EP4334591A1 - Vorrichtung zur kompression eines gases und verfahren zum füllen eines tanks mit einer derartigen vorrichtung - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zur kompression eines gases und verfahren zum füllen eines tanks mit einer derartigen vorrichtungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4334591A1 EP4334591A1 EP22728380.1A EP22728380A EP4334591A1 EP 4334591 A1 EP4334591 A1 EP 4334591A1 EP 22728380 A EP22728380 A EP 22728380A EP 4334591 A1 EP4334591 A1 EP 4334591A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- pressure
- tank
- compression
- compression stage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
- F04B39/08—Actuation of distribution members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
- F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
- F04B37/18—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use for specific elastic fluids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/08—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid
- F04B9/10—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid
- F04B9/103—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber
- F04B9/1035—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being fluid the fluid being liquid having only one pumping chamber the movement of the pump piston in the two directions being obtained by two single-acting liquid motors each acting in one direction
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for compressing a gas that is preferably suitable for a drive, for example hydrogen, and a device for filling a tank, preferably a land vehicle, water vehicle or aircraft, with such a device.
- hydrogen can be used as a fuel to power a hydrogen internal combustion engine (hydrogen engine) that operates in the manner of a conventional internal combustion engine.
- hydrogen engine hydrogen internal combustion engine
- a further disadvantage of such solutions is that the complex structure of the internal combustion engine is maintained and, moreover, increased expenditure is required for storing the fuel.
- a problem with such concepts is that the fuel, referred to below as gas, is stored in a tank at a comparatively high pressure, so that the tank station for filling the tank must be designed accordingly.
- 10,753,539 B2 describes a tank station in which the gas is also accommodated in a variable-volume accumulator, for example a bladder accumulator, with the pressurization also taking place hydraulically.
- a variable-volume accumulator for example a bladder accumulator
- the hydraulic pressure medium is sucked out of a tank and brought to the desired pressure by a pump, the outlet connection of the pump being connected to the space of the accumulator, which is filled with the hydraulic pressure medium.
- US Pat. No. 10,753,539 B2 proposes connecting three such variable-volume stores in parallel.
- the publication WO 2006/034748 A1 describes a device for compressing a gaseous medium, in which the compression of the gas also takes place in a compressor/accumulator, in which the gas to be compressed and an ionic liquid are accommodated, the latter via a hydraulic pump pressurized to compress the gas.
- the ionic liquid is designed in such a way that it has a very low vapor pressure, so that the ionic liquid is not carried over into the medium to be compressed, in this case the fuel gas, only to a very small extent, so that the both components can be separated from each other with comparatively little effort.
- the invention is based on the object of creating a device for compressing a gas, for example hydrogen, which also makes it possible to fill up tanks with a large capacity or several tanks in parallel.
- a gas for example hydrogen
- the invention is also based on the object of providing a corresponding method for filling a tank.
- the device according to the invention is designed in particular for compressing a gas suitable for a drive, for example hydrogen, and has a supply pressure source or is connected to such a pressure source that provides the gas subjected to a supply pressure.
- the device also has at least two compression stages, each having at least one (linear) compressor, in particular in the form of an accumulator and/or in the form of a booster, for the gas, with the term “accumulator” being understood to mean a compressor/storage device, which is designed to receive the gas and, for filling, for example a tank, to apply a pressure via a hydraulic drive that is above the supply pressure or outlet pressure. Accordingly, the gas within the compressors can be pressurized with the predetermined pressure via a hydraulic fluid.
- valve logic (valve circuit) is provided on the gas side, which is designed in such a way that one or more gas connections of the compressors can be connected to a tank, for example a vehicle tank, and/or a gas connection of a compressor of a downstream stage.
- valve logic is also designed in such a way that the pressure source can also be connected directly to the tank to be filled and/or the gas connection of a compressor.
- valve logic is to be understood as meaning a suitable valve circuit, preferably with a pressure control valve assigned to a tank, with the assigned control/regulation by means of a control device.
