EP4426924A1 - Circuit de refroidissement à basse pression - Google Patents
Circuit de refroidissement à basse pressionInfo
- Publication number
- EP4426924A1 EP4426924A1 EP22812602.5A EP22812602A EP4426924A1 EP 4426924 A1 EP4426924 A1 EP 4426924A1 EP 22812602 A EP22812602 A EP 22812602A EP 4426924 A1 EP4426924 A1 EP 4426924A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- cooling circuit
- electric motor
- cooling liquid
- stator
- coolant
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P11/00—Component parts, details, or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01P1/00 - F01P9/00
- F01P11/02—Liquid-coolant filling, overflow, venting, or draining devices
- F01P11/029—Expansion reservoirs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
- B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
- H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
- B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
- B60Y2400/00—Special features of vehicle units
- B60Y2400/60—Electric Machines, e.g. motors or generators
- B60Y2400/607—Axial flux machines
Definitions
- the present invention generally relates to the cooling of electrical or thermal machines.
- the invention finds a particularly advantageous application in the cooling of electrical machines, and in particular in that of electrical machines with axial flux.
- a motor unit comprising an electric motor and a cooling circuit for the electric motor, the input and output of which are connected to the electric motor and which comprises a coolant pump, a heat exchanger, and a expansion tank.
- An electric or hybrid motor vehicle comprises an electric machine for its propulsion.
- the electrical machine may be of the axial flux type and comprise a casing which houses a disc-shaped rotor flanked by one or two stators.
- Each stator comprises a disc-shaped frame on one face of which teeth rise, and coils of electric wires wound around the teeth.
- Such an expansion vessel generally comprises a rigid container, closed by a plug equipped with a pressure relief valve, allowing the air contained in the vessel to be evacuated when its pressure exceeds a threshold, and a valve of depression making it possible to enter air into the vessel when the pressure there is below another threshold.
- the disadvantage is that it is then difficult to find a solution making it possible, when the pressure increases, to guarantee a good seal in the electric motor (to prevent the oil from escaping from the intended path) and a homogeneous flow through the various stator slots (to obtain homogeneous cooling of the various motor coils).
- the present invention proposes a solution in which the pressure of the cooling liquid remains low, which reduces the sealing problems.
- an expansion vessel is proposed as defined in the introduction, in which there is provided a deformable membrane which is adapted to match the shape of the surface of the coolant.
- This deformable membrane separates the coolant from the outside air. [0017] It is designed to deform so as to absorb on its own the variations in volume of the coolant in the cooling circuit.
- the pressure of the oil at the level of the expansion tank remains substantially equal to atmospheric pressure.
- the pressure at each point of the cooling circuit depends on this pressure. Therefore, the coolant pressure at any point of the electric motor remains limited and does not vary from moment to moment. As a result, the tightness of the cooling circuit is easier to guarantee.
- said deformable membrane delimits two compartments in the container, including a compartment adapted to contain the cooling liquid, and a compartment which has a vent opening;
- said membrane is elastically stretchable
- - Said membrane is made of a flexible material and has folds or undulations.
- the invention also relates to an engine unit as defined in the introduction, the expansion tank is as mentioned above.
- the motor unit according to the invention taken individually or according to all technically possible combinations, are as follows:
- the electric motor comprises a casing, a rotor and a stator which is equipped with coils delimiting between them stator slots;
- the casing delimits an annular collector whose inlet is connected to the outlet of the cooling circuit and which opens into each of the stator notches via separate openings;
- the coolant is an oil.
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a motor unit according to the invention.
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the expansion tank of the engine group of Figure 1;
- FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the electric motor of the motor unit of Figure 1;
- FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the variation in coolant pressure along the cooling circuit and the electric motor of the engine unit of Figure 1.
- a motor unit 10 which comprises an electric motor 200 and a cooling circuit 100 of the electric motor 200.
- the cooling circuit 100 mainly comprises a pump 110 and a heat exchanger 120 which are connected in series with the electric motor 200 by means of pipes, as well as an expansion vessel 150 which is connected to one of the aforementioned conduct.
- the pump 110 could take various forms. This is a gear-type pump, the inlet of which is directly connected to the electric motor 200 by a first pipe 131 and the outlet of which is directly connected to the heat exchanger 120 by a second pipe 132.
- the heat exchanger 120 has an output directly connected to the electric motor 200 by a third pipe 133. It could be an air or water exchanger, in which the cooling of the coolant circulating in the cooling circuit 100 would therefore be by air or by water.
- the expansion vessel 150 is itself connected by a fourth pipe 134 to the first pipe 131.
- the expansion tank 150 comprises a container 151 of any shape, for example parallelepiped, suitable for receiving coolant.
- This container 151 is for example made of plastic material, in a single piece or in several elements assembled together.
- This container 151 internally houses a deformable membrane 152 which defines two compartments 158, 159 in the container 151, separated in a sealed manner.
- One of these compartments is designed to receive only coolant. It has an opening 154 on the edge of which is connected the fourth conduit 154.
- the other of these compartments is intended to be filled with air.
- the deformable membrane 152 then serves as an interface between the coolant and the air.
