EP4337114A1 - Magnetische kupplung für ein in gefluteter umgebung arbeitendes chirurgisches instrumentenset - Google Patents
Magnetische kupplung für ein in gefluteter umgebung arbeitendes chirurgisches instrumentensetInfo
- Publication number
- EP4337114A1 EP4337114A1 EP22730072.0A EP22730072A EP4337114A1 EP 4337114 A1 EP4337114 A1 EP 4337114A1 EP 22730072 A EP22730072 A EP 22730072A EP 4337114 A1 EP4337114 A1 EP 4337114A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- instrument
- tool
- magnet carrier
- surgical
- motor
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1613—Component parts
- A61B17/162—Chucks or tool parts which are to be held in a chuck
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1613—Component parts
- A61B17/1622—Drill handpieces
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1613—Component parts
- A61B17/1622—Drill handpieces
- A61B17/1624—Drive mechanisms therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/32—Surgical cutting instruments
- A61B17/320016—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes
- A61B17/32002—Endoscopic cutting instruments, e.g. arthroscopes, resectoscopes with continuously rotating, oscillating or reciprocating cutting instruments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B17/16—Instruments for performing osteoclasis; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
- A61B17/1613—Component parts
- A61B17/1628—Motors; Power supplies
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00477—Coupling
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
- A61B2017/00831—Material properties
- A61B2017/00876—Material properties magnetic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/10—Magnets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/126—Seals
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to a surgical tool, a surgical hand instrument for such a surgical tool and a surgical instrument set having at least one surgical tool and a surgical hand instrument.
- the tool, the hand-held instrument or the resulting set of instruments serves to hold and drive a preferably exchangeable surgical effector in the broadest sense, in particular a rotatable surgical effector such as a milling cutter, drill, grinding head or similar tool.
- the tools/instruments In modern minimally invasive surgery, such tools/instruments and associated instrument handpieces/hand instruments are used, for example, for processing bones, cartilage in arthroscopic interventions, in spinal surgery and similar orthopedic/surgical treatments, and for processing organic material in neurosurgery.
- the tools/instruments have a handle section and optionally exchangeable effectors, such as milling cutters, rotary cutters, a polishing head or the like.
- the effector is mounted in a shaft of the tool/instrument at its distal end, possibly mounted in a rotatably driven manner.
- a hydraulic, pneumatic or electric motor drive is provided as the tool drive, which is operatively connected to the tool head (effector) via a torque transmission train within the tool and/or the hand instrument.
- the drives 2 can be integrated in the tool and/or in the hand-held instrument or designed as external drive units that are coupled to the tool or the hand-held instrument via energy supply lines or torque transmission lines.
- DE 102013 111 194 A1 discloses such a surgical instrument with a hand instrument/handpiece and a rotatably driven tool accommodated therein.
- the tool (which is to be coupled with the hand-held instrument) has a sleeve-shaped handle section at its proximal end facing away from the patient's body with an adjoining instrument/tool shaft, at whose distal end facing the patient's body there is an effector which can be rotated in the instrument/tool shaft stored and driven via a motor output shaft.
- the tool can be connected to the hand instrument, in which the drive for the tool is located, via the sleeve-shaped handle section, for example by means of a positive or non-positive connection.
- the connection that supplies the drive with energy is located at the proximal end of the hand instrument.
- the surgical field is completely flooded with saline similar to arthroscopic knee surgery. Milling with the handpiece takes place via the working channel of the endoscope.
- the way of working has great advantages in terms of visibility, heat distribution, especially the rapid dissipation of heat from the bone and the continuous removal of the bone chips.
- the prior art therefore has the disadvantage that the function of the tool is not guaranteed in a completely flooded operating theater work environment.
- the common saline solution used in surgical operations can have a very corrosive effect and can cause massive damage to mechanical components such as ball bearings and tool couplings if it is left in place for a long time after the operation. If used further, the handpiece may fail at any time as a result of contamination. Likewise, it is undesirable for the external area around the surgical field to become soaked and contaminated.
- the disclosure is based on the object of providing a surgical tool with an effector, in particular a rotatably driven effector, and a surgical hand instrument for receiving, in particular rotatably driven receiving, a surgical tool that Compound as an instrument set can be operated reliably and without exception with the full range of functions in a completely flooded and pressurized operating room environment.
- the expected service life of the individual components of the instrument set should also be clearly definable and at least the surgical hand instrument should be suitable for multiple use in order to be able to reduce acquisition and maintenance costs.
- the basic idea of the present disclosure is to effect the torque transmission between a hand instrument-internal torque train or drive and an external tool shank that can be coupled to it, preferably in the area of the coupling point/coupling, without contact and magnetically (exclusively by means of one or more magnetic fields and not as a result of magnetic adhesion) in order to to integrate a fluid barrier in the resulting gap between the tool shank and the torque train, i.e.