- Such a device makes it possible, according to the method according to the invention, to selectively apply the supply pressure to a compressor of a first compression stage on the gas side and to initially fill the tank with gas from the pressure source (at the supply pressure).
- the gas received in the first compressor is then compressed via the hydraulic drive and the tank is subjected to a corresponding pressure from the first compressor.
- a compressor of a following compression stage is prestressed/precharged, so that it is prestressed to the outlet pressure of the first compression stage.
- the gas is then hydraulically compressed in the compressor of the second compression stage, so that the gas in the tank is compressed to the outlet pressure of the second compression stage.
- compression is understood to mean compression/compression of the gas in the tank, with the tank also being refilled during this compression to compensate for the change in volume of the gas caused by the compression.
- This procedure can be continued accordingly with further compression stages until the desired target pressure of, for example, about 1000 bar or 480 bar is reached in order to refuel systems with 700 bar or 350 bar tank pressure.
- This procedure makes it possible to carry out refueling with minimal energy losses and also with minimal pressure loss via a pressure control valve connected upstream of the respective tank. Furthermore, even with comparatively small volumes of the compressors, the storage volumes and thus the dead volume can be kept to a minimum by mutual pre-filling during refueling. Due to the pressurization of the downstream compression stage during filling of the tank with the outlet pressure lower compression stage, the next refueling process can also be initiated without time-consuming loading/unloading of the compressors.
- the compressor is a linear compressor in the form of an accumulator and/or in the form of a booster. Accordingly, embodiments are also conceivable where both accumulators and boosters are used as compressors. In this case, two boosters can be used for one accumulator, in particular, with the (total) compression volume of the compression stage being intended to be unchanged compared to the use of one accumulator.
- the booster ratios may differ between compression stages.
- all boosters can be operated with an identical hydraulic pressure/drive pressure (e.g. 350 bar) and the boosters can act as a kind of pressure reducer in lower compression stages, based on a pressure ratio between hydraulic pressure and pressure of the gas to be compressed, and in the upper compression stages as one Type of pressure booster, based on a pressure ratio between the hydraulic pressure and the pressure of the gas to be compressed.
- a transmission ratio of the booster between the hydraulic pressure and the pressure of the gas to be compressed can be either greater than 1 or less than 1, depending on the location and/or purpose of use of the booster.
- the booster can be either a two-chamber booster or a three-chamber booster.
- a pressure increase in the pressure ratio between the hydraulic pressure and the pressure of the gas to be compressed can preferably be a two-chamber booster, and a pressure reduction in the pressure ratio between the hydraulic pressure and the pressure of the gas to be compressed can preferably be a three-chamber booster act.
- An extension movement of the piston/stamp (compression of the gas) is caused by the hydraulic pressure or caused by an increase in hydraulic pressure.
- a retracting movement of the piston is caused by the pressure of the gas to be compressed.
- the retraction movement of the piston can be supported by hydraulic pressure, which is preferably applied to the circumference of the piston.
- boosters By using boosters as compressors, it can be achieved that no or only small amounts of liquid occur in the vicinity of a dynamic rod sealing system (gas seal) or that another liquid can be used to lubricate the rod sealing system of the booster.
- the properties of the first (driving) and second (lubricating) liquid can be chosen differently, which makes it possible to choose an inexpensive driving liquid while using a high-quality sealing liquid.
- hydrogen escaping via the rod seal cannot get into a hydraulic main drive system, but can be drained off separately.
- boosters as compressors
- costs can be reduced for the hydraulic pumps and other hydraulic components for the compression stages that require gas pressures above 350 bar.
- Hydraulic components rated under 350 bar are considered standard equipment that is widely available.
- hydraulic pumps with a lower flow or lower flow capacity can be selected for these compression stages, which leads to a cost reduction in the hydraulic pumps that also work with a more efficient working pressure.
- Replacing the rod seal system does not require the linear compressors (in this case the boosters) to be placed horizontally (as with the Replacing the piston seals of large accumulators), which reduces space requirements.
