EP4445046A1 - Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische anwendungen - Google Patents
Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische anwendungenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4445046A1 EP4445046A1 EP22813404.5A EP22813404A EP4445046A1 EP 4445046 A1 EP4445046 A1 EP 4445046A1 EP 22813404 A EP22813404 A EP 22813404A EP 4445046 A1 EP4445046 A1 EP 4445046A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- actuating element
- gear stage
- gear
- actuator
- actuating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H19/00—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion
- F16H19/001—Gearings comprising essentially only toothed gears or friction members and not capable of conveying indefinitely-continuing rotary motion for conveying reciprocating or limited rotary motion
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
- E05B81/24—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by constructional features of the actuator or the power transmission
- E05B81/26—Output elements
- E05B81/28—Linearly reciprocating elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
- E05B81/24—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by constructional features of the actuator or the power transmission
- E05B81/32—Details of the actuator transmission
- E05B81/34—Details of the actuator transmission of geared transmissions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E05—LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
- E05B—LOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
- E05B81/00—Power-actuated vehicle locks
- E05B81/24—Power-actuated vehicle locks characterised by constructional features of the actuator or the power transmission
- E05B81/32—Details of the actuator transmission
- E05B81/34—Details of the actuator transmission of geared transmissions
- E05B81/36—Geared sectors, e.g. fan-shaped gears
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H35/00—Gearings or mechanisms with other special functional features
- F16H2035/003—Gearings comprising pulleys or toothed members of non-circular shape, e.g. elliptical gears
Definitions
- the invention relates to an actuator for motor vehicle applications, in particular locking devices, having an electric motor and a drive train and an actuating element driven by the drive train, with at least a first and a second gear stage being provided in the drive train.
- Actuators are used where, for example, a vehicle part needs to be locked.
- a fuel filler flap, a cover or a storage compartment can be mentioned here, for example, as well as, for example, a lock for a charging plug of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the actuators are used here to secure the tank flap against unauthorized access, for example when locking a motor vehicle.
- a charging plug for a hybrid or electric vehicle is usually plugged into a charging socket provided on the vehicle. Since high currents and voltages can sometimes flow during charging, the charging process must be secured.
- control elements are used that secure the charging plug to the charging socket, for example an actuator being arranged on the charging socket and the control element being connected to the charging plug as a locking pin in such a way that the charging plug cannot be removed from the charging socket during charging.
- an actuating element is arranged in the motor vehicle in such a way that when the motor vehicle is locked, the actuating element can be brought into engagement as a locking pin with the fuel filler flap, so that the fuel filler flap cannot be opened when the vehicle is locked.
- DE 10 2017 125 819 A1 discloses an actuator with an electric motor and an actuating element that is directly or indirectly acted upon by the electric motor via a drive train, with at least one evoluid toothing in the drive train is realized. This construction generally provides a particularly compact embodiment of an actuator, while at the same time the overall weight of the actuator can be reduced.
- the actuator has an electric motor, an actuating element that can be acted upon directly or indirectly via a drive train, and a drive wheel equipped with evoluid teeth on a drive shaft of the electric motor, the drive train having at least one crown wheel stage.
- the invention is based on the technical problem of providing an actuator for motor vehicle applications which, in comparison to the prior art, can deliver a high level of functional reliability in all operating situations. It is therefore the object of the invention to provide an improved actuator for motor vehicle applications.
- the particular task here is to provide an actuator that ensures functional reliability even in extreme situations.
- an actuator for motor vehicle applications in particular for locking devices, is provided, having an electric motor, a drive train and an actuating element driven by means of the drive train, with at least a first and a second gear stage in the drive train is provided and wherein at least one gear stage has an at least partially variable translation.
- the construction of the actuating drive according to the invention now creates the possibility of being able to provide different forces for moving the actuating element or locking element by means of the drive train. This is particularly advantageous when greater forces have to be made available to move the actuating element due to, for example, icing of the actuating drive.
- the actuator is used to lock a charging connector in an electric or hybrid vehicle, the charging process having taken place overnight and under extreme weather conditions. It is also not always possible to completely prevent icing of an engagement area of the actuating element. If the locking element or actuating element has to be moved back to its starting position at the end of the charging process, the actuating element must be moved against the icing. It may be necessary to move the actuating element with an increased actuating force in order to break the ice.
- a gear stage with a variable transmission ratio according to the invention, a means can be made available in order to be able to move the actuating element safely into its functional positions even in extreme situations.
- actuators are used where actuating or locking elements in the motor vehicle have to be moved.
- Locks for flaps, covers, locking compartments, cargo compartments, but also locks for charging plugs in electric or hybrid vehicles can be mentioned here.
