EP4334303A1 - Composés destinés à inhiber ou dégrader l'itk, compositions les comprenant, leurs procédés de fabrication et leurs procédés d'utilisation - Google Patents

Composés destinés à inhiber ou dégrader l'itk, compositions les comprenant, leurs procédés de fabrication et leurs procédés d'utilisation

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Publication number
EP4334303A1
EP4334303A1 EP22725068.5A EP22725068A EP4334303A1 EP 4334303 A1 EP4334303 A1 EP 4334303A1 EP 22725068 A EP22725068 A EP 22725068A EP 4334303 A1 EP4334303 A1 EP 4334303A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
methyl
certain embodiments
paragraph
halogen
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
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EP22725068.5A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Joel Mcintosh
Daisuke Kato
Jeffrey Mihalic
Ge Peng
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Nurix Therapeutics Inc
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Nurix Therapeutics Inc
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Publication of EP4334303A1 publication Critical patent/EP4334303A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
    • C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P35/00—Antineoplastic agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
    • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
    • C07D471/10—Spiro-condensed systems

Definitions

  • compositions comprising the compounds, methods of making the same, and methods of their use for treating diseases or disorders including cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases.
  • IL-2 inducible T-cell kinase is a tyrosine protein kinase and a member of the TEC family of kinases. Gibson et al, 1993, Blood 82(5): 1561-1572. ITK is highly expressed in T-cells. Gomez-Rodriguez et al. , 2011, FEBS J. 278(12): 1980-1989. ITK is reported to be activated downstream of the T-cell receptor (TCR) via phosphorylation from Lck kinase. Gomez-Rodriguez et al, 2011.
  • ITK is believed to activate phospholipase Oyl (PLCyl) to drive T-cell function and immune responses.
  • PLCyl phospholipase Oyl
  • ITK has been shown to be involved in numerous inflammatory, autoimmune, and proliferative diseases including allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, aplastic anemia, inflammatory bowel disease, neuroinflammation, and T cell lymphomas. Lechner etal 2020, J. Mol. Medicine 98:1385-1395.
  • ITK provides a promising target for therapies for treating several inflammatory, autoimmune, and proliferative diseases and disorders.
  • the compounds comprise an ITK hook.
  • the ITK hook is a moiety capable of binding ITK in vitro , in vivo , and/or in a cell.
  • Useful ITK hooks are described herein.
  • the ubiquitin ligase harness is a moiety capable of harnessing a ubiquitin ligase in vitro , in vivo , and/or in a cell.
  • the ubiquitin ligase is an E3 ligase.
  • the ubiquitin ligase is cereblon.
  • Useful ubiquitin ligase harnesses are described herein.
  • the compounds further comprise a linker.
  • the linker is any moiety capable of covalently binding the harness and the hook while permitting each to bind or harness its target.
  • the compounds are capable of targeting ITK for degradation under the appropriate conditions, for instance in a cell. As shown in the Examples herein, the compounds degrade ITK in splenocytes and in vivo. Degrading ITK provides a mechanism useful for treating inflammatory, autoimmune, and proliferative diseases and disorders in subjects in need thereof.
  • the left side of the molecule is a ubiquitin ligase harness.
  • the right side of the molecule is an ITK hook.
  • the middle portion of the molecule is a linker.
  • the compounds are described in detail herein. [0007]
  • provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the pharmaceutical compositions comprise the compounds along with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents, or excipients.
  • the disease or disorder is an inflammatory disease or disorder.
  • the disease or disorder is an autoimmune disease or disorder.
  • the disease or disorder is a proliferative disease or disorder, for instance a T-cell lymphoma.
  • the compounds and compositions for use in therapy are provided herein.
  • the uses of the compounds and compositions for the manufacture of medicaments are the uses of the compounds and compositions for the manufacture of medicaments for the treatment or prevention of treatment or prevention of inflammatory, autoimmune, or proliferative diseases and disorders.
  • the compounds and compositions are useful for binding, inhibiting, and/or degrading ITK in vitro , in vivo , and/or in a cell. As such, the compounds and compositions are useful for the treatment or prevention of treatment or prevention of inflammatory, autoimmune, or proliferative diseases and disorders.
  • FIG. 1 provides in vitro degradation of ITK in a HiBiT cell line.
  • FIG. 2 provides in vivo degradation of ITK in mouse splenocytes.
  • FIG. 3 A provides in vivo degradation of ITK in mouse splenocytes following administration of compounds provided herein observed by Western blotting;
  • FIG. 3B provides graphs of ITK levels in mouse splenocytes following administration of compounds provided herein.
  • FIG. 4 A provides in vivo degradation of ITK in mouse splenocytes following administration of compounds provided herein observed by Western blotting;
  • FIG. 4B provides graphs of ITK levels in mouse splenocytes following administration of compounds provided herein;
  • FIG. 4C provides compound concentration over time in vivo.
  • compositions comprising the compounds, methods of making the same, and methods of their use for treating diseases or disorders including cancer, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases.
  • protecting group refers to a moiety or functionality that is introduced into a molecule by chemical modification of a functional group in order to obtain chemoselectivity in a subsequent chemical reaction.
  • Standard protecting groups are provided in Wuts and Greene: “Greene’s Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,” 4th Ed, Wuts, P.G.M. and Greene, T.W., Wiley-Interscience, New York: 2006.
  • compounds herein optionally may be substituted with one or more substituents, such as those illustrated generally herein, or as exemplified by particular classes, subclasses, and species of the description.
  • hydroxyl or “hydroxy” refers to an -OH moiety.
  • aliphatic encompasses the terms alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl, each of which are optionally substituted as set forth below.
  • an “alkyl” group refers to a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group containing 1-12 (e.g., 1-8, 1-6, or 1-4) carbon atoms.
  • An alkyl group can be straight or branched. Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, /e/V-butyl, «-pentyl, //-heptyl, or 2-ethylhexyl.
  • An alkyl group can be substituted (i.e., optionally substituted) with one or more substituents such as halo, phospho, cycloaliphatic (e.g., cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl), heterocycloaliphatic (e.g., heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl), aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, acyl (e.g., (aliphatic)carbonyl, (cycloaliphatic)carbonyl, or (heterocycloaliphatic)carbonyl), nitro, cyano, amido (e.g., (cycloalkylalkyl)carbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, aralkylcarbonylamino, (heterocycloalkyl)carbonylamino, (heterocycloalkylalkyl)carbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonylamino, heteroaral
  • substituted alkyls include carboxyalkyl (such as HOOC-alkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, and alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl), cyanoalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, acylalkyl, aralkyl, (alkoxyaryl)alkyl, (sulfonylamino)alkyl (such as (alkyl-S0 2 -amino)alkyl), aminoalkyl, amidoalkyl, (cycloaliphatic)alkyl, or haloalkyl.
  • carboxyalkyl such as HOOC-alkyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, and alkylcarbonyloxyalkyl
  • cyanoalkyl hydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, acylalkyl, aralkyl, (alkoxyaryl)alkyl, (sulfonylamino)alkyl (such as (al
  • an “alkenyl” group refers to an aliphatic carbon group that contains 2-8 (e.g., 2-4 or 2-6) carbon atoms and at least one double bond. Like an alkyl group, an alkenyl group can be straight or branched. Examples of an alkenyl group include, but are not limited to, allyl, 1- or 2-isopropenyl, 2-butenyl, and 2-hexenyl.
  • An alkenyl group can be optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as halo, phospho, cycloaliphatic (e.g., cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl), heterocycloaliphatic (e.g., heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl), aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, acyl (e.g., (aliphatic)carbonyl, (cycloaliphatic)carbonyl, or (heterocycloaliphatic)carbonyl), nitro, cyano, amido (e.g., (cycloalkylalkyl)carbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, aralkylcarbonylamino, (heterocycloalkyl)carbonylamino,
  • substituents such as halo, phospho, cycloaliphatic (e.g., cycloalkyl or cycloalkeny
  • heterocycloalkylalkyl carbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonylamino, heteroaralkyl carbonylamino, alkylaminocarbonyl, cycloalkylaminocarbonyl, heterocycloalkylaminocarbonyl, arylaminocarbonyl, or heteroarylaminocarbonyl), amino (e.g., aliphaticamino, cycloaliphaticamino, heterocycloaliphaticamino, or aliphaticsulfonylamino), sulfonyl (e.g., alkyl- SO2-, cycloaliphatic-SCh-, or aryl-SCh-), sulfmyl, sulfanyl, sulfoxy, urea, thiourea, sulfamoyl, sulfamide, oxo, carboxy, carbamoyl, cycloaliphaticoxy, heterocycloaliphaticoxy, aryloxy
  • substituted alkenyls include cyanoalkenyl, alkoxyalkenyl, acylalkenyl, hydroxyalkenyl, aralkenyl, (alkoxyaryl)alkenyl, (sulfonylamino)alkenyl (such as (alkyl-S0 2 -amino)alkenyl), aminoalkenyl, amidoalkenyl, (cycloaliphatic)alkenyl, or haloalkenyl.
  • an “alkynyl” group refers to an aliphatic carbon group that contains 2-8 (e.g., 2-4 or 2-6) carbon atoms and has at least one triple bond.
  • An alkynyl group can be straight or branched. Examples of an alkynyl group include, but are not limited to, propargyl and butynyl.
  • An alkynyl group can be optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as aroyl, heteroaroyl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, heterocycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkyloxy, nitro, carboxy, cyano, halo, hydroxy, sulfo, mercapto, sulfanyl (e.g., aliphaticsulfanyl or cycloaliphaticsulfanyl), sulfmyl (e.g., aliphaticsulfmyl or cycloaliphaticsulfmyl), sulfonyl (e.g., aliphatic-SCE-, aliphaticamino-SCh-, or cycloaliphatic-SCE-), amido (
  • cycloalkylalkylcarbonylamino, heteroaralkylcarbonylamino, heteroarylcarbonylamino, or heteroarylaminocarbonyl urea, thiourea, sulfamoyl, sulfamide, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, cycloaliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl (e.g., (cycloaliphatic)carbonyl or (heterocycloaliphatic)carbonyl), amino (e.g., aliphaticamino), sulfoxy, oxo, carboxy, carbamoyl, (cycloaliphatic)oxy, (heterocycloaliphatic)oxy, or (heteroaryl)alkoxy.
  • acyl e.g., (cycloaliphatic)carbonyl or (heterocycloaliphatic)carbonyl
  • amino e.g., alipha
  • an “amido” encompasses both “aminocarbonyl” and “carbonylamino.” These terms when used alone or in connection with another group refer to an amido group such as -N(R x )-C(0)-R Y or -C(0)-N(R X ) 2 , when used terminally, and -C(0)-N(R x )- or -N(R x )-C(0)- when used internally, wherein R x and R Y can be aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aryl, araliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, heteroaryl, or heteroaraliphatic.
  • amido groups include alkylamido (such as alkylcarbonylamino or alkylaminocarbonyl), (heterocycloaliphatic)amido, (heteroaralkyl)amido, (heteroaryl)amido,
  • heterocycloalkyl alkylamido, arylamido, aralkylamido, (cycloalkyl)alkylamido, or cycloalkylamido.
  • an “amino” group refers to -NR X R Y wherein each of R x and R Y is independently hydrogen (H or -H), aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, (cycloaliphatic)aliphatic, aryl, araliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, (heterocycloaliphatic)aliphatic, heteroaryl, carboxy, sulfanyl, sulfmyl, sulfonyl, (aliphatic)carbonyl, (cycloaliphatic)carbonyl,
  • amino groups include alkylamino, dialkylamino, or arylamino.
  • amino is not the terminal group (e.g., alkylcarbonylamino), it is represented by -NR X -, where R X has the same meaning as defined above.
  • an “aryl” group used alone or as part of a larger moiety as in “aralkyl,” “aralkoxy,” or “aryloxyalkyl” refers to monocyclic (e.g., phenyl); bicyclic (e.g., indenyl, naphthalenyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, or tetrahydroindenyl); and tricyclic (e.g., fluorenyl tetrahydrofluorenyl, tetrahydroanthracenyl, or anthracenyl) ring systems in which the monocyclic ring system is aromatic or at least one of the rings in a bicyclic or tricyclic ring system is aromatic.
  • the bicyclic and tricyclic groups include benzofused 2-3 membered carbocyclic rings.
  • a benzofused group includes phenyl fused with two or more C4-8 carbocyclic moieties.
  • An aryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents including aliphatic (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl); cycloaliphatic; (cycloaliphatic)aliphatic; heterocycloaliphatic; (heterocycloaliphatic)aliphatic; aryl; heteroaryl; alkoxy; (cycloaliphatic)oxy; (heterocycloaliphatic)oxy; aryloxy; heteroaryloxy; (araliphatic)oxy; (heteroaraliphatic)oxy; aroyl; heteroaroyl; amino; oxo (on a non-aromatic carbocyclic ring of a benzofused bicyclic or tricyclic aryl); nitro; carboxy
  • an aryl can be unsubstituted.
  • substituted aryls include haloaryl (e.g., mono-, di- (such as p,m-dihaloaryl), and (trihalo)aryl); (carboxy)aryl (e.g., (alkoxycarbonyl)aryl, ((aralkyl)carbonyloxy)aryl, and (alkoxycarbonyl)aryl); (amido)aryl (e.g., (aminocarbonyl)aryl, (((alkylamino)alkyl)aminocarbonyl)aryl, (alkylcarbonyl)aminoaryl, (arylaminocarbonyl)aryl, and (((heteroaryl)amino)carbonyl)aryl); aminoaryl (e.g., ((alkylsulfonyl)amino)aryl or ((dialkyl)amino)aryl); (
  • an “araliphatic” such as an “aralkyl” group refers to an aliphatic group (e.g., a C1-4 alkyl group) that is substituted with an aryl group.
  • “Aliphatic,” “alkyl,” and “aryl” are defined herein.
  • An example of an araliphatic such as an aralkyl group is benzyl.
  • an “aralkyl” group refers to an alkyl group (e.g., a C 1-4 alkyl group) that is substituted with an aryl group. Both “alkyl” and “aryl” have been defined above.
  • An example of an aralkyl group is benzyl.