- One design of the booster does not require a bolted or riveted removable cover on the high pressure side to access the sealing system, allowing for a more cost effective design.
- valve logic is then designed to connect the gas connection of the compressor of a compression stage to the gas connection of a compressor of the following compression stage in order to carry out the pre-filling without loss of time.
- a compressor of a first compression stage is preloaded/prefilled with the supply pressure and a compressor of a subsequent compression stage with a gas pressure corresponding to the outlet pressure of the preceding compression stage. During the subsequent operation, this pre-filling is then carried out by the preceding compression stage in parallel with the pressurization of the tank.
- the compressor of the first compression stage is preloaded on the fluid side with low pressure, preferably ambient pressure
- the compressor of the following compression stage is preloaded on the fluid side with a pressure corresponding to the outlet pressure of the preceding compression stage.
- Such hydraulic logic contains all the necessary valves and units, such as pumps for pressurizing the hydraulic side of the respective compressor. This hydraulic logic is also controlled via the control unit or a separate hydraulic control unit, which of course has a data and signal connection with the gas-side control unit.
- the invention is not limited to an embodiment with two compression stages, but almost any number of compression stages can be connected in series to bring the gas to the predetermined pressure, with these compression stages, as explained above, being in operative connection with the tank one after the other be brought, wherein the output pressure of a compression stage is in each case a pre-filling of the following compression stage.
- all compressors of one or all sets are primed/pre-compressed to their maximum outlet pressure so that the total internal storage capacity of the system is maximized.
- the filling of the tank can then be controlled via the valve logic, in particular via a pressure control valve, so that the pressure in the tank is controlled according to the control characteristics of this pressure control valve (or the like). It is particularly preferred if each compression stage is designed with at least two compressors, so that a corresponding number of compressor sets is provided to form the compression stages.
- the compressors in particular in the form of accumulators, can be pressurized on the fluid side via the hydraulic logic and at least one pump and optionally via a booster in order to set the desired pressure on the gas side.
- each compression stage of one or more sets is optionally assigned a hydraulic pump or motor-pump unit.
- these pumps can also be connected in parallel in order to supply the respective compressors with pressure medium.
- the motor-pump unit is designed in such a way that a large number of hydraulic pumps are driven by a common motor. The drive can take place directly via the motor shaft or an interposed gear or the like.
- the gas-side valve logic is designed in such a way that the gas connections of the respective sets of compressors can be connected to a corresponding number of tanks or to a larger tank, so that simultaneous refueling of several vehicles/tanks or a large tank is possible in a short time is.
- the compressors of each compression stage have approximately the same structure. It is particularly advantageous if the outlet pressure of each compression stage is approximately twice the respective inlet pressure.
- the compressors can be in the form of piston accumulators, bladder accumulators, membrane accumulators or can be operated with an ionic fluid.
- the device according to the invention is designed with two or four compression stages. Some or all of the compression stages can be biased/driven via a booster.
- the gas flow can be cooled between the compressors or towards the tank.
- the compressors per se can be designed with cooling.
- a separator can also be provided downstream of the last compression stage, via which fluid components in the gas or—particularly in the case of a piston accumulator—parts introduced into the gas side by evaporated lubricants can be separated.
- the pumps for driving the hydraulic side of the compressor can preferably be variable displacement pumps or constant pumps with a variable-speed drive or a motor-pump unit, so that different APRR characteristics (average pressure ramp rate profiles) can be set according to the control of the pump(s).
- the pumps can be adjustable hydraulic pumps, which can be controlled in their flow rate and from a conventional one Electric motor can be driven. All pump shafts of the pumps can be driven by an electric motor.
- the electric motors can be controlled by an engine controller, with energy recovery being enabled via the engine controller.
- storage buffer capacities can also be assigned to the compressors, through which further APRR variants can be set.
- the gas side of the compressors can be pre-compressed/pre-charged before connection to the tank, in which case the above-described APRR characteristic is then controlled via a suitable valve arrangement, for example a pressure directional valve, after connection to the tank.
