EP4402755A1 - Réseau antennaire reconfigurable - Google Patents
Réseau antennaire reconfigurableInfo
- Publication number
- EP4402755A1 EP4402755A1 EP22772538.9A EP22772538A EP4402755A1 EP 4402755 A1 EP4402755 A1 EP 4402755A1 EP 22772538 A EP22772538 A EP 22772538A EP 4402755 A1 EP4402755 A1 EP 4402755A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- antenna array
- ports
- antenna
- elementary
- pair
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
- H01Q5/314—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors
- H01Q5/321—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way using frequency dependent circuits or components, e.g. trap circuits or capacitors within a radiating element or between connected radiating elements
Definitions
- TITLE Reconfigurable antenna array
- the present invention relates to a reconfigurable antenna array comprising a plurality of identical elementary meshes, each mesh having at least one symmetry, in particular a square mesh, and comprising a radiating element having: at least four ports distributed two by two on either side of each median of a mesh side.
- the invention also relates to a ground-penetrating radar comprising such a reconfigurable antenna array.
- the invention lies in the field of antenna arrays, in particular miniature antenna arrays capable of responding to numerous constraints in terms of bandwidth, multi-polarization, decoupling, antenna density, etc.
- the invention relates to the family of networked antennas with reconfigurable electromagnetic properties comprising a plurality of identical elementary meshes, also called pixels of the antenna array considered, an elementary mesh or pixel corresponding to the pattern of the network reproduced identically on the entire antenna array by translation along one or two dimensions.
- a mesh is suitable for being smaller in size than an antenna element (i.e. antenna) of the network as such, an antenna element suitable for providing radiation according to one or two distinct polarizations being suitable for corresponding to a combination comprising one to several elementary meshes.
- a dipole strand constitutes the unit cell of a dipole corresponding to an antenna element as such.
- the present invention aims to make optimum use of the network surface occupied by the radiating elements of each elementary mesh of the network and falls more particularly within the field of application of antenna networks with shared radiating elements to produce reconfigurable antennas in frequency, geometry or even in polarization.
- antenna arrays with shared radiating elements are known as described in particular in documents US 5,926,137, EP 3 105 818, and US 2012/0146869 A1.
- the excitation position of each of the radiating elements is unique, which blocks the modularity and the obtaining of multiple radiation configurations from the same antenna array.
- the antenna array disclosed in document EP 3 105 818 discloses a possible reconfiguration in terms of geometry and position in imposing a predetermined and identical number of radiating elements forming each antenna and a common polarization, namely the circular polarization obtained thanks to an ad hoc power supply network.
- the antenna array disclosed in document US 2012/0146869 A1 proposes an antenna array with simultaneous dual polarization with specific and non-reconfigurable common mode excitation such that such an antenna array is not easily reconfigurable in frequency either. .
- the object of the invention is to remedy the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing an alternative network architecture of antenna network to allow optimal exploitation of the available network surface of radiating elements and the synthesis of antenna networks (i.e. multi antennas) both reconfigurable in frequency in order in particular to sequentially access a very wide band, for example of several octaves, and/or reconfigurable in polarization in order in particular to address two orthogonal polarizations for example along an axis Ox and an axis Oy respectively.
- the invention proposes a reconfigurable antenna array comprising a plurality of identical elementary meshes, each mesh having at least one symmetry, in particular a square mesh, and comprising a radiating element having: at least four ports distributed two by two on either side and on the other side of each median on one mesh side, the antenna array further comprising a reconfigurable switching circuit suitable for generating three distinct connection states between each port of each pair of facing ports, each port of a pair belonging to two distinct elementary cells, vertically superimposed or horizontally adjacent, within said antenna array.
- the antenna network architecture proposed according to the present invention allows, via the geometry of the elementary mesh combined with the reconfigurable switching circuit, the sequential selection of the arrangement of the excitations of each unitary radiating element located within a mesh element of said antenna array.