- a separate, detachable surgical hand instrument in which the entire drive or at least part of the drive, preferably the coil carrier and the energy supply connected to it, are encapsulated and sealed by means of a fluid barrier
- the connection point being fluid-tight and detachable and the power transmission from the drive of the hand instrument to the rotatably mounted tool shaft of the surgeon
- the tool can be flooded during use without the fluid-sensitive components of the drive being soaked and contaminated by liquids from the operating room environment, thereby impairing the functionality of the instrument set.
- the surgical tool for a motor-driven surgical hand instrument is provided/designed with a tool shank, on whose distal end section an effector is arranged or designed, preferably in the form of a mill, file or drill, and on whose proximal end section a preferably ring-shaped or cylindrical, tool-side magnet carrier is provided or arranged, in or on which a plurality of permanent magnets are fixed at a preferably uniform circumferential distance from one another and in opposite polarity alignment to the respective adjacent magnets in the circumferential direction.
- the permanent magnets arranged spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the surgical tool are preferably in (more adjacent in the circumferential direction) 5 alternating north-south polarity.
- the permanent magnets can be designed as cuboid flat magnets or as cylindrical magnets with north-south polarity and can be attached to the magnet carrier in any number and arrangement, but preferably as eight flat magnets or as six cylindrical magnets. This has the advantage that the different magnet geometries can be used to react to different structural conditions and a uniform magnetic field can be generated in preferred areas of the magnet carrier.
- the surgical tool can have an instrument shaft that is preferably detachable from and mountable on the hand instrument, in which the tool shaft is rotatably mounted such that the magnet carrier protrudes axially out of the instrument shaft at a proximal end thereof or axially spaced from the proximal end of the instrument shaft.
- the detachability of the surgical tool has the advantage that the instrument shank can preferably be designed as a single-use shank, which means that there are no negative effects on the service life of the shank component, such as ball bearings, even if it is heavily soiled. Furthermore, the single-use shaft does not have to be able to be cleaned on the inside and the integrated tool means that no complex effector coupling such as a milling cutter coupling is required, which makes the manufacture of the shaft significantly easier and cheaper.
- the axial protrusion of the magnet carrier or the axial spacing of the magnet carrier from the proximal end of the instrument shaft has the advantage that a power transmission line can be coupled in the connection area between tool and hand instrument or even completely in the hand instrument.
- the surgical tool can have an assembly handle sleeve, which is preferably fixed to the proximal end portion of the 6
- the assembly grip sleeve surrounds the magnet carrier on the circumference and protrudes axially in the proximal direction over the magnet carrier in order to form a mechanical coupling for coupling the instrument shaft to a distal end section of the surgical hand instrument in a protruding section formed thereby form.
- the surgical tool can form an annular gap between the magnet carrier and the assembly handle sleeve.
- the surgical tool preferably includes/has such permanent magnets that can be placed on the end face and/or the lateral surface of the magnet carrier.
- This arrangement of the permanent magnets on the front and/or lateral surface of the magnet carrier can enable different variants of magnetic coupling types, preferably a radial magnetic coupling and/or a front/axial magnetic coupling.
- the surgical tool can be set up in such a way that the permanent magnets can each be arranged with north-south polarity on and/or in the tool-side magnet carrier and in each case to the on the Magnet carriers are arranged radially circumferentially directly adjacent permanent magnets alternately opposite poles. If a comparable arrangement of permanent magnets is provided on the instrument side, the advantage can be achieved that the two magnet arrangements interlock, as it were (as briefly indicated above), which prevents spinning and the transmission of a higher torque through the Attraction to opposing, opposite-polarity magnetic fields and by the simultaneous repulsion to offset-opposite, same-polarity magnetic fields is increased.
- the surgical tool can have a mounting grip sleeve which is preferably held firmly on the proximal end portion of the instrument shaft, the magnet carrier being spaced axially in the proximal direction from the mounting grip sleeve and forming a rotor of an electric motor.
- the axial-proximal spacing of the magnet carrier, preferably a rotor of an electric motor, from the assembly handle sleeve, 7 enables easier manual access, since the magnet carrier is not covered by protruding components such as the assembly handle sleeve. Due to the advantageous accessibility, the magnet carrier, preferably the rotor, can also be detachably fastened to the instrument shaft, as a result of which the rotor can be easily replaced even in the event of a defect or damage.
- the permanent magnets can be arranged in a satellite-like manner on a circular path at a radial distance from the central axis of the magnet carrier.