  • An aralkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as aliphatic (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl, including carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, or haloalkyl such as trifluoromethyl), cycloaliphatic (e.g., cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl), (cycloalkyl)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, (heterocycloalkyl)alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, heterocycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkyloxy, heteroaralkyloxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, nitro, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, amido (e.g., aminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, (cycloal
  • a “bicyclic ring system” includes 6-12 (e.g., 8-12 or 9-, 10-, or 11- ) membered structures that form two rings, wherein the two rings have at least one atom in common (e.g., two atoms in common).
  • Bicyclic ring systems include bicycloaliphatics (e.g., bicycloalkyl or bicycloalkenyl), bicycloheteroaliphatics, bicyclic aryls, and bicyclic heteroaryls.
  • a “cycloaliphatic” group encompasses a “cycloalkyl” group and a “cycloalkenyl” group, each of which are optionally substituted as set forth below.
  • a “cycloalkyl” group refers to a saturated carbocyclic mono- or bicyclic (fused or bridged) ring of 3-10 (e.g., 5-10) carbon atoms.
  • Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, adamantyl, norbornyl, cubyl, octahydro-indenyl, decahydro-naphthyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, ((aminocarbonyl)cycloalkyl)cycloalkyl.
  • a “cycloalkenyl” group refers to a non-aromatic carbocyclic ring of 3-10 (e.g., 4-8) carbon atoms having one or more double bonds.
  • Examples of cycloalkenyl groups include cyclopentenyl, 1,4-cyclohexa-di-enyl, cycloheptenyl, cyclooctenyl, hexahydro- indenyl, octahydro-naphthyl, cyclohexenyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octenyl, or bicyclo[3.3.1]nonenyl.
  • a cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group can be optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as phospho, aliphatic (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl), cycloaliphatic, (cycloaliphatic)aliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, (heterocycloaliphatic)aliphatic, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, (cycloaliphatic)oxy, (heterocycloaliphatic)oxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, (araliphatic)oxy, (heteroaraliphatic)oxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, amino, amido (e.g., (aliphatic)carbonylamino, (cycloaliphatic)carbonylamino, ((cycloaliphatic)aliphatic)carbonylamino, (aryl)carbonylamino, (araliphatic)carbonylamino, (heterocycloaliphatic)
  • heterocycloaliphatic encompasses heterocycloalkyl groups and heterocycloalkenyl groups, each of which being optionally substituted as set forth below.
  • a “heterocycloalkyl” group refers to a 3-10 membered mono- or bicylic (fused, bridged, or spiro) (e.g., 5- to 10-membered mono- or bicyclic) saturated ring structure, in which one or more of the ring atoms is a heteroatom (e.g., nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), or combinations thereof).
  • Non-limiting examples of a heterocycloalkyl group include piperidyl, piperazyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuryl, 1,4-dioxolanyl, 1,4-dithianyl, 1,3- dioxolanyl, oxazolidyl, isoxazolidyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, octahydrobenzofuryl, octahydrochromenyl, octahydrothiochromenyl, octahydroindolyl, octahydropyrindinyl, decahydroquinolinyl, octahydrobenzo[/>]thiopheneyl, 2-oxa-bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, 1-aza- bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, 3-aza-bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, decahydro-2,
  • a “heterocycloalkenyl” group refers to a mono- or bicylic (e.g., 5- to 10-membered mono- or bicyclic) non-aromatic ring structure having one or more double bonds, and wherein one or more of the ring atoms is a heteroatom (e.g., N, O, or S).
  • Monocyclic and bicyclic heterocycloaliphatics are numbered according to standard chemical nomenclature.
  • a heterocycloalkyl or heterocycloalkenyl group can be optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as phospho, aliphatic (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl), cycloaliphatic, (cycloaliphatic)aliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, (heterocycloaliphatic)aliphatic, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, (cycloaliphatic)oxy, (heterocycloaliphatic)oxy, aryloxy, heteroaryl oxy, (araliphatic)oxy, (heteroaraliphatic)oxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, amino, amido (e.g., (aliphatic)carbonylamino, (cycloaliphatic)carbonylamino, ((cycloaliphatic) aliphatic)carbonylamino, (aryl)carbonylamino, (araliphatic)carbonylamino, (heterocycl
  • a “heteroaryl” group refers to a monocyclic, bicyclic, or tricyclic ring system having four to fifteen ring atoms wherein one or more of the ring atoms is a heteroatom (e.g., N, O, S, or combinations thereof) and in which the monocyclic ring system is aromatic or at least one of the rings in the bicyclic or tricyclic ring systems is aromatic.
  • a heteroaryl group includes a benzofused ring system having two to three rings.
  • a benzofused group includes benzo fused with one or two 4- to 8-membered heterocycloaliphatic moieties (e.g., indolizyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolinyl, benzo[6]furyl, benzo[6]thiophene-yl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl).
  • heterocycloaliphatic moieties e.g., indolizyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolinyl, benzo[6]furyl, benzo[6]thiophene-yl, quinolinyl, or isoquinolinyl.
  • heteroaryl examples include azetidinyl, pyridyl, lH-indazolyl, furyl, pyrrolyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, imidazolyl, tetrazolyl, benzofuryl, isoquinolinyl, benzthiazolyl, xanthene, thioxanthene, phenothiazine, dihydroindole, benzo[l,3]dioxole, benzo[b] furyl, benzo[b]thiophenyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzthiazolyl, puryl, cinnolyl, quinolyl, quinazolyl, phthalazyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalyl, isoquinolyl, 4H-quinolizyl, benzo-1,2,5- thiadiazolyl, or 1,8-nap
  • monocyclic heteroaryls include furyl, thiophene-yl, 2H- pyrrolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, imidazolyl, pyrazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, 1,3,4-thiadiazolyl, 2H-pyranyl, 4H-pranyl, pyridyl, pyridazyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazolyl, pyrazyl, or 1,3,5-triazyl.
  • Monocyclic heteroaryls are numbered according to standard chemical nomenclature.
  • bicyclic heteroaryls include indolizyl, indolyl, isoindolyl, 3H-indolyl, indolinyl, benzo[Z>]furyl, benzo[Z>]thiophenyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, indazolyl, benzimidazyl, benzthiazolyl, purinyl, 4H-quinolizyl, quinolyl, isoquinolyl, cinnolyl, phthalazyl, quinazolyl, quinoxalyl, 1,8-naphthyridyl, or pteridyl.
  • Bicyclic heteroaryls are numbered according to standard chemical nomenclature.
  • a heteroaryl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as aliphatic (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, or alkynyl); cycloaliphatic; (cycloaliphatic)aliphatic; heterocycloaliphatic; (heterocycloaliphatic)aliphatic; aryl; heteroaryl; alkoxy; (cycloaliphatic)oxy; (heterocycloaliphatic)oxy; aryloxy; heteroaryloxy; (araliphatic)oxy; (heteroaraliphatic)oxy; aroyl; heteroaroyl; amino; oxo (on a non-aromatic carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring of a bicyclic or tricyclic heteroaryl); carboxy; amido; acyl (e.g., aliphaticcarbonyl; (cycloaliphatic)carbonyl; ((cycloaliphatic)aliphatic)carbonyl;
  • substituents such as aliphatic
  • sulfonyl e.g., aliphaticsulfonyl or aminosulfonyl
  • sulfmyl e.g., aliphaticsulfmyl
  • sulfanyl e.g.,
  • heteroaryl can be unsubstituted.
  • substituted heteroaryls include (halo)heteroaryl (e.g., mono- and di-(halo)heteroaryl); (carboxy)heteroaryl (e.g., (alkoxycarbonyl)heteroaryl); cyanoheteroaryl; aminoheteroaryl (e.g., ((alkylsulfonyl)amino)heteroaryl and ((dialkyl)amino)heteroaryl); (amido)heteroaryl (e.g., aminocarbonylheteroaryl, ((alkylcarbonyl)amino)heteroaryl, ((((alkyl)amino)alkyl)aminocarbonyl)heteroaryl, (((heteroaryl)amino)carbonyl)heteroaryl, ((heteroaryl)amino)carbonyl)he
  • a “heteroaraliphatic” refers to an aliphatic group (e.g., a C 1-4 alkyl group) that is substituted with a heteroaryl group.
  • “Aliphatic,” “alkyl,” and “heteroaryl” have been defined above.
  • a “heteroaralkyl” group refers to an alkyl group (e.g., a C1-4 alkyl group) that is substituted with a heteroaryl group. Both “alkyl” and “heteroaryl” have been defined above.
  • a heteroaralkyl is optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as alkyl (including carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and haloalkyl such as trifluoromethyl), alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, (cycloalkyl)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, (heterocycloalkyl)alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, heterocycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryloxy, aralkyloxy, heteroaralkyloxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, nitro, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, aminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamino, (cycloalkylalkyl)carbonylamino, arylcarbonylamino, aralkylcarbonylamino, (heterocycloal
  • cyclic moiety and “cyclic group” refer to mono-, bi-, and tricyclic ring systems including cycloaliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, aryl, or heteroaryl, each of which has been previously defined.
  • bridged bicyclic ring system refers to a bicyclic heterocyclicalipahtic ring system or bicyclic cycloaliphatic ring system in which the rings are bridged.
  • bridged bicyclic ring systems include, but are not limited to, adamantanyl, norbomanyl, bicyclo[3.2.1]octyl, bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, bicyclo[3.3.1]nonyl, bicyclo[3.3.2]decyl, 2- oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl, l-azabicyclo[2.2.2]octyl,
  • a bridged bicyclic ring system can be optionally substituted with one or more substituents such as alkyl (including carboxyalkyl, hydroxyalkyl, and haloalkyl such as trifluoromethyl), alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, (cycloalkyl)alkyl, heterocycloalkyl, (heterocycloalkyl)alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkoxy, cycloalkyloxy, heterocycloalkyloxy, aryloxy, heteroaryl oxy, aralkyloxy, heteroaralkyloxy, aroyl, heteroaroyl, nitro, carboxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkylcarbonyloxy, aminocarbonyl, alkylcarbonylamino, cycloalkylcarbonylamin
  • heterocycloalkylalkyl carbonylamino, heteroaryl carbonylamino, heteroaralkyl carbonylamino, cyano, halo, hydroxy, acyl, mercapto, alkylsulfanyl, sulfoxy, urea, thiourea, sulfamoyl, sulfamide, oxo, or carbamoyl.
  • an “acyl” group refers to a formyl group or R x -C(0)- (such as alkyl-C(O)-, also referred to as “alkylcarbonyl”) where R x and “alkyl” have been defined previously.
  • R x and “alkyl” have been defined previously.
  • Acetyl and pivaloyl are examples of acyl groups.
  • an “aroyl” or “heteroaroyl” refers to an aryl-C(O)- or a heteroaryl-C(O)-.
  • the aryl and heteroaryl portion of the aroyl or heteroaroyl is optionally substituted as previously defined herein.
  • an “alkoxy” group refers to an alkyl-O- group where “alkyl” has been defined previously herein.
  • a “carbamoyl” group refers to a group having the structure -0-CO-NR x R Y or -NR x -CO-0-R z , wherein R x and R Y have been defined above and R z can be aliphatic, aryl, araliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, heteroaryl, or heteroaraliphatic.
  • a “carboxy” group refers to -COOH, when used as a terminal group; or -OC(O)-, or -C(0)0- when used as an internal group.
  • an ester refers to -COOR x when used as a terminal group; or - COOR x - when used as an internal group, wherein R x has been defined above.
  • a formate refers to -OC(0)H.
  • an acetate refers to -OC(0)R x , wherein R x has been defined above.
  • haloaliphatic refers to an aliphatic group substituted with one to three halogen.
  • haloalkyl includes the group -CF3.
  • mercapto or “sulfhydryl” group refers to -SH.
  • a “sulfo” group refers to -SO 3 H, or -S0 3 R X when used terminally or S(0) 3 - when used internally.
  • a “sulfamide” group refers to the structure -NR X -S(0) 2 -NR Y R Z when used terminally and -NR X -S(0) 2 -NR Y - when used internally, wherein R x , R Y , and R z have been defined above.
  • a “sulfamoyl” group refers to the structure -0-S(0) 2 -NR Y R z wherein R Y , and R z have been defined above.
  • a “sulfonamide” group refers to the structure -S(0) 2 -NR X R Y , or -NR X -S(0) 2 -R Z when used terminally; or -S(0) 2 -NR X -, or -NR X -S(0) 2 - when used internally, wherein R x , R Y , and R z are defined above.
  • sulfanyl group refers to -S-R x when used terminally and -S- when used internally, wherein R x has been defined above.
  • sulfanyls include aliphatic-S-, cycloaliphatic-S-, aryl-S-, or the like.
  • a “sulfmyl” group refers to -S(0)-R x when used terminally and -S(O)- when used internally, wherein R x has been defined above.
  • sulfmyl groups include aliphatic-S(O)-, aryl-S(O)-, (cycloaliphatic(aliphatic))-S(0)-, cycloalkyl-S(O)-, heterocycloaliphatic-S(O)-, heteroaryl-S(O)-, and/or the like.
  • a “sulfonyl” group refers to-S(0) 2 -R x when used terminally and - S(0) 2 - when used internally, wherein R x has been defined above.
  • sulfonyl groups include aliphatic-S(0)2-, aryl-S(0)2-, (cycloaliphatic(aliphatic))-S(0)2-, cycloaliphatic-S(0)2-, heterocycloaliphatic-S(0)2-, heteroaryl-S(0)2-,
  • a “sulfoxy” group refers to -0-S(0)-R x , or -S(0)-0-R x , when used terminally and -O-S(O)-, or -S(0)-0- when used internally, where R x has been defined above.
  • halogen or “halo” group refers to fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), or iodine (I).
  • an “alkoxycarbonyl,” which is encompassed by the term carboxy, used alone or in connection with another group refers to a group such as alkyl-O-C(O)-.
  • alkoxyalkyl refers to an alkyl group such as alkyl-O-alkyl-, wherein alkyl has been defined above.
  • a “carbonyl” refers to -C(O)-.
  • phospho refers to phosphinates and phosphonates.
  • examples of phosphinates and phosphonates include -P(0)(R p ) 2 , wherein R p is aliphatic, alkoxy, aryloxy, heteroaryl oxy, (cycloaliphatic)oxy, (heterocycloaliphatic)oxy, aryl, heteroaryl, cycloaliphatic or amino.
  • aminoalkyl refers to the structure (R x )2N-alkyl-.
  • cyanoalkyl refers to the structure (NC)-alkyl-.