- the antenna array architecture proposed according to this invention makes it possible to act on the way of connecting the elementary meshes together to obtain the desired radiation in terms of polarization, phase center, density of radiating elements, inter-radiating element distance of the network, frequency bands , etc.
- each port also called RF radiofrequency access
- each port is capable of being powered via the reconfigurable switching circuit, distinctly from one port to another, by a RF signal source or receiver.
- the antenna array according to the present invention can also have one or more of the characteristics below, taken independently or according to all the technically possible combinations:
- the radiating element within the elementary mesh corresponds to a circular pattern
- At least one antenna of said antenna array is formed of at least two vertically and/or horizontally contiguous elementary meshes, said at least two contiguous elementary meshes being connected, via said reconfigurable switching circuit, by means of a connection in the state of excitation of the ports of the pair of ports facing said at least two contiguous elementary meshes;
- said antenna array is square and formed of four contiguous elementary meshes two by two, vertically and horizontally, and capable of being excited according to four distinct configurations, associated respectively, via said reconfigurable switching circuit, with a distinct arrangement of one configuration to another, of connections between each port of each pair of facing ports, each port of a pair belonging to two distinct elementary meshes superimposed vertically or horizontally within said square part formed of four meshes elements contiguous two by two, vertically and horizontally;
- - at least one antenna of said antenna array is H-shaped and comprises two identical vertical branches, each comprising at least five vertically contiguous elementary meshes, the two identical vertical branches being connected to each other by a horizontal central branch comprising at least four horizontally contiguous unit cells, each unit cell located at one of the ends of the horizontal central branch corresponding respectively to the third elementary mesh of each of the two vertical branches;
- said H-shaped antenna is capable of being excited, via the switching circuit, by means of a connection in the excited state of the ports of the pair of ports facing said at least two contiguous elementary meshes centers of said horizontal central branch, the ports facing other contiguous elementary meshes forming said H-shaped antenna being placed in a short-circuit state, the ports facing elementary meshes of said external network to said H-shaped antenna being placed in an open circuit state.
- the reconfigurable switching circuit comprises an electronic assembly comprising at least:
- balun configured to transform an electrical input signal into differential mode
- each unit cell is placed in an electromagnetic cubic cavity
- each electronic assembly associated with each pair of facing ports is integrated within a metal wall of said cubic cavity, said wall separating said ports of said pair.
- the invention also relates to a ground-penetrating radar comprising such a reconfigurable antenna array.
- Figure 1 schematically illustrates an elementary mesh and a first example of antenna array or part of antenna array according to one embodiment of the invention
- Figure 2 illustrates four distinct radiation configurations associated with the same antenna array part
- Figure 3 illustrates another example of an antenna array according to one embodiment of the invention, the array comprising three types of sequentially selectable antennas;
- FIG 4 Figure 4 illustrates the reconfigurable switching circuit of the antenna array proposed according to the present invention
- FIG 5 Figure 5 illustrates the application of the antenna array according to the present invention to a ground penetrating radar.
- FIG. 1 first of all schematically illustrates the geometry of an elementary mesh 10, also called a pixel, of an antenna array according to the present invention.
- each elementary mesh 10 i.e. pixel
- each elementary mesh is, according to the embodiment of FIG. 1, square and comprises a radiating element 12.
- each elementary mesh has a shape distinct from the square shape of FIG. 1, such a distinct shape having at least one symmetry such as a rhombus, an octagon, a disc, etc.
- a square unit cell is optimal in terms of radiant surface filling.
- the radiating element 12 within the square mesh corresponds to a conductive circular pattern.
- Such a circular pattern has symmetry along the two diagonals Di and D 2 of said 10 mesh square.
- any other form of radiating element suitable for being housed within the square elementary mesh 10 is suitable for use provided that this form also has a symmetry according to the two diagonals Di and D 2 of said 10 mesh square.