- a motor-driven surgical hand instrument has a central handle section, a proximal connection section for connecting at least electrical lines or a self-sufficient power source such as a battery, a coil carrier, on or on which a number of electrical coils are mounted, which are connected to the electrical Lines or the power source can be connected and form part of an electric motor and a distal coupling section for mechanically coupling a surgical tool, preferably according to one of the preceding aspects, a fluid barrier, which separates at least the number of electric coils from the coupled tool in a fluid-tight manner, and a rotor, which in is rotatably mounted on the coil carrier and has a motor output shaft which projects into the distal coupling section and on the preferably distal end section of which a magnet carrier, preferably on the instrument side, is arranged or similar which is formed, in or on which a plurality of permanent magnets are fixed at a uniform circumferential distance from one another and in opposite polarity to the respective adjacent permanent magnet
- the rotor can also be the magnet carrier at the same time and that the rotor as magnet carrier can have a plurality of permanent magnets at a uniform circumferential distance from one another and each with opposite polarity to the permanent magnet adjacent in the circumferential direction.
- the rotor can consist of a plurality of permanent magnets, which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the longitudinal axis of the rotor and in each case 8 are arranged in opposite polarity to each other in the circumferential direction adjacent permanent magnet.
- the aforementioned fluid barrier of the surgical hand instrument has the advantage that although it allows force to be transmitted between the magnetic active partners, it completely prevents the ingress of harmful fluids such as corrosive fluids in the drive area of the hand instrument or at least the components supplied with electrical energy, such as preferably a stator or coil carrier completely hermetically sealed from fluids.
- the distal coupling section of the motor output shaft has the advantage that power transmission can take place outside of the hand instrument, which means that fluid sealing of the entire motor and the hand instrument is possible and, due to the transition area between the tool and the surgical hand instrument being located outside the interior of the hand instrument, is also less complex to produce in terms of design .
- the motor-driven surgical hand instrument can have a magnet carrier which is designed as a full-circle disk or full-circle cylinder and in which the permanent magnets are inserted in the end face of the magnet carrier.
- the full-circle disk or the full-circle cylinder can have a conical shape or the shape of a truncated cone, with the larger surface area facing distally of the surgical hand instrument toward a magnetic coupling partner located on the tool shank.
- the conical shape of the magnet carrier increases the effective magnetic surface in the coupling area, while material and weight can be saved on the side facing away from the coupling by reducing the diameter along the central axis in the direction proximal to the hand instrument.
- the motor-driven surgical hand instrument can be set up in such a way that the permanent magnets (as mentioned briefly above) are each arranged with north-south polarity on and/or in the hand-instrument-side magnet carrier and each radially circumferentially directly to that on the magnet carrier 9 adjacent permanent magnets are arranged alternately in opposite polarity, based on the previously described advantages of the tool-side features, to prevent spinning and to transmit a higher torque through the attraction to opposite, opposite-pole magnetic fields and through the simultaneous repulsion to offset-opposite, same-pole magnetic fields , to increase.
- the motor-driven surgical hand instrument can have a fluid barrier which surrounds the magnet carrier essentially over its entire front and peripheral sides, forming an intermediate gap and is connected in a fluid-tight manner to the outer peripheral side of the distal coupling section.
- the arrangement of the fluid barrier in the coupling section offers the advantage that the drive and the surgical hand instrument can be structurally sealed more easily. Furthermore, the intermediate gap between the magnet carrier and the fluid barrier advantageously allows a smooth power transmission, as a result of which an undesired temperature development is prevented. This is particularly important for a high-speed drive, since speeds of 30,000 - 100,000 rpm have to be transmitted here. Furthermore, it is an advantage that, depending on the dimensioning of the intermediate gap, even minor irregularities in the concentricity properties of the motor output shaft can be compensated for without the rotating magnet carrier touching the fluid barrier.
- the magnet carrier of the motor-driven surgical hand instrument can be formed as a sleeve or cup that opens in the distal direction and has a proximal end face and the permanent magnets are arranged on or along the inner circumference of the sleeve or cup.
- a magnetic active partner or a cylindrical magnet can be received and encompassed from the distal direction with the sleeve- or cup-shaped formation, as a result of which a magnetic ring coupling can be produced.
- a radial, magnetic coupling occurs due to an encompassing magnetic active partner and an inner magnetic active partner.
- the ring coupling offers the advantage that the torque from the motor to the tool shank takes place without friction, without wear and without heat generation.
- the ring clutch offers a certain overload protection if the permissible torque is exceeded.
- the fluid barrier of the motor-driven surgical hand instrument can surround the magnet carrier essentially over its outer and inner peripheral side as well as its inner side of the forehead base and connect it fluid-tight to the outer peripheral side of the distal coupling section.
- the fluid barrier of the motor-driven surgical hand instrument can preferably surround at least the radial inner side of the coil carrier and preferably close the proximal end face of the coil carrier, thereby forming a radially and proximally fluid-tight receptacle for a tool-side rotor.
- the advantage of this fluid barrier is that the arrangement in the surgical hand instrument allows a magnetic coupling between the rotor located at the distal end of the tool shank and the coil carrier, which makes it possible to save on components such as additional coupling elements in the power transmission from the motor to the tool shank and so on to improve the efficiency of the drive.