  • urea refers to the structure -NR x -CO-NR Y R z and a
  • “thiourea” group refers to the structure -NR X -CS-NR Y R Z each when used terminally and -NR x -CO-NR Y - or -NR X -CS-NR Y - each when used internally, wherein R x , R Y , and R z have been defined above.
  • the term “geminal” generally refers to the placement of substituents on a group that includes two or more carbon atoms, wherein the substituents are attached to the same carbon atom.
  • terminal refers to the location of a group within a substituent.
  • a group is terminal when the group is present at the end of the substituent not further bonded to the rest of the chemical structure.
  • Carboxyalkyl (z ' .e., R x O(0)C-alkyl) is an example of a carboxy group used terminally.
  • a group is internal when the group is present in the middle of or within the termini of a substituent of the chemical structure.
  • Alkylcarboxy e.g., alkyl -C(0)0- or alkyl-OC(O)-
  • alkylcarboxyaryl e.g., alkyl-C(0)0-aryl-, or alkyl-O(CO)-aryl-
  • an “aliphatic chain” refers to a branched or straight aliphatic group (e.g., alkyl groups, alkenyl groups, or alkynyl groups).
  • a straight aliphatic chain has the structure -[CThJ v -, where v is 1-12.
  • a branched aliphatic chain is a straight aliphatic chain that is substituted with one or more aliphatic groups.
  • a branched aliphatic chain has the structure -[CQQ]v-, where each Q is independently a hydrogen (H or -H), or an aliphatic group; however, Q shall be an aliphatic group in at least one instance.
  • the term aliphatic chain includes alkyl chains, alkenyl chains, and alkynyl chains, where alkyl, alkenyl, and alkynyl are defined above.
  • each of the specific groups for the variables R, R 10 , R A , R 1 , R 2 , L, L 1 , D, W, E, V, G, Y, and Z, and other variables contained therein can be optionally substituted with one or more substituents described herein.
  • Each substituent of a specific group is further optionally substituted with one to three of halo, cyano, oxo, alkoxy, hydroxy, amino, nitro, aryl, cycloaliphatic, heterocycloaliphatic, heteroaryl, haloalkyl, and alkyl.
  • an alkyl group can be substituted with alkylsulfanyl and the alkylsulfanyl can be optionally substituted with one to three of halo, cyano, oxo, alkoxy, hydroxy, amino, nitro, aryl, haloalkyl, and alkyl.
  • the cycloalkyl portion of a (cycloalkyl)carbonylamino can be optionally substituted with one to three of halo, cyano, alkoxy, hydroxy, nitro, haloalkyl, and alkyl.
  • substituted refers generally to the replacement of hydrogen atoms in a given structure with the radical of a specified substituent. Specific substituents are described above in the definitions and below in the description of compounds and examples thereof. Unless otherwise indicated, an optionally substituted group can have a substituent at each substitutable position of the group, and when more than one position in any given structure can be substituted with more than one substituent selected from a specified group, the substituent can be either the same or different at every position.
  • a ring substituent such as a heterocycloalkyl
  • spiro heterocycloalkyls include
  • stable or chemically feasible refers to compounds that are not substantially altered when subjected to conditions to allow for their production, detection, and their recovery, purification, and use for one or more of the purposes disclosed herein.
  • a stable compound or chemically feasible compound is one that is not substantially altered when kept at a temperature of 40 °C or less, in the absence of moisture or other chemically reactive conditions, for at least a week.
  • an “effective amount” is defined as the amount required to confer a therapeutic effect on the treated patient, and is typically determined based on age, surface area, weight, and condition of the patient. The interrelationship of dosages for animals and humans (based on milligrams per meter squared of body surface) is described by Freireich et al ., Cancer Chemother. Rep., 50: 219 (1966). Body surface area may be approximately determined from height and weight of the patient. See, e.g., Scientific Tables, Geigy Pharmaceuticals, Ardsley, New York, 537 (1970). As used herein, “patient” refers to a mammal, including a human.
  • compositions refer to preparations that are in such form as to permit the biological activity of the active ingredient to be effective, and that contain no additional components that are unacceptably toxic to an individual to which the formulation or composition would be administered. Such formulations or compositions may be sterile.
  • excipients include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, carriers, vehicles or stabilizers that are nontoxic to the cell or mammal being exposed thereto at the dosages and concentrations employed.
  • physiologically acceptable excipient is an aqueous pH buffered solution.
  • treating refers to executing a protocol, which may include administering one or more therapeutic agent to an individual (human or otherwise), in an effort to obtain beneficial or desired results in the individual, including clinical results.
  • beneficial or desired clinical results include, but are not limited to, alleviation or amelioration of one or more symptoms, diminishment of extent of disease, stabilized (i.e., not worsening) state of disease, preventing spread of disease, delay or slowing of disease progression, amelioration or palliation of the disease state, and remission (whether partial or total).
  • treatment also can mean prolonging survival as compared to expected survival of an individual not receiving treatment.
  • “treating” and “treatment” may occur by administration of one dose of a therapeutic agent or therapeutic agents, or may occur upon administration of a series of doses of a therapeutic agent or therapeutic agents. In certain embodiments, “treating” or “treatment” does not require complete alleviation of signs or symptoms, and does not require a cure. In certain embodiments, “treatment” also can refer to clinical intervention, such as administering one or more therapeutic agents to an individual, designed to alter the natural course of the individual or cell being treated (i.e., to alter the course of the individual or cell that would occur in the absence of the clinical intervention). In certain embodiments, the term “therapeutic agent” can refer to a CTM drug that induce the proteolytic degradation of tyrosine-protein kinase (ITK), or compositions thereof.
  • ITK tyrosine-protein kinase
  • an “individual” a “patient” or a “subject” refers a mammal.
  • a “mammal” for purposes of treatment includes humans; non-human primates; domestic and farm animals; and zoo, sports, or pet animals, such as dogs, horses, rabbits, cattle, pigs, hamsters, gerbils, mice, ferrets, rats, cats, etc.
  • the individual or subject is human.
  • the term “about” means within ⁇ 10% of a value.
  • a dose that is about 100 mg/kg provides that the dose can be 90 mg/kg to 110 mg/kg.
  • an amount of an additional therapeutic agent ranging from about 50% to about 100% provides that the amount of additional therapeutic agent ranges from 45-55% to 90-110%.
  • structures depicted herein also are meant to include all isomeric (e.g., enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational)) forms of the structure; for example, the ( R )- and (S)- configurations for each asymmetric center, (Z)- and (E)- double bond isomers, and (Z)- and (E)- conformational isomers. Therefore, single stereochemical isomers as well as enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational) mixtures of the present compounds are within the scope of the description.
  • isomeric e.g., enantiomeric, diastereomeric, and geometric (or conformational
  • enantiomeric excess refers to a dimensionless mol ratio describing the purity of chiral substances that contain, for example, a single stereogenic center. For instance, an enantiomeric excess of zero would indicate a racemic (e.g., 50:50 mixture of enantiomers, or no excess of one enantiomer over the other). By way of further example, an enantiomeric excess of ninety-nine would indicate a nearly stereopure enantiomeric compound (i.e., large excess of one enantiomer over the other).
  • diastereomeric excess refers to a dimensionless mol ratio describing the purity of chiral substances that contain more than one stereogenic center. For example, a diastereomeric excess of zero would indicate an equimolar mixture of diastereoisomers. By way of further example, diastereomeric excess of ninety-nine would indicate a nearly stereopure diastereomeric compound (i.e., large excess of one diastereomer over the other). Diastereomeric excess may be calculated via a similar method to ee. As would be appreciated by a person of skill, de is usually reported as percent de (% de). % de may be calculated in a similar manner to % ee.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de greater than zero.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de of ten.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de of twenty-five.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de of fifty.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de of seventy-five.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de range from ninety to one hundred. In certain embodiments, the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de range from ninety-five to one hundred. In certain embodiments, the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de range from ninety-seven to one hundred. In certain embodiments, the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de range from ninety-eight to one hundred.
  • the compounds or inhibitors described herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de range from ninety-nine to one hundred. [00095] In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ten. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eleven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twelve. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirteen. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fourteen.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifteen. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixteen. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventeen. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighteen. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is nineteen.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is twenty-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty- three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is thirty-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty- six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is forty-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is fifty-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty- one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is sixty-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is seventy-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty- three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is eighty-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-one. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-two. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-three. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-four.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety- five. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-six. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-seven. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-eight. In one embodiment of a compound or inhibitor described herein, the ee, de, % ee, or % de is ninety-nine.
  • the ee, de, % ee, or % de is one hundred.
  • compounds or inhibitors described within Table 1 herein have an ee, de, % ee, or % de as described within this paragraph.
  • compounds or inhibitors described in the Examples and/or Biological Examples have an ee, de, % ee, or % de as described within this paragraph.
  • all tautomeric forms of the compounds of the description are within the scope of the description.
  • structures depicted herein also are meant to include compounds that differ only in the presence of one or more isotopically enriched atoms.
  • compounds having the present structures except for the replacement of hydrogen by deuterium or tritium, or the replacement of a carbon by a 13 C- or 14 C-enriched carbon are within the scope of this description.
  • Such compounds are useful, for example, as analytical tools or probes in biological assays, or as therapeutic agents.
  • &1 means that a compound including the “&1” notation at a particular chemical element or atom (e.g., carbon) within the compound was prepared as a mixture of two stereoisomers at the noted chemical element or atom (e.g., a diastereomeric mixture having a de or % de as described above).
  • R 1 is hydrogen or C1-3 alkyl
  • R 2 is hydrogen, substituted or unsubsituted C1-5 alkyl, or substituted or unsubsituted C1-5 alkoxy
  • R 3 is methyl, or methylene bound to R 4 to form a substituted or unsubsituted cyclopropyl
  • R 4 is hydrogen, or methylene bound to R 3 to form the substituted or unsubsituted cyclopropyl.
  • X 1 is C-H or N.
  • R 10 is hydrogen or substituted or unsubstituted Ci-x alkyl. In certain embodiments, R 10 is hydrogen, or methyl. In certain embodiments, X 1 is C-H; and R 10 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, X 1 is C; and R 10 is methyl. In certain embodiments, X 1 is N; and R 10 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen, or methyl;
  • R 2 is methyl;
  • R 3 is methyl, or methylene bound to R 4 to form a substituted cyclopropyl;
  • R 4 is hydrogen, or methylene bound to R 3 to form the substituted cyclopropyl.
  • X 1 is C-H or N.
  • R 10 is hydrogen, or Ci-salkyl.
  • R 10 is hydrogen, or methyl.
  • X 1 is C-H; and R 10 is hydrogen.
  • X 1 is C; and R 10 is methyl.
  • X 1 is N; and R 10 is hydrogen.
  • X 1 is C-H, or nitrogen.
  • Z 1 is a heterocycle, or -N(R 1 )-heterocycle.
  • Z 1 is selected from the group consisting of embodiments, each R 6 is hydrogen, halogen, or -C 1 -C 3 alkyl. In certain embodiments, each R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments, each R 6 is methyl.
  • R a is halogen, - C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or -C 1 -C 3 alkaoxy. In certain embodiments, 0 is 1, 2, or 3.
  • L is a linker.
  • the linker can be any linker suitable for linking the right and left portions of the molecule.
  • the linker does not interfere with the harness or hook functions of the molecule.
  • the linker provides useful solubility, flexibility, and/or distance between the portions of the molecule.
  • L is a linker according to the formula -L 1 -L 2 -L 3 -L 4 -L 5 -L 6 -L 7 -. Each group L x is described in detail below.
  • the linker comprises at least one heterocyclic group. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises at one heterocyclic group. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises two heterocyclic groups. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises three heterocyclic groups. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises at least one spiro bicyclic heterocycloalkyl ene groups. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises at one spiro bicyclic heterocycloalkyl ene group. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises at two spiro bicyclic heterocycloalkyl ene groups. In certain embodiments, the linker comprises at three spiro bicyclic heterocycloalkyl ene groups.
  • the linker comprises at least one heterocycloalkyl ene group and at least one spiro bicyclic heterocycloalkylene.
  • the remaining groups of the linker are selected for chemical compatibility with adjacent groups, as will be recognized by those of skill in the art.
  • L is a linker according to the formula -L 1 -L 2 -L 3 -L 4 -L 5 - L 6 -L 7 -.
  • -L 1 - is absent, -N(R 21 )-; C(R 22 )-; Ci-xalkylene; C2-8alkynylene; Q 1 ; or Q 2 .
  • each -L 2 -, -L 3 -, -L 4 -, and -L 5 - is independently, absent; - N(R 21 )-; C(R 22 )-; -C(0)-; -0-; -(CH 2 -CH 2 -0)I-8-; Ci-salkylene; Ci-salkynylene; Q 1 ; Q 2 ; or Q 3 .
  • each -L 6 - and -L 7 - is independently, absent; -N(R 21 )-; -C(R 22 )-; -C(O)-; -C(0)-N(R 21 )-; -N(R 21 )-C(0); or -C(R 22 )-C(0)-N(R 21 ).
  • L comprises at least one Q 1 .
  • L comprises one Q 1 .
  • L comprises two Q 1 .
  • L comprises three Q 1 .
  • L comprises at least one Q 2 .
  • L comprises one Q 2 .
  • L comprises two Q2.
  • L comprises three Q 2 . In certain embodiments, L comprises at least one Q 1 and at least one Q 2 .In certain embodiments, L comprises one Q 1 and one Q 2 .
  • each Q 1 is a three- to eight-membered heterocycloalkyl ene comprising at least one nitrogen, wherein the heterocycloalkylene is optionally subsituted.
  • each Q 2 is a five- to thirteen-membered spiro bicyclic heterocycloalkylene comprising at least one nitrogen, wherein the heterocycloalkylene is optionally subsituted.
  • each Q 3 is a three- to six-membered cycloalkylene, wherein the cycloalkylene is optionally subsituted.
  • each R 21 is hydrogen, or methyl.
  • each R 22 is hydrogen, methyl, aryl, or heteroaryl.
  • R 7 is hydrogen, halogen, or -C1-C3 alkyl; and R 5 is hydrogen, halogen, or -C1-C3 alkyl.
  • R 7 is hydrogen; and R 5 is hydrogen.
  • R 5 is -F.
  • Z 1 is selected from the group consisting designates attachment to X 1 ; and * designates attachment to L.
  • Z 1 is wherein designates attachment to X 1 ;
  • L and 5 designates attachment to L.