- the radiating element 12 also has four ports (also called RF radio frequency access) Pi, P 2 , P 3 , P4 distributed two by two on either side of each horizontal and vertical median MH Mv of the elementary mesh square 10. More specifically, in the example of FIG. 1, the ports Pi and P3 are located at each end, respectively left and right, of the horizontal median MH of the radiating element 12, and the ports P 2 and P4 are located at each end, respectively upper and lower, of the vertical median Mv of the radiating element 12.
- ports Pi and P3 are located at each end, respectively left and right, of the horizontal median MH of the radiating element 12
- the ports P 2 and P4 are located at each end, respectively upper and lower, of the vertical median Mv of the radiating element 12.
- Such an elementary mesh geometry A reproduced identically over the whole of the antenna array by translation along one or two dimensions makes the antenna array according to the present invention modular (i.e. reconfigurable in particular in terms of radiation), because it allows a selection sequence of the radiating elements 12 to be excited via a reconfigurable switching circuit (also called the antenna array power supply network), not shown, capable of controlling the individual connection of each RF radio frequency access port.
- a reconfigurable switching circuit also called the antenna array power supply network
- each port can be powered by an RF signal source or receiver, which makes the application of the present invention compatible with a multi-antenna network, in particular of the MIMO type, because the location of the excitation as such is then reconfigurable.
- each unit cell (10) is placed in a cubic electromagnetic cavity, for example of dimension
- the cavity height has a cavity height distinct from the cavity length and/or cavity width.
- GPR Ground Penetrating Radar
- FIG. 1 also illustrates a first example of an antenna array or of part 14 of an antenna array according to one embodiment of the invention
- this part 14 corresponds to a square antenna array formed of four elementary meshes 10 contiguous two to two, vertically and horizontally (i.e. vertically superimposed and horizontally adjacent).
- the antenna array corresponds to 2 x 2 elementary meshes 10.
- Such an antenna array 14 formed of four elementary meshes 10 has an area equal to L x L, with L the dimension of one of the four sides of the antenna array 14, an elementary mesh 10 having an equal area
- Part B of FIG. 1 makes it possible to illustrate the way of connecting the elementary meshes 10 (i.e. the pixels) to each other via the reconfigurable switching circuit proposed according to the present invention to obtain the desired radiation in terms of polarization, center of phase, etc
- the antenna array or part of the antenna array 14 comprises four pairs 16 of facing ports, namely:
- the reconfigurable switching circuit also called the antenna array power supply network
- the reconfigurable switching circuit makes it possible to individually excite each pair 16 of ports opposite the antenna array or part antenna array 14, so that in a modular manner from the antenna array or part of antenna array 14, it is possible according to the present invention to excite four separate antennas as illustrated below in relation to Figure 2, each antenna comprising two contiguous elementary meshes 10 (i.e. two contiguous pixels) being superimposed vertically, or adjacent horizontally, within the antenna array or part of the antenna array 14.
- the reconfigurable switching circuit (also called network of power supplies of the antenna network) of the antenna network is specifically capable of generating three distinct connection states between each port of each pair of ports facing each other. -vis, each state and associated electronic circuit being described below in relation to Figure 3.
- connection states correspond to a short circuit, an excitation and an open circuit.
- FIG. 2 illustrates four distinct radiation configurations Ci, C2, C3, C4 associated with the same antenna array part 14 previously illustrated on side B of FIG.
- the antenna which is excited is shown hatched and comprises two pixels (i.e. two elementary meshes 10) superimposed vertically, or adjacent horizontally within the antenna array or part of the array antenna 14 composed of four elementary meshes 10i, I O2, I O3 and I O4.
- the antenna 18, shown hatched is composed of elementary meshes 10i and 103 superposed (ie contiguous) vertically within the antenna array or part of antenna array 14, and connected, via said reconfigurable switching circuit, by means of a connection in the excited state 20 of the ports of the pair of ports facing said at least two contiguous elementary meshes 10i and 103, this excited pair 20 corresponding to the vertical pair left 16 of ports P4 and P2 facing each other, the port P4 belonging to the upper left elementary network mesh 10i while the port P2 belongs to the lower left elementary network mesh I O3.