- the actuators are distinguished by a particularly compact structure, so that the actuators can be easily placed in the motor vehicle or implemented in other components of the motor vehicle.
- the actuators have at least one electric drive in the form of an electric motor and can therefore be supplied with electric power via the network in the motor vehicle.
- electric motors are extremely compact as miniature drives and, in combination with one or two or more gear stages, can achieve fast actuating times in the actuating element.
- the electric motor interacts with a drive train, it being possible for a worm wheel, an evoluid gear wheel or an involute-toothed gear wheel to be arranged on the output shaft of the electric motor.
- the transmission element arranged on the output shaft of the electric motor forms a first transmission stage with the output wheel, which interacts with at least one further transmission stage.
- the second or a further gear stage is equipped with a variable transmission. If a constant torque is made available via the first gear stage, a variable torque for driving the actuating element can be made available by means of the second or further gear stage.
- At least one gear stage is equipped at least in some areas with a variable translation. Area-by-area means here that a partially constant torque can be transmitted through the second gear stage, for example, but the transmission ratio in the gear stage changes at least in a partial area of the gear stage. A different torque or a different force can thus be made available for moving the actuating element.
- the structure of a drive train from a first and a second gear stage represents a compact structure of an actuator.
- the high speed of the electric motor can be translated via a first gear stage with a high ratio in such a way that a favorable torque is made available for the second gear stage .
- the actuating element can then be driven directly by means of the second gear stage, with a variable torque then being able to be generated in the second transmission ratio.
- a uniform positioning of the actuating element can be provided and, on the other hand, an increased torque or a high actuating force can be provided in the required areas of the actuating path.
- the design as a two-stage gear thus offers the advantage of a compact and therefore cost-effective design while at the same time providing different torques or actuating forces.
- the second gear stage is designed as an out-of-round gear stage.
- a non-circular gear stage is characterized by the fact that the rolling geometry on the drive wheel is designed with different rolling radii.
- a corresponding rolling geometry on the output wheel is then matched to the rolling radius of the drive wheel, so that continuous rolling between the operating wheel and the output wheel can be guaranteed. Due to the different rolling radii on the drive wheel, the torque to be generated can be varied in the non-round gear stage.
- the non-circular gear stage is not limited to the formation of two meshing gears, but it can also be designed as a gear and the driven toothed element the drive wheel Have the form of a toothed rack, the toothed rack then being shaped accordingly in order to be able to engage in the rolling radius of the drive wheel and thus to ensure safe and functioning rolling.
- At least one gear stage is constructed as an involute gear stage
- the actuating drive can in turn be designed in an advantageous manner.
- An involute toothing offers the advantage in relation to the involutes rolling on one another because, on the one hand, there is the possibility of high power transmission in the teeth and, on the other hand, low-noise rolling on the involute geometries.
- a first worm gear can be arranged directly on the electric motor, for example, and the second gear stage can have involute gearing as a non-circular gear stage.
- a continuous transmission ratio can thus be present in a first range of the transmission, whereas the transmission ratio changes in a further partial range.
- the actuating element can be moved constantly by means of a continuous range and, for example, be issued and change its actuating movement in a further second range, for example the end position, ie in an almost completely extended position. This can be advantageous if higher forces are to be made available in the end position. This can be advantageous, for example, when this end position represents a locked state for, for example, a charging plug of an electric or hybrid vehicle.
- the actuating element or the locking pin can be at the mercy of the external environmental conditions. If, in extreme situations, icing occurs in the area of the charging plug and the locked state is to be released, a higher actuating force may be required to move the locking pin or the actuating element. If the second gear stage is now equipped with an increasing transmission ratio, higher actuating forces are available in the end position or in the partial area of the second gear stage, which release the locking pin from engagement with the charging connector named as an example. After the locking pin has been released, the actuating element can then be moved constantly by means of the second partial area of the gear mechanism.
- the actuating element itself can also have part of a gear stage.
- the actuator can have two, three or more gear stages, but at least part of one of the gear stages, in particular a second gear stage, is arranged on the actuating element.
- the arrangement of part of the gear stages on the actuating element itself reduces the number of necessary gear parts to a minimum. A cost-effective actuating drive can thus be made available and at the same time a compact design of the actuating element is made possible.
- a particularly compact embodiment is provided when two gear stages are provided, with a first gear stage directly affecting the actuating speed of the actuating element on the electric motor, whereas the second gear stage can be used to provide the required actuating forces.
- an increased actuating force can be provided by the changed transmission ratio in the necessary areas of the actuating path of the actuating element.
- the transmission ratio is adjusted in such a way that an increased actuating force is provided at a reduced actuating speed.
- the actuating element is designed as a toothed rack, at least in some areas.