- the permanent magnets can be arranged on a circular path in a satellite-like manner at a radial distance from the central axis of the magnet carrier arranged on the motor output shaft.
- the permanent magnets do not form any in this case 11
- Propeller shape according to which the magnets meet or touch in the central axis, but they form magnetic areas that are spaced apart from one another in the circumferential direction and radially outwards from the central axis.
- a surgical instrument set of the present invention similar to the plug-socket principle or the transmitter-receiver principle, a surgical tool according to one of the preceding aspects and a motor-driven surgical hand instrument according to one of the preceding aspects, which differ structurally and are functionally mutually dependent and interact.
- the surgical instrument set can preferably be designed with a surgical tool and a motor-driven surgical hand instrument in such a way that when the instrument shaft is coupled to the hand instrument, a gap remains between the tool-side and hand-instrument-side magnet carriers with the interposition of the fluid barrier, such that the motor output power is transmitted without contact exclusively via the magnetic interaction between the permanent magnets in the tool-side magnet carrier and the permanent magnets in the tool-side magnet carrier is transferred to the tool.
- the surgical instrument set can be designed with a surgical tool and a motor-driven surgical hand instrument in such a way that when the 12
- the tool-side magnet carrier protrudes as a rotor into the fluid-tight receptacle created by the fluid barrier within the stator, in such a way that the motor output power is transmitted directly to the tool without contact exclusively via the magnetic interaction between the permanent magnets in the tool-side magnet carrier and the coils that can be charged with electric current becomes.
- An advantage of such an embodiment is that fewer intermediate elements, such as an additional coupling for the power transmission train from the hand instrument to the tool, are required, which means that the efficiency of the drive can be improved.
- the disclosure of a first preferred embodiment is based on a completely encapsulated and sealed motor and a detachable hand instrument or handpiece shaft.
- the instrument shaft is screwed or plugged onto the motor and is rotationally coupled to the motor by means of a magnetic coupling.
- the connection between the motor and the instrument shaft has an integrated seal.
- the rotary motion from the motor is transmitted through a fluid/liquid barrier to the instrument shaft and the effector, preferably a milling cutter, only by means of magnetic force.
- the instrument shaft is preferably designed as a single-use shaft. This means that there are no negative effects on the service life of the ball bearings, even in the case of heavy contamination. Likewise, the single-use shaft does not have to be cleanable on the inside.
- the integrated tool means that no effector coupling, preferably a milling cutter coupling, is required, which makes the production of the surgical tool significantly cheaper.
- the magnetic ring coupling consists of an inner magnet carrier and an outer magnet carrier, each of which has eight pairs of flat magnets with the corresponding north-south polarity and in a ring arrangement for optimum torque transmission. 13
- the magnet carrier located in the hand instrument has a peripheral, hermetically sealed cover that serves as a fluid barrier or liquid barrier.
- a peripheral, hermetically sealed cover that serves as a fluid barrier or liquid barrier.
- the magnetic ring coupling offers a certain overload protection if the permissible torque is exceeded.
- a major advantage of this embodiment with a magnetic coupling is that the magnetic forces do not act in the axial direction.
- the magnet carrier or magnet rotor of the instrument shaft centers itself practically independently in the magnet ring of the motor. It is also particularly favorable that the axial tolerances hardly affect the power transmission. As a result, the instrument shaft and also the instrument shaft coupling can be constructed more simply.
- the outer shape is completely identical to the first embodiment.
- Tool attachment and the sealed motor are also comparable and the instrument shaft is also a single-use shaft that connects to the motor with either a screw or push-in connector with an integrated seal.
- the magnet carriers and magnets in the clutch have a different shape and arrangement.
- the magnets are arranged on a turntable. The force coupling thus takes place in the axial direction. The forces acting in this way are absorbed by appropriately dimensioned ball bearings. It can be advantageous to use angular contact ball bearings or additional axial bearings.
- the magnetic disk coupling of the second embodiment can have six cylinder magnet pairs with corresponding north-south polarity in a circular arrangement for optimal torque transmission both on the tool side and on the hand instrument side magnetic disk. 14
- the magnetic disk located in the hand-held instrument is hermetically sealed by a peripheral cover that serves as a liquid barrier, so that the hand-held instrument is sealed in a fluid-tight manner.
- a peripheral cover that serves as a liquid barrier, so that the hand-held instrument is sealed in a fluid-tight manner.
- the magnetic coupling can transmit the torque from the motor to the instrument shaft or tool without friction. This makes the coupling particularly suitable for high-speed drives and there is no wear and no heat generation.
- the magnetic, axial coupling offers a certain overload protection if the permissible torque is exceeded.
- the outer shape is also completely identical to the first and second embodiment, but in this embodiment the instrument shaft is connected directly to the rotor and an additional radial or axial magnetic coupling is dispensed with.