- the other pairs 22 of facing ports within the antenna array or part of the antenna array 14 are maintained via said reconfigurable switching circuit in an open circuit state.
- the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit at the level of the pair of facing ports 20 produces an antenna 18 vertically polarized along the axis Oy represented via the arrows 24 in FIG. 2, the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit corresponding to the application of a potential difference between for example the potential 7/ associated with the port P2 of the mesh 103 and the potential 7 associated with the port P4 of the mesh 10i.
- the antenna 26, shown hatched is composed of elementary meshes 10i and I O2 horizontally adjacent (i.e. contiguous horizontally) within the antenna array or part of antenna array 14, and connected, via said circuit reconfigurable switching mode, by means of a connection in the excited state 28 of the ports of the pair of ports facing said at least two contiguous elementary meshes 10i and I O2, this excited pair 28 corresponding to the horizontal pair upper 16 of ports P3 and Pi facing each other, port P3 belonging to the upper left elementary network mesh 10i while port P3 belongs to the horizontally adjacent upper right elementary network mesh I O2.
- the other pairs 22 of facing ports within the antenna array or part of the antenna array 14 are maintained via said reconfigurable switching circuit in an open circuit state.
- the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit at the level of the pair of facing ports 28 produces an antenna 26 horizontally polarized along the axis Ox represented via the arrows 30 in FIG. 2, the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit corresponding to the application of a potential difference between for example the potential 7 associated with the port P3 of the mesh 10i and the potential 7/ associated with the port Pi of the mesh I O2.
- the antenna 32 is composed of elementary meshes I O2 and 104 superimposed (ie contiguous) vertically within the antenna array or part of antenna array 14, and connected, via said circuit of reconfigurable switching, by means of a connection in the excited state 34 of the ports of the pair of ports facing said at least two contiguous elementary meshes I O2 and 104, this excited pair 34 corresponding to the right vertical pair 16 of ports P4 and P2 facing each other, the port P4 belonging to the upper right elementary network mesh I O2 while the port P2 belongs to the lower right elementary network mesh I O4.
- the other pairs 22 of facing ports within the antenna array or part of the antenna array 14 are maintained via said reconfigurable switching circuit in an open circuit state.
- the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit at the level of the pair of facing ports 34 produces an antenna 18 vertically polarized along the axis Oy represented via the arrows 36 in FIG. 2, the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit corresponding to the application of a potential difference between for example the potential 7/ associated with the port P2 of the mesh 104 and the potential 7 associated with the port P4 of the mesh I O2.
- the antenna 38 is composed of elementary meshes I O3 and 104 adjacent horizontally (i.e. contiguous horizontally) within the antenna array or part of antenna array 14, and connected, via said circuit reconfigurable switching mode, by means of a connection in the excited state 40 of the ports of the pair of ports facing said at least two contiguous elementary meshes I O3 and 104, this excited pair 40 corresponding to the horizontal pair lower 16 of ports P3 and Pi facing each other, the port P3 belonging to the lower left elementary network mesh I O3 while the port P3 belongs to the horizontally adjacent, lower right elementary network mesh I O4.
- the other pairs 22 of facing ports within the antenna array or part of the antenna array 14 are maintained via said reconfigurable switching circuit in an open circuit state.
- the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit at the level of the pair of facing ports 40 produces an antenna 38 polarized horizontally along the axis Ox represented via the arrows 42 in FIG. 2, the excitation activated by the reconfigurable switching circuit corresponding to the application of a potential difference between for example the potential 7 associated with the port P3 of the mesh 103 and the potential 7/ associated with the port Pi of the mesh I O4.
- the antenna array or the antenna array part 14 is capable of providing two separate antennas 26 and 40 polarized along the Ox axis and two other separate antennas 18 and 32 polarized along the Oy axis, which provides reconfigurability in polarization (ie a modularity in polarization) of the antenna array or part of antenna array 14 thanks to a sequential selection of the arrangement of the excitations between the radiating elements of each elementary mesh constituting said antenna array or said part of antenna array 14.
