EP4428439A1 - Discharge device for a fixed-bed gasifier - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a discharge device for a fixed bed gasifier (200) for generating a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials, comprising: a sleeve-shaped body (101) which can be positioned in a gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200), wherein the sleeve-shaped body (101) has a body wall (103), wherein the body wall (103) has a body outer side (105) which can be turned towards the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200), wherein the body wall (103) has a body inner side (107) which delimits a sleeve interior (106) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), and wherein the body wall (103) has at least one wall opening (143) on an underside (129) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), wherein in a plurality of discharge openings (109) are formed in the body wall (103), which extend from the body outer side (105) through the body wall (103) to the body inner side (107) in order to fluidically connect the sleeve interior (106) to the gasifier interior (205), wherein the discharge openings (109) each have an opening width (113) which is selected such that the combustible gas generated in the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) and the ash generated in the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) during gas generation can be discharged from the gasifier interior (205) through the discharge openings (109) into the sleeve interior (106), and that foreign bodies with a diameter which is larger than the opening width (113) are retained; and a rotatable cleaning body (111) which has at least one cleaning web (121) which extends along the body outer side (105) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), wherein the at least one cleaning web (121) is spaced from the body outer side (105), and wherein the rotatable cleaning body (111) is designed to guide the cleaning web (121) extending along the body outer side (105) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) and spaced from the body outer side (105) around the body outer side (105) by a rotation of the rotatable cleaning body (111) in order to loosen carbonaceous material deposited on the body outer side (105), in particular also comprising ash, and to ensure an effective flow of the combustible gas and the carbonaceous material, in particular also comprising the ash, through the discharge openings (109) to enable.

Description

The invention relates to a discharge device for a fixed bed gasifier, in particular for a direct current fixed bed gasifier, for producing a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials, and to a fixed bed gasifier, in particular a direct current fixed bed gasifier, for producing a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials with a discharge device.

Fixed bed gasifiers are usually used to produce a combustible gas from solid carbonaceous materials, such as biomass, which can be used in downstream gas turbines or combined heat and power plants to generate electricity or heat. An example of a fixed bed gasifier is the cocurrent fixed bed gasifier, which is characterized by the fact that the feed direction of the solid carbonaceous materials coincides with the flow direction of the supplied combustion air and the combustible gas produced.

Usually, fixed bed gasifiers have different reaction zones, comprising a heating zone in which the carbonaceous materials are heated and dried, an adjoining pyrolytic decomposition zone in which the dried carbonaceous materials are converted into coke, producing volatile gases, an adjoining oxidation zone in which the long-chain organic compounds of the volatile gases produced during pyrolysis are thermally broken down by the addition of oxygen at very high temperatures, producing, for example, carbon dioxide and water, and a reduction zone adjoining the oxidation zone in which the compounds produced in the oxidation zone react with the coke to form the desired combustible gas, which may include, for example, methane and/or hydrogen.

A disadvantage of conventional fixed bed gasifiers is that they often have relatively high requirements for the size of the carbonaceous material, for example dimensions of 3 cm x 3 cm x 5 cm, and for the water content, for example less than 20%. When using carbonaceous materials with too high a water content or a high proportion of non-gasifiable material, slag can form, which contaminates the fixed bed gasifier and reduces the performance of the system.

In order to separate foreign bodies from the carbonaceous materials, a grate is often used in a conventional fixed bed gasifier, which, however, often becomes clogged by ash that is produced from the carbonaceous materials during operation of the fixed bed gasifier, so that a corresponding grate must be cleaned at great expense for this reason, which leads to operational failures and thus to an increased service life of corresponding conventional fixed bed gasifiers.

The present invention is based on the object of enabling an effective separation of foreign bodies in a fixed bed gasifier with a simultaneous advantageous flow of gas generated in the fixed bed gasifier and ash generated in the fixed bed gasifier.

This object is achieved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying figures.

According to a first aspect, the object of the invention is achieved by a discharge device for a fixed bed gasifier for generating a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials, with a sleeve-shaped body which can be positioned in a gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier, wherein the sleeve-shaped body has a body wall, wherein the body wall has a body outer side which can be turned towards the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier, wherein the body wall has a body inner side which delimits a sleeve interior of the sleeve-shaped body, and wherein the body wall has at least one wall opening on an underside of the sleeve-shaped body, wherein a plurality of discharge openings are formed in the body wall, which extend from the body outer side through the body wall to the body inner side in order to fluidically connect the sleeve interior to the gasifier interior, wherein the discharge openings each have an opening width which is selected such that the gas in the the combustible gas generated in the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier and the ash generated in the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier during gas generation can be discharged from the gasifier interior through the discharge openings into the sleeve interior, and that foreign bodies with a diameter which is larger than the opening width are retained; and a rotatable cleaning body, which has at least one cleaning web which extends along the outside of the sleeve-shaped body, wherein the at least one cleaning web is spaced from the outside of the body, and wherein the rotatable cleaning body is designed to guide the cleaning web, which extends along the outside of the sleeve-shaped body and is spaced from the outside of the body, around the outside of the body by a rotation of the rotatable cleaning body in order to loosen carbon-containing material deposited on the outside of the body, in particular also comprising ash, and to enable an effective flow of the combustible gas and the carbon-containing material, in particular also comprising the ash, through the discharge openings.

In particular, the sleeve-shaped body is designed as a hollow cylinder which has the wall opening formed in the underside of the sleeve-shaped body and which has a further wall opening on an upper side opposite the underside of the sleeve-shaped body. The sleeve-shaped body designed as a hollow cylinder has a cylinder axis which extends from a center point of the wall opening of the sleeve-shaped body to a center point of the further wall opening of the sleeve-shaped body. The at least one cleaning web extends in particular parallel to the cylinder axis along the outside of the sleeve-shaped body and at a distance from the outside of the sleeve-shaped body.