- a suitable valve arrangement for example a pressure directional valve
- This compression of the gas within the compressor can continue if the pressure difference across the pressure control valve falls below a minimum.
- This situation can be relevant, for example, when the refueling process is stopped or interrupted (e.g. by the user) before the gas is compressed within the compressor.
- the compressors are controlled in such a way that their maximum capacity for filling the tank(s) can be utilized at any time.
- each tank is preceded by a pressure control valve or another valve of a suitable type for pressure control, whereby the controller can be designed in such a way that if the pressure drop across this valve falls below a predetermined level, the compressor from which the tank is supplied is compressed .
- FIG. 1 shows a hydraulic circuit of a device according to the invention for refueling/filling vehicle tanks
- FIG. 2 shows a detailed illustration of a subsystem of the circuit according to FIG. 1;
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram in which the pressure in compressors of the circuit according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is shown over time;
- FIG. 4 shows a hydraulic circuit of a device according to the invention for refueling/filling vehicle tanks in an alternative embodiment.
- Figure 5 shows a booster according to a first embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows a booster according to a second embodiment.
- Figure 1 shows an example of a circuit diagram of a tank station 1, which is designed for filling up tanks 2, 4 of two vehicles and which is designed with a device 6 according to the invention for compressing/compressing hydrogen or another gas.
- the invention is in no way limited to an application for filling up vehicle tanks, but can also be used, for example, to fill up other tanks, for example tanks arranged on trailers or containers, for example with a capacity of 1200 kg.
- the inventive system can also be used to smaller tanks, for example with a Capacity of 2 x 40 kg or 1 x 80 kg to be refueled simultaneously or across all sets.
- the device 6 is connected to a supply network, referred to below as supply pressure source 8 , hydrogen being provided at a supply pressure pO of, for example, 60 bar via this pressure source 8 .
- supply pressure source 8 hydrogen being provided at a supply pressure pO of, for example, 60 bar via this pressure source 8 .
- This pressure is of course too low to fill tanks 2, 4 with the required tank pressure, for example 350 bar or 700 bar, so that a compressor/accumulator arrangement 10 is provided accordingly in order to build up the required tank pressure.
- the accumulator arrangement has four compression stages 12, 14, 16, 18, each compression stage having a set (subsystem) with two identical accumulators 20a, 20b; 22a, 22b; 24a, 24b and 26a, 26b.
- the gas is compressed from the supply pressure pO to an intermediate pressure p1, which is approximately 120 bar, for example.
- this intermediate pressure p1 is compressed to a higher pressure p2, which is approximately 240 bar, for example.
- the gas is then compressed from the further pressure p2 to a first tank pressure p3 of approximately 480 bar and via the set 18 from this first tank pressure p3 to a high tank pressure p4 of approximately 1000 bar.
- vehicles that require a tank pressure of approximately 350 bar can then be refueled via the compression stage 16 with the first tank pressure p3, while the compression stage 18 is used to refuel vehicles that require a tank pressure of approximately 700 bar.
- the accumulators are each designed as a piston accumulator, with the piston in each case separating a gas chamber that absorbs the hydrogen from a fluid chamber filled with hydraulic fluid, which is connected to the pressure connection of a hydraulic pump or to a Tank can be connected in order to apply pressure to the gas-side pressure chamber or to relieve pressure.
- the sets each form compression stages 12, 14, 16, 18, so that in the exemplary embodiment shown, four compression stages are provided in order to compress the gas, starting from the supply pressure p0, to the high pressure p4.
- the gas is compressed from the comparatively low pressure p2 to the comparatively high pressures p3 and p4 with the aid of a booster 48, 50, which is connected to the working lines 44, 46 and their outlet connection 52, 54 via a Booster logic 56 is connected to the compression stages 16, 18.
