EP4370868A1 - Procédé de mesure de l'expansion angulaire de rotor d'un rotor rotatif sous contrainte centrifuge - Google Patents

Procédé de mesure de l'expansion angulaire de rotor d'un rotor rotatif sous contrainte centrifuge

Info

Publication number
EP4370868A1
EP4370868A1 EP22750991.6A EP22750991A EP4370868A1 EP 4370868 A1 EP4370868 A1 EP 4370868A1 EP 22750991 A EP22750991 A EP 22750991A EP 4370868 A1 EP4370868 A1 EP 4370868A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distance
rotor
time
signals
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22750991.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Matthias Hartnagel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schenck RoTec GmbH
Original Assignee
Schenck RoTec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schenck RoTec GmbH filed Critical Schenck RoTec GmbH
Publication of EP4370868A1 publication Critical patent/EP4370868A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/21—Devices for sensing speed or position, or actuated thereby
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/22—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/32—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring the deformation in a solid

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for measuring the rotor angle-related expansion of a rotating rotor under centrifugal loading with only one sensor, with a further sensor being provided for measuring the expansion of a reference surface, of which the expansion and the surface profile are known and which is used to determine disturbance variables .
  • rotor vibrations can arise, which are contained in the distance signal generated by the distance sensor. These can be first-order vibrations caused by imbalance or impact. Furthermore, as a result of the influences of the rotor bearing, for example plain bearings, vibrations can occur whose frequency is lower or higher than that of first-order vibrations.
  • the center of the rotor about which the rotor oscillates, can shift at different speeds.
  • the rotor is mounted in a sleeve bearing, usually with a vertical axis of rotation, and can therefore move laterally and have different stable points at different speeds take in.
  • the influences mentioned and in particular the speed-dependent displacement of the rotor axis are known as disturbance variables or spurious vibrations and are superimposed on the measured distance signal and thereby influence the accuracy of the measurement result.
  • an optical mark is attached to the rotor, which triggers sensor signals, the time delay between the triggered signals of the three sensors in relation to the rotational frequency being used to determine the exact angular distance of the sensors.
  • the electrical output signals of the sensors are sampled at a sampling rate adapted to the rotor speed and adjusted depending on the rotational frequency in such a way that a certain number of measuring points is reached during one revolution of the rotor.
  • the center of mass and the radial expansion are then calculated by solving a system of linear equations, and finally an average value of the radial expansion for a rotor assumed to be a cylindrical measurement object is calculated from a larger number of consecutive measurement points. The rotor expansion is not determined based on the angle of rotation.
  • DE 101 44643 A1 describes a measuring system with a plurality of contactless measuring distance sensors connected to a stator of a rotor-stator system and arranged on a rotor Detection of a radial distance between the stator and the rotor two pairs of diametrically opposite distance sensors are arranged. To determine a displacement of the rotor, the measurement signals from the distance sensors of a pair are added with opposite signs. To determine a radial expansion of the rotor, the measurement signals from all four distance sensors are added together with a positive sign. Means for detecting a rotor expansion based on the angle of rotation are not provided.
  • DE 102013 110632 B4 discloses a method for measuring the expansion of a rotor using two distance sensors whose distance signals are calculated with one another in a complex manner.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for measuring the expansion of a rotating rotor as a function of the rotor speed, in which disturbance variables that occur can be easily eliminated.
  • a method for measuring the expansion of a rotating rotor as a function of the rotor speed in which a first distance sensor is arranged at a basic distance from the rotor surface, which measures the distance between the rotor surface and the first distance sensor in a time-related manner without contact and generates time-related electrical first distance signals, the rotor is assigned a zero mark sensor, which scans a zero mark attached to the rotor in a time-related manner and generates time-related electrical zero mark signals, the time-related first distance signals and the time-related zero mark signals being fed to an electrical evaluation device and processed by it, in that from the zero mark signals a speed and at each point in time angle of rotation assigned to a rotor rotation is calculated and each angle of rotation assigned to a point in time is combined with the simultaneous distance signal to form a distance signal related to the angle of rotation, and from this an expansion of the rotor that is dependent on the angle of rotation and the speed is calculated, with a first reference surface
  • a method for measuring the expansion of a rotating rotor as a function of the rotor speed in which a first distance sensor is arranged at a basic distance from the rotor surface, which measures the distance between the rotor surface and the first distance sensor in a time-related manner without contact detected and time-related electrical first distance signals generated, the rotor is assigned a zero mark sensor, which is attached to the rotor Scans the zero mark in a time-related manner and generates time-related electrical zero mark signals, with the time-related first distance signals and the time-related zero mark signals being fed to an electrical evaluation device and processed by the latter, in that a rotational speed and an angle of rotation assigned to each point in time of a rotor rotation are calculated from the zero mark signals and each angle of rotation assigned to a point in time is also calculated is combined with the simultaneous distance signal to form a distance signal related to the angle of rotation and from this a widening of the rotor dependent on the angle of rotation and the speed is calculated, with