  • Z 1 is selected from the group consisting of
  • Z 1 is selected from the group consisting of
  • Z 1 is selected from the group consisting , ? * designates attachment
  • R a is halogen, -C1-C3 alkyl, or -C1-C3 alkaoxy. In certain embodiments, 0 is 1, 2, or 3. [000126] In certain embodiments of Formula (I), (II), (III), (Ilia), (IV), (IVa), (V), (Va),
  • Z 1 is selected from the group consisting of
  • Z 1 is x1 V ' VV * L , wherein c1 i 5 designates attachment to X 1 ;
  • L comprises at least one -Q 1 - according t , wherein n 1 is one, or two, and n 2 is one, or two.
  • L is selected from: -Q 1 -N(Me)-CH 2 -Q 1 -C(0)-;
  • L comprises at least one -Q 1 - selected from the group consisting , wherein -Q 1 - is optionally mono- or di- substiuted with a group independently selected from -F, -CFb, and -CH 2 CH 3 .
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according wherein n 3 is one or two.
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according wherein n 4 is one, or two, n 5 is one, or two, and n 6 is one, or two.
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according to
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according to Y N n n 8 wherein n 8 is one, or two, wherein -Q 2 - is optionally mono- or di-substiuted with a group independently selected from -F, -CFb, and -CH 2 CH 3 .
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according t wherein -Q 2 - is optionally mono- or di-substiuted with a group independently selected from -F, - CH 3 , and -CH2CH3.
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according t
  • n 18 and n 19 is two, or piperidinyl; or when n 18 is two, then n 19 is three, or azepanyl; or when n 18 is three, then n 19 is two, or azepanyl.
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according to
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according t , wherein n 22 is zero to two; n 23 is zero to two, and n 24 is one, or two. In certain embodiments, when n 22 is two, then n 23 and n 24 is one; or when n 22 is two, then n 23 and n 24 is two.
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according to
  • L comprises at least one -Q 2 - according to
  • L comprises at least one -Q 3 - according t wherein n 1 is one, or two, and n 2 is one, or two. [000144] In certain embodiments, L comprises at least one -Q 3 - selected from the group
  • the linker group L is -C(O)-.
  • the linker group L is selected from:
  • R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • Z 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • Z 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • Z 1 is certain embodiments of Formula (I), (II),
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is -F; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is -F; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is -F; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is -F; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R a is halogen, -C1-C3 alkyl, or -C1-C3 alkaoxy.
  • R a is halogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is -C1-C3 alkyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is -C1-C3 alkaoxy. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 1, 2, 3, or 4. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 1. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 2. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 3. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 4.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R a is halogen, -C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or -C 1 -C 3 alkaoxy.
  • R a is halogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is -C 1 -C 3 alkyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is -C 1 -C 3 alkaoxy. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 1, 2, 3, or 4. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 1. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 2. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 3. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 4.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C- H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl. [000180] In certain embodiments of Formula (I), (II), (III), (Ilia), (IV), (IVa), (V), (Va), .
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R a is halogen, -C 1 -C 3 alkyl, or -C 1 -C 3 alkaoxy. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is halogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is -C1-C3 alkyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R a is -C1-C3 alkaoxy. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 1, 2, 3, or 4. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 1. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 2. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 3. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, 0 is 4.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is hydrogen; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is hydrogen; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is C-H; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is hydrogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is hydrogen.
  • R 1 is methyl; R 10 is methyl; X 1 is N; R 5 is halogen; and R 7 is methyl.
  • R 6 is hydrogen. In certain embodiments of this paragraph, R 6 is methyl.
  • the compound is selected from the compounds in Table 1.
  • Pharmaceutical Compositions are selected from the compounds in Table 1.
  • compositions that further comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, adjuvant, or vehicle.
  • this disclosure provides a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound described above, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, adjuvant, or vehicle.
  • this disclosure is a pharmaceutical composition comprising an effective amount of a compound of this disclosure, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent, adjuvant, or vehicle.
  • Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, for example, pharmaceutical diluents, excipients, or carriers suitably selected with respect to the intended form of administration, and consistent with conventional pharmaceutical practices.
  • compositions of this description comprise a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of Formula (I), (II), (III), (Ilia), (IV), (IVa), (V), (Va), (Vb), (VI), (Via), and/or (VIb), wherein a “therapeutically effective amount” is an amount that is (a) effective to measurably degrade ITK (or reduce the amount of ITK) in a biological sample or in a patient; or (b) effective in treating and/or ameliorating a disease or disorder that is mediated by ITK.
  • a “therapeutically effective amount” is an amount that is (a) effective to measurably degrade ITK (or reduce the amount of ITK) in a biological sample or in a patient; or (b) effective in treating and/or ameliorating a disease or disorder that is mediated by ITK.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable derivative includes, but is not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable prodrugs, salts, esters, salts of such esters, or any other adduct/educt or derivative that upon administration to a patient in need is capable of providing, directly or indirectly, a compound as otherwise described herein, or a metabolite, or residue thereof.
  • the term “pharmaceutically acceptable salt” refers to those salts that are, within the scope of sound medical judgement, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like.
  • Examples of pharmaceutically acceptable, nontoxic acid addition salts include salts of an amino group formed with inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid; or with organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, or malonic acid; or by using other methods used in the art such as ion exchange.
  • inorganic acids such as hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and perchloric acid
  • organic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, succinic acid, or malonic acid
  • salts include adipate, alginate, ascorbate, aspartate, benzenesulfonate, benzoate, bisulfate, borate, butyrate, camphorate, camphorsulfonate, citrate, cyclopentanepropionate, digluconate, dodecyl sulfate, ethanesulfonate, formate, fumarate, glucoheptonate, glycerophosphate, gluconate, hemi sulfate, heptanoate, hexanoate, hydroiodide, 2-hydroxy-ethanesulfonate, lactobionate, lactate, laurate, lauryl sulfate, malate, maleate, malonate, methanesulfonate, 2-naphthalenesulfonate, nicotinate, nitrate, oleate, oxalate, palmitate, pamoate, pec
  • Salts derived from appropriate bases include alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and N + (C I-4 alkyl)4 salts. This description also envisions the quatemization of any basic nitrogen-containing groups of the compounds disclosed herein. Water or oil-soluble or dispersable products may be obtained by such quatemization.
  • Representative alkali or alkaline earth metal salts include sodium, lithium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and the like.
  • Further pharmaceutically acceptable salts include, when appropriate, nontoxic ammonium, quaternary ammonium, and amine cations formed using counterions such as halide, hydroxide, carboxylate, sulfate, phosphate, nitrate, lower alkyl sulfonate, and aryl sulfonate.
  • a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier may contain inert ingredients that do not unduly inhibit the biological activity of the compounds.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carriers should be biocompatible, for example, non-toxic, non-inflammatory, non-immunogenic, or devoid of other undesired reactions or side-effects upon the administration to a subject. Standard pharmaceutical formulation techniques can be employed.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle includes any and all solvents, diluents, or other liquid vehicle, dispersion, or suspension aids, surface active agents, isotonic agents, thickening or emulsifying agents, preservatives, solid binders, lubricants, and the like, as suited to the particular dosage form desired.
  • Remington s Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sixteenth Edition, E. W. Martin (Mack Publishing Co., Easton, Pa., 1980) discloses various carriers used in formulating pharmaceutically acceptable compositions, and known techniques for the preparation thereof.
  • any conventional carrier medium is incompatible with the compounds described herein, such as by producing any undesirable biological effect, or otherwise interacting in a deleterious manner with any other component(s) of the pharmaceutically acceptable composition
  • the use of such conventional carrier medium is contemplated to be within the scope of this description.
  • side effects encompasses unwanted and adverse effects of a therapy (e.g., a prophylactic or therapeutic agent). Side effects are always unwanted, but unwanted effects are not necessarily adverse. An adverse effect from a therapy (e.g., prophylactic, or therapeutic agent) might be harmful, uncomfortable, or risky.
  • Side effects include, but are not limited to, fever, chills, lethargy, gastrointestinal toxicities (including gastric and intestinal ulcerations and erosions), nausea, vomiting, neurotoxicities, nephrotoxicities, renal toxicities (including such conditions as papillary necrosis and chronic interstitial nephritis), hepatic toxicities (including elevated serum liver enzyme levels), myelotoxicities (including leukopenia, myelosuppression, thrombocytopenia and anemia), dry mouth, metallic taste, prolongation of gestation, weakness, somnolence, pain (including muscle pain, bone pain, and headache), hair loss, asthenia, dizziness, extra-pyramidal symptoms, akathisia, cardiovascular disturbances, and sexual dysfunction.
  • gastrointestinal toxicities including gastric and intestinal ulcerations and erosions
  • nausea vomiting
  • neurotoxicities including nephrotoxicities, renal toxicities (including such conditions as papillary necrosis and chronic interstitial nephritis)
  • hepatic toxicities
  • Some examples of materials that can serve as pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, serum proteins (such as human serum albumin), buffer substances (such as tween 80, phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, or potassium sorbate), partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids, water, salts or electrolytes (such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, or zinc salts), colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylates, waxes, polyethylene-polyoxypropylene-block polymers, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, wool fat, sugars such as lactose, glucose, and sucrose; starches such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives such as sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, ethyl
  • the term “measurably degrade,” means a measurable reduction in (a) ITK activity, between a sample comprising a compound of this description and an ITK and an equivalent sample comprising an ITK in the absence of said compound; or (b) the concentration of the ITK in a sample over time.
  • compositions of the present invention may be administered orally, parenterally, by inhalation spray, topically, rectally, nasally, buccally, vaginally or via an implanted reservoir.
  • parenteral includes subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular, intra- articular, intra-synovial, intrasternal, intrathecal, intraocular, intrahepatic, intralesional and intracranial injection or infusion techniques.
  • the compositions are administered orally, intraperitoneally or intravenously.
  • Sterile injectable forms of the compositions of this invention may be aqueous or oleaginous suspension.
  • suspensions may be formulated according to techniques known in the art using suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents.
  • the sterile injectable preparation also may be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3-butanediol.
  • acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution.
  • sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium.
  • any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono- or di-glycerides.
  • Fatty acids such as oleic acid and its glyceride derivatives, are useful in the preparation of injectables, as are natural pharmaceutically acceptable oils, such as olive oil or castor oil, especially in their polyoxyethylated versions.
  • These oil solutions or suspensions also may contain a long-chain alcohol diluent or dispersant, such as carboxymethyl cellulose or similar dispersing agents that are commonly used in the formulation of pharmaceutically acceptable dosage forms including emulsions and suspensions.
  • Other commonly used surfactants such as Tweens, Spans and other emulsifying agents or bioavailability enhancers that are commonly used in the manufacture of pharmaceutically acceptable solid, liquid, or other dosage forms may also be used for the purposes of formulation.
  • compositions of this invention may be orally administered in any orally acceptable dosage form including, but not limited to, capsules, tablets, aqueous suspensions or solutions.
  • carriers commonly used include lactose and com starch.
  • Lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, are also typically added.
  • useful diluents include lactose and dried cornstarch.
  • aqueous suspensions are required for oral use, the active ingredient is combined with emulsifying and suspending agents. If desired, certain sweetening, flavoring or coloring agents also may be added.
  • compositions of this invention may be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal or vaginal administration.
  • suppositories for rectal or vaginal administration.
  • These can be prepared by mixing the agent with a suitable non-irritating excipient that is solid at room temperature but liquid at rectal temperature and therefore will melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity to release the drug.
  • suitable non-irritating excipient include cocoa butter, polyethylene glycol or a suppository wax that is solid at ambient temperature but liquid at body temperature and therefore melt in the rectum or vaginal cavity and release the active compound.
  • compositions of this invention also may be administered topically, especially when the target of treatment includes areas or organs readily accessible by topical application, including diseases of the eye, skin, or lower intestinal tract. Suitable topical formulations are readily prepared for each of these areas or organs.
  • Topical application for the lower intestinal tract can be effected in a rectal suppository formulation (see above) or in a suitable enema formulation. Topically-transdermal patches also may be used.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions may be formulated in a suitable ointment containing the active component suspended or dissolved in one or more carriers.
  • Carriers for topical administration of the compounds of this invention include, but are not limited to, mineral oil, liquid petrolatum, white petrolatum, propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene, polyoxypropylene compound, emulsifying wax and water.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions can be formulated in a suitable lotion or cream containing the active components suspended or dissolved in one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers.
  • Suitable carriers include, but are not limited to, mineral oil, sorbitan monostearate, polysorbate 60, cetyl esters wax, cetearyl alcohol, 2-octyldodecanol, benzyl alcohol and water.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions may be formulated, e.g., as micronized suspensions in isotonic, pH adjusted sterile saline or other aqueous solution, or, preferably, as solutions in isotonic, pH adjusted sterile saline or other aqueous solution, either with or without a preservative such as benzylalkonium chloride.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions may be formulated in an ointment such as petrolatum.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions of this invention also may be administered by nasal aerosol or inhalation.
  • compositions are prepared according to techniques well-known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation and may be prepared as solutions in saline, employing benzyl alcohol or other suitable preservatives, absorption promoters to enhance bioavailability, fluorocarbons, and/or other conventional solubilizing or dispersing agents.
  • the compositions of this disclosure are administered orally.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable compositions of this description may be orally administered in any orally acceptable dosage form including, but not limited to, capsules, tablets, aqueous suspensions, or solutions.
  • carriers commonly used include lactose and com starch.
  • Lubricating agents such as magnesium stearate, are also typically added.
  • useful diluents include lactose and dried cornstarch.
  • the active ingredient is combined with emulsifying and suspending agents. If desired, certain sweetening, flavoring, or coloring agents also may be added.
  • Liquid dosage forms for oral administration include, but are not limited to, pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, microemulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, and elixirs.
  • the liquid dosage forms may contain inert diluents commonly used in the art such as, for example, water or other solvents, solubilizing agents and emulsifiers such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, ethyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, benzyl alcohol, benzyl benzoate, propylene glycol, 1,3 -butylene glycol, dimethylformamide, oils (in particular, cottonseed, groundnut, com, germ, olive, castor, and sesame oils), glycerol, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, polyethylene glycols and fatty acid esters of sorbitan, and mixtures thereof.
  • inert diluents such as, for example, water or other solvents, solub
  • Solid dosage forms for oral administration include capsules, tablets, pills, powders, and granules.