- the antenna array or part of antenna array 14 makes it possible, from four distinct elementary cells 10i, 102, 103 and 104 to selectively obtain four distinct antennas 18, 26, 32 and 38, including two antennas 18 and 32 are associated with vertical polarization, while two other antennas 26 and 38 are associated with horizontal polarization.
- Such modularity is advantageous and allows optimal surface exploitation of the antenna array or said part of the antenna array 14, in particular with respect to the technical solutions disclosed in documents US 5,926,137 and EP 3,105,818 which notably require the use of four meshes separate elements to create a single antenna.
- the principle of the shared radiating element is implemented, the radiating element of the elementary mesh 10i being for example shared between the antenna 18 and the antenna 26 respectively associated with configurations Ci and C2.
- the pixel i.e. elementary mesh 10
- the access points i.e. ports
- Such modularity makes it possible to create other examples of antenna arrays such as the one illustrated in Figure 3, of enlarged dimension 4L x 4L, an elementary mesh 10 (i.e. array pixel) having an equal area
- an elementary mesh 10 i.e. array pixel having an equal area
- such an antenna array is versatile in terms of possible antenna configurations and comprises for example at least three distinct types of antennas 44, 46, 48, which can be synthesized simultaneously or preferentially, in order to avoid the use of the same pixel on two different antennas, or a coupling between antennas due to their proximity, such a coupling being capable of modifying the performance of each antenna, selected sequentially, via the reconfigurable switching circuit of the antenna network according to the present invention, each antenna being composed of at least two network pixels (ie elementary mesh 10), the antenna 44 being formed of eight vertically superimposed pixels, the antenna 46 being formed of two vertically superimposed pixels, and the antenna 48 having an H-shape and comprising two identical vertical branches, each comprising at least five elementary meshes (ie pixels) vertically contiguous, the two identical vertical branches being connected to one another by a horizontal central branch comprising at least four horizontally contiguous elementary meshes, each elementary mesh located at one of the ends of the horizontal central branch corresponding respectively to the third elementary mesh of each
- FIG. 3 aims to illustrate the possibility according to the present invention of producing a plurality of antenna shapes and/or geometries by combining unit cells and reciprocal adaptation of the switching circuit, which corresponds optimal exploitation of the proposed elementary meshes.
- the present invention allows the production of any antenna shape or geometry meeting a specific need, including shapes/geometries distinct from those presented and illustrated by way of example in FIGS. 2 and 3 .
- Each of these antennas 44, 46, 48 are produced by applying to each port of each pair of ports facing the elementary meshes of the entire antenna array of FIG. 3 one of the three distinct connection states specific to be selected by the reconfigurable switching circuit implemented specifically according to the present invention, namely a short-circuit state 50, an excitation state 52 or even an open-circuit state 54.
- an excitation 52 is applied between the opposite accesses (i.e. ports) of the fourth and fifth vertical pixels, a short-circuit 50 is applied between the other pixels constituting the antenna 44, while all the ports not concerned (i.e. adjacent to pixels of the antenna array outside the antenna 44) are left open circuit 54.
- the ports P3 as represented in FIG. 1
- the ports P3 as represented in FIG. 1 of each of the eight vertical pixels constituting the antenna 44 are in an open circuit state 54 with the ports Pi of the horizontally adjacent set of eight following vertical pixels along a horizontal direction Ox.
- an excitation 52 is applied between the accesses (i.e. ports) opposite P2 and P4 belonging respectively to the lower pixel and upper pixel of the antenna 46, the other ports being in an open circuit state 54 (not shown so as not to load the figure).