In particular, the at least one cleaning web is spaced radially from the sleeve-shaped body. This means in particular that a radial axis extending from the cylinder axis parallel to the top and bottom of the sleeve-shaped body and intersecting the body wall and the at least one cleaning web defines a distance between the outside of the body wall and the at least one cleaning web.

In particular, the at least one cleaning web is radially spaced from the sleeve-shaped body over its entire length along the radial axis.

In particular, the at least one cleaning bar is fixed by the rotatable cleaning body in such a way that the distance between the at least one cleaning bar and the outside of the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body remains constant during rotation of the rotatable cleaning body. In particular, a second end of the at least one cleaning web facing the underside of the sleeve-shaped body is fixed to the rotatable cleaning body, and/or a first end of the at least one cleaning web facing an upper side of the sleeve-shaped body is fixed to the rotatable cleaning body.

This provides the technical advantage that the discharge device fulfils an advantageous dual function.

On the one hand, the sufficiently small opening width of the discharge openings ensures that foreign bodies, such as stones and/or nails, which may be present in the carbonaceous material, cannot pass through the discharge openings and are retained in the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier.

On the other hand, the rotation of the rotatable cleaning body ensures that carbonaceous material deposited on the outside of the sleeve-shaped body, in particular also comprising ash, is loosened by the at least one cleaning web guided around the outside of the sleeve-shaped body and thus the discharge openings can be kept clear, so that gas generated in the fixed bed gasifier and the ash produced thereby can be effectively discharged through the discharge openings into the sleeve interior of the sleeve-shaped body, wherein the discharged gas and the discharged ash can leave the sleeve-shaped body again through the wall opening in the underside of the body wall.

This allows an effective optimization of gas production with a fixed bed gasifier, since even when using unfavorable carbon-containing material, such as wood chips with a high foreign body content, blockage of the discharge openings is prevented, thus ensuring trouble-free continuous operation of the fixed bed gasifier, so that the use of a corresponding fixed bed gasifier becomes interesting for a variety of application scenarios.

The advantageous rotation of the rotatable cleaning body ensures a constant gas and ash flow in the fixed bed gasifier, which is essential for advantageous energy generation with the fixed bed gasifier.

In particular, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a co-current fixed bed gasifier, which is characterized in that the supply direction of the solid carbonaceous materials coincides with the flow direction of supplied combustion air and the generated combustible gas.

In particular, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a countercurrent fixed bed gasifier, which is characterized in that the supply direction of the solid carbonaceous materials is opposite to the flow direction of supplied combustion air and the generated combustible gas.

Alternatively, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a double-fire gasifier, which is characterized in that a further burner is connected downstream of the direct current gasifier.

Alternatively, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a multi-stage gasifier, which is characterized in that the pyrolysis zone and the gasification zone are spatially separated.

In particular, the discharge openings formed in the body wall are designed as discharge gaps which run around the body wall at least in sections.

In particular, the drainage gaps formed within the body wall completely surround the body wall.

In particular, the discharge columns encircle the body wall along a column circumferential direction.

In particular, the opening width, in particular column width, of the discharge openings, in particular discharge columns, extends orthogonally to the opening circumferential direction, in particular column circumferential direction.

In particular, the discharge openings surrounding the body wall are arranged at a distance from one another in the body wall.

In particular, the discharge openings surrounding the body wall are each spaced identically from one another.

In particular, the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body is formed in one piece.

In an advantageous embodiment, the opening width of the discharge openings is between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm, even more preferably between 3 mm and 7 mm, most preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm, and most preferably 5 mm.

This achieves the technical advantage that the corresponding opening width of the discharge openings is optimal in order, on the one hand, to effectively prevent foreign bodies with a larger diameter than the opening width from passing through the discharge openings and to retain corresponding foreign bodies in the carburetor interior, and, on the other hand, to be able to discharge ash and gas from the carburetor interior through the discharge openings.

In particular, all discharge openings have an identical opening width.

In an advantageous embodiment, the discharge device has a cover element which closes off an upper side of the sleeve-shaped body and an upper side wall of the rotatable cleaning body, wherein the cover element is designed in particular as a cover element which tapers upwards from the sleeve-shaped body and the rotatable cleaning body.

This achieves the technical advantage that the cover element prevents the carbon-containing material from penetrating into the interior of the case from above without being filtered through the discharge openings. The tapered shape of the cover element in particular ensures that material hitting the cover element from above is effectively collected on the top of the cover element. so that the material flow in the fixed bed gasifier from top to bottom is not impaired.

In particular, the tapered cover element is shaped as a hollow cone which has a tip and a circumferential surface surrounding the tip.

In particular, a plurality of guide ribs are arranged on the cover element, wherein the guide ribs are designed to divert material contained in the carburetor interior that impinges on the cover element from above from the upper side of the cover element.

In particular, the guide ribs extend radially from the tip along the lateral surface and delimit the guide areas arranged between the guide ribs for guiding the material.

In an advantageous embodiment, the body wall on the underside of the sleeve-shaped body is completely open to form the wall opening, or the body wall on the underside of the sleeve-shaped body has a body wall underside which delimits the sleeve interior at least in sections, wherein the at least one wall opening is arranged in the body wall underside, and wherein the gas and the ash can be discharged from the sleeve interior through the wall opening.

This achieves the technical advantage that the wall opening in the underside of the sleeve-shaped body, or in the underside of the body wall, ensures that gas and ash are effectively removed from the interior of the sleeve-shaped body, so that the unhindered flow of gas and ash in the fixed bed gasifier is guaranteed.

In an advantageous embodiment, a drive shaft connected to a drive of the fixed bed gasifier is arranged in the sleeve interior, which is connected to the rotatable cleaning body, wherein the drive is designed to rotate the drive shaft and to cause the rotation of the rotatable cleaning body connected to the drive shaft, and wherein the drive shaft is guided in particular through the at least one wall opening into the sleeve interior.

