EP4359799A1 - Sondes à base de composés organiques volatils et leurs utilisations pour le diagnostic et le pronostic de pathologies - Google Patents
Sondes à base de composés organiques volatils et leurs utilisations pour le diagnostic et le pronostic de pathologiesInfo
- Publication number
- EP4359799A1 EP4359799A1 EP22735872.8A EP22735872A EP4359799A1 EP 4359799 A1 EP4359799 A1 EP 4359799A1 EP 22735872 A EP22735872 A EP 22735872A EP 4359799 A1 EP4359799 A1 EP 4359799A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ethyl
- probe
- radioactive isotope
- pathology
- glucuronide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/569—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for microorganisms, e.g. protozoa, bacteria, viruses
- G01N33/56983—Viruses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Q—MEASURING OR TESTING PROCESSES INVOLVING ENZYMES, NUCLEIC ACIDS OR MICROORGANISMS; COMPOSITIONS OR TEST PAPERS THEREFOR; PROCESSES OF PREPARING SUCH COMPOSITIONS; CONDITION-RESPONSIVE CONTROL IN MICROBIOLOGICAL OR ENZYMOLOGICAL PROCESSES
- C12Q1/00—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions
- C12Q1/34—Measuring or testing processes involving enzymes, nucleic acids or microorganisms; Compositions therefor; Processes of preparing such compositions involving hydrolase
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/575—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer
- G01N33/5758—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumours, cancers or neoplasias, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides or metabolites
- G01N33/57585—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for cancer involving compounds serving as markers for tumours, cancers or neoplasias, e.g. cellular determinants, receptors, heat shock/stress proteins, A-protein, oligosaccharides or metabolites involving compounds identifiable in body fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/914—Hydrolases (3)
- G01N2333/924—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2333/00—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature
- G01N2333/90—Enzymes; Proenzymes
- G01N2333/914—Hydrolases (3)
- G01N2333/924—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2)
- G01N2333/94—Hydrolases (3) acting on glycosyl compounds (3.2) acting on alpha-galactose-glycoside bonds, e.g. alpha-galactosidase
Definitions
- the subject of the present invention is probes based on volatile organic compounds, compositions comprising these probes and their uses for the diagnosis and prognosis of pathologies.
- the present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing these pathologies by the use of said probes.
- VOCs volatile organic compounds
- biosensors for medical or biological purposes have been developed, these being based on detection by fluorescence, electrochemical or luminescence.
- these biosensors have the disadvantage of containing radioactive elements.
- the aim of the present invention is to provide a composition comprising enzymo-sensitive probes, programmed to map the specific enzymes of one (several) pathology(ies), to diagnose diseases early and with certainty, after administration of the probes in the subjects to be diagnosed.
- the present invention also aims to provide a composition for the diagnosis of subjects, making it possible to follow the subjects very regularly during their therapy and thus to help the medical personnel in their decision-making as to the choice of the most effective protocol. .
- the present invention also aims to provide a diagnostic method that is simple, inexpensive, very sensitive, painless and accessible to a large number of people, in order to be able to improve the treatment of malignant pathologies.
- the aim of the present invention is to provide a composition for diagnosis which makes it possible to considerably reduce the inter-individual variability encountered with the monitoring of endogenous markers.
- the present invention relates to a composition
- a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside or ethyl- ⁇ -O-galactopyranoside probe, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope; for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent.
- the present invention relates to a composition
- a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- composition (C1) comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside or ethyl- ⁇ -O-galactopyranoside probe, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent.
- the present invention also relates to a composition (C2) comprising at least ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside probe), for its use as a diagnostic agent and /or prognosis.
- a composition comprising at least ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside probe), for its use as a diagnostic agent and /or prognosis.
- compositions or cocktail according to the invention are Composition or cocktail according to the invention.
- compositions therefore comprises several compounds or probes, intended for use as an agent for the diagnosis or prognosis of a pathology.
- This composition is also designated below by the term “cocktail” or “cocktail of probes”. This composition is therefore used to diagnose or prognosticate a pathology, as explained below.
- compositions according to the invention mention may therefore be made, for example, of the aforementioned compositions C1 or C2.
- the composition used according to the invention comprises, for example, at least two probes, in particular at least three probes, namely the ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucuronide, ethyl-/ ⁇ -acetylglucosamide and ethyl- ⁇ -O-galactopyranoside probes. , each of these probes (or compounds) comprising at least one non-radioactive isotope in the ethyl part.
- composition C1 used according to the invention, also called “cocktail 1"
- a composition C1 comprises at least two probes, namely the ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide and ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside probes, each of these probes (or compounds) comprising at least one non-radioactive isotope in the ethyl part.
- this composition comprises for example the ethyl-/N-acetylglucosamide probe.
- composition C2 also called “cocktail 2”
- composition C2 comprises at least the ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside probe, preferably in combination with at least one other probe such as for example the ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside probe or the ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside probe.
- Ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide has the following formula: and targets the enzyme b-glucuronidase.
- Ethyl-/V-acetylglucosamide has the following formula: and targets the enzyme /V-acetylglucosaminidase.
- Ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside has the following formula: and targets the enzyme b-galactosidase.
- the probes of the composition according to the invention comprise, in their ethyl part, at least one non-radioactive isotope.
- a non-radioactive isotope mention may be made, for example, of deuterium ( 2 D), carbon-13 ( 13 C) or oxygen-18 ( 18 0).
- These probes are therefore compounds derived from compounds corresponding to the aforementioned formulas, in which at least one hydrogen and/or carbon and/or oxygen atom of their ethyl parts are replaced by an isotope.
- the ethyl part of the probes used according to the invention is therefore marked with one or more non-radioactive isotopes on one or more positions ( 2 D, 13 C or 18 0).
- the ethyl-D-glucuronide is the probe with the following formula (1): this probe targeting the enzyme b-glucuronidase.
- the ethyl-/V-acetylglucosamide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope present in the composition according to the invention is the probe 13 CD 5 -ethyl-/V-acetylglucosamide, corresponding to the following formula (2): this probe targeting the enzyme N-acetyl-glucosaminidase.
- the ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope present in the composition according to the invention is the D2-ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside probe, corresponding to the formula ( 3) next: this probe targeting the enzyme b-galactosidase.
- Ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside has the following formula: and targets the enzyme aL-fucosidase.
- Ethyl-glucopyranoside has the following formula: and targets the enzyme a- or b-glucosidase.
- Ethyl-mannopyranoside has the following formula: and targets the enzyme a- or b-mannosidase.
- Ethyl-aD-glucopyranoside has the following formula: and targets the enzyme a-glucosidase.
- Ethyl-a-mannopyranoside has the following formula: and targets the enzyme a-mannosidase.
- the ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope present in the composition according to the invention is the probe D 4 -ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside, corresponding to the following formula (4): this probe targeting the enzyme aL-fucosidase.
- the ethyl-glucopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope present in the composition according to the invention is the D4-ethyl-glucopyranoside probe, corresponding to the following formula (5):
- the ethyl-mannopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope present in the composition according to the invention is the probe D 5 -ethyl-mannopyranoside, corresponding to the following formula (6):
- All probes can be randomly synthesized with ethanol isotopes: ethanol-D2, ethanol-D3, ethanol-D4, ethanol-D5, ethanol-13C-D5, ethanol-13C2-D5, ethanol-13C or ethanol-13C2.
