EP4428331B1 - Sliding window or door - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sliding window mechanism and a sliding window sash or a sliding window frame with this sliding window mechanism as well as a sliding door mechanism and a sliding door sash or a sliding door frame with this sliding door mechanism.

There are already various types of windows and doors, as well as a wide variety of sliding windows and sliding doors. For example, the vertical sliding window, which is common in America, is just one example. Other types of sliding windows were used, for example, in the Renault R4. Other examples of sliding elements used to make openings to enclosed areas closable are sliding doors, as is common in the automotive sector. Furthermore, various sliding windows and sliding doors, such as sliding doors and folding sliding doors, are known.

The documents EP 2 317 054 A2 , DE 199 48 376 A1 , DE 23 03 682 A1 , US 5 836 111 A , DE 36 39 998 A1 , WO 2019/168840 A1 and FR 2 300 879 A1 reveal sliding doors or sliding windows with a mechanism designed to adjust the lower guide or the lower guide element and/or the upper guide or the upper guide element so that the sliding sash is opened or closed at the top and/or bottom perpendicular to an opening direction.

Until now, sliding windows and sliding doors have had several disadvantages compared to casement windows and doors, such as the need for thick frames to accommodate the rollers and window/door mechanisms used to open, close, and lock the window or door. Furthermore, sliding windows and sliding doors typically have sealing issues, as high forces cannot usually be applied to the window/door seal, and the seal must be moved over such a seal when moving a sliding window/door element.

It is therefore desirable to improve sliding windows and doors so that even with very narrow frames or even without any visible frames, Sliding windows and doors can be provided that offer excellent usability, tightness, and security against accidental opening. It is also desirable to have a sliding window and sliding door that, on the one hand, allows for easy opening and closing, and, on the other hand, allows the function of the sliding window or sliding door to be significantly improved, particularly in terms of tightness, security, and usability.

According to the present invention, a sliding window or sliding door is provided having the features of claim 1, preferred embodiments being described in the dependent claims.

The sliding window or sliding door according to the present invention comprises a mechanism for a sliding window or sliding door with a frame and a sliding sash that can be moved horizontally in a sliding direction, wherein the frame has an upper and a lower guide and the sliding sash has an upper and lower guide element, wherein the guides and the guide elements interact and enable the sliding sash to be moved relative to the frame. The mechanism is configured to adjust at least the lower guide or the lower and upper guides such that the sliding sash is opened or closed at the top and/or bottom perpendicular to an opening direction. The lower guide comprises a roller rail, and the lower guide element is designed as a rail. The guide rollers of the roller rail are configured to roll over the rail or to be rotatably mounted in the roller rail and to roll under the rail, while the rail is always in contact with several rollers. The mechanism is designed to move the roller rail parallel to the opening direction when adjusted perpendicularly, or the mechanism is designed to pivot the roller rail around an axis that runs parallel to the opening direction. The opening direction is defined here as the direction in which the sliding window or sliding door is pushed open.

For simplicity, reference will be made to either a frame or a sash in the following. Otherwise, the present invention is suitable for both sliding doors and sliding windows. However, when reference is made to both components, a construction such as "sliding window/door sash" is used to refer to "sliding window sash" on the one hand and "sliding door sash" on the other.

According to the invention, the lower guide, or the lower guide and the upper guide, are adjusted so that the sliding window/door can be opened upwards and/or downwards relative to its normal position. In this case, the mechanism adjusts at least the lower guide perpendicular to the opening direction.

In its basic form, a sliding window/sliding door is provided that can be tilted at the top and/or bottom. Here, the term "tilting" is used to describe a movement that encompasses a range of motion of only a few millimeters, or at most a few centimeters. This sliding window or sliding door does not perform a tilting movement, as is known from a tilt-and-turn window, where the scissor mechanism allows tilting up to a gap of 10 to 20 cm. Instead, it achieves a range of motion of just a few millimeters. This is not to allow for greater air exchange, but simply to lift a seal on the frame or sash far enough away from a sealing surface to create a small air gap.

The basic design can be tilted at the top and/or bottom, with upper tilt being preferred for sliding window/door sashes mounted on the inside, while lower tilt is preferred for sliding window/door sashes mounted on the outside.

Sliding windows and sliding doors often use brush seals, which allow the sliding window or sliding door to move while the seal is in place. It is also common to use seals that are pressed against the corresponding sealing surfaces when the sliding window or sliding door is in the closed position.

However, this is only a basic design, in which one seal is designed as a brush seal or similar, and the seal is located in the area that is tilted open or closed, or extended or closed. Here, a significantly increased sealing effect can be achieved simply by further adjusting a guide or guide element, without the need for movable or pneumatic seals.

The mechanics of the present invention are rather complex compared to conventional sliding window designs, which is why particular attention should be paid to a particularly good and friction-free bearing.