  • the active compound herein is mixed with at least one inert, pharmaceutically acceptable excipient or carrier such as sodium citrate or dicalcium phosphate, and/or a) fillers or extenders such as starches, lactose, sucrose, glucose, mannitol, and silicic acid; b) binders such as carboxymethylcellulose, alginates, gelatin, polyvinylpyrrolidinone, sucrose, and acacia; c) humectants such as glycerol; d) disintegrating agents such as agar-agar, calcium carbonate, potato or tapioca starch, alginic acid, certain silicates, and sodium carbonate; e) solution retarding agents such as paraffin; f) absorption accelerators such as quaternary ammonium compounds; g) wetting agents such as, for example, cetyl alcohol and
  • Solid compositions of a similar type also may be employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecular weight polyethylene glycols and the like.
  • the solid dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art.
  • Solid dosage forms optionally may contain opacifying agents.
  • These solid dosage forms also can be of a composition such that they release the active ingredient(s) only, for example, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner. Examples of embedding compositions that can be used include polymeric substances and waxes.
  • Solid compositions of a similar type also may be employed as fillers in soft and hard-filled gelatin capsules using such excipients as lactose or milk sugar as well as high molecular weight polethylene glycols and the like.
  • the active compounds herein also can be in micro-encapsulated form with one or more excipients as noted above.
  • the solid dosage forms of tablets, dragees, capsules, pills, and granules can be prepared with coatings and shells such as enteric coatings, release controlling coatings, and other coatings well known in the pharmaceutical formulating art.
  • the active compound may be admixed with at least one inert diluent such as sucrose, lactose, or starch.
  • Such dosage forms also may comprise, as is normal practice, additional substances other than inert diluents, for example, tableting lubricants and other tableting aids such a magnesium stearate and microcrystalline cellulose.
  • the dosage forms also may comprise buffering agents. They may optionally contain opacifying agents and also can be of a composition such that they release the active ingredient(s) only, for example, in a certain part of the intestinal tract, optionally, in a delayed manner.
  • buffering agents include polymeric substances and waxes.
  • dosage unit form refers to a physically discrete unit of agent appropriate for the patient to be treated. It will be understood, however, that the total daily usage of the compounds, and compositions of this disclosure will be decided by the attending physician within the scope of sound medical judgment.
  • the specific effective dose level for any particular patient or organism will depend upon a variety of factors including the disorder being treated and the severity of the disorder; the activity of the specific compound employed; the specific composition employed; the age, body weight, general health, sex, and diet of the patient; the time of administration, route of administration, and rate of excretion of the specific compound employed; the duration of the treatment; drugs used in combination or coincidental with the specific compound employed, and like factors well known in the medical arts.
  • compositions should be formulated so that a dosage of between 0.01 - 100 mg/kg body weight/day of the compound or inhibitor can be administered to a patient receiving these compositions.
  • additional therapeutic agents which are normally administered to treat or prevent that condition, also may be present in the compositions of this disclosure.
  • additional therapeutic agents that are normally administered to treat or prevent a particular disease, or condition are known as “appropriate for the disease, or condition, being treated.”
  • the compound or composition can be administered concurrently with, prior to, or subsequent to, one or more additional therapeutically active agents.
  • each agent will be administered at a dose and/or on a time schedule determined for that agent.
  • the additional therapeutically active agent utilized in this combination can be administered together in a single composition or administered separately in different compositions.
  • the particular combination to employ in a regimen will take into account compatibility of the inventive compound with the additional therapeutically active agent and/or the desired therapeutic effect to be achieved.
  • additional therapeutically active agents utilized in combination be utilized at levels that do not exceed the levels at which they are utilized individually. In some embodiments, the levels utilized in combination will be lower than those utilized individually.
  • Additional therapeutically active agents include, but are not limited to, small organic molecules such as drug compounds (e.g., compounds approved by the Food and Drugs Administration as provided in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)), peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides, nucleoproteins, mucoproteins, lipoproteins, synthetic polypeptides or proteins, small molecules linked to proteins, glycoproteins, steroids, nucleic acids, DNAs, RNAs, nucleotides, nucleosides, oligonucleotides, antisense oligonucleotides, lipids, hormones, vitamins and cells.
  • the additional therapeutically agent is a cancer agent (e.g., a biotherapeutic or chemo therapeutic cancer agent).
  • the additional therapeutically active agent is an antiinflammatory agent.
  • the amount of additional therapeutic agent present in the compositions of this disclosure will be no more than the amount that would normally be administered in a composition comprising that therapeutic agent as the only active agent.
  • the amount of additional therapeutic agent in the presently disclosed compositions will range from about 50% to 100% of the amount normally present in a composition comprising that agent as the only therapeutically active agent.
  • an embodiment of this disclosure provides a method of treating an ITK-mediated disease or disorder.
  • ITK-mediated disease or disorder means any disease, disorder, or other deleterious condition in which an ITK is known to play a role.
  • an ITK-mediated disease or disorder is a proliferative disorder, or an autoimmune disorder. Examples of proliferative disorders include cancer.
  • kits for treating or preventing cancer in a subject in need thereof comprise the step of orally administering to the subject an amount of a bifunctional compound capable of inducing proteolytic degradation of ITK. In certain embodiments, the amount is effective to treat or prevent the cancer.
  • the cancer is any cancer described below.
  • the cancer comprises a solid tumor.
  • the cancer is a B cell malignancy.
  • the cancer is selected from the group consisting of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL), transformed CLL or Richter’s transformation, small cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma (FL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), non-Hodgkin lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL), Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM), and central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma.
  • CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia
  • SLL small lymphocytic lymphoma
  • Richter transformed CLL or Richter’s transformation
  • the cancer is chronic lymphocytic leukemia. In certain embodiments, the cancer is small cell lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is follicular lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is non-Hodgkin lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is mantle cell lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is marginal zone lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia. In certain embodiments, the cancer is small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL). In certain embodiments, the cancer is CNS lymphoma. In certain embodiments, the cancer is transformed CLL or Richter’s transformation.
  • SLL small lymphocytic lymphoma
  • kits for degrading ITK in a subject in need thereof comprise the step of orally administering to the subject an amount of a bifunctional compound capable of inducing proteolytic degradation of ITK. In certain embodiments, the amount is effective to degrade ITK in the subject.
  • the ITK can be expressed in any cells or tissues of the subject. In certain embodiments, the ITK is expressed in splenocytes. In certain embodiments, the ITK is expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  • kits for preventing B cell activation in a subject in need thereof comprise the step of orally administering to the subject an amount of a bifunctional compound capable of inducing proteolytic degradation of ITK. In certain embodiments, the amount is effective to prevent B cell activation.
  • the B cell expresses CD69. In certain embodiments, the B cell expresses CD86. In certain embodiments, the B cell expresses CD69 and CD86.
  • the bifunctional compounds comprise a moiety capable of specifically binding ITK and further comprise a moiety capable of recruiting an ubiquitin ligase to degrade the ITK.
  • Particular compounds are described herein.
  • the compounds can be administered in any form, including pharmaceutically acceptable salt and pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the bifunctional compound can be administered in any dose deemed suitable by the practitioner of skill.
  • the dose is 0.1-1000 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-900 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-800 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-700 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-600 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-500 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-400 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-300 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-200 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is 0.1-100 mg/kg.
  • the dose is selected from the group consisting of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, 450 mg/kg, 600 mg/kg, 800 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 25 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 50 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 75 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 100 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 150 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 200 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 250 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 300 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 400 mg/kg.
  • the dose is about 450 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 500 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 600 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 700 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 750 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 800 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 900 mg/kg. In certain embodiments, the dose is about 1000 mg/kg.
  • the dose can be administered on a schedule deemed suitable by the person of skill in the art.
  • the dose is administered once per day.
  • the dose is administered twice per day.
  • the dose is administered three times per day.
  • the dose is administered four times per day.
  • the dose is administered in divided doses.
  • the dose is administered in two divided doses per day.
  • the dose is administered in three divided doses per day.
  • the dose is administered in four divided doses per day.
  • the dose is administered daily for fourteen days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for thirteen days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for twelve days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for eleven days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for ten days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for nine days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for eight days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for seven days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for six days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for five days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for four days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for three days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered daily for two days. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered for one day.
  • the doses can be administered on consecutive days or cyclicly, according to the judgment of the practitioner of skill. In certain embodiments, the doses are administered on consecutive days. In certain embodiments, the doses are administered with an interval between doses. In certain embodiments, the interval is one day. In certain embodiments, the interval is two days. In certain embodiments, the interval is three days. In certain embodiments, the interval is four days. In certain embodiments, the interval is five days. In certain embodiments, the interval is six days.
  • the dose is administered weekly. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered twice per week. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered three times per week.
  • the dose(s) are administered for a period of time with a first interval between dose(s), and then the dose(s) are re-administered for a period of time following the first interval between dose(s), wherein this dosing regimen can be repeated (i.e., cyclicly or cyclically, for example, after a second, third, etc. interval between subsequent administrations of dose(s)) according to the judgment of the practitioner of skill.
  • a first dose is administered for one week, followed by a first interval of one week without the first dose administration; then, a second dose is re-administered for another week, followed by a second interval of one week without the first or second dose administration, and so on cyclically.
  • Other perturbations for first, second, third, etc. dose(s) followed by perturbations for first, second, third, etc. interval(s), and combinations thereof, are contemplated herein as would be appreciated by the practitioner of skill and the need of the patient.
  • a first dose is administered daily for one week, followed by a first interval of three weeks without the first daily dose administration; then, a second dose is re-administered biweekly for another week, followed by a second interval of four weeks without the first daily or second biweekly dose administration, and so on cyclically.
  • the compound can be administered by any route of administration deemed suitable by the practioner of skill. In certain embodiments, the dose is administered orally. Formulations and techniques for administration are described in detail below.
  • cancer includes, but is not limited to, the following cancers: epidermoid Oral: buccal cavity, lip, tongue, mouth, pharynx, squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (HNSCC); Cardiac: sarcoma (angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, liposarcoma), myxoma, rhabdomyoma, fibroma, lipoma, and teratoma; Lung: bronchogenic carcinoma (squamous cell or epidermoid, undifferentiated small cell, undifferentiated large cell, adenocarcinoma), alveolar (bronchiolar) carcinoma, bronchial adenoma, sarcoma, lymphoma, chondromatous hamartoma, mesothelioma, non-small cell lung cancer (NS CLC); Gastrointestinal: gastric cancer
  • autoimmune disease includes, but is not limited to, the following autoimmune diseases: uticaria, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), acute graft- versus-host disease, pemphigus vulgaris, achalasia, Addison’s disease, Adult Still’s disease, agammaglobulinemia, alopecia areata, amyloidosis, ankylosing spondylitis, anti-GBM/anti-TBM nephritis, antiphospholipid syndrome, autoimmune angioedema, autoimmune dysautonomia, autoimmune encephalomyelitis, autoimmune hepatitis, autoimmune inner ear disease (AIED), autoimmune myocarditis, autoimmune oophoritis, autoimmune orchitis, autoimmune pancreatitis, autoimmune retinopathy, axonal and neuronal neuropathy (AMAN), Balo disease, Behcet’s disease, benign mucosal pemphigo
  • inflammatory disease includes, but is not limited to, the following inflammatory diseases: encephalitis, myelitis, meningitis, arachnoiditis, neuritis, dacryoadenitis, scleritis, episcleritis, keratitis, retinitis, chorioretinitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, uveitis, otitisexterna, otitismedia, labyrinthitis, mastoiditis, endocarditis, myocarditis, pericarditis, vasculitis, arteritis, phlebitis, capillaritis, sinusitis, rhinitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, pneumonitis, pleuritis, mediastinitis, stomatitis, gingivitis,
  • articles of manufacture comprising any of the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions described herein.
  • the articles of manufacture include suitable containers or packaging materials for the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions.
  • suitable container include, but are not limited to, a bottle, a vial, a syringe, an intravenous bag, or a tube.
  • kits comprising any of the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions described herein.
  • the kits can contain the compounds or pharmaceutiucal compositions in suitable containers or packaging materials, including, but not limited to, a bottle, a vial, a syringe, an intravenous bag, or a tube.
  • the kits can comprise the compounds or pharmaceutiucal compositions for administration to an individual in single-dose form or in multiple-dose form.
  • the kits can further comprise instructions or a label for administering the compounds or pharmaceutiucal compositions to an individual according to any of the methods disclosed herein.
  • kits can further comprise equipment for administering the compounds or pharmaceutiucal compositions to an individual, including, but not limited to, needles, syringes, tubing, or intravenous bags.
  • the kits can further comprise instructions for producing any of the compounds or pharmaceutiucal compositions disclosed herein.
  • articles of manufacture comprising any of the compounds, vaccines, or pharmaceutical compositions described herein.
  • the articles of manufacture include suitable containers or packaging materials for the compounds or pharmaceutical compositions.
  • the articles of manufacture include suitable containers or packaging materials for the compounds, oncolytic viruses, or pharmaceutical compositions. Examples of a suitable container include, but are not limited to, a bottle, a vial, a syringe, an intravenous bag, or a tube.
  • CRBN-targeting LHM can be generally prepared according to Scheme B1
  • linker precursor an amino /c/T-butyl ester
  • linker A i.e., representing one or more linker segments, including L5
  • linker A two terminal reactive groups
  • Step 1 A mixture of 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-4-fluoro-2, 3-dihydro- 1/7-isoindole-l, 3- dione (0.26 mmol), aminoester (0.26 mmol), ethylbis(propan-2-yl)amine (0.52 mmol) and DMF (1 mL) was allowed to stir at 90 °C overnight. The mixture was cooled and purified by HPLC (5- 95% MeCN in FhO with 0.1% TFA) to afford the /c/7-butyl ester intermediate.
  • the /c/7-butyl ester intermediate was then hydrolyzed (see Step 2) to provide a CRBN- targeting LHP building block having “linker A” terminating in a carboxylic acid, which may be further coupled to another moiety.
  • Step 2 A mixture of /er/-butyl 4- ⁇ [2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro- liT-isoindol-4-yl]amino ⁇ butanoate (0.10 mmol) , CH2CI2 (1 mL), and TFA (1 mL) was allowed to stir at room temperature for 2 h. The mixture was concentrated to afford the carboxylic acid product.
  • CRBN-targeting LHM building blocks that may be prepared according to Scheme Bl.