- the present invention breaking with the conventional search for endogenous COVs, is based on the ex vivo use of multimodal probes, including in their structure a COV labeled with one (or more) stable isotope(s). These crossed probes are selectively hydrolyzed in damaged tissues via the activity of enzymes specific to these media. The COVs thus released in turn become exogenous markers characteristic of the metabolism of the injured tissue and are detected ex vivo in a biological sample according to an established and detailed protocol, as explained below.
- a first proof of concept targeting b-glucuronidase, an enzymatic tumor marker showed the relevance of using a deuterium-labeled ethanol probe to detect different types of solid tumors in vivo and monitor their evolution over a period of time. chemotherapy. Nevertheless, in a clinical research context, targeting a single enzyme can lead to a large number of false positives and false negatives.
- the present invention is therefore based on the use of a cocktail of crossed probes, each targeting a specific enzymatic marker of one or more pathologies, in order to reduce the risk of erroneous diagnosis and to predict the effectiveness of associated therapies.
- this strategy provides information on the nature of the pathology (eg solid tumor, inflammatory syndrome, bacterial infection, viral infection), its location, its aggressiveness, its stage of development and its response to treatment.
- COV probes targeting enzymes of the glycosidase type are therefore used. These enzymes are over-expressed in damaged tissues (eg tumor or infectious microenvironment), but are not, or very little, expressed/secreted by healthy cells.
- these probes release a molecule of labeled ethanol.
- VOC-based probes according to the invention offer a sensitivity hitherto never achieved.
- the first results obtained with the probe targeting b-glucuronidase show that this enzyme can be detected in plasma at concentrations below 5.10 13 M.
- a recently developed fluorescence biosensor presented an LOD of 5.10 9 M for this same enzyme.
- the aforementioned composition in particular composition C1 or “cocktail 1”, further comprises at least one other labeled compound chosen from the group consisting of: ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-D-glucopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, and mixtures thereof.
- the aforementioned composition, in particular composition C1 or “cocktail 1” also comprises ethyl-N-acetylglucosamide.
- the composition of the invention comprises at least the aforementioned probes (1), (2) and (3), in combination with at least one of the probes (4), (5) and/or (6 ) as defined above.
- the composition of the invention C1 comprises at least the aforementioned probes (1) and (3), in combination with at least one of the probes (2), (4), (5) and/or ( 6) as defined above.
- the composition of the invention C2 comprises at least the aforementioned probe (6), in combination with at least one of the probes (4) and/or (5) as defined above.
- composition C1 comprises at least ethyl-b-D-glucuronide, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-/V-acetylglucosamide, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one isotope non-radioactive, ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope and ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope.
- This cocktail according to the invention C1-1 thus preferably comprises ethyl-D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase, ethyl-N-acetylglucosamide targeting N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, ethyl b-D- galactopyranoside targeting b-galactosidase and ethyl-1-a-L-fucopyranoside targeting a-L-fucosidase, each of these probes being modified as explained above, by the presence of at least one non-radioactive isotope in their ethyl parts.
- composition C1 comprises at least ethyl-b-D-glucuronide, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-D-galactopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one isotope non-radioactive and ethyl-a-D-glucopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope
- This cocktail according to the invention C1-2 thus preferably comprises ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase, ethyl bD-galactopyranoside targeting b-galactosidase and ethyl ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside targeting ⁇ -glucosidase, each of these probes being modified as explained above, by the presence of at least one non-radioactive isotope in their ethyl parts.
- composition C2 comprises at least ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope and ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope. radioactive.
- This cocktail according to the invention C2-1 thus preferably comprises ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside targeting ⁇ -glucosidase and ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside targeting ⁇ -mannosidase, each of these probes being modified as explained above high, by the presence of at least one non-radioactive isotope in their ethyl parts.
- composition C2 comprises at least ethyl-1-a-L-fucopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope and ethyl-a-mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope.
- This cocktail according to the invention C2-2 thus preferably comprises ethyl-1-a-L-fucopyranoside targeting a-L-fucosidase and ethyl-a-mannopyranoside targeting a-mannosidase, each of these probes being modified as explained above, by the presence of at least one non-radioactive isotope in their ethyl parts.
- the composition comprises at least ethyl-b-D-glucuronide, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-/V-acetylglucosamide, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-1-D-galactopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope, ethyl-glucopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope and ethyl-mannopyranoside whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope.
- the cocktail according to the invention thus preferably comprises ethyl-D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase, ethyl-N-acetylglucosamide targeting N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, ethyl bD-galactopyranoside targeting b-galactosidase, ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside targeting a-L-fucosidase, ethyl-glucopyranoside targeting a-glucosidase or b-glucosidase and ethyl-mannopyranoside targeting a-mannosidase or b-mannosidase, each of these probes being modified as explained above, by the presence of at least one non-radioactive isotope in their ethyl parts.
- the composition according to the invention comprises the aforementioned probes corresponding to formulas (1), (2), (3), (4), (5)
- compositions or cocktail according to the invention also relates to the use of the composition as defined above, namely a composition comprising:
- a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the composition as defined above, namely a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the composition as defined above, namely a composition C1 or C2, as an ex vivo diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving a reaction inflammation in response to injury or infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections.
- a composition C1 or C2 as an ex vivo diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving a reaction inflammation in response to injury or infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections.
- the compositions according to the invention and as defined above, in particular the compositions C1 or C2, and comprising the aforementioned probes, are used for the diagnosis and/or the prognosis ex vivo of subjects (humans or animals ).
- compositions can be intended in particular for the stratification of subjects or patients, according to the progress, the severity and the evolution of the pathology, but also for the diagnosis, possibly early, of a pathology, for example within the framework of a screening campaign for a given population of subjects or patients.
- the composition used as ex vivo diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for the aforementioned pathology is as defined above, and comprises in particular the probes (1), (2) and (3).
- composition used as ex vivo diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for the aforementioned pathology is composition C1 or C2.
- the composition used as ex vivo diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for the aforementioned pathology comprises the aforementioned probes (1), (2), (3), (4), (5) and (6) .
- the pathologies which can be diagnosed and/or predicted by the cocktail of probes according to the invention are pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the organism, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections.
- pathologies mention may be made in particular of inflammatory diseases, bacterial infections or even autoimmune diseases.
- pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or infection of the body refers in particular to cancers, ARDS and pulmonary fibrosis, or even Parkinson's disease.
- chronic inflammatory diseases refers in particular to Crohn's disease, eczema, as well as autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes, vitiligo, multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis.
- acute infections refers in particular to viral infections (respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-COV, HIV, herpes simplex virus and all emerging viruses) and bacteria (Escherichia Coli, Staphylococcus, Pseudomonas, Propionibacterium acnes).
- Inflammatory disease also called inflammatory disease, can be any disease resulting from an abnormal reaction of the immune system.
- the inflammatory disease can be an autoinflammatory disease, an autoimmune disease or an inflammatory condition of undetermined origin.
- Inflammatory pathologies are defined by tissue aggression due to a dysregulation of the immune system. Also, among the latter, we can mention atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lung inflammation, chronic inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock or cancer.
- the inflammatory disease is thus preferably selected from the group consisting of atherosclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, lung inflammation, inflammatory bowel disease, sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock, cancer and combinations thereof.
- Atherosclerosis also called arteriosclerosis
- arteriosclerosis is a disease affecting the arteries and characterized by the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques on the inner wall of the arteries.
- Rheumatoid arthritis is a systemic connective tissue disease characterized by chronic joint inflammation that progresses in flare-ups.
- Lung inflammation includes but is not limited to inflammatory lung disease and/or lung allergy.