According to the invention, the lower guide comprises a roller conveyor and the lower guide element comprises a rail, wherein rollers of the roller conveyor are configured to roll over the rail. The weight of the window or door is supported from below by a rail that can roll over the roller conveyor. It is provided to insert the roller conveyor into a frame and to provide the sash with the rail in order to be able to implement a sash frame that is as thin as possible. Here, the roller conveyor is adjusted in order to tilt or angle the window or door. Here, the window or door is angled or tilted on its underside.

In one embodiment of the mechanism, this is designed to move the roller track parallel to the opening direction when the lower guide is adjusted. Here, the roller track is adjusted or moved parallel (essentially) perpendicular to a plane of the window/door surface. This parallel displacement can be linear or along a curve or a circular arc. Here, the roller track and the rail run essentially without any particular mutual tilting that exceeds the amount of tilting that results from an adjustment of only the lower guide. This has the advantage that The adjustment does not cause friction and therefore no wear between the rollers of the roller conveyor and the rail.

According to one embodiment of the mechanism, the roller track pivots around an axis that runs parallel to the opening direction. This is to be designed such that pivoting causes a shift in the point where the roller track and the rail touch, or where the rollers roll over the rail, and causes a movement of the sash relative to the frame that is at least partially substantially perpendicular to a window/door surface and thus also perpendicular to the opening direction. For this to happen, the pivot axis of the roller track or the rail must not coincide with the point where the rollers run on the rail. The pivot point of the roller track is preferably located below the contact area of the rollers with the rail, so that a pivot area preferably has two end positions that are in a stable position. It can also be provided that only a closed position of the roller rail assumes a stable position under gravity conditions, thereby ensuring that the sliding sash is automatically pressed against a window/door seal even without force being applied by an operating element.

In an additional embodiment of the present mechanism, an upper guide comprises rollers, a roller track, or at least one sliding element, and the upper guide element comprises a rail. It is also possible for the upper guide to comprise a rail, and for the upper guide element to comprise rollers, a roller track, or at least one sliding element. The mechanism is configured to pivot the rollers, the roller track, the at least one sliding element, or the rail about an axis that runs parallel to the opening direction. Here, an embodiment of the invention is proposed in which an upper part of the sliding sash can be adjusted analogously to the above embodiments of the lower sliding sash in order to extend or close an upper part of the sliding sash, or to tilt or tilt the sliding sash at an upper edge. This embodiment is also aimed at achieving only a small degree of tilting. Here, too, the focus is on sealing the sliding sash perpendicular to an opening direction. Here, the embodiment relates to sealing an upper edge of the Sliding sash. Depending on the perspective, the mechanism can be used to improve sealing on at least part of the sliding sash or to reduce friction between a seal and a sealing surface when moving the sliding sash by lifting the seal off the seal or at least significantly reducing the contact pressure acting on the seal. Even if the main focus is on preventing the sliding sash from tilting, it is also intended to move the entire sliding sash in parallel and to press seals against sealing surfaces or lift them off sealing surfaces. The upper rail and the rollers or the roller rail or the at least one sliding element should be designed in such a way that they are capable of compensating for the movement of a lower rail, the lower rollers, the roller rail or at least one lower sliding element. Here, a roller arrangement is provided in which rollers with vertical axes run in a U-shaped groove, and the dimensions of the grooves allow the rollers to tilt slightly in the rail or permit at least a small vertical movement of the rail in relation to the rollers or the roller rail. A sliding element arrangement can also be used in which the at least one sliding element and the rail have a cross-sectional profile that allows mutual pivoting along a longitudinal axis. In the simplest case, this can be achieved by a contact surface that forms part of a circular cylinder surface, thus enabling sliding in both the longitudinal and circumferential directions. In the case of sliding elements, the contact surface should be as large as possible to achieve low surface loading of the sliding elements and thus low wear.

In a further embodiment of the mechanism, the upper guide comprises rollers, a roller track or at least one sliding element and the upper guide element comprises a rail, or the upper guide comprises a rail and the upper guide element comprises rollers, a roller track or at least one sliding element. Here too, the mechanism adjusts the rollers, the roller track or the rail, so that the axis of the rollers, the roller track or the rail are displaced parallel during adjustment. Here too, the mechanism can adjust the sliding element or the rail, so that the contact surface of the slideway and the rail is displaced parallel during adjustment. This can be achieved by a Parallelogram guidance, or by several actuators that adjust the individual rollers perpendicular to a surface of the window/door sash.

In a further embodiment of the mechanism, it is configured to adjust the lower guide and preferably the lower guide element by tilting the guide and preferably the lower guide element, and is also configured to adjust the upper guide and/or the upper guide element by a parallel displacement in a horizontal direction. The horizontal direction of adjustment of the upper guide and/or the upper guide element occurs perpendicular or at least essentially perpendicular to a surface of the sliding sash. This currently appears to be the preferred embodiment, with the operating elements for controlling the mechanism being arranged on the sliding sash or in the frame. An arrangement of operating elements in the frame makes it possible to design the provided frame elements of the sliding sash very elegantly. An arrangement of operating elements in the sliding sash enables excellent usability for a user, since when operating the mechanism on the sash, these operating elements can also be used to open or close the sliding sash.