- Actuating element is moved linearly, for example, out of a housing of the actuator.
- a linear movement of the actuating element is preferred and is also previously known, for example, from DE 10 2017 125 819 A1.
- the drive by means of a toothed rack offers a constructively favorable option for producing a linear movement in the actuating element.
- At least a portion of the toothed rack can also be straight and designed as a flat toothed rack, flat means that the teeth of the toothed rack are located in one plane, with the plane of the teeth being arranged parallel to a central axis of the actuating movement of the actuating element.
- the flat area of the toothed rack in combination with a drive gear wheel for the toothed rack, then forms the area in which the actuating element can be adjusted with a uniform movement.
- a second portion of the rack then deviates from the plane and is designed in such a way that the transmission ratio between the drive wheel and the rack changes. An increase in the transmission ratio can be provided in an advantageous manner.
- the transmission ratio increases in the direction of an end position, preferably in both end positions, of the actuating element, an advantageous embodiment variant of the invention can in turn be achieved.
- the end positions are preferred positions in which higher actuating forces may be required.
- the actuating element has not been moved for a longer period of time, and therefore, due to dirt and/or weather influences, the actuating element must be released from the starting position with a greater force.
- a higher actuating force can then be made available in the starting position through the variable transmission ratio.
- a higher actuating force may also be required in the extended position of the actuating element if, for example, the actuating element is used to lock a charging plug of an electric or hybrid vehicle, and for example the load can tilt or be pulled destecker it comes to a pinching of the actuating element, so that in turn higher actuating forces are required to move the actuating element.
- the starting position of the actuating element and the fully extended position of the actuating element can be determined as end positions.
- the gear stages can be formed from a plastic, whereby on the one hand a low weight of the gear stages can be achieved and on the other hand a cost-effective manufacture of the gear components is made possible.
- a high level of functional reliability can be ensured and there is the possibility of providing different actuating forces in the required positions of the actuating element.
- Figure 1 shows a basic representation of a drive concept in a flowchart representation
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed view of an actuating element with an out-of-round gear and an involute toothing as part of the drive train
- FIG. 3 shows a further detailed view of an adjusting means with an out-of-round gear as part of the drive train.
- FIG. 1 shows a drive concept 1 in principle and in a representation of a flow chart. Shown is the transition from the electrical power Peiektr. towards the mechanical power Pmech.
- An electric motor 2 drives a drive wheel via an output shaft, the drive wheel together with an output wheel forming a first gear stage 3 .
- the first gear stage 3 is not tied to a toothing geometry or a type of gearing, but can be, for example, an evoloid gear, a toothed wheel gear, a worm gear or an involute gear.
- the first gear stage 3 interacts with a second gear stage 4, with a gear ratio that is preferably variable at least in certain areas being provided in the second gear stage.
- the second gear stage 4 drives the actuating element 5 directly or indirectly.
- the actuating element 5 moves via the gear stages 3, 4 and the electrical power Peiektr. in mechanical power Pmech. converted.
- the structure of the actuator according to the described drive concept 1 corresponds in essential points to the structure of the actuator according to DE 10 2020 101 363 A1, to whose disclosure content reference is made in its entirety.
- the drive concept 1 according to the invention differs in that there is a variable translation at least in one gear stage and at least in certain areas.
- FIG. 2 now shows an actuating element 5 in a detailed view and as an integral part of a second gear stage 4 .
- the actuating element 5 is arranged in a housing 6 of an actuating drive 7 in such a way that the actuating element 5 can be moved out of the housing 6 and into the housing 6 in the direction of the arrow P.
- the actuating element 5 can represent a locking pin or locking pin.
- the second gear stage 4 is driven via the component electric motor 2 and the first gear stage 3, which are only shown in principle.
- the second gear stage 4 is equipped as a non-circular gear 4 with involute gearing.
- the pitch circles 8, 9 and the rolling radii 8, 9 of the second gear stage 4 are shown in FIG. 4 as a dot-dash line. It can be clearly seen that the gear wheel 10 has different rolling radii R1, R2, which produce a variable translation in the second gear stage 4.
- the actuating element 5 can in principle be described as a toothed rack or as an actuating element with teeth, in particular involute teeth 11 .
- the actuating element 5 can be moved linearly along a center line M, with the actuating element 5 being accommodated in the actuating drive 7 in a linearly displaceable manner. Due to the different radii R1, R2 on the gear wheel 10, different movement speeds and different torques or actuating forces can be introduced into the actuating element 5.
- FIG. 2 shows the gear wheel 10 approximately in a central engagement of the actuating element 5.
- a large actuating movement can be generated by the large radius R2.