- Inflammatory lung disease includes, but is not limited to, Acute Lung Ingury or ALI, also known as moderate ARDS, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome or ARDS, acute lung injury resulting a transfusion (“Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury” or TRALI).
- Acute Lung Ingury or ALI also known as moderate ARDS, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome or ARDS, acute lung injury resulting a transfusion
- TRALI Transfusion Related Acute Lung Injury
- Lung allergy also called respiratory allergy
- respiratory allergy is a disease alternating between an acute phase (also called an asthma attack) and a chronic phase.
- IBD Inflammatory bowel disease
- An excessive inflammatory reaction in response to an infection, causes sepsis and its most severe forms, severe sepsis and septic shock.
- the cancerous cell will cause inflammation and invade neighboring cells to create an environment conducive to the growth of nearby cells. This is how, little by little, the cancerous tumor is born. Concretely, the cancer cell uses inflammation to progress.
- the aforementioned pathology is selected from the group consisting of cancers, bacterial and viral infections, nosocomial infections, autoimmune diseases, respiratory inflammations, chronic inflammations, neurodegenerative diseases and chronic disorders related at the age.
- solid cancerous tumors such as for example lung cancers (lungs, bronchi and nasopharynx), gynecological (breast, ovary, uterus) and gastrointestinal (liver, intestine , colon, pancreas).
- the cancer is selected from the group consisting of breast cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, uterine cancer, nasopharyngeal cancer, bowel cancer, colon cancer, bladder and brain cancer.
- infections due for example to Streptococcus pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Chlamydia, Treponema pallidum, SARS-COV, HIV, syncytial virus, herpes simplex virus and all emerging viruses.
- nosocomial infections include infections due to Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Propionibacterium acnes.
- autoimmune diseases include type 1 diabetes, vitiligo, multiple sclerosis or rheumatoid arthritis.
- respiratory inflammation examples include pulmonary fibrosis, and in particular acute hypoxemic respiratory failure or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS or ARDS).
- ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome
- Chronic inflammation examples include Crohn's disease.
- neurodegenerative diseases mention may be made, for example, of Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease.
- Examples of chronic age-related disorders include type 2 diabetes, osteoarthritis and osteoporosis.
- the present invention also relates to the aforementioned composition, in particular comprising the probes (1), (2) and (3), or the composition C1 or C2, for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for cancers.
- the present invention also relates to a composition as defined above comprising the probes (1), (2), (3) and (4), for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for cancers.
- the present invention also relates to a composition as defined above comprising the probes (1), (2), (3), (4) and (6), for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for cancers .
- the present invention also relates to a composition C1 or C2 as defined above, for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for cancers.
- the present invention also relates to a composition as defined above comprising the probes (1), (2), (3) and (5), for its use as a diagnostic and/or prognostic agent for viral and bacterial infections. and chronic inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis or diabetes.
- the present invention also relates to a composition C1 or C2 as defined above, for its use as an agent for the diagnosis and/or prognosis of viral and bacterial infections and of chronic inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis or diabetes.
- the present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a biological sample of said subject, a composition comprising:
- step b) at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope; b) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol, released in the gaseous phase, c) comparing the values obtained in step b) with a corresponding standard control value, and d) deducing therefrom whether the subject is suffering from said pathology.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method is preferably an ex vivo method.
- the present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a biological sample of said subject, a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe -b-O-galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- step b) either at least ethyl-a-mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl-a-mannopyranoside probe); b) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol, released in the gaseous phase, c) comparing the values obtained in step b) with a corresponding standard control value, and d) deducing therefrom whether the subject is suffering from said pathology.
- the present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a biological sample from said subject, a composition C1 or C2 as defined above; b) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol released in the gaseous phase, c) comparing the values obtained in step b) with a corresponding standard control value, and d) deducing therefrom whether the subject is suffering from said pathology.
- steps a) to d) can be carried out for two identical samples of the same subject in parallel with a composition C1 on one side and a composition C2 on the other.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method comprises the implementation of the aforementioned composition, in particular comprising the probes (1), (2) and (3), for the diagnosis of cancers.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method comprises the implementation of the aforementioned composition comprising the probes (1), (2), (3) and (4), for the diagnosis of cancers.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method comprises the implementation of the aforementioned composition comprising the probes (1), (2), (3), (4) and (6), for the diagnosis of cancers.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method comprises the implementation of the aforementioned composition C1 or C2, for the diagnosis of cancers.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method comprises the implementation of the aforementioned composition comprising the probes (1), (2), (3) and (5), for the diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections and of chronic inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis or diabetes.
- the aforementioned diagnostic method comprises the implementation of the aforementioned composition C1 or C2, for the diagnosis of viral and bacterial infections and of chronic inflammatory diseases such as osteoarthritis or diabetes.
- the subject is a human or an animal.
- the subject is preferably a mammal, for example a human subject or a non-human mammal, such as a cat, dog, monkey, rabbit, mouse or rat.
- the human subject can be male or female of any age, such as an infant, child, adolescent, adult, or elderly person.
- the subject is preferably a subject suffering or at risk of suffering from a pathology as defined above, in particular from an inflammatory disease.
- a subject at risk of suffering from an inflammatory disease is for example a subject having a family history of inflammatory disease, having already suffered from at least one inflammatory disease, having genetic, metabolic and/or risk factors linked to the mode of life and/or presenting at least one symptom that may be a precursor to an inflammatory disease.
- the biological sample is preferably obtained from a subject as defined above.
- the biological sample is preferably chosen from the group consisting of samples of plasma, blood, tissues, saliva, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and biopsies of said subject.
- Step a) consists in bringing together a biological sample obtained from a subject with the composition according to the invention, in particular the cocktail of probes as defined above. This bringing together is carried out by adding the composition of the invention (or cocktail of probes) to said biological sample, by any means well known to those skilled in the art.
- the composition is added to a container containing said sample, for example plasma or blood sample.
- composition of the invention to a biological sample can be carried out directly in the biological sample or after treatment of the biological sample.
- the biological sample preferably with a volume of 1 mL for fluids and several hundred grams for tissues, is maintained, after the addition of said composition, at -20° C. until to the analysis corresponding to measurement step b) of the aforementioned method. It should not be thawed before analysis.
- the biological sample obtained from the subject is also supplemented with a buffer solution such as for example an acetate buffer (in particular pH 5.5, 0.1 mol/L, containing a mixture of sodium acetate and acid acetic acid), used to detect solid tumor marker enzymes in biological samples.
- a buffer solution such as for example an acetate buffer (in particular pH 5.5, 0.1 mol/L, containing a mixture of sodium acetate and acid acetic acid), used to detect solid tumor marker enzymes in biological samples.
- the biological sample obtained from the subject is also supplemented with a protease inhibitor (for example Completed mini EDTA-free protease inhibitor cocktail, Roche).
- a protease inhibitor for example Completed mini EDTA-free protease inhibitor cocktail, Roche.
- protease inhibitor prepared with UP water at 7X concentration, is used at 1X final concentration.
- this step a) can be preceded by a step for processing the biological sample.
- treatment of the biological sample is meant here at least one treatment step, for example selected from the group consisting of centrifugation, a cycle of freezing then thawing and suspension in a buffer.
- the composition of the invention comprises is prepared by adding the aforementioned probes to a buffer solution, in particular as defined above, preferably at a concentration of between 10 -3 mol/L and 10 -7 mol /L.
- the probes are added with a volume between 10 pL and 200 mI_ to obtain a total volume of sample between 25 mI_ and 300 mI_ (total volume including from 10 pL to 250 pL of buffer, from 10 pL to 250 pL of biological fluid or 5 mg to 5000 mg of tissue, and 1 pL to 35 pL of 1X protease inhibitor).