In a further embodiment of the mechanism, this is characterized in that by adjusting the upper guide or the upper guide element and the lower guide, at least one window/door frame seal on a sliding window/door frame is pressed against a sliding window/door sash and/or a window/door sash seal on the sliding window/door sash is pressed against the sliding window/door frame, or is lifted off from it, in a direction that is horizontal and perpendicular to the opening direction. This combines the movements on the upper and lower sides of the window/door sash, which serves to seal the entire window/door sash in a closed position. This eliminates the need for adjustable seals or seals that allow a window/door sash to be opened or closed with the seal in place.

According to a further embodiment, the mechanism allows a joint adjustment The upper guide or the upper guide element and the lower guide with a single operating element. The sliding window/door sash can be opened by a single operation of a control element at the top and bottom. This allows the sliding window/door sash to be lifted from seals that seal perpendicular to the opening direction and opened or closed without resistance.

According to a further embodiment, the mechanism allows separate adjustment of the upper guide or the upper guide element and the lower guide. Here, by operating a control element belonging to the mechanism, only part of the sliding window/door sash can be tilted. Even if the tilt is less, as is known from tilt-and-turn windows and tilt-and-turn doors, and a viewing gap does not necessarily have to be created when the window or door sash is tilted at the top or bottom, the tilt allows the seals at the top or bottom of the window/door sash to lift off the corresponding sealing surfaces and thus permit air exchange when the window or door is tilted. Here, for the first time, it is also possible to tilt the sliding window/door sash at the bottom. To increase air flow, transverse openings can be provided in the roller rail or rail to enable greater air exchange. It may also be possible to design the rebate in such a way that it allows for increased air flow when the sliding sash is tilted on one or both sides.

In a further embodiment of the mechanism, it comprises at least one operating element and at least one actuator element, wherein the operating element is connected to the at least one actuator element by at least one operative connection. The at least one actuator element is configured to mechanically adjust at least one of the upper guide, the lower guide, the upper guide element, and the lower guide element. In the simplest case, the operating element can be designed as a sliding or pivoting lever, the operative connection as a rod, and the actuator element as a lever that adjusts a guide or a guide element.

In a further embodiment of the mechanism, the operating element, the Active connection and at least one actuator element are connected to one another by a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a hydraulic connection. Here, the actuator element is designed to adjust the lower guide and preferably at least one of the upper guide and the upper guide element in order to tilt, extend or slide the sliding window/door sash. It can also be provided to integrate an electric drive, for example, for opening or closing the window/door sash into the frame. Here, an operating element can comprise buttons that enable opening by simply pressing a button. In electrical solutions, it can also be provided that the mechanism comprises sensors to prevent objects or body parts from becoming trapped.

In an additional embodiment of the mechanism, the upper guide is designed as rollers, as a roller rail, or with at least one sliding element, and the upper guide element as a rail or U-rail, or the upper guide is designed as a rail or U-rail and the upper guide element is implemented with rollers, a roller rail, or at least one sliding element. In this design, the axes of the rollers or a roller rail and the rail or U-rail are arranged at an angle to the window surface. The rail and the rollers enable mutual displacement. The angle of inclination allows the upper side of the sliding window/door sash to be extended or closed when the sliding window/door sash is raised or lowered by adjusting the lower guide and/or the lower guide element. Here, the upper rail and the rollers or the at least one sliding element force the sash to move up or down in an oblique direction, which ensures that the upper part of the window or door is raised during an upward movement and closed during a downward movement. This design has the advantage that a separate mechanism is only required at the bottom, which allows the window/door sash to be opened or closed, and above all, raised and lowered. This allows for a simpler mechanism, since all moving components, especially in windows, can be integrated into the lower part of the sash or frame.

According to a further aspect of the present invention, a sliding window or sliding door is provided with at least one of the above sliding window/door frames and at least one of the sliding window/door leaves described above. In particular, the choice of mechanisms in the case of two window/door leaves makes it possible to adjust both window/door leaves using one mechanism arranged in the frame. It is also possible to use two mechanisms with which the guides and the guide elements can be adjusted. Such a design is aimed at further increasing the degree of ventilation when the window or door is open. It is also possible to design a split mechanism in order to adjust only an upper guide element or an upper guide, or only a lower guide element or a lower guide. It may also be provided to integrate an operating element into the window/door sash, which is connected via a detachable coupling to a mechanism in the window/door frame, so that by operating the handle or lever on the window/door sash, a mechanism on the frame can be activated to tilt or open the sash. This design has the advantage that the lever or handle can also be used to open the sliding window/door sash after the sash has been opened and the coupling of the mechanism has been released. Here, a large part of the mechanism can be integrated into the The frame can be installed, and opening or extending the window or door requires only a single handle, without the need to change your grip. Such a solution could be implemented using a rotary handle in the sash, connected to a mechanism in the frame via a plug-in coupling, similar to a triangular connection. The mechanism adjusts the guides, and after the guides have been adjusted, the coupling is released by sliding the sash open. Such a design can also be equipped with a brake in the sash, allowing the sliding sash to be locked in any intermediate position using the same lever.