- the rotor has a north-south polarity and protrudes axially in the proximal direction from an assembly handle sleeve of the instrument shaft in order to be able to be accommodated in a cylindrical receiving bore that is open in the distal direction of the hand instrument.
- the tool shaft located in the instrument shaft and in the assembly handle sleeve at the proximal end of which the protruding rotor is located is supported in the area of the assembly handle sleeve by an inserted or screwed-in sleeve with two large radial ball bearings inside the sleeve.
- the coupling section between the assembly handle sleeve and the hand instrument on which the instrument shaft is attached or screwed is sealed with a seal, preferably an O-ring.
- the rotor With the instrument shaft attached to the hand instrument, the rotor cantilevers into the receiving bore of the hand instrument and is in a designated operating position. In the operating position there is a direct coupling between the rotor 15 and a coil carrier, preferably the stator of the hand-held instrument, without the need for additional coupling elements for the power transmission line between the hand-held instrument and the effector.
- the stator is encapsulated and hermetically sealed and is, so to speak, fluid-protected behind a wall of the receiving bore and surrounds the rotor on the peripheral side.
- the proximal end face of the receiving bore is also sealed in a fluid-tight manner, so that both the coil carrier and its power supply, as well as the electrical connections of the hand-held instrument, are protected from fluid.
- the rotor can be detachable from the instrument shaft, preferably a single-use shaft, in order to be able to reuse the rotor as well as the motor and the hand instrument.
- the possibility of decoupling the rotor means that costs and resources can be saved.
- the coupling between the rotor and the instrument shaft can take place via a locking mechanism, a screw connection, preferably with a thread running in opposite directions, or by using the magnetic properties of the rotor.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument set according to the disclosure with a surgical tool coupled to a surgical hand instrument
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument set according to a first embodiment of the disclosure with the surgical tool and surgical hand instrument disengaged
- FIG 3 is a perspective view of the surgical tool according to the first embodiment with permanent magnets arranged radially on the circumference on the magnet carrier, which is located within an assembly handle sleeve 16
- connection cover 4 is a perspective partial view of a distal connection section of the hand instrument according to the first embodiment in FIG. 2, the front end of the connection cover being cut orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the hand instrument in order to show annularly arranged permanent magnets located in a connection sleeve
- FIG. 5 is a sectional view through the longitudinal axis of the surgical instrument set according to the first embodiment with an enlarged area marked in a coupling portion shown in more detail in FIG. 6
- FIG. 6 is an enlargement of the area marked in FIG. 5 and shows the coupling portion according to the first embodiment in more detail
- FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a disengaged surgical instrument set including a surgical tool and a surgical hand instrument according to a second embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the surgical tool according to the second embodiment with cylindrical magnets embedded in a magnet carrier, protruding at the front and with the magnet carrier being located in an assembly grip sleeve
- connection cover 9 is a perspective partial representation of a distal connection section of the hand instrument according to the second embodiment in FIG. 7, the connection cover being cut at the front orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the hand instrument in order to show a magnet carrier located in the connection with cylindrical magnets embedded therein
- FIG. 10 is a sectional view through the longitudinal axis of the surgical instrument set according to the second embodiment with an enlarged area marked in a coupling portion shown in more detail in FIG. 11
- FIG. 11 is an enlargement of the area marked in FIG. 10 and shows the coupling portion according to the second embodiment in more detail 17
- FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument set according to a third embodiment of the disclosure with the surgical tool and surgical hand instrument disengaged
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view of the surgical tool according to the third embodiment with a rotor protruding from an assembly handle sleeve
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view from the distal direction of a receiving hole in the surgical hand instrument according to the third embodiment for receiving the rotor protruding from the surgical tool according to the third embodiment
- FIG. 15 is a sectional view through the longitudinal axis of the surgical instrument set according to the third embodiment with an enlarged area marked in a coupling portion shown in more detail in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 15 is a sectional view through the longitudinal axis of the surgical instrument set according to the third embodiment with an enlarged area marked in a coupling portion shown in more detail in FIG. 16.
- FIG. 16 is an enlargement of the area marked in FIG. 15 and shows the coupling portion according to the third embodiment in more detail
- 17 is an exploded view of the surgical instrument set cut along the longitudinal axis according to the third embodiment and shows a surgical tool to the proximal end of which a rotor can be detachably attached and a surgical hand instrument with a receiving bore in the distal direction for receiving the rotor
- the surgical instrument set 1 shows a first embodiment of a surgical instrument set 1 according to the disclosure.
- the surgical instrument set 1 has a surgical hand instrument/instrument handpiece 2 and a surgical (shaft) tool 3.
- the surgical tool 3 has at its distal end an effector 4 which is operatively connected to an instrument shaft 5 (relatively rotatable), the instrument shaft 5 is designed as an outer sleeve 5 of the tool 3.
- the effector 4 can in particular be a drilling, milling, grinding or polishing head.