- This membrane is described as "deformable” in the sense that it does not obstacle to filling or emptying the lower compartment 158. More specifically here, during operation of the electric motor 200 at full load, when the coolant increases in volume until it reaches a maximum volume, the deformable membrane 152 is designed to deform easily enough so that the coolant pressure varies little or not (less than 0.1 bar).
- the membrane in practice, provision could be made for the membrane to be stretchable, like a balloon that is inflated.
- the deformable membrane 152 is rather flexible and it has an irregular shape, with folds or undulations, which allows it to match the shape of the surface of the coolant. , regardless of the volume of liquid contained in the first compartment 158.
- a means 153 for regulating the air pressure in the upper compartment 159 is provided to ensure that the pressure of the air contained therein does not vary or varies little (less than 0.1 bar).
- this means of regulation is a simple venting opening 153 which, when the coolant level rises in the container 151, allows the air contained in the upper compartment 159 to escape. evacuate so that its pressure remains equal to atmospheric pressure.
- the filling of the cooling circuit 100 can be done via a plug provided not in the expansion tank, but at a distance from it.
- the lower compartment 158 does not contain air and then that it does not fill with air.
- the electric motor 200 to be cooled is preferably an axial flux type motor.
- This electric motor 200 conventionally comprises a motor shaft, a casing 231, one or preferably two stators 201 fixed to the casing, and a disk-shaped rotor, which is located between the stators and which is fixed to the shaft. -engine. This configuration makes it possible, when the stators are supplied with electric current, to rotate the motor shaft around an axis of rotation.
- this stator 201 includes a flange 202 in the form of disc centered on the axis of rotation, which is pierced in its center by a central opening 204 through which the motor shaft passes. It is also pierced on its periphery by openings 203 for fixing the flange to the casing 231 .
- the flange 202 thus has a substantially circular peripheral edge, and two flat faces. One of these faces, the one facing the rotor, carries teeth 205 (or "studs") projecting from the flange 202.
- teeth 205 are distributed all around the central opening 204.
- these coils 220 make it possible to generate an oriented magnetic field parallel to the axis of rotation, so as to force the rotor to rotate around this axis.
- stator notches 210 extend in length along a radial axis with respect to the axis of rotation, and they have sections that are substantially identical (except for manufacturing dispersions).
- the aforementioned cooling circuit 100 is then designed to cool the coolant before passing it through the stator 201 of the electric motor 200, via these stator slots 210.
- the cooling liquid then used is preferably oil, which makes it possible to pass this liquid against the coils 220 of electric wire without fear of an electrical problem.
- the casing 231 of the electric motor 200 then has an input 232 connected to the third pipe 133, and an output connected to the first pipe 131.
- this casing 231 delimits a chamber for receiving the rotor and the stators. It comprises for this a side wall substantially of revolution around the axis of rotation.
- This side wall is partly hollow, so as to internally delimit a toroidal space, called the oil manifold 230, into which the oil inlet 232 opens and which allows the oil to be distributed to each of the stator notches. 210.
- This oil collector 230 preferably has a symmetry of revolution around the axis of rotation.
- the section of this oil collector could be substantially round or square. However, for reasons of size (the thickness of the side wall of the casing being limited), it will rather have a flattened shape (rectangular or oval).
- this oil collector 230 is defined inside the side wall of the casing 131, which can for example come from a foundry, the pressure which reigns there does not pose any difficulty with respect to its tightness.
- the oil collector 230 is connected to the stator slots 210 via openings (not visible) provided in the housing 231 and via openings 211 (visible in Figure 3) which are made in the flange 202 of the stator 201 and the number of which is equal to the number of teeth 205.
- the oil when it emerges from these openings 211, is in a space which extends over the outer periphery of the coils 220 and which is delimited, on one side, by these coils, and, on the the other, by the casing 231 (or by a sealing wall).
- Means are then provided for separating this space into as many angular sectors as there are coils 220. These means are here formed by partition walls 206.
- each stator notch 210 is supplied with oil via its own opening 211.
- Each opening 211 has a reduced size, which has the function of creating a high pressure drop on the circulation of the oil.
- This pressure drop created by the opening 211 can be supplemented by a reduction in the section of the passage (called the nozzle orifice) of the fluid made in the passage portion between the outlet of the collector and the opening 211.
- the advantage of this solution is not to reduce the diameter of the opening 211 too much, because the smaller this diameter, the higher the speed of the fluid at the outlet of the opening 211. Overspeed (greater than 3 m/s) can cause damage to the coils which have a layer of fragile varnish for their electrical insulation.
- the oil flow rates in the different stator slots 210 are substantially identical.
- the section of these openings is for example between 4 and 20 mm 2 , whereas that of the oil collector is between 50 and 200 mm 2 .
- This pressure drop also has the effect of reducing the oil pressure in the stator slots 210, so that it is easier to seal these slots. [0078] Due to manufacturing variations, it happens that the sections of the stator slots 210 are not all exactly identical.
- the openings 211 and the partition walls 206 are then arranged with respect to the entries of the stator slots 210 so as to form baffles 212 between each opening 211 and each slot entry, forcing the oil to change twice. of management.