- boosters 48, 50 can also be dispensed with, so that the compression/increase takes place essentially with the aid of the accumulators 20, 22, 24, 26 and the hydraulic pumps 28, 30, 32, 34.
- boosters can also be used for support in the low-pressure range (compression stages 12, 14), so that the hydraulic pumps 28, 30,
- 32, 34 can be designed with a lower maximum pressure.
- hydraulic pumps 28, 30, 32, 34 can be designed, for example, as variable displacement pumps or as constant pumps with a variable-speed drive.
- valves of the hydraulic logic 38 and the booster logic 56 are activated via one or more control units 58.
- a special feature of the concept according to the invention is that in the individual compression stages 12, 14, 16, 18 the outlet pressure (p1, p2, p3) of an accumulator 20, 22, 24 is used to compress the hydrogen in the tank 2, 4 and on the other hand for prestressing/orfilling the accumulator of the following compression stage 14, 16, 18, so that no separate pressure accumulator or at most pressure accumulators with a minimum storage capacity are required for this prestressing.
- valve logic 68 with the pressure control valves for the tanks 2, 4 is also controlled via the central control device 58 or via a further control device. According to the invention, this control is carried out in such a way that accumulators 20a, 22a, 24a, 26a are used to fill tank 2, depending on the desired tank pressure, and accumulators 20b, 22b, 24b, 26b are used to fill tank 4, so that the Accumulators marked "a" and "b" each form a subsystem / set.
- the above-described pre-filling is controlled in such a way that the outlet/gas pressure of the first-mentioned subsystem (“a”) is used to preload/pre-fill the compression stages of the second sub-system (“b”). This means that both tanks 2, 4 can be filled in parallel, but slightly offset in time, with several compression stages being able to be implemented.
- FIG. 2 shows in a detailed view that part of the circuit according to FIG. 1 with which the tanks 2, 4 can be filled with gas which has a maximum pressure p2, which is 240 bar, for example.
- the accumulators 20a, 22a and 20b, 22b each have a subsystem ("a", "b"), the subsystem "a” being designed for filling the tank 2 and the subsystem "b” for filling the tank 4.
- a large tank can also be filled via the two subsystems "a” and "b", in which case both subsystems are then alternately actively connected to the tank.
- the accumulators 20, 22 are designed as piston accumulators, with the pistons each separating a gas space 70a, 70b, 72a, 72b of the accumulator sets from a fluid space 74a, 74b or 76a, 76b.
- the fluid spaces 74, 76 are pressurized via the hydraulic logic 38, which is connected to the fluid spaces 74, 76 via the working lines 40a, 40b, 42a, 42b.
- the gas connections 60a, 60b, 62a, 62b can be optionally connected to the tank 2 and/or 4 via the valve logic 68 indicated by dashed lines.
- valve logic 68 is essentially formed by check valves (check valve), which allow a flow of pressure medium in one direction and block it in the other direction, and by pilot-controlled check valves, which allow a flow of pressure medium in one direction in the manner of a non-pilot-controlled check valve and which can be opened in the other direction via the pilot control.
- check valves check valve
- pilot-controlled check valves which allow a flow of pressure medium in one direction in the manner of a non-pilot-controlled check valve and which can be opened in the other direction via the pilot control.
- the pressure source 8 which provides a supply pressure pO, is connected to two supply lines 78, 80, which lead to the tanks 2 and 4, respectively.
- the supply line 78 is connected to the gas connection 60a via a gas line 82a and to the gas connection 62a of the accumulator 22a of the second compression stage 14 via a further gas line 84a.
- the further supply line 80 is connected to the gas connection 60b of the accumulator 20b via a gas line 82b and to the gas connection 62b of the accumulator 22b of the second compression stage 14 via a further gas line 84b.
- the two gas lines 82a and 84b are connected to one another via a prestressing line 86a and, correspondingly, the two gas lines 82b and 84a are connected to one another via a prestressing line 86b tied together.
- Check valves 88a, 88b, 90a, 90b and 92a, 92b are provided before and after the branches of the gas lines 82, 84 from the supply lines 78, 80, which open in the direction of the tank 2, 4.