• Figuren 1A und 1B stellen eine vordere und Schnittansicht von einem herkömmlichen Schiebefenster dar.
• Figuren 2A und 2B zeigen eine vordere Teil-Schnittansicht und horizontal geschnittene Schnittansicht von einem Schiebefenster bzw. Schiebetür gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung.
• Figuren 2A und 2B zeigen eine vordere Teil-Schnittansicht und horizontal geschnittene Schnittansicht von einem Schiebefenster bzw. einer Schiebetür gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung.
• Figuren 3A und 3B zeigen jeweils Schnitt-Teilansichten entlang der Linie 3-3 von Figur 2A, wobei diese Ansicht den unteren Teil des Schiebeflügels und des Rahmens darstellt.
• Figuren 4A und 4B zeigen eine Schnitt-Teilansicht entlang der Linie 3-3 von Figur 2A, wobei jeweils zwei verschiedene Ausführungsformen dargestellt sind.
• Figuren 5A und 5B stellen eine Schnittansicht durch eine obere rechte Ecke von dem Fenster bzw. der Tür von Figur 2A dar, wobei die Figure 5A eine Umlenkung einer Gestänge-Mechanik mit einem Dreieckhebel darstellt. Figur 5B zeigt eine Ansicht entlang der Schnittlinie 5-5 von Figur 5A.
• Figuren 6A und 6B zeigen eine Schnitt-Teilansicht entlang der Linie 6-6 von Figur 2A, wobei diese Ansicht eine Ansteuerung einer oberen Führung in dem Rahmen darstellt.
• Figuren 7A und 7B zeigen eine Schnitt-Teilansicht entlang der Linie 7-7 von den Figuren Figur 6A und 6B. wobei hier die Verstellung der Oberen Führung dargestellt ist.
• Figur 8 stellt eine weitere Möglichkeit, die nicht Teil der Erfindung ist, zur Verstellung einer unteren Rollenschiene an dem Rahmen eines Schiebefensters bzw. einer Schiebetür dar, wobei beim Ausstellen oder Kippen kein Verschleiß zwischen der Schiene und den Rollen auftritt.
• Figur 9 stellt eine weitere Möglichkeit zur Verstellung einer unteren Rollenschiene an dem Rahmen eines Schiebefensters bzw. einer Schiebetür dar, wobei beim Ausstellen oder Kippen kein Verschleiß zwischen der Schiene und den Rollen auftritt.
• Figuren 10A und 10B zeigen eine Möglichkeit einen oberen Teil eines Fenster- bzw. Türflügels aus- bzw. zuzustellen, ohne dass eine gesonderte Mechanik notwendig ist.
• Figuren 11A und 11B stellten eine Ausführungsform einer Mechanik dar, die besonders vorteilhaft mit der Mechanik der Figuren 10A und 10B zusammenzuwirken, da sie eine Verstellung in Vertikal- als auch in Horizontalrichtung des Fensters gestattet.

The drawings provide schematic and not-to-scale representations of selected embodiments to facilitate understanding of the invention.

• Figures 1A and 1B show a front and section view of a conventional sliding window.
• Figures 2A and 2B show a front partial sectional view and horizontally sectioned sectional view of a sliding window or sliding door according to the present invention.
• Figures 2A and 2B show a front partial sectional view and horizontally sectioned sectional view of a sliding window and a sliding door according to the present Invention.
• Figures 3A and 3B show partial sectional views along line 3-3 of Figure 2A , this view shows the lower part of the sliding sash and the frame.
• Figures 4A and 4B show a partial sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2A , each showing two different embodiments.
• Figures 5A and 5B represent a sectional view through an upper right corner of the window or door of Figure 2A where the Figure 5A a deflection of a rod mechanism with a triangular lever. Figure 5B shows a view along section line 5-5 of Figure 5A .
• Figures 6A and 6B show a partial sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Figure 2A , this view showing a control of an upper guide in the frame.
• Figures 7A and 7B show a partial sectional view along the line 7-7 of the figures Figures 6A and 6B . where the adjustment of the upper guide is shown here.
• Figure 8 represents a further possibility, which is not part of the invention, for adjusting a lower roller rail on the frame of a sliding window or sliding door, wherein no wear occurs between the rail and the rollers when opening or tilting.
• Figure 9 represents another possibility for adjusting a lower roller rail on the frame of a sliding window or sliding door, whereby no wear occurs between the rail and the rollers when opening or tilting.
• Figures 10A and 10B show a possibility of extending or closing the upper part of a window or door sash without the need for a separate mechanism.
• Figures 11A and 11B represented an embodiment of a mechanism that was particularly advantageous with the mechanics of Figures 10A and 10B to work together, as it allows adjustment in both vertical and horizontal directions of the window.