- a (conical) assembly grip sleeve 6 on the instrument shaft 5 or on the outer sleeve 5, which is preferably firmly connected to the outer sleeve 5 and which extends in the distal direction to the Effector 4 tapered.
- the mounting grip sleeve 6 can be connected to the hand instrument 2 by means of a form fit and/or force fit, specifically with a screw or plug connection.
- the assembly grip sleeve 6 has a profiled grip section 7 with, for example, knobs or grooves, the profiling of the grip section 7 consisting of radial and axial depressions between which elevations are formed.
- the surgical hand instrument 2 has at its distal end (facing the patient's body) a distal coupling section 8 onto which the surgical tool 3 can be plugged or screwed.
- the surgical hand instrument 2 has a proximal connection section 10 by means of which it is connected to an energy supply unit or the like.
- the surgical tool 3 and the surgical hand instrument 2 are in FIG. 2 in a separate, uncoupled state, as a result of which the distal coupling section 8 can be seen more precisely.
- a sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 adjoins the distal coupling section 8 , in which a cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 for a non-contact, magnetic force coupling to the surgical tool 3 is located.
- 19 cup-shaped means that the magnet carrier 12 has an elongated-cylindrical depression open on one side with a closed bottom.
- the sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 covers the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 all around and forms a hermetically sealed liquid barrier that prevents liquids from penetrating the surgical hand instrument 2 .
- the uncoupled surgical tool 3 is shown in FIG. 3 from the proximal direction, so that a tool-side, cylindrical magnet carrier 13 can be seen.
- the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 is non-rotatably attached to the proximal end of a tool shaft 14 rotatably mounted in the outer sleeve (instrument shaft) 5 and is rotatably mounted with it.
- the annular gap 15 is used by the sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 to engage in the assembly handle sleeve 6 and at the same time to enclose the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 when the surgical tool 3 and the surgical hand instrument 2 are connected to each other.
- the sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 is located in the free space formed by the annular gap 15 between the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 and the assembly handle sleeve 6 and encompasses the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 on the circumference and at the front.
- This arrangement allows for a radial magnetic coupling 17 between the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 and the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12.
- FIG. 4 shows a distal portion of the uncoupled surgical hand instrument 2 with the distal coupling section 8 and the sleeve-like fluid barrier 11 .
- the sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 is cut orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the surgical hand instrument 2 in order to be able to view the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 located in the sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 .
- the tubular fluid barrier 11 embraces the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 shown in FIG. 3 while it engages a cylindrical opening 16 within the tubular fluid barrier 11 when the surgical tool 3 and the surgical hand instrument 2 are connected.
- the magnetic operative connection of the radial, magnetic coupling is achieved by eight flat magnets 18 each with north-south polarity N, S, which are evenly distributed both on the outer circumference of the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 and on the Inner circumference of the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 are generated.
- N north-south magnetic polarity
- S alternates circumferentially from permanent magnet 18 to permanent magnet 18 on the respective magnet carrier 12, 13. This increases the inhibition against spinning and the transmission of a higher torque through the attraction between the opposing, opposite-pole and corresponding permanent magnets 18, which are located on the one hand on the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 and on the other hand on the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12, and at the same time also through the repulsion of the magnetic fields between the cylindrical magnet carrier 13 and the cup-shaped magnet 12 offset opposite, homopolar permanent magnets 18.
- the permanent magnets 18 located on the outer circumference of the magnet carrier 13 alternate in the circumferential direction with the directly adjacent permanent magnet 18 in the north-south polarity, so that a permanent magnet 18 with north polarity N on the outer circumference is followed by a circumferentially directly adjacent permanent magnet 18 with south polarity S on the outer circumference follows.
- a permanent magnet with north polarity N on the outer circumference is flanked in both circumferential directions by the directly adjacent permanent magnets with south polarity on the outer circumference, as shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 the connected instrument set 1 according to the first embodiment is shown in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis.
- the electrical energy provided by the proximal connection section 10 is transmitted to the electric motor 19 indicated schematically in the surgical hand instrument 2 .
- Torque is transmitted from the electric motor 19 to a motor output shaft 20 which transfers the torque to the tool shank via the radial, magnetic coupling 17
- the electric motor 19 consisting of a stator 21 and a rotor 22 generates a torque which is passed on via the rotor 22 to the motor output shaft 20 and the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 .
- the rotor 22 can be connected to the proximal, widened shaft end 23 of the motor output shaft 20 via a plug or screw connection.
- the proximal end of the shaft 23 has a larger outer diameter in order to be able to provide a suitable seat for the rotor 22 for non-rotatable attachment.
- the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 is connected to the motor output shaft 20 in a torque-proof manner at the distal end thereof, preferably by means of a press fit. 22
- the electric motor 19 and the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 are encapsulated in a fluid-tight manner by the fluid barrier 11 at the distal end of the hand instrument 2, which surrounds the outer and inner peripheral side and the inner side of the end face of the cup-shaped magnet carrier 12 and is connected to the outer peripheral side of the distal coupling section .