- the sample as a whole (that is to say including the biological sample, the probes and possibly the buffer solution and the protease inhibitor) is inserted into a hermetically sealed vial made of inert material , such as a 2 ml_ vial with hermetic cap with insert.
- a hermetically sealed vial made of inert material such as a 2 ml_ vial with hermetic cap with insert.
- the probes (1 -4) are prepared beforehand in the aforementioned buffer at a concentration of 5.10 5 mol/L, and added with a volume of 10 pL to obtain a total volume of sample of 100 pL (total volume including 62 pL of buffer, 25 pL of biological fluid and 3 pL of protease inhibitor).
- the sample as a whole is for example inserted into a 2 mL vial with a hermetic stopper with insert.
- Step b) consists in measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol released in the gaseous phase.
- the labeled ethanol is the ethanol released from the aforementioned probes and therefore containing the labeled ethyl moiety as defined above.
- this measurement step is carried out on at least three kinetic points between 0 and 8 hours after step a) corresponding to the addition of the composition of the invention.
- a kinetic point corresponds to a measurement carried out at a time t for the same sample prepared under identical conditions.
- three identical biological samples are prepared as explained above, to which is added, under identical conditions, the cocktail of probes according to the invention as defined above, and the step of measurement b) according to the invention at three distinct instants, t1, t2 and t3 spaced out in time.
- a measurement is taken 2 hours after step a), another measurement is taken 4 hours after step a) and a final measurement is taken 7 hours after step a).
- These kinetic points are obtained by carrying out the measurements in 3 separate bottles containing the same biological sample and the same composition according to the invention. These kinetic points, carried out at least in duplicate, then make it possible to obtain an enzymatic curve useful for the conclusion stage concerning the diagnosis, as explained below.
- the probes After bringing together the probes whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope with the biological sample, if this biological sample contains at least one of the enzymes targeted by said probes, the probes will then be cut by the enzymes by hydrolysis, this which will release the -O-Et part of said probes as explained above and therefore will lead to the release in the gas phase of ethanol comprising at least one non-radioactive isotope.
- the aforementioned probe (1) allows the release of labeled ethanol in the CD3-CD2-OH form
- the aforementioned probe (2) allows the release of labeled ethanol in the CD 3 - 13 CD 2 -OH form
- the aforementioned probe (3) allows the release of labeled ethanol in the CH3-CD2-OH form
- the aforementioned probe (4) allows the release of labeled ethanol in the CD3-CHD-OH form
- the aforementioned probe (5) allows the release of labeled ethanol in the CD3-CD2-OH form
- the aforementioned probe (6) allows the release of labeled ethanol in the 13 CD3-13 CD2-OH form.
- the probes of the composition of the invention are selectively hydrolyzed in the damaged tissues via the activity of enzymes specific to these media.
- the labeled ethanol thus released becomes an exogenous marker characteristic of the metabolism of the damaged tissue and is detected ex vivo in the biological sample. If the biological sample is that of a healthy subject, this sample not containing the targeted enzymes, the probes of the composition will therefore not be hydrolyzed and therefore no release of labeled ethanol will be obtained and therefore cannot be measured.
- the biological sample is in a container or container such as a bottle or vial, and, as part of step a), the composition is added to said container or container, then said container or container is hermetically sealed.
- the container or receptacle is agitated, for example with a vortex, before the implementation of step b) for measuring the quantity of ethanol released in the gaseous phase.
- step b) comprises a measurement by gas chromatography (GC) coupled to a triple quadrupole equipped with an El source (GC-TQMS), or gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer high resolution (GC-QTOFMS), or an artificial nose.
- GC gas chromatography
- GC-TQMS gas chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole equipped with an El source
- GC-QTOFMS mass spectrometer high resolution
- step b) of measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol released the values thus obtained are compared with a corresponding standard control value.
- step c) the results obtained in step b) are compared with a corresponding standard control value.
- step b) are the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of labeled ethanol released into the gaseous phase, after addition of the composition of the invention to the biological sample.
- corresponding in the expression "corresponding standard control value” means that the quantity, concentration and/or proportion measured in the biological sample for the labeled ethanol is compared with a standard control value of the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of ethanol.
- the standard control value is a quantity.
- the standard control value is a concentration.
- the standard control value is a proportion.
- a standard control value can for example be the average, the maximum threshold value and/or the minimum threshold value of the quantity, concentration or proportion of ethanol measured in a sample originating from a healthy subject. (after implementing steps a) and b) above), or even the average, the maximum threshold value and/or the minimum threshold value of the quantity, concentration or proportion of ethanol measured in a blank sample, it is ie in a sample in which the composition of the invention has been added but which does not contain the target enzymes.
- the values measured in samples from healthy subjects or in blank samples are carried out using a measurement method similar to that used for the biological sample.
- CV coefficient of variation
- the minimum threshold value and the maximum threshold value define a reference interval.
- the reference interval is usually defined to include 95% of the values obtained in the reference population.
- healthy subjects or individuals we mean subjects or individuals having a good general state of health, in particular not suffering from the pathologies as defined above.
- the standard ethanol control value may be the average, the maximum threshold value and/or the minimum threshold value of the quantity, concentration or proportion of ethanol measured in the samples originating from healthy individuals, the samples having been supplemented with the composition or cocktail of probes according to the invention.
- a standard control value can for example correspond to the average of the values obtained in the samples originating from 10 healthy subjects. A subject will then be considered healthy when the ethanol value measured as explained above is within the standard deviation from the mean of the values for healthy subjects over all the kinetic points as explained below. above.
- step d it is deduced whether or not the subject has the aforementioned pathology.
- the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of the quantity of labeled ethanol measured is greater than a corresponding standard control value (in particular the maximum threshold value or a fixed value), the presence of at least one enzyme targeted by the probes defined above, and therefore that the subject is suffering from a pathology as defined above.
- a corresponding standard control value in particular the maximum threshold value or a fixed value
- the standard deviation of the values for the sick subjects must not overlap with the standard deviation of the values for the healthy subjects on at least one of the kinetic points (as explained above) to consider the targeted enzyme as a marker of pathology.
- a subject is then considered to be sick when his measured ethanol value is within the standard deviation from the mean of the values measured for the sick subjects on at least one of the kinetic points. This value must be at least 1.3 times higher than the mean of the values measured for healthy subjects on at least one of the kinetic points.
- an additional step can be implemented consisting of a step of treating said subject, by for example by the administration to said subject of a pharmaceutically acceptable quantity of a compound or of a composition intended for the treatment of said pathology.
- the present invention also relates to a method for diagnosing a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a blood sample of said subject, a composition comprising: - or at least ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe -bO- galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- step b) either at least ethyl-a-mannopyranoside, the ethyl part of which comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl-a-mannopyranoside probe); b) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol, released in the gaseous phase, c) comparing the values obtained in step b) with a corresponding standard control value, and d) deducing therefrom whether the subject is suffering from said pathology.
- step a) consists in adding, to a blood sample from the subject, a composition C1-2 or C2-2.
- step a) consists in adding, in a first blood sample from the subject, a composition C1-2 and, in a second blood sample from the same subject, a composition C2-2.
- the present invention also relates to a method for monitoring the effectiveness of a curative or preventive treatment of a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection. body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding a composition comprising:
- step b) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol, released in the gaseous phase, c) comparing the values obtained in step b) with a corresponding standard control value and/or with a corresponding value obtained before the start of the processing or at a time t' during the processing which is prior to the time t, d) deducing therefrom whether the treatment is effective, and e) optionally, repeating steps a) to d).