This achieves the technical advantage that the rotation of the drive, mediated by the drive shaft, can bring about an advantageous rotation of the rotatable cleaning body.

In an advantageous embodiment, the discharge openings are designed as discharge gaps which run around the body wall at least in sections, in particular completely, wherein the discharge gaps running around the body wall at least in sections, in particular completely, are each arranged in the body wall at a distance from one another by circumferential sleeve regions of the body wall.

This achieves the technical advantage that two adjacent discharge openings are each separated from each other by a circumferential sleeve area, so that an advantageous structure of the sleeve-shaped body is ensured.

In particular, the circumferential sleeve regions each have a sleeve region width which extends parallel to the opening width of the discharge openings, wherein in particular all circumferential sleeve regions arranged between the circumferential discharge openings have an identical sleeve region width.

According to one embodiment, the sleeve-shaped body has a circumferential flange on an underside, on which an underside of a wall of the rotatable cleaning body is slidably arranged in order to enable rotation of the rotatable cleaning body relative to the sleeve-shaped body. In particular, the slidable connection between the circumferential flange of the sleeve-shaped body and the underside of the wall of the rotatable cleaning body comprises a groove-web connection.

In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one cleaning web has a web inner side which faces the body outer side of the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body, wherein the web inner side of the at least one cleaning web is spaced from the body outer side of the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body.

This provides the technical advantage that an effective cleaning function is ensured by the cleaning bridge.

In an advantageous embodiment, the at least one cleaning web has a web outer side which faces away from the body outer side of the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body, wherein the at least one cleaning web has at least one material projection which is arranged on the web outer side and extends from the web outer side into the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier, and wherein the material projection is designed to move the carbon-containing material arranged in the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier when the cleaning body rotates.

This achieves the technical advantage that the material projection arranged on the outside of the web and extending into the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier rotates when the rotating cleaning body rotates and can therefore effectively move and loosen the material, in particular the carbonaceous material and/or the ash, in the gasifier interior. This ensures an advantageous flow of gas and ash through the discharge openings and at the same time the rotating material projection can push foreign bodies away from the discharge device so that the flow of material to the discharge openings is not impeded.

In particular, the at least one material projection has a plate shape, and the at least one material projection is in particular designed as a wing.

In particular, the at least one material projection comprises a single material projection or a plurality of material projections.

In an advantageous embodiment, the rotatable cleaning body has an upper side wall and/or a lower side wall, wherein the at least one cleaning web is connected to the upper side wall and/or the lower side wall.

This provides the technical advantage that an effective, stable mounting of the cleaning bar on the top wall and/or the bottom wall of the rotatable cleaning body can be achieved in such a way that the drive shaft Advantageously, a rotational movement of the drive shaft can be transmitted to the rotatable cleaning body and to the at least one cleaning web.

In particular, the cleaning body has only one upper side wall, which is connected to the at least one cleaning web. Alternatively and in particular, the cleaning body has an upper side wall and a lower side wall, wherein the at least one cleaning web is connected to the upper side wall and the lower side wall.

In particular, the upper side wall has at least one first web receptacle in which a first end of the at least one cleaning web facing the upper side wall is received and fixed.

In particular, the at least one cleaning bar has a widening at the first end of the cleaning bar in order to achieve effective stabilization of the cleaning bar.

In particular, the underside wall has at least one second web receptacle, in which a second end of the respective cleaning web facing the underside wall is received and fixed.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the rotatable cleaning body has a rotatable rotary shaft which extends along a sleeve center axis of the sleeve-shaped body, in particular the cylinder axis of the sleeve-shaped body designed as a hollow cylinder, wherein a shaft opening is formed in the upper side wall and/or the lower side wall in alignment with one another, through which the rotatable rotary shaft is guided.

This provides the technical advantage of achieving effective positioning of the rotatable rotary shaft.

In particular, a shaft opening through which the rotatable rotation shaft is guided is formed in the top wall and in the bottom wall, each in alignment with one another. Alternatively and in particular, a shaft opening through which the rotatable rotation shaft is guided is formed only in the top wall.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the rotatable rotary shaft extends beyond the top wall, and in particular at least one material projection is arranged on the extension region of the rotary shaft extending beyond the top wall, which projection is designed to move the carbon-containing material arranged in the gasifier interior of the fixed bed gasifier when the cleaning body rotates.

This achieves the technical advantage that effective mixing of the carbon-containing material is also achieved above the top wall by the rotating at least one material projection.

In particular, the at least one material projection comprises a single material projection or a plurality of material projections.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the rotatable rotary shaft is connected to the upper side wall of the rotatable cleaning body by a holding element.

This provides the technical advantage of achieving an effective connection of the rotatable rotary shaft to the rotatable cleaning body.

In particular, the holding element is arranged on an underside of the top wall facing the sleeve interior. Alternatively and in particular, the holding element is arranged on an upper side of the top wall facing away from the sleeve interior.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the rotatable cleaning body has a plurality of cleaning webs which extend along the outside of the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body and are arranged at a distance from the outside of the body, wherein the plurality of cleaning webs are arranged in particular symmetrically with respect to a sleeve center axis of the sleeve-shaped body on the rotatable cleaning body.

This provides the technical advantage that effective cleaning is ensured by the plurality of cleaning bridges.

In particular, the plurality of cleaning webs comprise two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten cleaning webs which are arranged at a distance from one another, wherein the plurality of cleaning webs are arranged in particular symmetrically with respect to the sleeve center axis of the sleeve-shaped body on the rotatable cleaning body.

According to an advantageous embodiment, the rotatable cleaning body has three cleaning webs which extend along the outside of the body wall of the sleeve-shaped body and are spaced from the outside of the body, wherein in particular two adjacent cleaning webs of the three cleaning webs enclose an angle of 120° with respect to a sleeve center axis of the sleeve-shaped body.