- Pilot-controlled check valves 96a, 96b, 98a, 98b are arranged in the gas lines 82a, 82b, 84a, 84b branching off from the supply lines 78, 80, the pilot control not being shown for the sake of simplicity.
- a check valve 100a, 100b is also provided in each of the two preload lines 86a, 86b, which opens in the direction of the compression stage with the higher pressure and closes in the opposite direction. In a corresponding manner, a return flow from the tank 2, 4 in the direction of the pressure source 8 is blocked via the check valves 88, 90, 92.
- pressure control valves via which the APRR characteristic can be additionally influenced and which are arranged on the outlet side upstream of the tanks 2, 4.
- subsystem “a” Before the start of the refueling process, subsystem “a” is pre-filled with hydrogen, with the supply pressure being present in gas space 70a and the mean pressure, i.e. pressure p1 (e.g. 120 bar), being present in gas space 72a.
- the subsystem “b” is acted upon via the hydraulic side, the ambient pressure being present in the fluid chamber 74b and a fluid pressure corresponding to the pressure p1 being present in the fluid chamber 76b.
- the tank 2 of the first vehicle is filled with hydrogen via the pressure control valve (not shown), this being supplied at the pressure p0 via the valves 88a, 90a and 92a.
- the gas chamber 70b is acted upon by the supply pressure pO via the valves 88b and 96b, so that the hydraulic fluid is displaced from the fluid chamber 74b.
- the hydraulic logic 38 and the associated hydraulic pump 28, 30, 32 or 34 pressurize the fluid chamber 74a with pressure medium, so that the hydrogen in the gas chamber 70a is compressed from the pressure p0 to the pressure p1 and via the valves 96a, 90a and 92a to the tank 2, so that the hydrogen in the tank 2 is compressed from the supply pressure pO to the pressure p1.
- This gradual compression ensures that the pressure drop across the pressure control valve and the associated losses are minimal.
- a partial flow of the hydrogen is conducted via the valve 100a to the gas space 72b of the accumulator 22b of the second compression stage 14, so that a pre-filling with the pressure p1 takes place.
- the tank 2 is then completely filled, with the pressure p2 being present in it.
- the tank 4 of the second vehicle is first filled in a corresponding manner in the first step with the supply pressure pO, this filling taking place via the valves 88b, 90b, 92b and possibly the pressure control valve (not shown).
- the compression of the hydrogen in the tank 4 then takes place in accordance with the above statements in stages according to the above-described steps 2 and 3 (stage compression of the hydrogen in the tank, which is first pressurized with the pressure p1 and then with the pressure p2), with the The subsystems “a” and “b” are controlled in the opposite way to the filling of the tank 2 described above.
- check valves described above can also be replaced by conventional direct or pilot-operated directional control valves or other valves.
- accumulators can be preloaded with the aid of a pressure control valve, via which the filling process is controlled.
- the hydraulic logic 38, the valve logic 68 and the booster logic 56 are activated via the control unit 58, for example as a function of a predetermined APRR characteristic that is stored in the control unit or is specified by the vehicle when it is connected.
- the function of the pilot-controlled valves 96, 98 and the boosters 48, 50 or the flydraulic pumps 28, 30, 32, 34 is then controlled in a suitable manner via this control unit 58.
- the pressure medium flowing back from the boosters 48, 50 can also be fed directly to a fluid tank or used in another area of the hydraulic system.
- the same applies to the pressurized pressure medium during of the refueling process is displaced by the hydrogen during compression stages 2, 3 and the following from the respective accumulator.
- the pressure curve in the above-described compressors here by way of example in the form of accumulators (see FIG. 1), is shown over time.
- the two diagonals 104, 106 represent the APRR characteristics, which are generated in the manner described above by appropriate activation of the hydraulic logic 38, the booster logic 56 and the valve logic 68 as well as the flydro pumps 28, 30, 32, 34 and the pressure control valves (or the like) is adjustable.