- baffles 212 then make it possible to participate in the homogenization of the oil flow between the various stator slots 210, and therefore to ensure uniform cooling of the various coils 220.
- stator slots 210 The oil, when it comes out of these stator slots 210, is found in a space delimited between the coils 220 and the motor shaft (or between sealing walls). It can then come out through a single, large section outlet 219, connected to the cooling circuit 210.
- the abscissa axis L represents the curvilinear abscissa of the path taken by the oil
- the ordinate axis P represents the oil pressure
- the oil pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure PO thanks to the particular architecture of the expansion tank 150.
- the output of the notches is designed to generate minimal pressure drops, so that at the level of the output opening 219 (abscissa L6), the pressure P6 is almost equal to atmospheric pressure.
- the expansion vessel could comprise a container in the shape of a bowl, closed at the top by the deformable membrane.
- the deformable membrane would then no longer be in a closed enclosure, but would be in direct contact with the outside.
- the container of the expansion vessel could be formed by the deformable membrane itself, which would then take the form of an inflatable balloon attached to the chassis of the vehicle.
- the electric motor could be, not with axial flux, but with radial flux.
- such an engine comprises coils of electric wire wound around radial axes, which delimit between them notches through which it is possible to pass a coolant.
- the coolant could be, not oil, but water. In this variant, it will then be necessary to provide means to seal off the water from the electric coils.
- the cooling circuit could be equipped with a degassing vessel making it possible to purge the coolant of its air bubbles.
- This degassing vessel may possibly be fitted with a plug to allow the cooling circuit to be filled with oil.
- the degassing vessel may comprise an oil inlet and an oil outlet, and be connected to the cooling circuit 100 in parallel with the electric motor 200 (with the inlet connected to the third line 133 and the output connected to the first pipe 131).
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2111633A FR3128668B1 (fr) | 2021-11-02 | 2021-11-02 | Circuit de refroidissement à basse pression |
| PCT/EP2022/080541 WO2023078922A1 (fr) | 2021-11-02 | 2022-11-02 | Circuit de refroidissement à basse pression |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4426924A1 true EP4426924A1 (fr) | 2024-09-11 |
Family
ID=79171000
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22812602.5A Pending EP4426924A1 (fr) | 2021-11-02 | 2022-11-02 | Circuit de refroidissement à basse pression |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20250223918A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4426924A1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN118202140A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3128668B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023078922A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11936256B2 (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2024-03-19 | Jacobi Motors, Llc | Flux-mnemonic permanent magnet synchronous machine and magnetizing a flux-mnemonic permanent magnet synchronous machine |
| US12558980B2 (en) | 2023-11-09 | 2026-02-24 | Jacobi Motors, Llc | Integrated variable flux memory motor charger |
| US12614998B2 (en) | 2024-03-04 | 2026-04-28 | Jacobi Motors, Llc | System for multi-variable flux memory motor configuration |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2285960A (en) * | 1940-08-02 | 1942-06-09 | Carl J Fechheimer | Dynamoelectric machine |
| US3076479A (en) * | 1960-11-02 | 1963-02-05 | Ottung Kai | Expansion means for self-contained liquid circulating systems |
| FR2823382B1 (fr) | 2001-04-04 | 2003-08-22 | Renault Sas | Moteur electrique comprenant un systeme de refroidissement perfectionne |
| FR2884970B1 (fr) * | 2005-04-26 | 2007-08-24 | Renault Sas | Vase d'expansion et de degazage pour circuit de liquide de refroidissement, et procede associe |
| DE102006049326A1 (de) * | 2006-10-19 | 2008-04-30 | Siemens Ag | Gekapselte elektrische Maschine mit flüssigkeitsgekühltem Stator |
| DE102010009757A1 (de) * | 2010-03-01 | 2011-08-25 | Voith Patent GmbH, 89522 | Fahrzeugkühlkreislauf mit einem hydrodynamischen Retarder |
| US10669924B2 (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2020-06-02 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Coolant pressure regulator system |
| DE102018214899B3 (de) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-12-24 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Kühlsystem eines Verbrennungsmotors eines Kraftfahrzeugs, bei dem eine Blasenbildung im Kühlmittelfluss wirksam verhindert wird |
| DE112020002382T5 (de) * | 2019-05-14 | 2022-01-27 | Nidec Corporation | Wechselrichtereinheit und motoreinheit |
-
2021
- 2021-11-02 FR FR2111633A patent/FR3128668B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-11-02 US US18/705,351 patent/US20250223918A1/en active Pending
- 2022-11-02 WO PCT/EP2022/080541 patent/WO2023078922A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-11-02 CN CN202280073489.8A patent/CN118202140A/zh active Pending
- 2022-11-02 EP EP22812602.5A patent/EP4426924A1/fr active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN118202140A (zh) | 2024-06-14 |
| US20250223918A1 (en) | 2025-07-10 |
| WO2023078922A1 (fr) | 2023-05-11 |
| FR3128668B1 (fr) | 2025-03-07 |
| FR3128668A1 (fr) | 2023-05-05 |
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