This provides the technical advantage that the discharge openings are kept clear by the three cleaning bars of the rotating cleaning body.

According to a second aspect, the object of the invention is achieved by a fixed bed gasifier for producing a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials with a discharge device according to the first aspect, wherein the fixed bed gasifier has a gasifier wall with an inner wall side facing the gasifier interior, wherein the discharge device is arranged in the gasifier interior at a distance from the inner wall side.

This achieves the technical advantage that the discharge device arranged in the carburetor interior at a distance from the inside of the gasifier wall ensures that a sufficient free volume remains between the discharge device and the inside of the gasifier wall through which the ash and the gas can be effectively conveyed through the gasifier interior, so that an advantageous flow of gas and ash through the discharge openings of the discharge device is ensured.

In particular, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a co-current fixed bed gasifier, which is characterized in that the supply direction of the solid carbonaceous materials coincides with the flow direction of supplied combustion air and the generated combustible gas.

In particular, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a countercurrent fixed bed gasifier, which is characterized in that the supply direction of the solid carbonaceous materials is opposite to the flow direction of supplied combustion air and the generated combustible gas.

Alternatively, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a double-fire gasifier, which is characterized in that a further burner is connected downstream of the direct current gasifier.

Alternatively, the fixed bed gasifier according to the present invention is a multi-stage gasifier, which is characterized in that the pyrolysis zone and the gasification zone are spatially separated.

In an advantageous embodiment, a wall cavity of the carburetor wall is formed between a wall outer side and the wall inner side of the carburetor wall, wherein in particular the wall cavity is filled with bulkhead material.

This achieves the technical advantage that the wall cavity, which is filled in particular with bulkhead material, ensures effective insulation of the carburetor interior.

In an advantageous embodiment, the gasifier wall is shaped as a hollow cylinder which is closed at least in sections on an upper side and/or on a lower side of the fixed bed gasifier.

This provides the technical advantage of ensuring effective separation of the carburetor interior from the outside of the fixed bed carburetor.

In an advantageous embodiment, the fixed bed gasifier has a supply opening in the upper side of the gasifier wall for supplying the carbon-containing materials into the gasifier interior, and/or the fixed bed gasifier has a discharge opening in a lower region of the gasifier wall for discharging combustible gas generated in the fixed bed gasifier from the gasifier interior.

This achieves the technical advantage of ensuring an effective supply of the carbon-containing materials or an effective removal of the combustible gas.

In an advantageous embodiment, the carburetor interior has a reduction zone in which the combustible gas is generated, wherein the combustible gas can in particular comprise methane and/or hydrogen, and wherein the discharge device is arranged in the reduction zone of the carburetor interior.

This provides the technical advantage of ensuring effective removal of gas from the reduction zone through the discharge openings.

In an advantageous embodiment, the fixed bed gasifier has a drive which is connected to a drive shaft which is arranged in the sleeve interior of the sleeve-shaped body of the discharge device, wherein the drive shaft is connected to the rotatable cleaning body of the discharge device, wherein the drive is designed to rotate the drive shaft and to cause the rotation of the rotatable cleaning body connected to the drive shaft, and wherein the drive shaft is guided in particular through the at least one wall opening into the sleeve interior.

This provides the technical advantage of ensuring effective removal of ash deposits from the discharge openings.

In particular, the fixed bed gasifier has a sensor for detecting a gas pressure in the carburetor interior of the fixed bed gasifier, and the fixed bed gasifier has a controller which is connected in terms of control technology to the drive and to the sensor, wherein the controller is designed to regulate the speed of the rotatable cleaning body coupled to the drive as a function of the gas pressure detected by the sensor.

The embodiments mentioned for the subject matter of the first aspect are also embodiments for the subject matter of the second aspect. The embodiments mentioned for the subject matter of the second aspect are also embodiments for the subject matter of the first aspect.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines herkömmlichen Festbettvergasers im Querschnitt;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Festbettvergasers im Querschnitt mit einer Abführungsvorrichtung gemäß einer Ausführungsform;

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Seitenansicht der in Fig. 2 lediglich schematisch dargestellten Abführungsvorrichtung für einen Festbettvergaser gemäß einer Ausführungsform;

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht der Abführungsvorrichtung gemäß der Fig. 3 ohne ein Deckelelement;

Fig. 5

eine perspektivische unterseitige Ansicht des rotierbaren Reinigungskörpers der in Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 dargestellten Abführungsvorrichtung; und

Fig. 6

eine perspektivische Schrägansicht des Hülsen-förmigen Körpers der in Fig. 3 und Fig. 4 dargestellten Abführungsvorrichtung.

The invention is described in more detail below using exemplary embodiments and the figures. The figures show:

Fig.1

a schematic side view of a conventional fixed bed gasifier in cross section;

Fig.2

a schematic side view of a fixed bed gasifier in cross section with a discharge device according to an embodiment;

Fig.3

a perspective side view of the Fig.2 only schematically shown discharge device for a fixed bed gasifier according to one embodiment;

Fig.4

a perspective oblique view of the discharge device according to the Fig.3 without a cover element;

Fig.5

a perspective bottom view of the rotatable cleaning body of the Fig.3 and Fig.4 shown discharge device; and

Fig.6

a perspective oblique view of the sleeve-shaped body of the Fig.3 and Fig.4 shown discharge device.

In the following description, reference is made to the accompanying figures which form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is to be understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural or logical changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The following detailed description, therefore, is not to be taken in a limiting sense. Furthermore, it is to be understood that the features of the various embodiments described herein may be combined with one another unless specifically stated otherwise.

The aspects and embodiments of the present invention are described with reference to the figures, wherein like reference numerals generally refer to like elements. In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention.

Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a conventional fixed bed gasifier in cross section.