- the pressure curves are shown for clarification such that the pressure difference between the tank 2, 4 and the respectively connected accumulator is zero.
- the accumulators 20a, 20b, 22a, 22b, 24a, 24b of the first three compression stages 12, 14, 16 each have a compression which is characterized by a pressure rise above the current level.
- These three compression stages also have an active fill phase where the outlet pressure is constant to prime the accumulator of the next compression stage of the second subsystem.
- each accumulator of the three compression stages 12, 14, 16 has a passive filling phase, which is carried out at a constant inlet pressure.
- the accumulators of the last compression stage in the present case the fourth compression stage 18, have no active filling phase since no accumulator of a higher compression stage is connected downstream.
- the compression ratios between the individual compression stages are selected in such a way that the compression ratio is 1:2, so that the pressure at the outlet of a compression stage is twice as high as the outlet pressure of the previous compression stage. This compression ratio enables efficient cooling of the hydrogen between the compression stages, since the heat of compression released within the individual compression stages is then approximately the same and also for the Compression in each compression stage approximately the same compression work and thus power is required.
- the hydraulic logic 38, the booster logic 56 and the valve logic 68 as well as the control unit 58 are designed in such a way that the tanks 2, 4 of several vehicles are supplied via the supply system (pressure source 8) and via each accumulator of the compression stages 12, 14, 16, 18 can be charged.
- the supply pressure i.e. the pressure of the pressure source 8
- the pressure curves in FIG. 3 are shown in a greatly simplified manner. In reality, there may be a significant drop in pressure between the compressor and the tank during the refueling process.
- the fourth compression stage 18 is not required, so that the tanks 2, 4 are filled via the compression stages 12, 14 and 16, the latter delivering the hydrogen or the gas at a pressure of over 480 applied bar, so that filling the tanks 2, 4 is made possible by 350-bar vehicles.
- FIG. 4 shows the filling station 1 in an alternative embodiment.
- the tank station 1 shown in FIG. 4 is designed with the compressor arrangement 10 .
- the embodiment shown includes four compression stages 12, 14, 16, 18, each compression stage containing a set (subsystem) with two identical booster assemblies 108a, 108b, 110a, 110b, 112a, 112b, 114a, 114b.
- a booster module contains at least one booster (see FIG. 5 or FIG. 6).
- a booster module preferably contains two boosters of the same construction, which are connected in parallel.
- the booster assemblies can be made up of several hydraulic pumps from a pump group 28, 30, 32, 34 are driven. Alternatively, each booster assembly can be driven by an individual hydraulic pump, or each booster can be driven by a hydraulic pump/pump group. Another alternative is to operate all booster assemblies with a hydraulic pump.
- FIG. 5 shows the booster 116 in a first embodiment.
- the booster 116 is a three-chamber booster 116 .
- the booster 116 of the first embodiment is a three-chamber hydraulic cylinder.
- the booster 116 contains a (hydraulic) fluid chamber 118, which is connected to the working line 40a, 40b, 42a, 42b, 44a, 44b, 46a, 46b and is provided and configured via the working line 40a, 40b, 42a, 42b, 44a , 44b, 46a, 46b to be fed with the hydraulic fluid and pressurized. As shown in FIG. 4, the application of pressure is controlled via the hydraulic logic 38 .
- the fluid space 118 is delimited by a hollow shaft 120 and a hollow-cylindrical plunger 122 .
- the plunger 122 is guided on a lateral surface of the shank 120 and can move linearly relative to the shank 120 .
- Fluid space 118 is separated from a gas space 126 by a plunger base 124 .
- the plunger 122 moves and compresses the gas contained in the gas space 126 .
- the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber 126 is lower than the pressure in the fluid chamber 118.
- a further chamber 128 is formed adjacent to a lateral surface of the plunger 122 and can be filled with cooling liquid for cooling the booster 116 or alternatively with the Hydraulic fluid can be filled to support retraction of the ram.