In the following, both in the description and in the figures, the same or similar reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements and components.

Figures 1A and 1B represent a front and sectional view of a conventional sliding window 100. In the Figure 1 A sliding sash 102 of the sliding window is shown in the frame 104 in a closed position. The sliding sash 102 is provided with a glass 106 and has a handle 110 with which the sash 102 can be opened or closed.

Can be pushed closed. A non-movable part of the window has a larger glass surface 108 and is therefore not visible. The guides here are designed as low-friction plastic rails, and the seals are designed as brush seals, which allow the window sash to slide even when the seals are in contact.

Figure 1B shows a sectional view of the conventional sliding window with the sliding window sash 102 closed, wherein the sliding window sash 102 is shown in dashed lines in an open position.

Figures 2A and 2B show a front partial sectional view and a horizontally sectioned sectional view of a sliding window or sliding door 2 according to the present invention. The sliding window/door sash 4 is provided with a lower guide element 20, which is designed as a rail 40. The sliding window/door sash 4 is further provided with an upper guide element 22, which is designed as a U-rail 42.

The sliding window/door frame 6 is provided with a lower guide 24, which is designed as a roller rail 44 with guide rollers 46 and on which the rail 40 of the sliding window/door sash 4 runs. The frame is further provided with an upper guide 26, which here is designed as a series of rollers 48, which are located in the U-rail 42 and guide the sliding window/door sash 4 at the top. Figure 2A is not to recognize how the lower guide 24, the upper guide 26, the upper guide element 22, or the lower guide element 20 can be adjusted, since such adjustment is carried out perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. The sliding window/door sash 4 can be opened and closed using a handle 8. An operating element 10 in the form of an operating lever 12 is also attached to the frame. Figure 2A The opened sliding window/door sash 4 is shown in dashed lines.

In the Figure 2B is a sectional view through the sliding window or sliding door 2 of Figure 2A at the height of handle 8. The sliding window/door sash 4 is shown in a closed position. Next to the sliding window/door sash 4, the lower guide 24 can be seen, which is in the form of a roller rail 44 with rollers 50. Here, the extended and open sliding window/door sash 4 are each shown in dashed lines. Since the tilted or extended position hardly differs from the closed and blocked position, instead of a full arrow, only a triangle is shown, indicating that the window or sliding door is extended.

Figure 3A shows a section along the line and the Figure 3B shows a partial sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2A , this view shows the lower part of the sliding sash 4 and the frame 6. Here, the section shows a lower part of the sliding window/door frame 6 in which the lower guide 24 is shown in the form of the roller rail 42 in which a guide roller 46 is visible. The roller rail 42 can be rotated or pivoted about a lower joint 80, as shown in the Figure 3B is shown. In the sliding position or the tilted or extended position, the roller rail is vertical and the rollers of the roller rail can roll on the rail 40 without significant resistance when the sliding window/door sash 4 is moved. In the situation shown, the window or door is not airtight even when the sliding window/door sash 4 is closed, since the seal 60 is lifted from the sealing surface 62. However, in the designs presented here, only a much lower air exchange is possible compared to a tilt window or a tilt-and-turn door. Here, only the lower part of the frame with the adjustment is visible. It is possible to design the mechanism shown so that when the window is closed or when the door is pushed closed, only the lower guide can be extended, thus enabling a similar effect to that of a tilt window. However, it can be provided that the upper guide element and/or the upper guide allow a wider tilt range, so that the function of a conventional tilt window can be achieved. For this purpose, for example, part of the window sash can be provided with a separate tilt mechanism, which allows part of the window sash to be tilted. It can also be provided that the adjustment range of the upper guide element and/or the upper guide is increased so that a tilt window function is provided with a wide gap between the upper edge of the door/window sash and the frame.

Figure 3B This shows the section of the sliding window or sliding door from Figure 3A , wherein the lower guide 24 or the roller rail is shown in a tilted position, so that the contact area of the guide rollers 46 is shifted further towards the frame 6 of the sliding window or sliding door, and the seal 60 is in contact with the sealing surface 62. Here, the closed and locked position of the sliding sash 4 can be seen. Due to the pivoted position of the roller rail 42, the closed state is stabilized by the weight force acting on the sliding sash. It can also be provided to fix the sliding window/door sash in the locked position by a separate locking mechanism. In order to better understand the movement, the position of the sliding window/door sash is Figure 3A thinner and with dashed lines also in the Figure 3B indicated. The tilting is controlled by the operating lever 12.