- the present invention also relates to a method for monitoring the effectiveness of a curative or preventive treatment of a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection. body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe -b-O-galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- the pathology is in particular as defined above in the “pathologies” section.
- the pathology is an inflammatory disease, and preferably a cancer.
- the biological sample is a sample originating from a subject, in particular as defined above in the “biological sample” section.
- the biological sample is a blood, plasma or biopsy sample.
- the subject is in particular as defined above in the "subject” section.
- the curative or preventive treatment may comprise a curative or preventive treatment of the aforementioned pathology and/or a curative or preventive treatment of an inflammation as defined above.
- the curative or preventive treatment of a pathology involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the organism, of a chronic inflammatory disease or of an acute infection is for example a curative or preventive treatment well known to the patient. skilled in the art for these pathologies.
- the curative or preventive treatment of the pathology may, for example, include the surgical removal of the malignant tissue, the administration of chemotherapy, an immunomodulator, a triple therapy, an appropriate antibiotic treatment, or even assistance respiratory.
- steps a) and b) are generally as defined for steps a) and b) defined in the “diagnostic method” section.
- step b) comprises measuring the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of labeled ethanol in a biological sample of said subject at a time t during of the treatment.
- the measurement is performed in a biological sample taken from a sample taken at time t.
- step c) the results obtained in step b) are compared with a corresponding standard control value and/or with a corresponding value obtained before the start of said processing or at a time during processing t' which is prior at time t.
- Corresponding value obtained before the start of said treatment means the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of corresponding labeled ethanol measured in a biological sample from said subject, said sample having been taken before the start of treatment.
- corresponding value obtained at a time during the treatment which is prior to time t is meant the corresponding quantity, concentration and/or proportion of labeled ethanol measured in a biological sample of said subject, said sample having been taken after the start of treatment, but before time t.
- step d) it is deduced therefrom whether the treatment is effective.
- the treatment is for example effective if the quantity of labeled ethanol measured decreases or disappears.
- the treatment is effective if its quantity, concentration and/or proportion measured at time t is lower than a corresponding value obtained before the start of said treatment or at time t' during the treatment which is prior to the moment t.
- the treatment is not effective if the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of labeled ethanol measured at time t is greater than a corresponding value obtained before the start of said treatment or at time t' during the processing which is prior to time t.
- the method may include giving a new or complementary treatment.
- the method may comprise a step e) in which steps a) to d) are repeated, in particular whether the treatment is effective or not.
- Steps a) to d) can be repeated once, twice, three times or at least three times.
- Steps a) to d) can for example be repeated until the subject recovers or the pathology stabilizes.
- the period between two repetitions can for example be at least one week, at least two weeks, at least three weeks, at least four weeks, at least two months, at least three months, at least four months, at least five months , six months or at least six months, for example one year.
- the method for monitoring the effectiveness of a curative or preventive treatment can be implemented each time a new treatment or an additional treatment is initiated.
- a subject is considered to be cured when the ethanol value measured according to step b) is within the standard deviation relative to the mean of healthy subjects over all the kinetic points (as explained above in the paragraph concerning the method of diagnosis).
- the present invention also relates to a method for monitoring the development of a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a biological sample of said subject, at a time t1, a composition comprising:
- step b) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol, released in the gaseous phase, for the sample at time t1, c) adding, in a biological sample of said subject, at a time t2 separated in time with respect to time t1, the composition as defined in step a), d) measuring the quantity of labeled ethanol, released in the gas phase, for the sample at time t2, e) comparing the values obtained in steps b) and d) at times t1 and t2 respectively, f) deducing whether the pathology is progressing favourably, and g) optionally, repeating steps a) to f).
- the present invention also relates to a method for monitoring the development of a pathology in a subject, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, diseases chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a biological sample from said subject, at a time t1, a composition comprising:
- the pathology is in particular as defined above in the “pathologies” section.
- the pathology is an inflammatory disease, and preferably a cancer.
- the biological sample is a sample from a subject, in particular as defined above in the “biological sample” section.
- the biological sample is a blood, plasma or biopsy sample.
- the subject is in particular as defined above in the "subject" section.
- steps a) to d) are generally as defined for steps a) and b) defined in the “diagnostic method” section.
- steps b) and d) consist in measuring the quantity, concentration and/or proportion of labeled ethanol in a biological sample from the subject at two times t1 and t2 separated in time.
- the measurement is performed in a biological sample from a sample taken at time t1, as well as in a biological sample from a sample taken at time t2, time t1 being earlier at time t2.
- the time interval between t1 and t2 is for example at least one week, at least two weeks, at least three weeks, at least four weeks, at least two months, at least three months, at least four months, at least least five months, six months or at least six months, for example one year.
- step e) the results obtained at step a), at time t1 and at time t2 are compared with each other.
- step f it is deduced whether the pathology is progressing favorably.
- the pathology evolves favorably, for example if the quantity of ethanol released decreases between time t1 and t2.
- the pathology does not evolve favorably, for example if the quantity of ethanol released is equal or increases between time t1 and t2.
- the evolution of the disease is considered to be very favorable when the ethanol value measured for the sample is within the standard deviation compared to the mean of the values for the healthy subjects on all the kinetic points (as explained above in the paragraph concerning the diagnostic method).
- the evolution of the disease is considered to be very unfavorable when the ethanol value measured for the sample is within the standard deviation or greater than the standard deviation in relation to the mean of the values of the sick subjects over at least one of the kinetic points (as explained above in the paragraph concerning the diagnostic method). This value is at least 1.3 times higher than the average for healthy subjects on at least one of the kinetic points.
- the method may comprise a step g) in which steps a) to f are repeated, in particular whether the pathology progresses favorably or not.
- Steps a) to f) can be repeated once, twice, three times or at least three times.
- Steps a) to f) can for example be repeated until the subject recovers or the pathology stabilizes.
- Steps a) to d) can be repeated at regular time intervals or not.
- the period between two repetitions can for example be at least one week, at least two weeks, at least three weeks, at least four weeks, at least two months, at least three months, at least four months, at least five months , six months or at least six months, for example one year.
- the present invention also relates to a method for stratifying a subject suffering from a pathology into a category C-1 of subjects suffering from said pathology at a degree of severity or into a category C-2 of subjects suffering from said pathology at a another degree of severity, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, in a biological sample of said subject, a composition comprising:
- the present invention also relates to a method for stratifying a subject suffering from a pathology into a category C-1 of subjects suffering from said pathology at a degree of severity or into a category C-2 of subjects suffering from said pathology at a another degree of severity, said pathology being chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said method comprising the following steps: a) adding, to a biological sample of said subject, a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe -b-O-galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- the pathology is in particular as defined above in the “pathologies” section.
- the pathology is an inflammatory disease, and preferably a cancer.
- the biological sample is a sample from a subject, in particular as defined above in the “biological sample” section.
- the biological sample is a blood, plasma or biopsy sample.
- the subject is in particular as defined above in the "subject" section.
- steps a) to c) are generally as defined for steps a) and b) defined in the “diagnostic method” section.
- the present invention also relates to a kit for the diagnosis of a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said kit comprising a composition comprising:
- the present invention also relates to a kit for the diagnosis of a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said kit comprising a composition comprising:
- ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope (or ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe) and at least ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (or ethyl probe -bO- galactopyranoside) whose ethyl part comprises at least one non-radioactive isotope;
- the present invention also relates to a kit for the diagnosis of a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections, said kit comprising a composition C1 or C2 as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to the use of the aforementioned kit for the diagnosis of a pathology chosen from the group consisting of pathologies involving an inflammatory reaction in response to a lesion or an infection of the body, chronic inflammatory diseases and acute infections. .