- the gear 10 can be moved back and forth in the direction of the arrow P1, so that the meshing ratios change in the second gear stage. If the gear wheel 10 is moved clockwise, for example, the actuating element 5 is moved into the housing 6 . This changes the engagement ratios in the second gear stage, with an increasing translation being achievable.
- a larger actuating force can be introduced into the actuating element 5 by means of the smaller radii R1 on the gear wheel 10 .
- the actuator 7 is able to achieve variable actuating forces or moments that can be used, for example, for breaking ice.
- the use of a non-circular gear thus offers the advantage of high functional reliability even in extreme situations, with increased actuating forces being available for extreme situations.
- FIG. 3 also shows an actuating element 12 as part of a second gear stage 4 in a detailed view of gear wheel 13 and actuating element 12 .
- the pitch circles 14, 15 or rolling regions 14, 15 of the second gear stage 4 are designed to be variable only in one direction of movement of the gear wheel 13.
- a variable transmission ratio is set in only one direction of movement of the gearwheel 13 .
- the variable translation results from the changing radii R1, R2 on the gear 13 and the course of the toothing 15 on the actuating element 12.
- a high actuating speed can be realized on the actuating element 12 over the radius R2, whereas with a movement of the gear 13, for example clockwise, high actuating forces F can be generated during the linear movement of the actuating element 12.
- Linear guides 16, 17 in the housing 6 of the actuator 7 can ensure linear guidance of the actuating element 12 along the center line M of the actuating element.
- the toothing 15 on the actuating element 12 as well as the toothing 14 on the gear wheel 13 is advantageously designed as an involute toothing.
- the design of the non-circular gear in the form of an involute gear with a constant and variable translation is characterized in that the rolling of the toothed areas 14, 15 has a high level of efficiency.
- different combinations of gear stages 3, 4 with different transmission ratios can be implemented.
- the use of an out-of-round gear with preferably increasing gear ratio can ensure a high level of functional reliability of the actuator 7 in extreme situations.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021132239.1A DE102021132239A1 (de) | 2021-12-08 | 2021-12-08 | Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische Anwendungen |
| PCT/DE2022/100847 WO2023104235A1 (de) | 2021-12-08 | 2022-11-14 | Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische anwendungen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4445046A1 true EP4445046A1 (de) | 2024-10-16 |
Family
ID=84364180
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22813404.5A Pending EP4445046A1 (de) | 2021-12-08 | 2022-11-14 | Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische anwendungen |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4445046A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021132239A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2023104235A1 (de) |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19932876A1 (de) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-18 | Ims Morat & Soehne Gmbh | Unrundgetriebe |
| DE102020101362A1 (de) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-22 | Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft | Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische Anwendungen |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3645314C5 (de) * | 1986-04-28 | 2006-04-13 | Geze Gmbh | Türschließer |
| JP2743339B2 (ja) * | 1988-07-25 | 1998-04-22 | アスモ 株式会社 | 車両用パワーウィンドウのレギュレータ |
| FR2793272B1 (fr) * | 1999-05-06 | 2001-07-27 | Valeo Securite Habitacle | Serrure comprenant un actionneur electrique, en particulier pour ouvrant de vehicule automobile |
| DE102005017160B4 (de) | 2005-04-14 | 2015-02-26 | Huf Hülsbeck & Fürst Gmbh & Co. Kg | Getriebe mit einem in Zahneingriff stehenden Antriebsteil und Abtriebsteil, das in einer definierten Drehendstellung stoppt |
| DE102008054398A1 (de) * | 2008-12-08 | 2010-06-10 | Brose Fahrzeugteile GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, Würzburg | Aktuator für die Betätigung einer Bremse eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| DE102017125819A1 (de) | 2017-11-06 | 2019-05-09 | Kiekert Ag | Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische Anwendungen |
| DE102018125991B4 (de) * | 2018-10-19 | 2026-02-05 | Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrische Antriebseinheit zum Zuziehen und/oder Öffnen eines Kraftfahrzeug-Schlosses |
| DE102020101363A1 (de) | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-22 | Infineon Technologies Ag | Sensor, Steuergerät und Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Richtung eines Magnetfeldes |
-
2021
- 2021-12-08 DE DE102021132239.1A patent/DE102021132239A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-11-14 EP EP22813404.5A patent/EP4445046A1/de active Pending
- 2022-11-14 WO PCT/DE2022/100847 patent/WO2023104235A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19932876A1 (de) * | 1999-07-16 | 2001-01-18 | Ims Morat & Soehne Gmbh | Unrundgetriebe |
| DE102020101362A1 (de) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-22 | Kiekert Aktiengesellschaft | Stellantrieb für kraftfahrzeugtechnische Anwendungen |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See also references of WO2023104235A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2023104235A1 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
| DE102021132239A1 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
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