- the H-shaped antenna 48 is adapted to be driven, via the reconfigurable switching circuit implemented specifically according to the present invention, by means of an excitation state connection 52 of the ports of the pair of screw ports. -in relation to said at least two contiguous central elementary meshes of the horizontal central branch of the H, the ports facing the other contiguous elementary meshes forming said H-shaped antenna 48 being placed in a short-circuit state 50 , the ports facing elementary meshes of said network external to said H-shaped antenna 48 all being placed in an open circuit state 54 (although this is not explicitly shown in FIG. 3 so as not to overload the figure 3).
- FIG. 4 illustrates the reconfigurable switching circuit of the antenna array proposed according to the present invention.
- Such a reconfigurable switching circuit allows a high degree of reconfigurability and involves only three connection states (ie mode) at the level of the ports (ie access) of each elementary mesh (ie pixel). These three modes correspond to short-circuit 50, excitation 52 and open-circuit 54. For this, a switching circuit is connected between each corresponding access (ie port).
- the architecture of the switching circuit presented in FIG. 4 illustrates that the reconfigurable switching circuit according to the present invention comprises an electronic assembly comprising at least:
- balun 58 configured to transform an electrical input signal into differential mode
- an input signal 56 is transformed into differential mode thanks to the balun 58, each of whose two differential outputs V and 7 C “ are respectively transmitted, via a transmission line 60, to the input of each single pole switch has one input and two SPDT 62 outputs.
- Each unipolar switch with one input and two SPDT outputs 62 has two outputs, one connected via a resistive load 64, for example 50 Ohm to ground, and the other connected both to the input of the unipolar switch to single throw SPST 66, and at potential 7 for the unipolar switch with one input and two outputs SPDT 62 connected at the input to the differential output 7 C + , and respectively at potential 7/ for the unipolar switch with one input and two outputs SPDT 62 connected at the input to the differential output 7 C “.
- a resistive load 64 for example 50 Ohm to ground
- the differential outputs 7 C + and Vc are directed to the resistive loads 64, and the SPST single-throw switch 66 is closed.
- differential outputs 7 C + and 7 C “ are directed to potentials 7 and 7/ respectively, and SPST single-throw switch 66 is open.
- the differential outputs C + and 7 C ′′ are directed to the resistive loads 64, respectively, and the SPST single-throw switch 66 is open.
- FIG. 5 illustrates the electromagnetic simulation environment 68 of the application of the antenna array according to the present invention to a ground-penetrating radar.
- a power supply 70 supplies such a ground penetrating radar 72 GPR (Ground Penetrating Rada) capable of allowing the study of the composition and structure of the ground, and especially the detection and the location of objects buried within the ground.
- GPR Ground Penetrating Rada
- the radiating element 12 of FIG. 1 corresponding to a circular pattern is replaced by an alternative quasi-rectangular shape, the pixel geometry having, according to this example, been optimized to minimize the reflection coefficient of the antenna 80 seen from above represented in hatched form and composed of two pixels each comprising such a quasi-rectangular radiating element represented with a dotted texture within the pixel (ie elementary mesh) of square shape whose side measures for example 100mm if although an antenna array 78 consisting of four contiguous elementary meshes two by two, similarly to the antenna array of FIG. 2, vertically and horizontally, occupies a flat surface equal to 200 mm ⁇ 200 mm.
- each elementary mesh is advantageously placed in a cubic electromagnetic cavity, in order to focus the radiation from the antenna array towards the ground and avoid any interference with RF applications above ground.
- the cavity height is 100 mm.
- the antenna must have the lowest time dispersion in order to avoid overlap between the direct coupling between the Tx transmission antenna and the reception Rx and also the echo of the target, to reduce time dispersion, four resistive loads not shown in FIG. 5 are in particular added between the pixel and the four upper corners of the cavity surrounding it.
- each electronic assembly of the reconfigurable switching circuit specifically proposed according to the present invention, and associated with each pair of facing ports is integrated within a metal wall of said cubic cavity, said wall separating said ports of said pair, as illustrated in the side view 82 of the wall of Figure 5 where the reconfigurable switching circuit 84 specifically proposed according to the present invention and its power supply 86 are integrated.