- FIG. 1 represents the calibration line for the detection of b-glucuronidase in the presence of the D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe and performances of the analytical method GC-MSMS (LOD, LOQ and R 2 ).
- FIG. 2 represents the calibration line for the detection of b-glucuronidase in the presence of para-nitrophenol glucuronide and performances of the UV detection method (LOD, LOQ and R 2 ).
- FIG. 3 represents the kinetics of detection of ethanol-D 5 released into the headspace of the plasmas of patients after addition of the D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe.
- FIG. 4 represents the kinetics of detection of ethanol-D 5 released into the headspace of plasmas of patients having tumors of different sizes after addition of the D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe.
- FIG. 5 represents the detection of ethanol-D 5 in the headspace of murine tissue samples as a function of the concentration of Ds-ethyl-b-D-glucuronide probe added (10 ⁇ 9 M).
- FIG. 8 represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 and of ethanol- 13 CD 5 released when the two probes are placed in the presence of one or the other of the enzymes b-Glucuronidase (enzyme 1), D 5 - ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide (probe 1) and 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N- acetylglucosamine (probe 2).
- b-Glucuronidase enzyme 1
- D 5 - ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe 1
- 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N- acetylglucosamine probe 2).
- N-Acetyl-glucosaminidase enzyme 2
- D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe 1
- 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine probe 2.
- Figure 9b represents the quantity of ethanol-D4 released after hydrolysis of D 4 -ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside targeting Ga-
- FIG. 10a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 exhaled by the animals after injection of 10 pg.kg -1 of D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide.
- FIG. 10b represents the quantity of ethanol-D4 expired by the animals after injection of 100 pg.kg -1 of D4-ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside.
- FIG. 10c represents the quantity of ethanol- 13 CD 5 exhaled by the animals after injection of 10 pg.kg -1 of 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine.
- FIG. 10d represents the quantity of ethanol-D 2 expired by the animals after injection of 1 pg.kg -1 of D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside.
- FIG. 11 represents the calibration lines showing the signal intensity of ethanol-D 5 as a function of the activity (UL 1 ) of ⁇ -mannosidase in the presence of the probe D 5 -ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside ( 10 3 M) and the performance of the COV probe concept for the detection of this enzyme (LOD and R 2 ).
- the straight lines were drawn for three different kinetic points (2, 4 and 7 h of reaction). Each point was performed in duplicate.
- FIG. 11 a corresponds to the 2 o'clock kinetic point at 2:30 o'clock
- FIG. 11 b corresponds to the 4 o'clock kinetic point at 4:30 o'clock
- FIG. 11 c corresponds to the 7 o'clock kinetic point at 7:30 o'clock.
- FIG. 12 represents the calibration lines showing the signal intensity of ethanol-D2 as a function of the activity (UL 1 ) of b-galactosidase in the presence of the probe D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside (10 4 M) and the performance of the concept of COV probe for the detection of this enzyme (LOD and R 2 ).
- the straight lines were drawn for three different kinetic points (2, 4 and 7 h of reaction). Each point was performed in duplicate.
- Figure 12a corresponds to the 2 o'clock kinetic point at 2:30 o'clock
- Figure 12b corresponds to the 4 o'clock kinetic point at 4:30 o'clock
- Figure 12c corresponds to the 7 o'clock kinetic point at 7:30 o'clock.
- FIG. 13 represents the calibration lines showing the signal intensity of ethanol- 13 CD 5 as a function of the activity (UL 1 ) of /V-acetyl-glucosaminidase in the presence of the probe 13 CD 5 - ethyl-/V-acetylglucosamide (10 3 M) and the performance of the COV probe concept for the detection of this enzyme (LOD and R 2 ).
- the straight lines were drawn for three different kinetic points (2, 4 and 7 h of reaction). Each point was performed in duplicate.
- Figure 13a corresponds to the 2 o'clock kinetic point at 2:30 o'clock
- Figure 13b corresponds to the 4 o'clock kinetic point at 4:30 o'clock
- Figure 13c corresponds to the 7 o'clock kinetic point at 7:30 o'clock.
- FIG. 14a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 detected above the biopsies in the presence of 10 -7 M of D 5 -ethyl-D-glucuronide.
- FIG. 14b represents the quantity of ethanol-D detected above the biopsies in the presence of 10 -4 M of D 4 -ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside.
- FIG. 14c represents the quantity of ethanol- 13CD5 detected above the biopsies in the presence of 10 ⁇ 8 M of 13CD5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine.
- FIG. 14d represents the quantity of ethanol-D 2 detected above the biopsies in the presence of 10 _6 M of D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside
- FIG. 15a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl-D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase.
- FIG. 15b represents the quantity of ethanol-D released after hydrolysis of D 4 -ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside targeting ⁇ -L-fucosidase.
- FIG. 15c represents the quantity of ethanol- 13CD5 released after hydrolysis of 13CD5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine targeting N-acetyl-glucosaminidase.
- FIG. 15d represents the quantity of ethanol-D 2 released after hydrolysis of D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside targeting bD-galactosidase.
- FIG. 15e represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside targeting ⁇ -mannosidase.
- the figure 15f represents the amount of ethanol-D4 released after hydrolysis of D4-ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting Ga-D-glucosidase.
- FIG. 16a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase.
- FIG. 16b represents the quantity of ethanol-D released after hydrolysis of D 4 -ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside targeting ⁇ -L-fucosidase.
- FIG. 16a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase.
- FIG. 16b represents the quantity of ethanol-D released after hydrolysis of D 4 -ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyrano
- FIG. 16c represents the quantity of ethanol- 13CD5 released after hydrolysis of 13CD5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamide targeting N-acetyl-glucosaminidase.
- FIG. 16d represents the quantity of ethanol-D 2 released after hydrolysis of D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside targeting bD-galactosidase.
- FIG. 16e represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside targeting ⁇ -mannosidase.
- Figure 16f shows the amount of ethanol-D4 released after hydrolysis of D4-ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting ⁇ -D-glucosidase.
- FIG. 17a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase.
- FIG. 17b represents the quantity of ethanol-D4 released after hydrolysis of D 4 -ethyl-1- ⁇ -L-fucopyranoside targeting ⁇ -L-fucosidase.
- FIG. 17a represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting b-glucuronidase.
- FIG. 17b represents the quantity of ethanol-D4 released after hydrolysis of D 4 -ethyl-1- ⁇
- FIG. 17c represents the quantity of ethanol- 13CD5 released after hydrolysis of 13CD5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamide targeting N-acetyl-glucosaminidase.
- FIG. 17d represents the quantity of ethanol-D 2 released after hydrolysis of D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside targeting bD-galactosidase.
- FIG. 17e represents the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released after hydrolysis of D 5 -ethyl- ⁇ -mannopyranoside targeting ⁇ -mannosidase.
- Figure 17f shows the amount of ethanol-D4 released after hydrolysis of D4-ethyl- ⁇ -D-glucuronide targeting ⁇ -D-glucosidase.
- FIG. 18 represents the calibration lines showing the signal intensity of ethanol-D4 as a function of the activity (UL 1 ) of ⁇ -L-fucosidase in the presence of the D -ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside probe (10 _3 M) and the performance of the COV probe concept for the detection of this enzyme (LOD and R 2 ).