A in Figure 1 The fixed bed gasifier 200 shown serves to generate a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials, such as biomass. The combustible gas generated by the fixed bed gasifier 200 can be fed, for example, to a gas turbine for generating electrical power or to a combined heat and power plant for generating heat and electrical power.

The Figure 1 The fixed bed gasifier 200 shown is in particular a direct current fixed bed gasifier 200, which is characterized in that the feed direction of the solid carbonaceous materials coincides with the flow direction of the supplied combustion air and the generated combustible gas.

Alternatively, however, the fixed bed gasifier 200 according to the present invention can also be a double-fire gasifier, which is characterized in that a further burner is connected downstream of the direct current gasifier, or a multi-stage gasifier, which is characterized in that the pyrolysis zone and the gasification zone are spatially separated.

The Figure 1 The fixed bed gasifier 200 shown has a gasifier wall 201 with a wall inner side 203 which delimits a gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200.

The gasifier wall 201 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 is shaped as a hollow cylinder, wherein the gasifier wall 201 is closed at least in sections on the upper side 207 and on the lower side 209.

The fixed bed gasifier 200 has a feed opening 211 in the upper side 207 of the gasifier wall 201 for feeding carbon-containing materials, in particular biomass, into the gasifier interior 205.

Here, the carbonaceous materials are first introduced through the feed opening 211 into the heating zone 213 of an upper region of the carburetor interior 205, in which the carbonaceous materials are heated and dried.

Subsequently, the dried carbonaceous materials are transferred from the heating zone 213 to the pyrolytic decomposition zone 214, in which the dried carbonaceous materials are converted into coke, thereby producing volatile gases.

The coke and the volatile gases then enter the oxidation zone 215, in which, with the supply of oxygen through the air nozzles 217 and at very high temperatures of sometimes more than 1000 °C, the long-chain organic compounds of the volatile gases produced during pyrolysis are thermally broken down, and carbon dioxide and water, for example, are produced.

In the reduction zone 218 following the oxidation zone 215, the compounds produced in the oxidation zone 215 react with the coke to form the desired combustible gas, which may include, for example, methane and/or hydrogen.

The combustible gas is discharged from the carburetor interior 205 through a discharge opening 219 in a lower region of the carburetor wall 201.

The non-decomposable components of the carbonaceous material in the carburetor interior 205, such as ash, are collected on the underside 209 of the carburetor wall 201 in the residue area 221.

By means of a corresponding fixed bed gasifier 200, a combustible gas can be produced which can be used for various types of gas applications without the need for overly complex gas purification techniques, thus avoiding the generation of environmentally harmful and potentially costly waste to dispose of.

A disadvantage of corresponding conventional fixed bed gasifiers 200 may be that the high heat content of the combustible gas emerging from the reduction zone 218 with a temperature of 600 to 800 °C can only be partially used for gas production with the help of heat exchangers, which means that due to the resulting Heat losses can reduce the conversion efficiency and thus the efficiency of the overall process. In addition, conventional fixed bed gasifiers 200 often have relatively high requirements in terms of the size of the pieces, for example dimensions of 3 cm x 3 cm x 5 cm, and the water content, for example less than 20%, of the carbonaceous material.

These high requirements on the fuel properties are due to the required uniform temperature distribution in the packed bed, which is required within the individual zones forming in the carburetor interior 205 in order to achieve good gas quality.

In addition, in a conventional fixed bed gasifier 200, it is often not certain that a coke layer of the carbonaceous material that is easily permeable to gases will form under all operating conditions so that this gasification principle can be operated reliably. Fine-grained material components therefore generally cannot be used in a conventional fixed bed gasifier 200, as they can fall through the gasifier interior 205 and lead to a blockage of the fuel bed.

Another disadvantage of a conventional fixed bed gasifier 200 is the comparatively high risk of slag formation due to the high temperatures in the oxidation zone 215. This risk of slagging is particularly high when gasifying biomass types with high alkali contents and the associated low ash softening temperatures. Conventional fixed bed gasifiers 200 therefore place high demands on the temperature resistance of the materials used. In addition, often only carbonaceous materials with a relatively low water content can be used, since the water vapor formed in the drying zone impairs the heat balance of the subsequent gasification. Another disadvantage of conventional fixed bed gasifiers 200 is the comparatively high carbon content in the ash, since for thermodynamic reasons not all of the carbon in the reduction zone can be transferred to the gas phase.

In order to provide a constant energy supply of the fixed gasifier 200, the material flow in the gasifier interior 205, in particular in the reduction zone 218, must be ensured. In this case, the gas generated in the reduction zone 218 and the ash generated in the reduction zone 218 must be removed from the reduction zone 218 in such a way that be transported away in such a way that the ash does not obstruct the flow path of the gas. To do this, the ash must be kept moving so that the dynamic pressure does not block the flowing gas excessively, whereby ideally the gas produced will carry the ash along with it.

In fixed bed gasifiers 200, a grate is required to separate any foreign bodies that may be present in the carbon-containing material. The ash produced in the fixed bed gasifier 200 is difficult to flow and foreign bodies such as nails or stones may be present in the carbon-containing material, which can lead to the fixed bed gasifier 200 becoming clogged. A corresponding grate must therefore be cleaned at regular intervals, which leads to considerable additional effort and costs, since no energy can be produced by the fixed bed gasifier 200 while the grate is being cleaned.

Figure 2 shows a schematic side view of a fixed bed gasifier in cross section with a discharge device according to an embodiment.

As already mentioned in relation to the Figure 1 was discussed, the present invention has the object, among others, of ensuring an effective removal of gas generated from carbon-containing materials and the ash produced thereby from the reduction zone 218 of a fixed bed gasifier 200, while at the same time effectively retaining foreign bodies present in the carbon-containing material.