- Such use of the walls of cavities makes it possible to produce transmission lines.
- an antenna array with dual polarization and comprising four elementary meshes (2 ⁇ 2) making it possible to obtain four distinct configurations of antennas, namely two antennas horizontally polarized and two vertically polarized antennas
- an application 68 of the antenna array to a ground-penetrating radar is likely to require an ultra-wideband ULB multi-antenna system enabled by an antenna array according to the present invention comprising other configurations of antenna (in polarization and/or geometry).
- another antenna array according to the present invention comprising three distinct antenna geometries not shown, namely vertical with two pixels, vertical with four pixels, and in H with two identical horizontal branches, each comprising at least five elementary meshes ( i.e. pixels) horizontally contiguous, the two identical horizontal branches being connected to each other by a vertical central branch comprising at least four vertically contiguous unit cells, is suitable for use as an alternative to respond to other needs.
- These three geometries are sequentially selected via the reconfigurable switching circuit of the antenna array according to the present invention.
- These three distinct antenna geometries are in fact suitable for presenting useful UWB behaviors for the application referred to in FIG.
- the vertical antenna with four pixels and the aforementioned H-shaped antenna at two horizontal branches due to their greater electrical size, being in particular more effective in the low frequency bands making it possible to detect deep targets for a GPR application and presenting an improvement in the level of gain compared to a vertical antenna with two pixels.
- the antenna array according to the present invention has an architecture capable of being reconfigured as desired, depending on the application, to obtain a desired resolution or detection direction.
- the aforementioned H-shape is not optimal and is indicated above just by way of example, the architecture of the antenna array according to the present invention making it possible to exploit other antenna configurations having for example higher performance than the aforementioned H-shape on predetermined low frequency bands.
- the size of the antenna (formed of a plurality of elementary meshes according to the activated configuration) is a key element which defines its operating frequency, this which is an important parameter for GPR application.
- the geometric reconfiguration obtained thanks to the present invention, and as illustrated above also by FIG. 3 is capable of contributing significantly to improving the performance of a GPR system, this reconfiguration, providing a degree of freedom to synthesize antenna performance in accordance with the instantaneous system needs, and allowing the creation of even more antennas whose geometry is not limited to a specific number of pixels.
- the present invention thus makes it possible to reconfigure the antenna geometry according to the system need corresponding for example to the need and/or to move its operating frequency to widen the electrical size (height and/or width) of the antenna to increase its efficiency. of radiation and its gain, if necessary to move the phase center of the excited antenna on the surface of the grating, if necessary to increase the number of sources to densify (reduce the inter-element space (i.e.
- the elementary mesh size in order to to decrease the space between the antennas the reduction of the unit cell size implying a reduction of the inter-element space)) in the high frequency bands, if necessary to change the polarization of the unit cells to exploit the polarization properties , if necessary to load the ends of antennas to attenuate the phenomena of internal reflections at the end of the line suitable for deforming the signals emitted (English ringing) e n temporal (useful in ground radar applications) but also to attenuate inter-element coupling (i.e. between elementary meshes), while remaining reconfigurable at the request of the telecommunication or radar system capable of integrating the antenna array according to the present invention.
- an antenna array part comprising, according to a first example, 2 ⁇ 2 pixels can be designed in particular according to the present invention, from which it is possible to configure the excitation of neighboring accesses (i.e. ports) (i.e. facing each other), thanks to the integration of an RF switching circuit (otherwise called power supply network) for create four polarized antennas either according to Ox or according to Oy.
- an RF switching circuit otherwise called power supply network
- Such an RF switching circuit makes it possible to impose a specific excitation mode on each access (ie port) to excite antennas of larger electrical size and thus makes it possible to make optimal use of the surface occupied by the radiating elements, in particular for an application to an antenna array for ground radar (GPR), or to an antenna array for spectrum monitoring and direction finding, or even for any telecommunications or radar application where the spectrum is scanned by successive sub-bands or else using multiple polarizations successively.