  • Example 1 3-(2-((2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-4- yl)amino)ethoxy)propanoic acid (HCB1)
  • Step 1 product tert- butyl 3-[2-[[2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-l,3-dioxo-isoindolin-4- yl]amino]ethoxy]propanoate (1.8 g, 51.9%).
  • LCMS: C22H27N3O7 requires: 445, found: m/z 468 [M+Na] + .
  • Step 2 product 3-[2-[[2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-l,3-dioxo-isoindolin-4- yl]amino]ethoxy]propanoic acid (HCB1) (526 mg, 32%).
  • LCMS: C18H19N3O7 requires: 389, found: m/z 390 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 product /er/-butyl 3-[2-[2-[2-[[2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-4- yl]amino]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propanoate (1.6 g, 41%).
  • LCMS: C26H35N3O9 requires: 533, found: m/z 534 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 product 3-[2-[2-[[2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-l,3-dioxo-isoindolin-4- yl]amino]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propanoic acid (HCB2) (1.2 g, 73.62%).
  • LCMS: C22H27N3O9 requires: 477, found: m/z 478 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 product Starting from /ert-butyl 3-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[[2-[2-[[2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-l,3- dioxo-isoindolin-4-yl]amino]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propanoate (1.8 g, 2.9 mmol) provided the desired product (HCB3) (1.2 g, 2.07 mmol, 71.51%) as a yellow oil.
  • LCMS: C26H35N3O11 requires: 565, found: m/z 566 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 product 2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-4-fluoro-isoindoline-l,3-dione (2 g, 7.24 mmol) treated with /ert-butyl 3-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2- aminoethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propanoate (3.6 g, 7.24 mmol) provided /ert-butyl 3-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[[2-
  • Step 2 product Starting from /ert-butyl 3-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[[[2-(2,6-dioxo-3- piperidyl)-l,3-dioxo-isoindolin-4- yl]amino]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]propanoate (HCB4) (1.5 g, 1.93 mmol) provided the desired product (1.21 g, 1.53 mmol, 80%) as a yellow gum.
  • LCMS: C32H47N3O14 requires: 697, found: m/z 698 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 6-((2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)amino)hexanoic acid
  • TFA 0.5 mL
  • Step 1 tert- butyl 3-(4-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)piperazin-l- yl)propanoate
  • Step 2 3- ⁇ 4-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindol-5-yl]piperazin-l- yl (propanoic acid (HCB6)
  • Step 1 benzyl 2- ⁇ 2-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindol-5-yl]-2,7- diazaspiro[3.5]nonan-7-yl ⁇ acetate (HCB7b)
  • Step 2 2-(2-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)-2,7- diazaspiro[3.5]nonan-7-yl)acetic acid (HCB7)
  • HCB8 was prepared in a similar manner to HCB1 by substituting 2-(2,6- dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-5-fluoroisoindoline-l,3-dione for 2-(2, 6-dioxopiperi din-3 -yl)-4- fluoroisoindoline-l,3-dione to give the title compound.
  • LCMS: C18H19N3O7 requires: 389.1, found: m/z 387.8 [M-H] ' .
  • Step 1 benzyl 4-J 3-[(/t77-butoxy)carbonyl]azetidin-l -yl ⁇ piperidine- 1 -carboxyl ate (HCB9c)
  • Step 3 /er/-butyl l- ⁇ l-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxo-2, 3-dihydro- lif-isoindol-5- yl]piperidin-4-yl ⁇ azetidine-3-carboxylate (HCB9e)
  • reaction mixture was then moved to pre-heated bath at 90 °C, and stirred overnight under an argon atmosphere.
  • the reaction was monitored by UPLC and showed the formation of the desired product.
  • the reaction mixture was quenched with water, extracted with DCM (3x), and the organic phase was washed with ice-cold water.
  • the crude material was purified by flash chromatography eluted with DCM:Acetone (0-10%) to provide the product (HCB9e) as a yellow solid (6.95 g, 64%).
  • ESI [M+H] + 497.4.
  • Step 4 l- ⁇ l-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-lif-isoindol-5- yl]piperidin-4-yl ⁇ azetidine-3 -carboxylic acid hydrochloride (HCB9.HC1)
  • Step 1 /cvV-Butyl 2- ⁇ 4-[2-(2,6-di oxopi peri din-3 -yl)- l ,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro- 1 //-isoindol- 5-yl]piperazin-l-yl ⁇ acetate (HCBlOb)
  • reaction mixture was cooled down to rt and water (5 mL) was added dropwise. A bright-yellow precipitate was formed, filtered off, and washed water (2x) on the filter. The filtrate was extracted with DCM (2x). The combined DCM layers were concentrated in vacuo and the crude oil was combined with bright-yellow precipitate for purification.
  • Step 2 2- ⁇ 4-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-li7-isoindol-5- yl]piperazin-l-yl ⁇ acetic acid trifluoroacetate (HCB10.TFA)
  • Step 1 /cvV-butyl l-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)azetidine-3- carboxylate (HCBlla)
  • Step 1 /ert-butyl l-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)piperidine-4- carboxylate (HCB 12b)
  • Step 2 l-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (HCB 12)
  • Step 1 To a solution of fluoro-benzofuran-l,3-dione (HCB13a) (27.16 mmol) in HOAc (50 mL) were added sodium acetate (46.17 mmol) and 3-aminopiperidine-2,6-dione hydrochloride (HCB13b) (38.02 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 120 °C for 5 h. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with water. The solids were collected by filtration and dried to afford the fluoroimide intermediate 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-5-fluoroisoindoline-l,3- dione (3.0 g, 50%).
  • LCMS: C 13 H 9 FN 2 O 4 requires: 276, found: m/z 277 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 To a solution of HCB6a (0.68 mmol) in DMF (30 mL) was added tert- butyl 4- (piperazin-l-yl)butanoate (HCB13c) (0.68 mmol) and L -ethyl -A -i sopropyl propan-2-am i ne (1.4 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at 80 °C for 4 h. The resulting mixture was cooled to room temperature and diluted with water. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate.
  • Step 3 To a solution of the /ert-butyl ester intermediate (6.57 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 mL) was added trifluoroacetic acid (10 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, and then the solvent was removed under vacuum. The residue was purified by reverse phase flash column chromatography (20-80% acetonitrile in water) to afford the acid product 4-(4-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)piperazin-l-yl)butanoic acid (HCB13) TFA salt (3.35 g, 56%).
  • Step 1 To a solution of /ert-butyl 4-bromobutanoate (HCB13ca) (8.5 g, 38.10 mmol) and benzyl piperazine- 1-carboxylate (HCB13cb) (10.1 g, 45.72 mmol) in acetonitrile (100 mL) was added K2CO3 (10.5 g, 76.20 mmol). The resulting mixture was stirred at 60 °C for 16 h under nitrogen atmosphere. The solids were filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum.
  • Step 2 To a solution of benzyl 4-(4-(/er/-butoxy)-4-oxobutyl)piperazine-l- carboxylate(HCB13cd) (11.0 g, 30.39 mmol) in methanol (150 mL) was added Pd/C (10%, 2 g) under nitrogen atmosphere. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 16 h under hydrogen atmosphere (2 atm). The solids were filtered and the filtrate was concentrated under vacuum to afford /tvV-butyl 4-(piperazin-l-yl)butanoate (HCB13c) (6.6 g, crude) which was used in the next step without further purification.
  • LCMS: C12H24N2O2 requires: 228, found: m/z 229 [M+H] + .
  • HCB14 was prepared in a similar manner as HCB3 by substituting 2-(2,6- dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-4-fluoroisoindoline-l,3-dione (HCBla’) for 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-5- fluoroisoindoline-l,3-dione (HCB6a) to give the title compound.
  • HCB15 was prepared in a similar manner as HCB3 by substituting te/7-butyl 6- aminohexanoate hydrochloride for /ez7-butyl 8-aminooctanoate to give the title compound.
  • LCMS: C21H25N3O6 requires: 415.2, found: m/z 414.2[M-H] '
  • Step 1 A mixture of 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-4-fluoroisoindole-l,3-dione (497 mg, 1.8 mmol), /er/-butyl piperazine- 1-carboxylate (346 mg, 1.86 mmol), and z-P ⁇ NEt (1 mL, 5.73 mmol) in DMF (6 mL) was allowed to stir at 90 °C overnight. The reaction was diluted with FLO and extracted with EtOAc three times.
  • Step 2 A solution of 4 M hydrogen chloride (1.4 mL, 5.6 mmol) in dioxane was added dropwise to a stirring solution of /cvV-butyl 4-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindol-4- yljpiperazine- 1-carboxylate (306 mg, 0.69 mmol) in methylene chloride (1.4 mL). The reaction stirred at room temperature for two hours.
  • Step 2 Amine displacement of aryl fluoride
  • Step 3 Alcohol oxidation to the aldehyde
  • Step 1 2-(2,6-dioxopi peri din-3-yl(-5-(fV(-3 -(hydroxymethyl (pyrrol idin-1 -yl(isoindoline- 1,3-dione
  • Step 2 (3ri)-l-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)pyrrolidine-3- carbaldehyde
  • Step 1 2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-5-(4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-l-yl)isoindoline-l,3- dione
  • Step _ 2 l-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)piperidine-4- carbaldehyde
  • Step 1 (2,S)-4-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)morpholine-2- carbaldehyde
  • Step 2 (2,S)-4-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindolin-5-yl)morpholine-2- carbaldehyde
  • Example 22 l- ⁇ [(3/?)-l-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindol-5-yl]pyrrolidin-3- yl]methyl ⁇ piperidine-4-carboxylic acid (HCB 20) Step 1: To a solution of (3A)-l-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l,3-dioxoisoindol-5- yl]pyrrolidine-3-carbaldehyde (50 mg, 0.14 mmol) and fe/7-butyl piperidine-4-carboxylate (26 mg, 0.14 mmol) in DCE (1.4 mL) was added TEA (97.5 mL, 0.7 mmol, 5 equiv) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (89mg, 0.42mmol, 3 equiv) and the reaction was stirred for one hour.
  • TEA
  • Step 2 /ert-butyl 1 - ⁇ [(37?)- 1 -[2-(2,6-di ox opiperi din-3 -yl)- 1 ,3 -dioxoisoindol-5- yl]pyrrolidin-3-yl]methyl ⁇ piperidine-4-carboxylate (34 mg, 0.06 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (1 mL), followed by the addition of 2 M HC1 in dioxane (1 mL, 2 mmol) and the reaction mixture was stirred for 45 min. Then the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The crude product (44.7 mg, quant.) was used without purification.
  • LCMS: C24H28N4O6 requires: 469, found: m/z 470 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 Using the general procedure described in Scheme B2 Step 2, 2-(2,6-dioxo-3- piperidyl)-4-fluoro-isoindoline-l,3-dione (4 g, 14.21 mmol) and 2-(2-aminoethoxy)ethanol (1.42 mL, 14.21 mmol) was substituted to provide 2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-4-[2-(2- hydroxyethoxy)ethylamino]isoindoline-l,3-dione (2.8 g, 7.07 mmol, 49.75%) as a yellow oil.
  • LCMS: C17H19N3O6 requires: 361, found: m/z 362 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 To a solution of 2-(2,6-dioxo-3-piperidyl)-4-[2-(2- hydroxyethoxy)ethylamino]isoindoline-l,3-dione (2.8 g, 7.07 mmol) and pyridine (9 mL, 111.5 mmol) in DCM (20 mL) was added TsCl (2.79 g, 14.63 mmol). After stirring at rt overnight, the reaction mixture was washed with saturated aqueous NaCl, dried over Na2SC>4, and concentrated under reduced pressure. HPLC (EhOMeCN with 0.1% TFA) afforded the tosylated product.
  • CRBN-targeting LHL can be generally prepared according to Scheme Cl :
  • Step 1 Synthesis of tert-butyl 2-(4-(prop-2-ynyl)piperazin-l-yl)acetate (HCB22b) [000277] To a solution of tert-butyl 2-(piperazin-l-yl)acetate (1.5 g, 7.49 mmol) in acetonitrile (50 mL) were added 3-bromoprop-l-yne (892.5 mg, 7.50 mmol) and CS 2 CO 3 (2.4 g, 7.50 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at room temperature for 4 h. The solids were filtered and the filtrate was evaporated under vacuum.
  • Step 2 Synthesis of tert-butyl 2-(4-(3-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l-oxoisoindolin-4- yl)prop-2-ynyl)piperazin-l-yl)acetate
  • Step 4 Synthesis of 2-(4-(3-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l-oxoisoindolin-4- yl)propyl)piperazin-l-yl)acetic acid TFA salt (HCB22c.TFA)
  • Step 1 Synthesis of /er/-butyl 3-oxocyclobutane-l-carboxylate (HCB23a)
  • Step 2 Synthesis of 67.s-/ ⁇ 7/7-butyl-3-hydroxycyclobutane- l -carboxyl ate (HCB23b) [000282] To a solution of /ert-butyl 3-oxocyclobutane-l-carboxylate (17.0 g, 100.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (170 mL) and methanol (20 mL) was added sodium borohydride (1.9 g, 50.00 mmol) in portions at 0 °C. After stirring for 15 min at 0 °C, the reaction mixture was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate three times.
  • Step 3 Synthesis of /ra//.s-3-(/ ⁇ 7/7-butoxycarbonyl)cyclobutyl benzoate (HCB23e) [000283] To a solution of 67.s-/ ⁇ 7/7-butyl-3-hydroxycyclobutane-l -carboxyl ate (12.0 g, 69.77 mmol), benzoic acid (17.5 g, 143.7 mmol), and triphenylphosphine (35.6 g, 136.0 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (100 mL) was added DEAD (25.0 g, 143.7 mmol) dropwise at room temperature.
  • Step 4 Synthesis of /ra//.s-tert-butyl (lr,3r)-3-hydroxycyclobutane-l-carboxylate
  • Step 5 Synthesis of trans-tert- butyl-3 -(prop-2-yn-l-yloxy)cyclobutane- 1-carboxylate
  • Step 6 Synthesis of /ra//.s-tert-butyl-3-((3-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)- l -oxoisoindolin-4- yl)prop-2-yn-l-yl)oxy)cy cl obutane- 1-carboxylate (HCB23i)
  • Step 8 Synthesis of /ra//.s-3-(3-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l -oxoisoindolin-4- yl)propoxy)cyclobutane-l -carboxylic acid (HCB23)
  • Example 28 3-(4-(5-hydroxypentyl)-l-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione (HCB24) Step 1: A suspension of 3-(4-bromo-l-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione (50 mg, 0.15 mmol), Cul (3.0 mg, 0.02 mmol), PdCh(PPh3)2 (6.5 mg, 0.01 mmol), 4-pentyn-l-ol (20 mg, 0.23 mmol), and Et3N (290 pL, 1.9 mmol) in DMF (0.75 mL) was flushed with N2, and stirred at 90 °C for 16 h.