- the straight lines were drawn for three different kinetic points (2, 4 and 7 h of reaction). Each point was performed in duplicate.
- Figure 18a corresponds to the 2 o'clock kinetic point at 2:30 o'clock
- Figure 18b corresponds to the 4 o'clock kinetic point at 4:30 o'clock
- Figure 18c corresponds to the 7 o'clock kinetic point at 7:30 o'clock.
- Example 1 Optimization of the protocol for detecting tumor enzymatic markers in blood samples; validation with a cocktail probe
- a sample of 4-5 ml_ of blood is taken from patients at the time of their first consultation with the oncologist in charge of the file.
- the plasma (approximately 2 mL) is extracted therefrom and then stored at -20°C until analysis.
- a 25 pL aliquot of plasma is taken and inserted into a 2 mL vial with insert.
- This biological sample is supplemented with 50 ⁇ L acetate buffer solution (pH 5), protease inhibitor (1X) and 25 ⁇ L of probe D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide at 2.10 4 M.
- an SPME sample SPME semi-polar phase type Car/PDMS, 1 cm long and 75 ⁇ m thick with a 24 ga needle; Supelco
- the VOCs trapped on the SPME fiber are then analyzed by GC-TQMS.
- GC-TQMS detection of ethanol isotopes is carried out with gas phase chromatography coupled to a triple quadrupole equipped with an El source (TSQ 9000, Thermo Fisher Scientific). The system is controlled by the TSQ 9000 software and the results are analyzed with the Xcalibur software (Thermo Fisher Scientific). The analysis conditions are summarized in Table 2.
- LOD Limit of detection
- a model enzyme b-glucuronidase from E. coli; 50% glycerol liquid solution, 140 U.mL -1 ; Sigma Aldrich
- D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide probe was then determined.
- a plasma sample for which the activity of endogenous b-glucuronidase was not detectable was supplemented with enzyme concentrations ranging from 1.10 11 to 1.10 13 mol.L -1 .
- the amount of ethanol-D 5 released was monitored before addition of probe then after 2.5, 4.5 and 7.5 h of reaction at 30°C.
- FIG. 1 represents the calibration line allowing the detection of b-glucuronidase after 7.5 h of reaction.
- the detection limit of the enzyme with the probe is between 1.10 13 mol.L -1 (signal to noise of 9) and 5.10 13 mol.L -1 (signal to noise of 37) which leads to a minimum quantity of detectable enzyme equal to 1.10 -18 mol.
- This LOD is 100 times lower than the threshold value obtained using the reference detection method for this same enzyme (Li et al., 2018, Biotechnology Letters, 40, 11 1-118; Xiao et al., 2020, RSC Advances, 10, 22966).
- This method corresponds to the hydrolysis of para-nitrophenol glucuronide. It was carried out in acetate buffer (pH > 10), followed by UV detection at 400 nm of para-nitrophenol ( Figure 2).
- the approach according to the present invention has proven to be 100 to 1000 times more sensitive than very recent strategies involving fluorescent probes such as para-nitrophenol glucuronide (Huo et al. 2018, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 262, 508-515; Guo et al., 2019, Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical, 295, 1-6). It is also 10 times more sensitive than the most sensitive proteomics analyzes (Selevsek et al. 2011, Proteomics, 11, 1135-1147).
- the blood samples were taken by the nursing staff associated with the oncology department, then collected and pre-treated by the CIC.
- This study included plasma samples taken from 11 breast cancer patients and 11 lung cancer patients. These patients were diagnosed, but had not yet received treatment at the time of sampling. Their response was compared with that obtained from plasmas of 4 healthy patients. The results were compared to an experimental blank in which the probe was added, whereas the enzyme was not present therein (FIG. 3). After addition of probe, the quantity of ethanol-D 5 released above the samples from patients suffering from cancer was significantly higher compared to the blanks and to the plasma of the healthy patient. This test therefore makes it possible to discriminate between healthy patients and patients suffering from cancer.
- Example 2 Optimization of the protocol for detecting tumor enzymatic markers on tissue samples (biopsies); validation with a cocktail probe
- the objective here is to develop a protocol to detect target enzymes in the extracellular environment of tumor cells, whereas they should be absent, or have limited activity, in the environment of healthy cells.
- This protocol was first developed to detect b-glucuronidase with the corresponding cocktail probe, D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide.
- Probe solutions at 10 -7 , 10 -6 , 10 -4 and 10 -2 M were prepared in a PBS buffer (137 mM NaCl, 2.7 mM KCl, 10 mM Na 2 HP0 4 , 1.8 mM KH 2 PO 4 , pH 7.4).
- the biopsies were rinsed with 500 ⁇ L of PBS then placed in a vial with a 2 mL insert. A volume of 297 pL of PBS was added to the vial. The volatile molecules present in the headspace of the vial were trapped for 30 min in order to ensure the absence of detection of ethanol-D 5 . Then, 3 ⁇ L of probe at 10 7 , 10 6 , 10 4 or 10 2 M were added (final concentration of probe in the vial of 10 9 , 10 8 , 10 6 or 10 4 M). After sealing and vortexing the vial, the volatile compounds were preconcentrated on SPME fiber (Car/PDMS, Supelco) for 30 min and then analyzed by GC-TQMS (analysis conditions described in Table 2).
- SPME fiber Car/PDMS, Supelco
- Example 3 Preliminary tests with a cocktail of four COV-based probes according to the invention
- a second probe, 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine (probe (2) as defined above) targeting N-acetyl-glucosaminidase was studied.
- a targeted analysis method by GC-MS/MS SRM mode
- 13 CD 5 isotope transitions ethanol- 13 CD 5 transitions: 52>34 and 52>50.
- the detection performances of this compound in the presence of ethanol and of ethanol-D 5 were then verified. It was then demonstrated that in the presence of ethanol and ethanol-D 5 , the specificity and sensitivity of detection of ethanol- 13 C-D 5 are in no way altered.
- the detection ranges for ethanol-D 5 and ethanol- 13 CD 5 were then carried out under the SPME sampling conditions developed for the biological samples (30 min of sampling at 30° C.). The two isotopes were present in mixture in solution. The detection limits obtained are respectively 1.10 9 M and 5.10 9 M.
- the SPME-GC-TQMS method therefore allows a clear differentiation of the two isotopes according to their mass fragmentation.
- N-acetylglucosamine, D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside and D -ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside targets enzymes identified in different types of solid tumors or in the bloodstream of cancer patients.
- this cocktail In order to verify the diagnostic efficacy of this cocktail, it was tested on plasma samples taken from 4 patients with breast cancer and 3 patients with lung cancer. These patients were diagnosed, but had not yet received the treatment adapted to their pathology at the time of sampling.
- the D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside probe does not make it possible to differentiate healthy patients from cancer patients.
- the enzyme targeted by this probe bD-galactosidase, does not appear to be active in the plasma of sick patients.
- the underlying hypotheses would be that the enzyme is not present in the tumor microenvironment (absence of secretion by the tumor or immune cells), or if present, that it has been rendered inactive after denaturation.
- This cocktail of 4 probes was then tested in vivo in order to demonstrate (1) its effectiveness in differentiating healthy animals from diseased animals, and the presence of one or more of the target enzymes in the tumor microenvironment, in real time.
- the concentration of the 4 probes to be injected was determined beforehand according to a precise experimental plan aimed at determining the quantity of each probe inducing a minimal ethanol response for healthy animals (signal reaching a low or even zero basal level).
- the healthy animals received increasing doses of the 4 probes (from 0.5 pg.kg -1 to 100 pg.kg -1 ).