- seal 26 at the transition area of the fluid barrier 11 and the distal coupling section 8 as well as the proximal end section of the assembly handle sleeve 6.
- the seal 26 can be designed here, for example, as an O-ring and prevents liquid from escaping via the instrument shaft 5 on the tool side has occurred, exits at the distal coupling section 8 between the tool 3 and the hand instrument 2 and restricts the operator when handling the instrument set 1 and contaminates the handle of the hand instrument 2.
- the force transmitted via the electric motor 19 to the motor output shaft 20 and the sleeve-shaped magnet carrier 12 is transmitted radially inwards via the sleeve-shaped fluid barrier 11 as torque to the cylindrical magnet carrier 12 which is fixed to the tool shank 14 in a torque-proof manner.
- the tool shank 14 is rotatably supported by a radial ball bearing 29 located in the assembly handle sleeve, so that the tool shank 14 can transmit the torque to the effector 4 .
- FIG. 7 shows an uncoupled set of instruments 1 according to a second embodiment of the invention.
- the main difference between the first and the second embodiment lies in the design of the coupling section.
- there is a cylindrical fluid barrier 30 at the distal end of the hand-held device 2 which is located in the axial direction between a first disk-shaped magnet carrier 31 and a second disk-shaped magnet carrier 32 when the instrument set 1 is in the connected state.
- the tool 3 is shown in perspective from the proximal direction, whereby the second disc-shaped magnet carrier 32, which is located in the assembly handle sleeve 6, can be seen.
- the second disc-shaped magnet carrier 32 has six cylindrical magnets 33 with a north-south polarity N, S and is fixed to the tool shank 14 in a rotationally fixed manner.
- the cylindrical magnets 33 are arranged radially at equal distances from one another around the tool shank 14 and are flush with the end faces of the second disc-shaped magnet carrier 32 .
- N, S alternates from permanent magnet 33 to permanent magnet 33 .
- FIG. 9 a distal section of the uncoupled surgical hand instrument 2 with the distal coupling section 8 and the cylindrical fluid barrier 30 is shown.
- the cylindrical fluid barrier 30 is cut orthogonally to the longitudinal axis of the surgical hand instrument 2 in order to be able to view the first disc-shaped magnet carrier 31 located in the cylindrical fluid barrier 30 .
- the first disc-shaped magnet carrier 31 also has six cylindrical magnets 33 with north-south polarity N, S and is non-rotatable on the motor output shaft 24
- the magnets 33 are arranged radially around the motor output shaft 20 at equal distances from one another.
- FIG. 10 the connected instrument set 1 according to the second embodiment is shown in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis.
- the embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the coupling section, which is emphasized in the enlargement area XI and shown enlarged in FIG.
- the first disk-shaped magnet carrier 31 and the second disk-shaped magnet carrier 32 are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the instrument set 1 and with their respective end faces lying opposite one another.
- the cylindrical magnets 33 of the first disc-shaped magnet carrier 31 couple via magnetic forces with the respective opposite-pole cylindrical magnets 33 of the second disc-shaped magnet carrier 32. This creates an axially acting, magnetic coupling 34, which is activated by the alternating polarity of the magnets on the respective magnet carrier , which can transmit radially acting torque.
- the cylindrical fluid barrier 30 encompasses the first disc-shaped magnet carrier 31 essentially over its entire front and peripheral sides and encapsulates the distal end of the surgical hand instrument 2 in a fluid-tight manner.
- a first air gap 35 is formed between the first disk-shaped magnet carrier 31 and the cylindrical fluid barrier 30, and a second air gap 36 is formed between the second disk-shaped magnet carrier 32 and the fluid barrier 30, as a result of which frictionless and contact-free power transmission between the first disk-shaped magnet carrier 31 and second disc-shaped magnet carrier 32 across the cylindrical fluid barrier 30 in the axial longitudinal direction of the instrument set 1 is made possible.
- the axial, magnetic coupling 34 is thus made possible by the elements described above.
- FIG. 12 shows a third embodiment of the surgical instrument set 1 according to the invention.
- the third embodiment differs from the first two embodiments in that the coupling section of the power transmission train and the fluid barrier are in the surgical hand instrument 2 25 located.
- the rotor 22 protrudes from the uncoupled tool 3 of the third embodiment at the proximal end of the assembly grip sleeve 6 and is accommodated in a receiving bore 37 in the connected state of the instrument set 1 .
- the tool 3 is shown in perspective from the proximal direction, whereby the rotor 22, which is rotatably mounted by a ball bearing sleeve 38 installed in the assembly grip sleeve 6, can be seen.
- FIG. 14 the surgical hand instrument can be seen from the distal direction so that the interior of the receiving bore 37 can be viewed.
- FIG. 15 shows the connected instrument set 1 according to the third embodiment in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis.