  • Step2 A solution of 3-(4-(5-hydroxypent-l-yn-l-yl)-l-oxoisoindolin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6- dione (110 mg, 0.34 mmol) in /-PrOH (5 mL) and DCM (2 mL) was stirred under Eh in the presence of Pd/C (10 wt.%, 11 mg) for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite, and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product (100 mg, 89%).
  • LCMS: C18H22N2O4 requires: 330, found: m/z 331 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 and Step 2 Used a similar procedure as Example 28, HBC24 Step 3: A solution of benzyl 5-[2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)- 1 -oxo-3//-isoindol-4-yl]pent- 4-ynoate (81 mg, 0.19 mmol) in EtOAc (5 mL) and DCM (3 mL) was stirred under Fh in the presence of Pd/C (10 wt.%, 8 mg) for 16 h. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product (60 mg, 93%).
  • Step 1 3- ⁇ 5-[4-(l,3-dioxolan-2-yl)piperidin-l-yl]-l-oxo-2,3-dihydro-lif-isoindol-2- yl ⁇ piperidine-2,6-dione (HCB27c)
  • Step 2 l-(2-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-l-oxoisoindolin-5-yl)piperidine-4-carbaldehyde (HCB27)
  • Step 1 methyl 5- ⁇ 4-[(benzyloxy)methyl]piperidin-l-yl ⁇ pyridine-2-carboxylate
  • Step 3 5- ⁇ 4-[(benzyloxy)methyl]piperidin-l-yl ⁇ -/V-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)pyridine-2- carboxamide (HCB28e)
  • Step 4 L-(2, 6-dioxopi peri din-3-yl)-5-[4-(hydroxym ethyl )pi peri din-1 -yl]pyridine-2- carboxamide (HCB28f)
  • Step 5 N-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)-5-(4-formylpiperidin-l-yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide (HCB28)
  • reaction mixture was warmed to rt and stirred for 30 min before sat. aq. NaHC0 3 (5 mL) was added. After one minute the suspension was diluted with CH2CI2 (10 mL) and the aqueous phase was extracted with CH2CI2 (3 x 10 mL). The combined organics were washed with H2O (5 mL x2), brine (5 mL xl), dried over Na 2 S0 4 , filtered, and concentrated.
  • Step 1 Methyl 5-bromopyridine-2-carboxylate (339 mg, 1.6 mmol), 4- (benzyloxy)piperidine (300 mg, 1.6 mmol), Xantphos (91 mg, 0.16 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (144 mg, 0.16 mmol), and CS2CO3 (1.5 g, 4.7 mmol) were deposited in dioxane (3 mL). A vacuum was pulled on the flask until the mixture bubbled, and the headspace was backfilled with Ar for three cycles. The reaction mixture was heated at 100 °C for 30 min and then filtered through Celite. The solid was washed with EtOActhen the filtrate was concentrated in vacuo.
  • Step 3 To a solution of 5-[4-(benzyloxy)piperidin-l-yl]-/V-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3- yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide (139 mg, 0.44 mmol), 3-aminopiperidine-2,6-dione hydrochloride (73 mg, 0.44 mmol), and HATU (254 mg, 0.67 mmol) in DMF (1.0 mL) was added z-P ⁇ NEt (388 pL, 2.2 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 2 h, the reaction was quenched with H2O, and the reaction mixture was extracted with EtOAc.
  • Step 4 A solution of 5-[4-(benzyloxy)piperidin-l-yl]-/V-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3- yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide (206 mg, 0.49 mmol) in EtOH (5 mL) and DCM (5 mL) was stirred under Eh (1 atm) in the presence of Pd/C (103 mg) and Pd(OH)2 (103 mg) at rt for three days. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product (81 mg, 0.24 mmol, 50%).
  • LCMS: C16H20N4O4 requires: 332, found: m/z 333 [M+H] + .
  • Step 6 A solution of A f -(2,6-dioxopi peri din-3-yl)-5-(4-oxopi peri din-1 -yl)pyridine-2- carboxamide (23 mg, 0.07 mmol) and / ⁇ 3/7-butyl azetidine-3-carboxylate (11 mg, 0.07 mmol) in THF (0.20 mL) was allowed to stir at rt for 10 min. NaBH(OAc) 3 (22 mg, 0.1 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at rt for 16 h.
  • Step 7 Using the general /-Bu deprotection procedure and treating /er/-butyl l-(l- ⁇ 6- [(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)carbamoyl]pyridin-3-yl ⁇ piperidin-4-yl)azetidine-3-carboxylate (10 mg, 0.02 mmol) with 2 N HC1 in dioxane provided the desired product which was used without further purification.
  • LCMS: C20H25N5O5 requires: 414, found: m/z 415 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 Methyl 5-bromopyridine-2-carboxylate (583 mg, 2.7 mmol), tert- butyl piperidine- 4-carboxylate (500 mg, 2.7 mmol), Xantphos (156 mg, 0.27 mmol), Pd2(dba)3 (247 mg, 0.27 mmol), and CS2CO3 (2.6 g, 8.1 mmol) were deposited in dioxane (5.4 mL). A vacuum was pulled on the flask until the mixture bubbled, and the headspace was backfilled with Ar for three cycles. The reaction mixture was heated at 100 °C for 30 min and then filtered through Celite. The solid was washed with EtOAc. The volatiles were concentrated under reduce pressure.
  • Step 2 To a solution of methyl 5-(4-(/ez7-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-l-yl)picolinic acid (379 mg, 1.18 mmol) in MeOH (3 mL), THF (3 mL), and water (0.8 mL) was added NaOH (189 mg, 4.7 mmol). After stirring for one hour, the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure, and the reaction mixture was acidified with 1 N aqueous HC1, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layer was dried over Na 2 S0 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product (198 mg, 0.65 mmol, 55%).
  • LCMS: C16H22N2O4 requires: 306, found: m/z 307 [M+H] + .
  • Step 3 To a solution of 5-(4-(fez7-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-l-yl)picolinic acid (198 mg, 0.65 mmol), 3-aminopiperidine-2,6-dione hydrochloride (106 mg, 0.65 mmol), and HATU (369 mg, 0.97 mmol) in DMF (1.6 mL) was added z-P ⁇ NEt (563 pL, 3.2 mmol). After stirring at room temperature for 16 h, the reaction was quenched with H2O, and extracted with EtOAc. The combined organic layer was washed with saturated aqueous NaCl, dried over Na 2 S0 4 , and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 To a solution of /ez7-butyl l-(piperidin-4-yl) azetidine-3-carboxylate (43 mg, 0.18 mmol) and 2-chloro-5-nitropyridine (45 mg, 0.12 mmol) in THF (360 pL) was added z-P ⁇ NEt (93 pL, 0.54 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h, and concentrated under reduced pressure. Silica gel flash chromatography with 0-100% EtOAc:hexanes gradient elution, provided the desired product (45 mg, 0.12 mmol, 69%).
  • LCMS: C18H26N4O4 requires: 362, found: m/z 363 [M+H] + .
  • Step 3 To a solution of te/7-butyl l-[l-(5-aminopyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl]azetidine-3- carboxylate (46 mg, 0.14 mmol) and 3-bromopiperidine-2,6-dione (35 mg, 0.18 mmol) in DMF (0.35 mL) was added z ' -P ⁇ NEt (96 pL, 0.55 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at rt for 16 h, quenched with EhO, extracted with EtOAc, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 1 A solution of /tvV-butyl azetidine-3-carboxylate (1.0 g, 6.4 mmol) and benzyl 4- oxopiperidine-l-carboxylate (1.5 g, 6.4 mmol) in THF (12.7 mL) was stirred at rt for 10 min. NaBH(OAc)3 (2.0 g, 9.5 mmol) was added, and the reaction mixture was allowed to stir at rt for 16 h. The reaction was quenched with 28-30% aqueous NH4OH, extracted with EtOAc, washed with saturated aqueous NaCl, dried over NaiSCE, and concentrated under reduced pressure.
  • Step 2 A solution of benzyl 4-[3-(/er/-butoxycarbonyl) azeti din- l-yl]piperi dine- 1- carboxylate (300 mg, 0.80 mmol) in MeOH (8 mL) was stirred under Eh (one atm) in the presence of Pd/C (30 mg) at room temperature for one hour. The reaction mixture was filtered through Celite and concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the desired product (177 mg, 0.74 mmol, 92%).
  • LCMS: C13H24N2O2 requires: 240, found: m/z 241 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 /er/-butyl 4-[4-(2,6-dioxopiperi din-3 -yl)phenyl]- 1 ,2,3 ,6-tetrahydropyri dine- 1 - carboxylate (HCB33c)
  • Step 5 /er/-butyl 4-[(4- ⁇ 4-[(3i?)-2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl]phenyl ⁇ piperidin-l- yl)methyl]piperidine-l-carboxylate as a colorless oil (35 mg, 0.16 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (1 mL) and 4N HC1 in dioxane (2 mL) was added, The reaction was stirred for one hour. All the solvents were removed under reduced pressure to afford 3- ⁇ 4-[l-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)piperidin- 4-yl]phenyl ⁇ piperidine-2,6-dione hydrogen chloride salt(quantitative yield).
  • Step-1 To a solution of 3-(4-bromophenyl)piperidine-2,6-dione (50.00 mg, 0.19 mmol) and ter/-butyl 4-(but-3-yn-l-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (89 mg, 0.37 mmol) in THF (2 mL) was added palladium bis(triphenylphosphine) chloride di chi orom ethane (13.09 mg, 0.02 mmol), copper(I) iodide (7.10 mg, 0.04 mmol) , and triethylamine (0.36 mL, 0.26 g, 2.61 mmol). Then, nitrogen gas was bubbled through the mixture for five minutes.
  • palladium bis(triphenylphosphine) chloride di chi orom ethane 13.09 mg, 0.02 mmol
  • copper(I) iodide 7.10 mg, 0.04 mmol
  • reaction mixture was heated at 60 °C for one hour. Additional equivalent of tert- butyl 4-(but-3-yn-l-yl)piperazine-l- carboxylate (45 mg, 0.19 mmol) was added, and the reaction was heated at 60 °C for 16 hours.
  • the reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (25 mL) and washed sequentially with water (3 mL), 10% citric acid in water (3 mL), and saturated brine (3 mL). The organic layer was dried with Na 2 SC> 4 , filtered, and evaporated under reduced pressure to afford crude product.
  • Step-2 /ert-butyl 4- ⁇ 4-[4-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)phenyl]but-3-yn-l-yl ⁇ piperazine-l- carboxylate (36 mg, 0.08 mmol) was dissolved in 5% trifluoroacetic acid in hexafluoro isopropanol solution (5 mL), and left to stand for 30 minutes. Trifluoroacetic acid and hexafluoroisopropanol were removed. The residue was placed under vacuum to dryness to provide 3- ⁇ 4-[4-(piperazin-l-yl)but-l-yn-l-yl]phenyl ⁇ piperidine-2,6-dione (quantitative yield).
  • LCMS: C19H23N3O2 requires: 325.2, found: m/z 326.5 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 To a solution of l-(4-bromophenyl)piperazine (75.00 mg, 0.31 mmol) and tert- butyl 4-formylpiperidine-l-carboxylate (66.34 mg, 0.31 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added N,N- diisopropylethylamine (0.16 mL, 120.60 mg, 0.93 mmol), and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (396 mg, 1.86 mmol) as powder. The reaction was stirred for 30 minswhen LCMS indicated completion of reaction. The crude product was dissolved in DCM (15 mL), washed with water, dried, and concentrated.
  • Step 2 To a solution of /c/V-butyl 4- ⁇ [4-(4-bromophenyl)piperazin-l- yljmethyl (piperidine- 1-carboxylate (111 mg, 0.25 mmol) and /c/V-butyl 4- ⁇ [4-(4- bromophenyl)piperazin-l-yl]methyl ⁇ piperidine-l-carboxylate (85 mg, 0.25 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL) and water (0.5 mL)was added CS2CO3 (247 mg, 0.76 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cb DCM (41 mg, 0.05 mmol).
  • Step _ 4 /er/-butyl 4-( ⁇ 4-[4-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)phenyl]piperazin-l- yl ⁇ methyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (18 mg, 0.04 mmol) was dissolved in 4 N HC1 in dioxane (2 mL). After lhr, the volatiles were removed and the residue was placed under vacuum to dryness to afford 3- ⁇ 4-[4-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-l-yl]phenyl ⁇ piperidine-2,6-dione (quantitative yield).
  • Step 1 To a solution of [l-(4-bromophenyl)piperidin-4-yl]methanol (240.00 mg, 0.89 mmol) inDMSO (1.5 mL) was added triethylamine (2.50 mL, 1.80 g, 17.77 mmol) and then sulfur trioxide pyridine complex (1.41 g, 8.88 mmol). The reaction was stirred at rt for 30 minswhen TLC showed no starting material left. The product was dissolved in EtOAc (50 mL) and the organic layer was washed water (2 mL x 2). The organic layer was dried and concentrated. The crude material was used in the next step without purification.
  • Step 2 To a solution of l-(4-bromophenyl)piperidine-4-carbaldehyde (230.00 mg, 0.86 mmol) and /er/-butyl piperazine- 1-carboxylate (0.16 g, 0.86 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.55 g, 0.257 mmol), and the reaction was stirred for 0.5 hr. The reaction mixture was quenched with 5% sodium bicarbonate solutionand extracted with CH2CI2. The organic layer was dried and concentrated under reduced pressure. Silica gel column purification eluting with 0-80% EtOAc in hexane provided the desired product (221 mg, 0.5mmol, 59%).
  • Step 4 / ⁇ 3/7 -butyl 4-((l-(4-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)phenyl)piperidin-4- yl)methyl)piperazine-l-carboxylate.
  • the compound was prepared following the same reaction procedure as in Step 2 of Example 38.
  • LCMS: C26H38N4O4 requires: 470.3, found: m/z 471.6 [M+H] + .