- the animals were then placed in an airtight cage for 1 h.
- the quantity of each The ethanol isotope present in the breath of the animals was then measured for 30 min via an SPME sample, then an analysis on GC-TQMS.
- the optimal injection doses were found to be different for each probe (ie, 1 pg.kg -1 of D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside, 10 pg.kg -1 of D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide and 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine, and finally 100 pg.kg -1 of D -ethyl-1-al-fucopyranoside).
- This result is representative of the variability of penetration/metabolism of each probe, or else of the variation in activity of the 4 targeted enzymes.
- the cocktail was injected into healthy mice and into sick mice after 12 then 15 days of implantation of the xenograft.
- the quantity of ethanol isotopes expired by the animals was measured 1 hour after injection of the cocktail (FIG. 10).
- a negative control on two mice (healthy and sick) was carried out. This consisted of measuring the quantity of the 4 isotopes of ethanol in the air surrounding the mice when they had not received the cocktail. Ethanol-D 5 , ethanol-D4 and ethanol- 13 CD 5 were not detected.
- specific ethanol-D2 transitions gave a strong signal, implying the presence of an interfering compound in the mouse environment. The quantity of ethanol-D2 exhaled by the healthy mice was therefore subtracted from this background noise.
- sick animals were able to be discriminated from healthy animals from 12 days after tumor implantation (minimum duration for tumor implantation in animals) with this cocktail (the expired quantity of 3 out of 4 isotopes was significantly greater for the sick animals).
- D2-ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside probe did not make it possible to differentiate healthy patients from patients with breast or lung cancer, it is here activated in the microenvironment of nasopharyngeal tumors . Thus, this probe makes it possible to discriminate tumors according to their location.
- Example 4 Detection limit of three target enzymes
- the detection limit (LOD) of a model b-glucuronidase (b-glucuronidase from E. coli; 50% glycerol liquid solution, 140 U.mL 1 ; Sigma Aldrich) was measured in plasma matrix in the presence of the probe D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide added at a concentration of 5.10 5 M. The results were presented in the initial submission.
- the detection limit was determined for three additional enzymes: ⁇ -mannosidase, ⁇ -galactosidase, / ⁇ -acetyl-glucosaminidase.
- ⁇ -mannosidase ⁇ -galactosidase
- / ⁇ -acetyl-glucosaminidase ⁇ -mannosidase
- an SPME sample (SPME in semi-polar phase of the Car/PDMS type, 1 cm long and 75 ⁇ m thick with a 24 ga needle; Supelco) of the gas phase at above the sample lasting 30 min will be produced after 2h, 4h and 7h of reaction. Each kinetic point required a reaction vial, and will be carried out in duplicate.
- the VOCs trapped on the SPME fiber are then analyzed by GC-TQMS.
- GC-TQMS detection of ethanol isotopes is performed with phase chromatography gaseous coupled to a triple quadrupole equipped with an El source (TSQ 9000, Thermo Fisher Scientific).
- TSQ 9000 phase chromatography gaseous coupled to a triple quadrupole equipped with an El source (TSQ 9000, Thermo Fisher Scientific).
- TSQ 9000 El source
- Thermo Fisher Scientific Thermo Fisher Scientific
- the detection limit of each of the enzymes is between 1.47.10 ⁇ 3 and 0.345 LU 1 which brings us to a minimum quantity of detectable enzyme less than or equal to 10 13 mol for the commercial enzymes used here.
- a first cocktail consisting of 4 probes (D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide, 13 CD 5 - ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine, D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside and D 4 -ethyl-1-aL-fucopyranoside) was was used to demonstrate in vivo its effectiveness in differentiating healthy animals from diseased animals, and the presence of one or more of the target enzymes in the tumor microenvironment, in real time.
- Anticancer agents targeting these enzymatic activities could be of real interest for the treatment of this type of cancer.
- tumor MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells
- tumor and healthy biopsies were placed in the presence of the cocktail consisting of the 4 D 5 -ethyl ⁇ -D-glucuronide, 13 CD 5 -ethyl-N-acetylglucosamine, D 2 -ethyl ⁇ -D-galactopyranoside and D -ethyl-1 -aL-fucopyranoside probes in order to demonstrate the extracellular activity of 4 corresponding enzymes, respectively targeting b-glucuronidase, N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, bD-galactosidase and Ga-1-fucosidase.
- the concentration of each probe to be added to the tissues was optimized in order to detect only the enzymes present in the extracellular environment ( nb . These 4 glycosidases are also present inside the lysosomes of the cells, whether they are cancerous or healthy). In addition, and as a control measure, the absence of ethanol isotopes was checked on all the tissues tested.
- the healthy biopsies (healthy whole organs) were placed in the presence of increasing concentrations of each probe.
- the biopsies were rinsed twice with 500 ml of acetate buffer (pH 5) then placed in a vial with a 2 ml insert.
- a volume of 270 ml of acetate buffer was added to each vial, then the cocktail was added so as to obtain a concentration of each of the probes ranging from 10 4 to 10 9 M.
- One concentration per probe was selected (figure 14) . It therefore corresponds to the concentration for which the signal of the corresponding ethanol isotope is weak or even absent on healthy tissues (whole or cut; figure 14).
- the cancerous tissues (whole or cut) were then tested under these conditions.
- Example 6 Cocktail for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases: study of SARS-COV-2 infection
- COV-based probes could make it possible to diagnose, predict and monitor the evolution of pathologies such as, for example, inflammation (cancer type) and infections (SARS-COV-type viral infection). 2).
- inflammation cancer type
- SARS-COV-type viral infection SARS-COV-type viral infection. 2
- an ex vivo study aimed at demonstrating the relevance of COV probes as prognostic tracers of SARS-COV-2 infection was conducted. For this, blood samples from 30 patients infected with SARS-COV-2 were tested using six COV-based probes, each targeting a different glycolytic activity.
- an SPME sample (SPME in semi-polar phase of the Car/PDMS type, 1 cm long and 75 ⁇ m thick with a 24 ga needle; Supelco) of the gas phase at above the sample lasting 30 min will be produced after 2h, 4h and 7h of reaction. Each kinetic point requires a reaction vial, and was carried out in duplicate.
- the VOCs trapped on the SPME fiber are then analyzed by GC-TQMS according to the parameters defined in Tables 4 and 5. Cocktail blanks (cocktails in acetate buffer without plasma) and plasma blanks (plasmas in acetate buffer without cocktail) were performed on each analysis day.
- the responses of the probes in the plasma samples were compared with their responses in so-called “blank” samples and corresponding to the probes added in the acetate buffer alone.
- COVID N-acetylglucosaminidase and Ga-mannosidase have higher activity in highly symptomatic patients admitted to intensive care.
- These two enzymes seem to be unfavorable prognostic markers of SARS-COV-2 infection detectable as early as 8 days after infection. Their concentration decreases significantly the following days, but nevertheless remains high in patients who have developed severe symptoms, which makes them markers of SARS-COV-2 infection.
- two other enzyme markers, b-glucuronidase and ⁇ -glucosidase seem to be in place several weeks after infection in patients admitted to intensive care. Their respective activities become discriminating 6 months after infection. These two markers would therefore be markers of chronic post-infection inflammation (ARDS) as developed by patients admitted to intensive care. Monitoring these markers over the longer term would make it possible to verify a regression of inflammation.
- ARDS chronic post-infection inflammation
- b-D-galactosidase and Ga-I-fucosidase cannot differentiate infected patients. Nevertheless, since these two enzymes are markers of solid tumors, they should allow us to discriminate patients with cancer from those with infection.
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