  • a third distance sensor to be arranged at a basic distance from the first reference surface, which, without contact, detects the distance between the surface and the third distance sensor in relation to time and generates time-related electrical third distance signals which are fed to the electrical evaluation device and detect an inclination or tilting of the Rotor is eliminated as a disturbance variable by offsetting the second distance signals and the third distance signals and from the second distance signal the spurious vibrations remaining therein from the first distance signal of the first Distance sensor is removed.
  • a tilting of the rotor can be taken into account by determining this geometrically as a disturbance variable and eliminating it from the widening signal of the rotor with a correct weighting.
  • the invention makes it possible to determine the expansion of a rotor caused by centrifugal forces and dependent on the rotational speed for each point of the track of the rotor surface detected by the measurement determined by an angle of rotation relative to a zero point, taking into account occurring disturbance variables.
  • the interference variables can be determined in a simple manner at the same time as the actual distance measurement and subtracted from the distance measurements on the rotor. This enables a simple measurement with only a few sensors, which can be carried out quickly. With the known measurement methods, two sensors must be used for each rotor measurement track. In the case of the method according to the invention, on the other hand, one sensor per measurement track is sufficient.
  • the reference surface can be a component, part or region of the rotor.
  • the reference surface can also be a component, part or area of a component which can be connected to the rotor and of which the widening is known and which z. B. can be screwed to the rotor or otherwise fastened.
  • This can be a reference component with at least one reference surface, such as B. act a reference pin.
  • the widening of the reference surface can also be determined in advance in a separate measurement or be negligibly small due to the design of the surface.
  • At least one further, in particular fourth and fifth distance sensor is provided, which is arranged at a basic distance from one of the reference surfaces and, without contact, detects the distance between the surface and the fourth distance sensor in a time-related manner and generates time-related electrical fourth distance signals which are fed to the electrical evaluation device, the fourth distance sensor together with another of the distance sensors arranged on the reference surface are arranged at a different angle in the circumferential direction to the second and third sensors already introduced (preferably 90° or less).
  • the effect can be taken into account accordingly.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a device for measuring the expansion of a rotating rotor
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic measurement setup with two reference surfaces
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic measurement setup with a reference surface.
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary device for high-speed centrifugal spinning and for measuring the expansion of rotating rotors, which schematically explains one possibility of applying an embodiment of the invention.
  • the device comprises a cylindrical protective case 1 which accommodates and surrounds the rotating rotor during a measuring run.
  • the protective container 1 can be closed with a cover 2, on the top of which lying outside of the protective container 1 a gear 3 with a shaft 4 is arranged.
  • the shaft 4 passes through the cover 2 and has a flange on the underside of the cover 2 for fastening a rotor 5 to be measured.
  • the shaft 4 is driven by an electric motor 6 which is connected to the transmission 3 via a belt drive 7 .
  • the cover 2 is on an arm 8 of a hydraulic lifting unit 9 attached, through which the lid 2 can be lifted from the protective container 1 and placed on it.
  • the hydraulic control of the lifting unit 9 is accommodated in a housing 10 which is arranged on the frame of the lifting unit 9 .
  • the closed protective container 1 can be evacuated by means of a vacuum pump 11 in order to avoid drive losses and excessive heating of the container interior.
  • An electrical control unit 12 is used to control the electric motor 6, the lifting unit 9 and the vacuum pump 11.
  • a contactless measuring distance sensor 14 can be attached to the cover 2 at a small distance from the rotor surface.
  • a further distance sensor 15 can be arranged at a distance from a schematically indicated component with a reference surface, here a pin. The arrangement is also shown schematically in FIG.
  • a zero point sensor 16 which scans a zero mark on the shaft 4 is arranged on the cover 2 next to an exposed section of the shaft 4 .
  • the scanning of the zero mark also applies to the rotor 5, since the rotor 5 is firmly connected to the shaft 4 with the aid of the flange.
  • the distance sensors 14, 15 and the zero point sensor 16 are connected by lines, not shown, to an evaluation device 17 which includes a computer programmed with an evaluation program.
  • the distance sensors 14, 15 generate analog voltages which are converted into digital distance signals at the input of the evaluation device 17.
  • the voltage signal from the zero point sensor 16 is also digitized.
  • the cover 2 is placed on the protective container 1 by the lifting unit 9.
  • the rotor 5 and the distance sensors 14, 15 thus reach the interior of the protective container 1, so that now, controlled by the control unit 12, Measurement runs can be carried out.
  • the rotor 5 is driven by the electric motor 6 via the gear 3 and the shaft 4 and rotated at different speeds.
  • the rotor 5 is then accelerated to a much higher speed.