- the coupling section and the interior space in the surgical hand instrument 2 are emphasized by the enlarged area XVI and shown enlarged in FIG.
- the force is transmitted in the form of a torque from the stator 21 to the rotor 22, with the rotor 22 being connected directly, without intermediate coupling, to a tool shank 39 protruding into the surgical hand-held instrument 2 in a rotationally fixed manner .
- the stator 21 and all electrical supply lines are protected in a fluid-tight manner by a hermetically sealed inner wall 40 of the bore opening 37 .
- the sealed inner wall 40 can effectively seal off any liquid that gets into the drill opening of the hand-held instrument 2 via the instrument shaft 5 of the tool 3 from power-supplied components.
- a magnetic power transmission from the stator 21 to the rotor 22 and the tool shank 39 is made possible without additional coupling elements.
- the tool shank 39 protrudes from the mounting handle sleeve 6 and is supported by the ball bearing sleeve 38.
- the ball bearing sleeve 38 is connected to the inside of the assembly handle sleeve 6, preferably via a screw connection.
- the transition area between the tool 3 and the hand instrument 2 is connected to one another in a fluid-tight manner by a seal 26, preferably an O-ring, so that liquids that have entered the interior of the tool 3 via the instrument shaft 5 do not escape at the connection area 8 and can limit the operator's work.
- FIG. 17 shows an exploded drawing of the instrument set 1 of the third embodiment, cut along the longitudinal axis.
- the rotor 22 can also be detachably attached to the tool shank 39 by means of a latching mechanism, a
- Screw connection with opposing threads or fixed in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a magnetic connection Screw connection with opposing threads or fixed in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a magnetic connection.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021112609.6A DE102021112609A1 (de) | 2021-05-14 | 2021-05-14 | Magnetische Kupplung für ein in gefluteter Umgebung arbeitendes chirurgisches Instrumentenset |
| PCT/EP2022/062969 WO2022238541A1 (de) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-05-12 | Magnetische kupplung für ein in gefluteter umgebung arbeitendes chirurgisches instrumentenset |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4337114A1 true EP4337114A1 (de) | 2024-03-20 |
Family
ID=82020853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22730072.0A Pending EP4337114A1 (de) | 2021-05-14 | 2022-05-12 | Magnetische kupplung für ein in gefluteter umgebung arbeitendes chirurgisches instrumentenset |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4337114A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024518990A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN117320642A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021112609A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022238541A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118750098B (zh) * | 2024-09-06 | 2025-02-07 | 湖南省华芯医疗器械有限公司 | 一种取石网篮前端组件及取石网篮 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2514250A1 (fr) * | 1981-10-08 | 1983-04-15 | Artus | Piece a main a moteur integre |
| US6517560B1 (en) | 2000-11-27 | 2003-02-11 | Duke University | Hand-held surgical instruments employing magnetic couplings for simultaneous rotary and longitudinal oscillations of distal workpieces |
| AU2013204168B2 (en) * | 2008-09-05 | 2016-08-04 | Stryker Corporation | Surgical handpiece including a rotor having a bore in which magnets are disposed |
| US8403916B2 (en) | 2009-02-26 | 2013-03-26 | Enteroptyx | Surgical instrument having a magnetically driven detachable tool assembly |
| JP2012045047A (ja) * | 2010-08-24 | 2012-03-08 | Kamikawa Seisakusho:Kk | 回転運動装置 |
| DE102013111194A1 (de) | 2013-10-10 | 2015-04-16 | Aesculap Ag | Chirurgisches Instrumentenhandstück, sowie chirurgisches Instrument und OP-Set mit einem solchen Instrumentenhandstück |
| US20150201918A1 (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2015-07-23 | Osseodyne Surgical Solutions, Llc | Surgical Handpiece |
| US9855069B2 (en) * | 2014-09-11 | 2018-01-02 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Magnetic coupling motor drive for surgical cutting instrument |
| WO2017206691A1 (zh) * | 2016-05-31 | 2017-12-07 | 重庆西山科技股份有限公司 | 磁力驱动医用手柄 |
| KR102903298B1 (ko) * | 2019-05-15 | 2025-12-24 | 스트리커 코포레이션 | 회전 필드 비트 식별부를 갖는 전동 수술용 드릴 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-14 DE DE102021112609.6A patent/DE102021112609A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-12 WO PCT/EP2022/062969 patent/WO2022238541A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-05-12 CN CN202280035181.4A patent/CN117320642A/zh active Pending
- 2022-05-12 JP JP2023570261A patent/JP2024518990A/ja active Pending
- 2022-05-12 EP EP22730072.0A patent/EP4337114A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE102021112609A1 (de) | 2022-11-17 |
| CN117320642A (zh) | 2023-12-29 |
| JP2024518990A (ja) | 2024-05-08 |
| WO2022238541A1 (de) | 2022-11-17 |
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