As from the Figure 2 As can be seen, in the corresponding reduction zone 218 of a fixed bed gasifier 200 according to the embodiment, a discharge device 100 comprising a sleeve-shaped body 101 is arranged, which has a plurality of circumferential discharge openings 109.

The discharge openings 109 have a Figure 2 not shown opening width, which is selected such that the combustible gas generated in the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 and the ash generated in the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 during gas generation are discharged from the gasifier interior 205 through the discharge openings 109 into a Figure 1 non-visible sleeve interior 106 of the discharge device 100. The opening width of the discharge openings 109 is, however, on the other hand, it is selected such that foreign bodies with a diameter larger than the opening width are effectively retained.

From the Figure 2 Furthermore, a drive 227 of the fixed bed gasifier 200, which is only shown schematically, can be taken, which is connected by a drive shaft 229 with a Figure 2 not shown, in order to ensure the removal of ash contamination from the discharge openings 109 of the discharge device 100 by rotation of the rotatable cleaning body. The drive 227 rotates in a rotation direction 231 and transmits the rotational movement via the drive shaft 229 to the Figure 2 Rotating cleaning body (not shown).

For further details please refer to the following explanations.

From the Figure 2 It can also be seen that the discharge device 100 is positioned on an intermediate floor 223 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 in the gasifier interior 205 such that the discharge device 100 is spaced from the gasifier wall 201. A gas outlet opening 222 shown in dashed lines in the Figure 2 The material flow 225, which is only shown schematically, can thus successfully take place from the reduction zone 218 through the discharge openings 109 and through the sleeve interior 106 of the discharge device 100 into the lower region of the carburetor interior 205.

The gas produced can be effectively discharged from the gasifier interior 205 through the discharge opening 219 in the lower region of the gasifier wall 201 and the ash collects in the residue area 221 of the fixed bed gasifier 200.

Figure 3 shows a perspective side view of the Figure 2 only schematically illustrated discharge device for a fixed bed gasifier according to one embodiment.

The Figure 3 The discharge device 100 shown in detail consists of a sleeve-shaped body 101 and a rotatable cleaning body 111, which is arranged outside the sleeve-shaped body 101, so that for this reason the rotatable cleaning body 111 in the in Figure 3 selected representation of the sleeve-shaped Body 101 is covered at least in sections, so that for further details of the sleeve-shaped body 101 reference is made to the following figures.

The sleeve-shaped body 101 has a body wall 103 in which a plurality of discharge openings 109 are formed, which are designed in particular as discharge gaps and which run around the body wall 103 at least in sections, in particular completely, and break through the body wall 103 in order to Figure 3 non-visible sleeve interior 106 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 with the carburetor interior 205 of the fixed bed carburetor 200 in a fluid-technical manner.

As already mentioned in relation to the Figure 2 was carried out, the discharge openings 109, which are designed in particular as discharge gaps, each have an opening width 113 which is selected such that the combustible gas generated in the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 and the ash generated in the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 during gas generation can be discharged from the gasifier interior 205 through the discharge openings 109 into the sleeve interior 106, and that foreign bodies with a diameter which is larger than the opening width 113 are retained.

The opening width 113 of the discharge openings 109 is in particular between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm, even more preferably between 3 mm and 7 mm, most preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm, and even more most preferably 5 mm.

The opening width 113 extends orthogonally to an opening circumferential direction 114 of the discharge openings 109 surrounding the body wall 103.

The rotatable cleaning body 111 has at least one cleaning web 121 which extends along the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 and which is arranged at a distance from the body outer side 105. As in the Figure 3 As shown, the rotatable cleaning body 111 has in particular three cleaning webs 121, which extend along the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101, and are spaced from the body outer side 105, and which symmetrical with respect to a Figure 3 shown sleeve center axis 147 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 are arranged on the rotatable cleaning body 111.

In each case, two cleaning webs 121 arranged next to one another form an angle of 120° with respect to the sleeve center axis 147. The Figure 3 The number of cleaning bars 121 shown is not limited to three, but it is also possible to provide one cleaning bar 121, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine or ten cleaning bars 121.

In particular, the cleaning webs 121 extend parallel to the sleeve center axis 147 of the sleeve-shaped body 101, in particular parallel to a cylinder axis 147 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 designed as a hollow cylinder.

Even if this is from the Fig.3 cannot be seen, the cleaning webs are spaced radially from the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101, wherein the corresponding radial axes 132 extending from the sleeve center axis 147 in the Fig.3 are marked.

Here, the rotatable cleaning body 111 is designed to guide the cleaning webs 121, which extend along the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 and are spaced apart from the body outer side 105, around the body outer side 105 by a rotation of the rotatable cleaning body 111 in order to remove carbon-containing material deposited on the body outer side 105, in particular also comprising the ash, and to enable an effective flow of the combustible gas through the discharge openings 109.

Thus, the rotation of the rotatable cleaning body 111 along the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 causes carbon-containing material accumulating on the outside of the body outer side 105, in particular also including ash, to be effectively dissolved, so that the discharge openings 109 can be kept clear, so that an effective flow of gas and ash through the discharge openings 109 into the sleeve interior 106 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 is achieved, which is not impaired by corresponding deposits.

In this case, the at least one cleaning web 121 has a Figure 3 non-visible web inner side 135 which faces the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 and is spaced from the body outer side 105 and the at least one cleaning web 121 has a web outer side 119 which faces away from the web inner side 135 or the sleeve-shaped body 101.

As from the Figure 3 As can also be seen, at least one material projection 123 is arranged on the web outer side 119 of the rotatable cleaning body 111, which extends from the web outer side 119 into the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200.

As from the Figure 3 As can be seen, the material projections 123 of the corresponding cleaning webs 121 are arranged offset from one another in height on the web outer side 119 and in particular along the entire height of the web outer side 119.