- GPR ground radar
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
Description
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2109668A FR3127077B1 (fr) | 2021-09-15 | 2021-09-15 | Réseau antennaire reconfigurable |
| PCT/EP2022/075574 WO2023041607A1 (fr) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-09-14 | Réseau antennaire reconfigurable |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4402755A1 true EP4402755A1 (fr) | 2024-07-24 |
| EP4402755B1 EP4402755B1 (fr) | 2025-09-03 |
Family
ID=79601558
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22772538.9A Active EP4402755B1 (fr) | 2021-09-15 | 2022-09-14 | Réseau antennaire reconfigurable |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12586926B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4402755B1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3127077B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2023041607A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR3167485A1 (fr) * | 2024-10-15 | 2026-04-17 | Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives | Antenne pour radar à impulsions |
Family Cites Families (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2567797A (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 1997-10-29 | Johan Granholm | Dual polarization antenna array with very low cross polarization and low side lobes |
| US5926137A (en) | 1997-06-30 | 1999-07-20 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties | Foursquare antenna radiating element |
| US7151506B2 (en) * | 2003-04-11 | 2006-12-19 | Qortek, Inc. | Electromagnetic energy coupling mechanism with matrix architecture control |
| KR100735319B1 (ko) * | 2006-06-20 | 2007-07-04 | 삼성전자주식회사 | 휴대단말기의 안테나 잡음률 보정 방법 및 장치 |
| US8325093B2 (en) | 2009-07-31 | 2012-12-04 | University Of Massachusetts | Planar ultrawideband modular antenna array |
| US9391375B1 (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2016-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Wideband planar reconfigurable polarization antenna array |
| US10942262B2 (en) | 2014-02-12 | 2021-03-09 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Shared aperture antenna array |
| US10446923B2 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2019-10-15 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Antenna array with reduced mutual coupling effect |
| EP3400630B1 (fr) * | 2016-01-07 | 2022-09-28 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Antennes reconfigurables et leurs procédés de commande |
| CN110945719B (zh) * | 2017-07-18 | 2021-08-03 | 株式会社村田制作所 | 天线模块和通信装置 |
| US11374318B2 (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2022-06-28 | Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corporation | Butler matrix circuit, phased array antenna, front-end module, and wireless communication terminal |
| US11233337B2 (en) * | 2018-03-02 | 2022-01-25 | Samsung Electro-Mechanics Co., Ltd. | Antenna apparatus |
| US11128327B2 (en) * | 2019-08-31 | 2021-09-21 | Integrated Device Technology, Inc. | Principle and techniques for integrated TRX switch |
| EP3836301B1 (fr) * | 2019-12-09 | 2024-01-24 | NXP USA, Inc. | Réseau d'antenne multi-polarisé |
| JP7371602B2 (ja) * | 2020-10-14 | 2023-10-31 | 株式会社村田製作所 | アンテナモジュール及びアンテナ駆動方法 |
| US11539146B2 (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2022-12-27 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Circular polarized phased array with wideband axial ratio bandwidth using sequential rotation and dynamic phase recovery |
| US11916315B2 (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2024-02-27 | The Government Of The United States, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army | Circular disk with first and second edge openings |
-
2021
- 2021-09-15 FR FR2109668A patent/FR3127077B1/fr active Active
-
2022
- 2022-09-14 US US18/690,611 patent/US12586926B2/en active Active
- 2022-09-14 WO PCT/EP2022/075574 patent/WO2023041607A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2022-09-14 EP EP22772538.9A patent/EP4402755B1/fr active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20240421499A1 (en) | 2024-12-19 |
| FR3127077A1 (fr) | 2023-03-17 |
| FR3127077B1 (fr) | 2024-08-23 |
| WO2023041607A1 (fr) | 2023-03-23 |
| US12586926B2 (en) | 2026-03-24 |
| EP4402755B1 (fr) | 2025-09-03 |
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