Figures 4A and 4B show a partial sectional view along line 3-3 of Figure 2A , each showing two different embodiments. The Figure 4A shows a design for an operating lever 12 arranged on the sliding window/door frame 6. The operating lever 12 is arranged with a bearing 86 in the sliding window/door frame 6 and can be pivoted perpendicular to the window/door surface. A lever arm 88 is connected to two push rods 80 that run downwards and upwards perpendicular to the plane of the drawing. When the operating lever 12 is actuated, the lever arm 88 rotated perpendicular to the image plane and two push rods 80 are moved. Analogous to the Figures 3A and 3B A push rod 80 extending downwards into the image plane is moved upwards when the operating lever 12 is pivoted from an obliquely downward position into a vertical position. The operating lever 12 extends downwards from the axis mounted in the bearings 86. If the operating lever 12 is rotated downwards from an obliquely forward position into a vertical position, the push rod 80 is pulled upwards and presses the window/door sash 4 into a closed position. At the same time, a second push rod 80 is pushed upwards and is fastened to an upper guide, with which Figures 5 to 7 components shown, also bring the window/door sash into a closed position.

Figure 4B represents a variant in which the operating lever is split in two, and thus comprises a part that allows only the downward-running push rod 80 to be adjusted and a further part that only adjusts the upward-running push rod 80. Here, with the split lever, the sliding window/door sash 4 can be opened either only at the top or only at the bottom, or both at the top and bottom at the same time. The two parts of the operating lever are arranged directly next to one another, making it easy to grasp and adjust both parts of the operating lever 12 by hand at the same time. However, it is also possible to only adjust the part further down or outwards and thus only open the upper part of the sliding window/door sash 4. It is also possible to only adjust the part further inwards and thus only open the lower part of the sliding window/door sash 4. This type of adjustment option is not yet known for sliding windows or sliding doors.

Figures 5A and 5B represent a sectional view through an upper right corner of the window or door of Figure 2A where the Figure 5A represents a deflection of a rod mechanism with a triangular bell crank 82. In one position, the vertically extending push rod is in a lower position (dashed) and in the solid version, the rod is in an upper position (solid). This corresponds to the position of the lever in the Figures 4A and 4B . In the upper position, the bell crank 82 is pivoted and moves a second horizontal push rod 80 analogously to the vertical push rod 80. Other deflection mechanisms such as racks and gears could also be used here, but at least a mechanical version is specified here. Figure 5B is a sectional view of the Figure 5A or 2A shown cut along line 5-5.

Figures 6A and 6B show a partial sectional view taken along line 6-6 of Figure 2A , this view shows a control of an upper guide in the frame. The section runs parallel to section 5-5 of the Figure 5A However, it shows a view of an adjustment of the upper guide, which is implemented here by rollers 48 with vertical roller axes 50. The rollers 48 run in a U-shaped rail 42, which is attached to the sliding window/door sash 4 and serves as the upper guide element 22. In the view, the push rod moves perpendicular to the image plane. The roller axes are attached to deflection levers 84, each with a roller, so that a displacement of the push rod leads to a tilting of the lever and a displacement of the rollers in the image plane. The displacement of the roller axes also causes a displacement of the U-shaped rail 42 and thus an adjustment or erection of the sliding window/door sash 4 relative to the sliding window/door frame 6.

In Figure 6A the sliding window/door sash 6 is blocked and in the Figure 6B shows how the sliding window/door sash 6 is extended, with the seal 60 lifting off from the sealing surface 62.

In the Figures 6A and 6B Lines 7-7 are drawn, which represent the cutting lines along which the window or door is positioned to represent the Figures 7A and 7B are cut.

In the Figures 6A and 6B Rollers are used that run in a U-shaped rail. However, the upper rollers only serve to guide the upper part of the sliding window/door sash laterally. Almost no force acts on the rollers here, as the window is essentially vertical or only slightly tilted. However, a greater force only occurs when the rollers press the window against the frame to achieve a certain compression of the window seal. This also allows the rollers of the figure to be with PTFE cylinders or appropriately shaped T-nuts or sliding elements that run in the U-rail. It is also conceivable to use only a single rail and insert N-shaped T-nuts that can support a single rail from both sides.

Figures 7A and 7B each show a sectional view through the mechanism for extending the upper guide by adjusting the rollers on the upper sliding window/door frame 6. In the Figure 7A The sliding window/door sash 4 is shown in a raised position. The deflection lever 86 with the roller 48 is extended and holds the sliding window/door sash 4 away from the sliding window/door frame 6. The roller 48 only guides the sliding window/door sash 4 and is not able to bear the weight of the sliding window/door sash 4. In the Figure 7B the push rod 80 is shifted to the right and, by pivoting the bell crank 86, the roller 48 is pressed closer to the frame 6 until the seal (not shown) rests against an associated sealing surface and seals the window or door.

This shows a simple way of opening or closing a sliding window or door. In combination with the control element of the Figure 4B only the upper part of the sliding window or sliding door can be slightly extended or tilted.

Figure 8 represents a further possibility, which is not part of the invention, for adjusting a lower guide 24, which is designed here as a rail 40, arranged in the frame 6 of a sliding window or sliding door. Here, the rail 40 cooperates with a roller rail 44 which is embedded in the sliding window/door sash 4. Here, the roller rail 44 serves as the lower guide element 20. This design requires a larger frame of the sliding window/door sash 4 in order to accommodate at least the diameter of the guide rollers 46. An advantage of the design of Figure 8 However, this is due to the fact that all guide rollers 46 run permanently on the rail 40 and thus no running up and down of one end of the rail 40 on a guide roller 46 occurs, which would cause a sliding movement The execution of the Figure 8 allows, if the upper guide element in the sliding window/door sash 4 is also designed as a roller, an opening or closing movement that can be completely smooth. The design of the Figure 8 also allows the number of guide rollers 44 to be significantly reduced, since there is no running of rollers onto or off a rail end.