The material projections 123 are designed to move the carbon-containing material, in particular also including the ash, received in the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 when the rotatable cleaning body 111 rotates. In addition, foreign bodies that do not fit through the discharge openings 109 are pushed radially outwards by the rotating material projections 123 when the rotatable cleaning body 111 rotates, while at the same time the ash is loosened, so that a constant and low-maintenance material conveyance through the discharge openings 109 is ensured.

From the Figure 3 It can also be seen that the discharge device 100 has a top wall 127 which has a Figure 3 non-visible top of the sleeve-shaped body 101, so that no material from the carburetor interior 205 of the fixed bed carburetor 200 can penetrate from above into the interior of the rotatable cleaning body 111.

From the Figure 3 It can also be seen that the upper side wall 127 has a plurality of first web receptacles 127-1, in each of which a first end 121-1 of the respective cleaning web 121 facing the upper side wall 127 is received and fixed.

At the first end 121-1 of the respective cleaning bar 121, the respective cleaning bar 121 has in particular a widening 130 in order to achieve an effective stabilization of the cleaning bar 121.

From the Figure 3 It can also be seen that the rotatable cleaning body 111 has a bottom wall 133, which is designed in particular as a flange surrounding the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101, which is also spaced apart from the body outer side 105. From the Figure 3 It can be seen that the at least one cleaning web 121 is connected to the upper side wall 127 and to the lower side wall 133. The rotatable cleaning body 111 thus comprises the upper side wall 127, the lower side wall 133 and the cleaning webs 121.

From the Figure 3 It can also be seen that the underside wall 133 has a plurality of second web receptacles 133-1, in each of which a second end 121-2 of the respective cleaning web 121 facing the underside wall 133 is received and fixed.

Here, the rotatable cleaning body 111 has a rotatable rotation shaft 149 which extends along the sleeve center axis 147 of the sleeve-shaped body 101, wherein a shaft opening 134 is formed in the upper side wall 127 and the lower side wall 133 in alignment with one another, through which the rotatable rotation shaft 149 is guided.

Even if this is in the Figure 3 not shown, the discharge device 100 may have a cover element which closes an upper side of the sleeve-shaped body 101 and the upper side wall 127 of the rotatable cleaning body 111. The Figure 3 The cover element (not shown) is designed in particular as a cover element tapering upwards from the sleeve-shaped body 101 and the rotatable cleaning body 111.

Figure 4 shows a perspective sectional view of the discharge device according to the Figure 3 .

As from the Figure 4 can be seen, the sleeve-shaped body 101 arranged within the rotatable cleaning body 111 can be advantageously seen.

The rotatable cleaning body 111 has cleaning webs 121 which extend along the body outer side 105 of the body wall 103 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 and are spaced from the body outer side 105. As already mentioned with respect to the Figure 3 As has been explained in detail, the cleaning webs 121 are guided around the outside of the body 105 during the rotation of the rotatable cleaning body 111 in order to effectively dissolve carbon-containing material accumulated on the outside of the body 105, in particular also comprising the ash.

In the Figure 4 It can also be seen that the majority of discharge openings 109 surrounding the body wall 103 are each arranged in the body wall 103 at a distance from one another by circumferential sleeve regions 137 of the body wall 103.

In the Figure 4 It can also be seen that the body wall 103 on the underside 129 of the sleeve-shaped body 101 is completely open to form a wall opening 143. The gas and the ash from the sleeve interior 106 can be discharged back down into the gasifier interior 205 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 through the wall opening 143.

As from the Figure 4 Furthermore, it can be seen that the Figure 4 The drive shaft 229, which is connected to the drive 227 (not shown) of the fixed bed gasifier 200, is guided through the at least one wall opening 143 into the sleeve interior 106 and is connected to the rotatable cleaning body 111, in particular the upper side wall 127, by a holding element 150.

Figure 5 shows a perspective bottom view of the rotatable cleaning body of the Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown discharge device.

Since the sleeve-shaped body 101 is open at the lower wall opening 143, in the Figure 3 the sleeve-shaped body 101 and the sleeve interior 106 of the discharge device 100 can be seen. In addition, the underside of the top wall 127 of the rotatable cleaning body 111 can be seen through the sleeve interior 106 of the discharge device 100.

The drive shaft 229 extending along the sleeve center axis 147 is in the Figure 5 , wherein the rotary shaft 149 is fixed by a support element 150. The support element 150 is connected to the top wall 127.

Thus, the rotational movement caused by the drive 227 of the fixed bed gasifier 200 on the drive shaft 229 can be effectively transmitted to the rotatable cleaning body 111 via the rotation shaft 149, via the support member 150 and via the top wall 127 in order to rotate the rotatable cleaning body 111.

Figure 6 shows a perspective oblique view of the sleeve-shaped body of the Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown discharge device.

Reference is made to the comments on Figure 4 and Fig.5 referred to.

List of reference symbols:

100

Discharge device

101

Sleeve-shaped body

103

Body wall

105

Body outside

106

Shell interior

107

Inside of the body

109

Discharge gap

111

Rotatable cleaning body

113

Opening width

114

Opening direction

115

Sleeve wall

117

Recess

119

Sleeve outside

121

Cleaning bridge

123

Material advantage

127

Top wall of the rotating cleaning body

129

Bottom of the sleeve-shaped body

130

Widening

131

flange

132

Radial axis

133

Bottom wall of the rotating cleaning body

135

Bridge inside

137

Circumferential sleeve area

143

Wall opening

147

Sleeve center axis

149

Rotary shaft

150

Mounting element

200

Fixed bed gasifier

201

Carburettor wall

203

Inside wall

205

Carburettor interior

207

Top of the carburetor wall

209

Bottom of the carburetor wall

211

Feed breakthrough

213

Heating zone

215

Oxidation zone

217

Air nozzle

219

Discharge breakthrough

221

Waste area

223

Intermediate floor

225

Material flow

227

drive

229

Drive shaft

231

Rotation direction

Claims (15)