  • the distance signals from the two distance sensors 14, 15 and the zero mark signal from the zero mark sensor 16 are recorded at the same time and fed to the evaluation device 17, which processes them in relation to time.
  • the evaluation device 17 calculates the angle of rotation reference of the distance signals with the aid of the zero mark signals and can--for the embodiment that is measured at a constant speed--perform an averaging of the distance signals measured over several rotor revolutions. In the case of a run-up measurement, the angle-related widening can be output via the speed.
  • the evaluation device 17 now has angle-related, in particular averaged, distance signals from each of the two distance sensors 14, 15.
  • the distance signals from the distance sensor 14 contain the measured, rotation-angle-related distance dependent on the expansion of the rotor 5, which is speed-dependent and also rotation-angle-dependent.
  • the distance signals also contain the speed-independent basic distance and other disturbance variables.
  • the distance signals from the reference surfaces are subtracted from the distance signals from the rotor measurement tracks, with a proportionate subtraction from the geometric conditions of the position of the measuring tracks can depend, which in turn can be determined by using trigonometric methods. This eliminates the interference signals that also occur on the reference surfaces.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic measurement setup with two reference surfaces
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic measurement setup with a reference component in the form of a reference pin.
  • the rotor 5 is connected to a drive shaft via a flange 18 .
  • the reference surface or reference face Between the rotor 5 and the flange 18 there can be an area which, according to the invention, is referred to as the reference surface or reference face and of which the widening under centrifugal loading and the surface profile are known.
  • This can also be a separate reference component that can be connected to the rotor 5 , such as a reference pin 19 with one reference surface or several reference surfaces, which is screwed to the rotor 5 .
  • the rotor 5 can be arranged so to speak between two reference pins 19 , 20 . In contrast, only one reference pin 19 is shown in FIG.
  • a zero point sensor 16 is provided to detect a zero mark, e.g. B. on the flange 18. Furthermore, a distance sensor 14 is arranged at a distance from the rotor, which detects the distance signal without contact. Furthermore, a second distance sensor 15 can be provided for detecting the distance signal between the reference pin 19 and the sensor. In the embodiment shown, a third distance sensor 21 is arranged at a distance from the second reference pin 20 .
  • a second distance sensor 15 is provided in addition to the first distance sensor 14 and a reference component 19 with at least one reference surface.
  • the spurious vibrations remaining therein are removed geometrically proportionately from the first distance signal of the first distance sensor 14 via trigonometry and a known pivot point of the rotor 5. In this way, tilting or inclination of the rotor 5 can also be taken into account.
  • the tilting can also be taken into account by eliminating it as a disturbance variable by offsetting the second distance signals and the third distance signals and removing the spurious vibrations remaining in the second distance signal from the first distance signal of the first distance sensor 14 .
  • the method according to the invention enables the elimination of the interference components occurring when measuring the rotor angle-related expansion of a rotating rotor under centrifugal load with only one sensor (with a known pivot point) or at least two other sensors, which transmit the distance signals to a reference surface or several reference surfaces known geometry and widening over the rotational speed and offset or offset this with the detected by a distance sensor distance signals from a rotor.
  • the structure of the measuring arrangement is simple and the elimination of the interference components can be carried out in a simple manner, since only one sensor and one or two additional sensors are required for recording the interference variables per measuring plane. Furthermore, due to the method according to the invention, a transient measurement of the widening during run-up is also possible.
  • a further advantage of the invention is that an 1F feature (e.g. a groove) in a rotor 5 does not affect the determination of the flare, provided the flare and the geometry (e.g. perfectly round) of the reference surface versus speed are known are. With the known methods, on the other hand, complex 1 F filtering has to be carried out.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
  • Testing Of Balance (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de mesure de l'expansion d'un rotor rotatif (5) sur la base de la vitesse de rotation du rotor, dans lequel un premier capteur de distance (14) est disposé à une certaine distance de la surface du rotor, ledit capteur de distance détectant sans contact la distance entre la surface du rotor et le premier capteur de distance (14) sur une base temporelle, et générant des premiers signaux électriques temporels de distance. Un capteur de repère nul (16) balaye des repères nuls appliqués sur le rotor (5) sur une base temporelle. Un second capteur de distance (15) est disposé sur une surface de référence (19) qui est éloignée du premier capteur de distance (14) dans la direction axiale du rotor (5) et à partir de laquelle les profils d'expansion et de surface sont identifiés. Pour éliminer les variables parasites, les signaux détectés par le second capteur de distance peuvent être calculés avec ceux du premier capteur de distance.
EP22750991.6A 2021-07-13 2022-07-06 Procédé de mesure de l'expansion angulaire de rotor d'un rotor rotatif sous contrainte centrifuge Pending EP4370868A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021118105.4A DE102021118105B4 (de) 2021-07-13 2021-07-13 Verfahren zur Messung der rotorwinkelbezogenen Aufweitung eines drehenden Rotors unter Fliehkraftbelastung
PCT/DE2022/100482 WO2023284913A1 (fr) 2021-07-13 2022-07-06 Procédé de mesure de l'expansion angulaire de rotor d'un rotor rotatif sous contrainte centrifuge