- FIG. 6 shows the booster 130 in a second embodiment.
- the booster 130 in FIG. 6 is a two-chamber booster.
- the booster 130 includes a (hydraulic) fluid chamber 118, which is connected to the working line 40a, 40b, 42a, 42b, 44a, 44b, 46a, 46b and is provided and configured via the working line 40a, 40b, 42a, 42b, 44a , 44b, 46a, 46b to be fed with the hydraulic fluid and pressurized.
- the application of pressure is controlled via the hydraulic logic 38 .
- the plunger 132 moves and compresses the gas contained in the gas space 126 .
- the pressure of the gas in the gas chamber 126 is higher than the pressure in the fluid chamber 118.
- a further chamber 128 is formed adjacent to a lateral surface of the plunger 122 and can be filled with cooling liquid for cooling the booster 130 or alternatively with the Hydraulic fluid can be filled to support retraction of the ram.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102021204586.3A DE102021204586A1 (de) | 2021-05-06 | 2021-05-06 | Vorrichtung zur Kompression eines Gases und Verfahren zum Füllen eines Tanks mit einer derartigen Vorrichtung |
| PCT/EP2022/062290 WO2022234089A1 (de) | 2021-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Vorrichtung zur kompression eines gases und verfahren zum füllen eines tanks mit einer derartigen vorrichtung |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4334591A1 true EP4334591A1 (de) | 2024-03-13 |
Family
ID=81940644
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22728380.1A Withdrawn EP4334591A1 (de) | 2021-05-06 | 2022-05-06 | Vorrichtung zur kompression eines gases und verfahren zum füllen eines tanks mit einer derartigen vorrichtung |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4334591A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102021204586A1 (de) |
| WO (2) | WO2022234089A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102024101156A1 (de) * | 2024-01-16 | 2025-07-17 | Voith Hystech Gmbh | Verfahren Vorrichtung zur Dichtheitsprüfung von Drucktanks |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004091970A2 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-10-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Vessel fueling method and apparatus |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2991003A (en) * | 1957-01-30 | 1961-07-04 | Robert S Petersen | Piston and compressor structure |
| DE29816811U1 (de) | 1998-09-21 | 1999-10-07 | Wiedemann, Helmut, Dr.-Ing., 66280 Sulzbach | System zur Speicherung von brennbaren Kraftgasen wie z.B. Erdgas und Wasserstoff in einem volumenveränderlichen Speicher zum Zwecke der Betankung von mobilen Behältern für Kraftfahrzeugantriebe |
| US6652243B2 (en) | 2001-08-23 | 2003-11-25 | Neogas Inc. | Method and apparatus for filling a storage vessel with compressed gas |
| DE102004046316A1 (de) | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdichten eines gasförmigen Mediums |
| JP4611924B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-29 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社日立プラントテクノロジー | 水素圧縮機システム |
| WO2014153110A2 (en) * | 2013-03-14 | 2014-09-25 | Oscomp Systems Inc. | Natural gas compressing and refueling system and method |
| FR3034836B1 (fr) | 2015-04-10 | 2017-12-01 | Air Liquide | Station et procede de remplissage d'un reservoir avec un gaz carburant |
| US11346335B2 (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2022-05-31 | Onboard Dynamics Llc | Flexible supply gas routing for gas compressors |
| CN210218052U (zh) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-03-31 | 尹智 | 一种电动液驱动活塞式氢气压缩机 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-06 DE DE102021204586.3A patent/DE102021204586A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-05-06 WO PCT/EP2022/062290 patent/WO2022234089A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-05-06 EP EP22728380.1A patent/EP4334591A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2022-05-06 WO PCT/EP2022/062286 patent/WO2022234087A1/de not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2004091970A2 (en) * | 2003-04-09 | 2004-10-28 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Vessel fueling method and apparatus |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2022234089A1 (de) | 2022-11-10 |
| DE102021204586A1 (de) | 2022-11-10 |
| WO2022234087A1 (de) | 2022-11-10 |
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