  • Step 5 3 -(4-(4-(piperazin- 1 -ylmethyl)piperidin- 1 -yl)phenyl)piperidine-2,6-dione.
  • the compound was prepared following the same reaction procedure as in Step 2 of Example 38.
  • LCMS: C21H30N4O2 requires: 370.2, found: m/z 371.3 [M+H] + .
  • Step 1 A solution of /er/-butyl 4-(6-bromopyridin-3-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate (250.00 mg, 0.73 mmol), 2,6-bis(benzyloxy)pyridin-3-ylboronic acid (244.84 mg, 0.73 mmol), cesium carbonate (714.02 mg, 2.19 mmol), and Pd(dppf)Ch DCM in dioxane (4 mL) and water (1 mL) was heated at 100 °C for two hours. The reaction mixture was cooled, dissolved in EtOAc (30 mL), and washed with brine. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate and concentrated.
  • Step 2 tert- butyl 4-[2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-[2,3'-bipyridin]-5-yl]piperazine-l-carboxylate (80.00 mg, 0.14 mmol) was dissolved in 4 N HC1 in dioxane (4 mL) and the reaction was left to stand for one hour. The volatiles were removed and the crude material was placed under vacuum until dryness to provide 2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-5-(piperazin-l-yl)-2,3'-bipyridine HC1 salt (68 mg, quantitative yield).
  • Step 3 To a solution of 2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-5-(piperazin-l-yl)-2,3'-bipyridine (60.00 mg, 0.13 mmol) and tert- butyl 4-formylpiperidine-l-carboxylate (28.28 mg, 0.13 mmol) in DCM (1 mL) and DMSO (0.3 mL) as added /V,/V-diisopropylethylamine (23.16 pL, 0.02 g, 0.13 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (84.30 mg, 0.40 mmol). The reaction was stirred for 30 minutes when LCMS showed no starting material remained.
  • Step 4 A suspension of fe/7-butyl 4-( ⁇ 4-[2'-(benzyloxy)-6'-oxo-57T-[2,3'-bipyridin]-5- yl]piperazin-l-yl ⁇ methyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (32 mg, 0.06 mmol) and 10% Pd/C (10 mg) in ethanol (5 mL) was vigorously stirred under a Eh atmosphere (balloon) for sixteen hours. The solids were filtered, washed with DCM, and the volatiles were removed.
  • Step 5 /tvV-butyl 4-((4-(6-(2, 6-dioxopiperi din-3 -yl)pyri din-3 -yl)piperazin-l- yl)methyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (28 mg, 0.06 mmol) was dissolved in 4 N HC1 in dioxane (4 mL) and the reaction was left to stand for one hour. The volatiles were removed and the material was placed under vacuum until dryness to provide 3-(5-(4-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-l- yl)pyridin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione (quantitative yield).
  • Step 1 To a solution of [l-(pyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl]methanol (300.00 mg, 1.56 mmol) in DMSO (2 mL) was added triethylamine (4.39 mL, 3.16 g, 31.21 mmol), and then sulfur trioxide pyridine complex (2.48 g, 15.60 mmol, powder) was added slowly. The reaction was stirred at rt for 30 minuteswhen TLC showed no starting material remained. The product was dissolved in EtOAc (50 mL) and the organic solution was washed with water (3 mL x 2).
  • Step 2 To a solution of l-(pyri din-3 -yl)piperidine-4-carbaldehyde (280.00 mg, 1.47 mmol) and /er/-butyl piperazine- 1-carboxylate (0.27 g, 1.47 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.94 g, 4.42 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 30 minutes. The reaction was quenched with sodium bicarbonate solution (2 mL), and the mixture was extracted DCM (50 mL). The organic layer was dried over NaiSCL, filtered, and concentrated.
  • Step 3 To a solution of /ert-butyl 4- ⁇ [l-(pyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4-yl]methyl ⁇ piperazine- 1-carboxylate (403.00 mg, 1.12 mmol) in MeCN (10 mL) was slowly added NBS (238 mg, 1.34 mmol) in MeCN (1 mL) and the reaction was stirred at rt for one hour. The reaction was monitored by LCMS which showed no starting material remained. The volatiles were removed and the crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography eluting with EtOAc:DCM (0-100%) to afford desired product (242 mg, 0.55 mmol, 49%).
  • Step 4 A solution of /tvV-butyl 4- ⁇ [l-(6-bromopyridin-3-yl)piperidin-4- yl]methyl ⁇ piperazine-l-carboxylate (242.00 mg, 0.55 mmol) and 2,6-bis(benzyloxy)pyridin-3- ylboronic acid (184 mg, 0.55 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) and water (1.25 mL) was added cesium carbonate (714.02 mg, 2.19 mmol) and Pd(dppf)Cb DCM. Nitrogen was bubbled through the reaction for five minutes and then the reaction was heated at 100 °C for two hours.
  • Step 5 A suspension of /tvV-butyl 4-( ⁇ l-[2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-[2,3'-bipyridin]-5- yl]piperidin-4-yl (methyl )piperazine-l-carboxylate (238 mg, 0.37 mmol) and Pd on carbon (90 mg) in ethanol (8 mL) and THF (4 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas overnight. The solids were filtered and the volatiles were removed. Silica gel column purification eluting with MeOH:DCM (0-8%), provided the desired product (46 mg, 0.1 mmol, 27%).
  • Step 1 The HBC38 Step 4 procedure was adapted to provide /tvv-butyl 4-(2',6'- bis(benzyloxy)-[2,3'-bipyridin]-6-yl)piperazine-l-carboxylate.
  • LCMS: C33H36N4O4 requires: 552.3, found: m/z 553.5 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 The HBC38 Step 6 procedure was adapted to provide 2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-6- (piperazin-l-yl)-2,3'-bipyridine.
  • LCMS: C28H28N4O2 requires: 452.2, found: m/z 453.5 [M+H] + .
  • Step 3 2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-6-(piperazin-l-yl)-2,3'-bipyridine (96.00 mg, 0.21 mmol) and tert-butyl 4-formylpiperidine-l-carboxylate (45.24 mg, 0.21 mmol) were dissolved in 4 ml DCM, sodium triacetoxyborohydride (179.8 mg, 0.85 mmol) was added, stirred for 30 mins. The crude was dissolved in DCM (30 mL), washed with water, dried over INfeSCL, and concentrated.
  • Step 4 A suspension of te/7-butyl 4-((4-(2'-(benzyloxy)-6'-oxo-5',6'-dihydro-[2,3'- bipyridin]-6-yl)piperazin-l-yl)methyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (76 mg, 0.14 mmol,) and Pd on carbon (22 mg) in ethanol (3 mL) and THF (3 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas overnight. The solids were filtered and the volatiles were removed. Silica gel column purification eluting with EtOAc, provided the desired product (34 mg, 0.07 mmol, 53%).
  • Step 5 /cvV-butyl 4-((4-(2'-(benzyloxy)-6'-oxo-5',6'-dihydro-[2,3'-bipyridin]-6- yl)piperazin-l-yl)methyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (34 mg, 0.07mmol) in DCM (1 mL). 4 N HC1 in dioxane (2 mL) was added and the reaction was left to stand for one hour. After the volatiles were removed the desired product was obtained (quantitative yield). 3-(6-(4-(piperidin-4- ylmethyl)piperazin-l-yl)pyridin-2-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione.
  • Step 1 To a solution of tert-butyl 4-formylpiperidine-l-carboxylate (154.15 mg, 0.72 mmol) and l-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)piperazine (175.00 mg, 0.72 mmol) in DCM (5 ml), was added trientylamine (73 mg, 0.72 mmol) and sodium triacetoxyborohydride (0.46 g, 2.17 mmol), stirred for 30 minutes. The reaction was quenched with sodium bicarbonate solution (2 mL), and the mixture was extracted DCM (50 mL). The organic layer was dried over Na 2 SC> 4 , filtered, and concentrated.
  • Step 2 To a solution of /tvV-butyl 4- ⁇ [4-(5-bromopyridin-3-yl)piperazin-l- yljmethyl (piperidine- 1 -carboxylate (172.0 mg, 0.39 mmol), 2,6-bis(benzyloxy)pyridin-3- ylboronic acid (131.2 mg, 0.39 mmol) and Pd(dppf)C12-DCM (63.93 mg, 0.08 mmol) in dioxane (3.00 mL) and water (0.75 mL), was added caesium carbonate (382.62 mg, 1.17 mmol), the solution was bubbled in nitrogen gas and heated at 100 °C for 2 hours.
  • caesium carbonate 382.62 mg, 1.17 mmol
  • Step 3 A suspension of /tvV-butyl 4-((4-(2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-[3,3'-bipyridin]-5- yl)piperazin-l-yl)methyl)piperidine-l-carboxylate (130 mg, 0.20 mmol,) and Pd on carbon (40 mg) in ethanol (3 mL) and THF (3 mL) was stirred under hydrogen gas overnight. The solids were filtered and the volatiles were removed. Silica gel column purification eluting with MeOH in DCM (0-8%), provided the desired product (10 mg, 0.02 mmol, 10.6%).
  • Step 4 /tvV-butyl 4-((4-(5-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)pyridin-3-yl)piperazin-l- yl)methyl)piperidine-l -carboxylate (10 mg, 0.02 mmol) was dissolved in 1 ml 4NHC1 in dioxane, and the reaction was left to stand for 30 minutes. After the volatiles were removed the desired product was obtained (quantitative yield). 3-(5-(4-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)piperazin-l-yl)pyridin- 3-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione carboxylate.
  • Step 1 and 2 [l-(5-bromopyri din-2 -yl)piperidin-4-yl]methanol (150 mg, 0.55 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (4 mL) and DMSO (1 mL), and then triethylamine (0.77 mL, 5.53 mmol) and sulfur trioxide pyridine complex (440 mg, 2.77 mmol) was added. The reaction was stirred for 30 min when TLC indicated no more starting material remained. The reaction mixture was diluted with DCM (40 mL), and the organic solution was washed with water (2 mL x 2).
  • Step 3 2,6-bis(benzyloxy)pyridin-3-ylboronic acid (52.34 mg, 0.16 mmol), tert-butyl 4- ( ⁇ [l-(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)piperidin-4-yl]methyl ⁇ (methyl)amino)piperidine-l-carboxylate (73.00 mg, 0.16 mmol) and caesium carbonate (152.65 mg, 0.47 mmol), Pd(dppf)C12-DCM (25.51 mg, 0.03 mmol) were dissolved in 2 ml dioxane and 0.5 ml water, bubbled nitrogen gas for 3 mintues.
  • Step 4 The suspension of tert-butyl 4-[( ⁇ l-[2',6'-bis(benzyloxy)-[3,3 , -bipyridin]-6- yl]piperidin-4-yl ⁇ methyl)(methyl)amino]piperidine-l-carboxylate (68.00 mg, 0.10 mmol) and 20 mg palldium on carbon (wet) in 5 ml ethanol was stirred ubder hydrogen gas overnight. The solids were filtered and the volatiles were removed. Silica gel column purification eluting with MeOH:DCM with 2% TEA) (0-10%), provided the desired product (28 mg, 0.06 mmol, 56%).
  • Step _ 5 ⁇ 4-[( ⁇ l-[5-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl]piperidin-4- yl ⁇ methyl)(methyl)amino]piperidine-l-carboxylate ( 28 mg, 0.06 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (1 mL). 4 N HC1 in dioxane (1 mL) was added and the reaction was left to stand for one hour. After the volatiles were removed the desired product was obtained (quantitative yield). 3-(6-(4- ((methyl(piperidin-4-yl)amino)methyl)piperidin-l-yl)pyridin-3-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione.
  • LCMS: C22H33N5O4 requires: 399.3, found: m/z 400.5 [M+H] + .
  • Step 2 /er/-butyl 2-[5-(2,6-dioxopiperidin-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-2,6-diazaspiro[3.4]octane- 6-carboxylate (54 mg, 0.13 mmol) was dissolved in DCM (0.6 mL) and then TFA (387 pL, 0.61 g, 5.39 mmol)was added. After 20 min the volatiles were removed under reduced pressure.
  • LCMS: C16H20N4O2 requires: 300.2, found: m/z 301.6 [M+H] + .
  • Step 3 A mixture of 3-(6-(2,6-diazaspiro[3.4]octan-2-yl)pyridin-3-yl)piperidine-2,6- dione (45 mg, 0.14 mmol), DCM (1.15 mL), and /er/-butyl 4-formylpiperidine-l-carboxylate (33.6 mg, 0.16 mmol) was treated with NaBH(OAc) 3 (45 mg, 0.21 mmol). After one hour, the reaction was diluted with DCM (5 mL) and saturated aqueous NaFlCCb (10 mL), and the organic phase was concentrated under reduced pressure to give the desired product (69 mg, 99%) which was used in next step without further manipulation.
  • LCMS: C27H39N5O4 requires: 497.3, found: m/z 498.5 [M+H] + .
  • Step 4 A mixture of 3-(6-(6-(piperidin-4-ylmethyl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.4]octan-2- yl)pyridin-3-yl)piperidine-2,6-dione (69 mg, 0.14 mmol) in DCM (0.47 mL) was treated with TFA (470 pL, 6.14 mmol) and the reaction was stirred for 20 min. The volatiles were removed under reduced pressure and the crude material was placed under vacuum to give the desired product (0.125 g, 0.157 mmol), which was used in the next step without further purification.
  • LCMS: C22H31N5O2 requires: 397.3, found: m/z 398.6 [M+H] + .
  • Step 3 Synthesis of 3-(6-(4-(hydroxymethyl)piperidin-l-yl)pyridin-3-yl)piperidine-2,6- dione (HCB43)
  • Step 2 ⁇ l-[2,6-bis(benzyloxy)-[3,4'-bipyridin]-2'-yl]piperidin-4-yl ⁇ methanol (HCB44c)

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Abstract

L'invention concerne des composés destinés à inhiber et/ou dégrader la kinase des lymphocytes T inductibles par l'IL-2 (ITK), des compositions comprenant ces composés, des procédés de fabrication de ceux-ci, et des procédés d'utilisation de ceux-ci pour le traitement de maladies ou d'affections comprenant le cancer, les maladies inflammatoires et auto-immunes.
EP22725068.5A 2021-05-03 2022-05-03 Composés destinés à inhiber ou dégrader l'itk, compositions les comprenant, leurs procédés de fabrication et leurs procédés d'utilisation Pending EP4334303A1 (fr)

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