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4370868A1 true EP4370868A1 (fr) 2024-05-22

Family

ID=82799902

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22750991.6A Pending EP4370868A1 (fr) 2021-07-13 2022-07-06 Procédé de mesure de l'expansion angulaire de rotor d'un rotor rotatif sous contrainte centrifuge

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20240322653A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4370868A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2024525734A (fr)
KR (1) KR20240028536A (fr)
CN (1) CN117642599A (fr)
DE (1) DE102021118105B4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2023284913A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN118310463A (zh) * 2024-04-17 2024-07-09 哈工科讯(沈阳)工业技术研究院有限公司 基于旋转变压器的转动跳动监测系统及方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11230733A (ja) * 1998-02-18 1999-08-27 Toshiba Corp 回転体の振れ測定装置
DE10144643A1 (de) 2001-09-11 2003-06-26 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Vorrichtung zur Ermittlung von Betriebszuständen eines Rotor-Stator-Systems
KR100838033B1 (ko) * 2006-07-26 2008-06-12 두산중공업 주식회사 터빈제어시스템에서 로터의 팽창 거리 측정 오차 계산 방법
DE102013110632B4 (de) 2013-09-26 2016-09-08 Schenck Rotec Gmbh Verfahren zur Messung der Aufweitung eines drehenden Rotors
DE102018102751B3 (de) * 2018-02-07 2019-02-21 Schenck Rotec Gmbh Verfahren zur Messung der Unwucht wellenelastischer Rotoren mittels wegmessender Sensoren

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20240322653A1 (en) 2024-09-26
CN117642599A (zh) 2024-03-01
JP2024525734A (ja) 2024-07-12
WO2023284913A1 (fr) 2023-01-19
DE102021118105B4 (de) 2023-11-16
KR20240028536A (ko) 2024-03-05
DE102021118105A1 (de) 2023-01-19

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