Figure 9 provides a further possibility for adjusting a lower guide 24. The lower guide 24, as shown in Figure 3A designed as a roller rail 44, is embedded in the lower frame 6 of the sliding window or sliding door. Here, the rail 40, which is attached to the sliding window/door sash 4 as a lower guide element, is wider and essentially flat. The guide rollers 46 of the roller rail 44 also have a running surface with a flat profile that can bear higher loads than the guide rollers of the other designs. Here, too, as in Figure 3A An operating element 10 is designed as an operating lever 12 (although a push rod is not shown). The operating lever 12 is connected to a parallel four-bar mechanism, which enables a parallel displacement of the roller rail 44 on a circular arc. If the operating lever 12 is pressed downwards, the sliding window/door sash 4 moves to the right and the seal 60 is lifted from the sealing surface 62. The parallel displacement can be designed symmetrically here, so that the mechanism and the sliding window/door sash 4 assume a stable position under the influence of gravity, both in the closed position and in an open position, in which there is no load on the adjustment mechanism.

Figures 10A and 10B show a possibility of extending or closing the upper part of a window or door sash without the need for a separate mechanism. Figure 10A The upper guide 26 is designed as a series of rollers 48, which run in an upper guide element 22, which is designed as a U-rail. The rollers are designed as inclined rollers 52 and run in an inclined rail 50. In the continuous version of the window or door leaf 4, the inclined rollers 52 run on an upper edge of the inclined rail 50. If the window or door leaf 4 is lifted, the Inclined rollers move further into the inclined rail 50 and push the window or door sash 4 away from the window or door frame 6. Depending on the design of a lower part of the mechanism, the window or door sash 4 can be lifted to expose the upper part of the window or door sash 4.

Figure 10B corresponds in principle to the execution of the Figure 10A , wherein only the upper guide 26 is designed as a U-rail and the upper guide element 22 is designed as a series of rollers 48 which run in the U-rail. Here, too, the rollers are designed as inclined rollers 52 which run in an inclined rail 50. In the solid version of the window or door sash 4, the inclined rollers 52 run on an upper edge of the inclined rail 50, and the window or door sash 4 is closed at least on the upper side. If the window or door sash 4 is lifted, the inclined rollers 52 move further into the inclined rail 50 and press the window or door sash 4 away from the window or door frame 6. Depending on the design of a lower part of the mechanism, the window or door sash 4 can be lifted in order to open out the upper part of the window or door sash 4.

The passive mechanics of the Figures 10A and 10B can be combined with a lower mechanism of Figure 3A or the Figure 11 be combined.

Figures 11A and 11B represent an embodiment of a mechanism that is particularly advantageous with the mechanism of the Figures 10A and 10B Here, the window sash is pivoted essentially parallel on a quarter circle, which creates a movement that initially lifts the window/door sash 4, whereby the upper part of the window with the inclined rollers and inclined rails is also pushed outwards and thus opened. During this movement, the lower part of the window sash is opened and closed again. In the Figure 11B It is shown how the lower guide can be moved outwards without lifting the window sash. The combination of the Figures 10A or 10B with the mechanics of Figure 11A , allows a particularly simple mechanism for simultaneously opening the upper and lower part of the window/door sash 4 by lifting the window/door sash 4. It is also possible to use the mechanism of Figure 11A How in the Figure 11B to be modified so that a separate lateral and height adjustment of the lower part of the window/door sash 4 is possible in order to enable a separate opening and closing of the upper and lower parts of the window/door sash 4. In the Figure 11 A essentially depicts the lifting of the window or door sash. Figure 11B it is also possible to push the entire lower mechanism outwards without lifting the window or door sash 4, and only open it at the bottom.

This is indicated by an adjustable lower support of the lower mechanism, which can be achieved using slide rails, swivel joints, screw drives, or hydraulics. Such adjustment is indicated by the dotted line and the straight arrows.