Discharge device (100) for a fixed bed gasifier (200) for producing a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials, comprising: a sleeve-shaped body (101) which can be positioned in a carburetor interior (205) of the fixed bed carburetor (200), wherein the sleeve-shaped body (101) has a body wall (103), wherein the body wall (103) has a body outer side (105) which can be turned towards the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200), wherein the body wall (103) has a body inner side (107) which delimits a sleeve interior (106) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), and wherein the body wall (103) has at least one wall opening (143) on an underside (129) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), wherein a plurality of discharge openings (109) are formed in the body wall (103), which extend from the body outer side (105) through the body wall (103) to the body inner side (107) in order to fluidically connect the sleeve interior (106) to the carburetor interior (205), wherein the discharge openings (109) each have an opening width (113) which is selected such that the combustible gas generated in the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) and the ash generated in the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) during gas generation can be discharged from the gasifier interior (205) through the discharge openings (109) into the sleeve interior (106), and that foreign bodies with a diameter which is larger than the opening width (113) are retained; and a rotatable cleaning body (111) which has at least one cleaning web (121) which extends along the body outer side (105) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), wherein the at least one cleaning web (121) is spaced from the body outer side (105), and wherein the rotatable cleaning body (111) is designed to rotate the cleaning web (121) which extends along the body outer side (105) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) and from the body outer side (105) spaced cleaning web (121) around the outside of the body (105) in order to loosen carbon-containing material deposited on the outside of the body (105), in particular also comprising ash, and to enable an effective flow of the combustible gas and the carbon-containing material, in particular also comprising the ash, through the discharge openings (109). Discharge device (100) according to claim 1, wherein the opening width (113) of the discharge openings (109) is between 0.2 mm and 10 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 10 mm, more preferably between 2 mm and 8 mm, even more preferably between 3 mm and 7 mm, most preferably between 4 mm and 6 mm, and most preferably 5 mm. Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge device (100) has a cover element which closes off an upper side of the sleeve-shaped body (101) and an upper side wall (127) of the rotatable cleaning body (111), wherein the cover element is designed in particular as a cover element tapering upwards from the sleeve-shaped body (101) and from the rotatable cleaning body (111). Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the body wall (103) on the underside (129) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) is completely open to form the wall opening (143), or wherein the body wall (103) on the underside (129) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) has a body wall underside which delimits the sleeve interior (106) at least in sections, wherein the at least one wall opening (143) is arranged in the body wall underside, and wherein the gas and the ash can be discharged from the sleeve interior (106) through the wall opening (143). Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a drive shaft (229) connected to a drive (227) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) is arranged in the sleeve interior (106), which is connected to the rotatable cleaning body (111), wherein the drive (227) is designed to rotate the drive shaft (229) and to cause the rotation of the rotatable cleaning body (111) connected to the drive shaft (229), and wherein the drive shaft (229) is guided in particular through the at least one wall opening (143) into the sleeve interior (106). Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the discharge openings (109) are designed as discharge gaps (109) which run around the body wall (103) at least in sections, in particular completely, wherein the discharge gaps (109) running around the body wall (103) at least in sections, in particular completely, are each arranged in the body wall (103) at a distance from one another by circumferential sleeve regions (137) of the body wall (103). Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one cleaning web (121) has a web inner side (135) which faces the body outer side (105) of the body wall (103) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) and which is spaced from the body outer side (105) of the body wall (103) of the sleeve-shaped body (101). Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one cleaning web (121) has a web outer side (119) which faces away from the body outer side (105) of the body wall (103) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), wherein the at least one cleaning web (121) has at least one material projection (123) which is arranged on the web outer side (119) and extends from the web outer side (119) into the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200), and wherein the material projection (123) is designed to move the carbon-containing material arranged in the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) when the cleaning body (111) rotates. Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotatable cleaning body (111) has an upper side wall (127) and/or a lower side wall (133), wherein the at least one cleaning web (121) is connected to the upper side wall (127) and/or a lower side wall (133). Discharge device (100) according to claim 9, wherein the rotatable cleaning body (111) has a rotatable rotary shaft (149) which extends along a sleeve center axis (147) of the sleeve-shaped body (101), wherein a shaft opening (134) is formed in the upper side wall (127) and/or the lower side wall (133) in alignment with one another, through which the rotatable rotary shaft (149) is guided. Discharge device (100) according to claim 10, wherein the rotatable rotary shaft (149) extends beyond the top wall (127), and wherein in particular on the extension region of the rotary shaft (149) extending beyond the top wall (127) at least one material projection (123) is arranged, which is designed to move the carbon-containing material arranged in the gasifier interior (205) of the fixed bed gasifier (200) upon rotation of the cleaning body (111). Discharge device (100) according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the rotatable rotary shaft (149) is connected to the top wall (127) of the rotatable cleaning body (111) by a support element (150). Discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotatable cleaning body (111) has a plurality of cleaning webs (121) which extend along the body outer side (105) of the body wall (103) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) and are spaced from the body outer side (105), wherein the plurality of cleaning webs (121) are arranged in particular symmetrically with respect to a sleeve center axis (147) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) on the rotatable cleaning body (111). Discharge device (100) according to claim 13, wherein the rotatable cleaning body (111) has three cleaning webs (121) which extend along the body outer side (105) of the body wall (103) of the sleeve-shaped body (101) and are spaced from the body outer side (105), wherein two adjacent cleaning webs (121) of the three cleaning webs (121) enclose an angle of 120°, in particular with respect to a sleeve center axis (147) of the sleeve-shaped body (101). Fixed bed gasifier (200) for producing a combustible gas from carbonaceous materials with a discharge device (100) according to one of the preceding claims,
wherein the fixed bed gasifier (200) has a gasifier wall (201) with an inner wall side (203) facing the gasifier interior (205), wherein the discharge device (100) is arranged in the gasifier interior (205) at a distance from the inner wall side (203).

Images