List of reference symbols

2

Sliding window / sliding door

4

Sliding window sash / sliding door sash

6

Sliding window frame / sliding door frame

8

Handle

10

Control element

12

Operating lever

20

lower guide element

22

upper guide element

24

lower guide

26

upper guide

40

rail

42

U-rail

44

roller rail

46

leadership roles

48

Roll

50

Inclined rail

52

Inclined roller

54

Sliding element

60

seal

62

Sealing surface

80

push rod

82

bell crank

84

Bell crank with roller

86

warehouse

88

lever arm

100

conventional sliding window

102

conventional sliding window sash

104

conventional sliding window frame

106

Glass of the sliding window sash

108

Glass surface of the sliding window frame

110

Handle of the sliding window sash

A

Swivel axis

Ö

Opening direction

Claims (10)

1. A sliding window or sliding door (2), comprising at least one sliding window/door frame (6) with a mechanism, and a sliding window/door wing (4) horizontally displaceable in a sliding direction,

   wherein the sliding window/door frame (6) has an upper guide (26) and a lower guide (24), and the sliding window/door wing (4) has an upper guide element (22) and a lower guide element (20), wherein the upper and the lower guides (24, 26) and the upper and the lower guide elements (22, 24) each interact and allow displaceability of the sliding window/door wing (4) with respect to the sliding window/door frame (6),

   wherein the mechanism is configured to adjust the lower guide (24), or the lower guide (24) and the upper guide (26) in such a manner that the sliding window/door wing (4) is swung out or swung in at the bottom, or at the top and the bottom, perpendicular to an opening direction,

   characterized in that

   the lower guide (24) comprises a roller rail (44) and the lower guide element (20) comprises a rail (40),

   wherein guide rollers (46) of the roller rail (44) are configured to roll over the rail (40), wherein the weight load of the sliding window/door wing (4) is supported from below by the rail (40) which can roll over the roller rail (44),

   wherein during the adjustment, the mechanism displaces the roller rail (44) in parallel, perpendicular to an opening direction (Ö), or

   the mechanism pivots the roller rail (44) about an axis (A) which runs parallel to the opening direction (Ö).
2. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   the upper guide comprises rollers (22), a roller rail (44), or at least one sliding element (54), and the upper guide element (22) comprises a rail (20) or a U-rail (42), or

   the upper guide (22) comprises a rail (20) or a U-rail (42), and the upper guide element (26) comprises rollers (48), a roller rail (44), or at least one sliding element (54),

   wherein the mechanism pivots the rollers (48), the roller rail (44), the sliding element (54), or the rail (40), or the U-shaped rail (42) about an axis (A) that runs parallel to the opening direction (Ö).
3. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 2,
   characterized in that

   the upper guide (26) comprises rollers (48), a roller rail (44), or at least one sliding element (54), and the upper guide element (22) comprises a rail (40) or U-rail (42), or

   the upper guide (26) comprises a rail (20) or a U-rail (42), and the upper guide element comprises rollers (48), a roller rail (44), or at least one sliding element (54),

   wherein the mechanism adjusts the rollers (48), the roller rail (44), the at least one sliding element (54), or the rail (40), or the U-rail (42) in that an axis of the rollers (48), the roller rail (44) of the at least one sliding element (54), or the rail (20), or

   the U-rail (42) are displaced in parallel during adjustment.
4. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims 2 or 3,
   characterized in that

   the mechanism is configured to adjust the lower guide (24) and/or the lower guide element (20) by tilting the lower guide (24), and

   in that the mechanism is configured to adjust the upper guide (26) and the upper guide element (22) by parallel displacement in a perpendicular direction.
5. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that

   by adjusting the upper guide (26) or the upper guide element (22) and the lower guide (24), at least one seal (60) on a sliding window/door frame (6) is pressed against a sealing surface (62) on a sliding window/door leaf (4),
   and/or

   a seal (60) on the sliding window/door wing (4) is pressed against a sealing surface (62) on the sliding window/door frame (6) or is lifted off therefrom, in a direction that runs perpendicular to the opening direction (Ö) and runs horizontally.
6. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the mechanism further comprises an operating element (10), and in that the operating element (10) and the mechanism are configured to jointly adjust the upper guide (26), and/or the upper guide element (22), and the lower guide (24).
7. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the mechanism further comprises an operating element (10), and in that the operating element (10) and the mechanism are configured to adjust the upper guide (26), and/or the upper guide element (22), and the lower guide (24) separately from each other.
8. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
   characterized in that
   the mechanism comprises at least one operating element (10) and at least one actuator element which are connected by at least one operative connection, wherein the actuator element is configured to mechanically adjust the lower guide (24) and preferably at least one of the upper guide (26), the upper guide element (22), and the lower guide element (20).
9. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that
   the operating element (10) comprises the operative connection and the at least one actuator element comprises a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, and wherein the actuator element is actuated mechanically or electrically.
10. The sliding window or sliding door (2) according to any one of the preceding claims,
    characterized in that

    the upper guide (26) comprises rollers (48), a roller rail (44) or at least one sliding element (54), and the upper guide element (22) comprises a rail or U-rail (42), or

    the upper guide (26) comprises a rail or a U-rail (42), and the upper guide element comprises rollers (48), a roller rail (44), or at least one sliding element (54),

    wherein axes of the rollers (48), the roller rail (44), or the at least one sliding element (54), and the rail or U-rail (42) are arranged at an angle with respect to the window surface,

    so that an upper side of the sliding window/door wing (4) is swung out or swung in when the sliding window/door wing (4) is lifted or lowered by adjusting the lower guide (24) and/or the lower guide element (20).