EP4328109A1 - Method and device for ventilating a rail vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device (300) and a method for ventilating a rail vehicle (100), comprising a first channel (305) for guiding air and at least one further channel (306) for guiding air, the first and the further channel (305, 306) are arranged at a distance from one another to form a gap (307) and each have at least one opening (310), each channel (305, 306) being fluidly connected to a calming volume (315) via the at least one opening (310). is, wherein the device (300) comprises at least one ceiling outlet element (320) for discharging air from the calming volume (315) into an interior (105) of the rail vehicle (100) and the sprinkling volume (315) between the channels (305, 306) and the at least one ceiling outlet element (320) is arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a device and a method for ventilating a rail vehicle.

Rail vehicles are used to transport goods and passengers over a rail infrastructure. Passengers are placing ever higher demands on travel comfort, particularly while traveling in a rail vehicle. Travel comfort is particularly influenced by the way the rail vehicle is ventilated. Rail vehicles that are intended, for example, for use in a high-speed area are typically air-conditioned by air conditioning devices, with the air conditioned in this way being distributed throughout the rail vehicle.

In addition, passengers are placing ever higher demands on rail vehicle equipment, particularly electrical equipment. For example, it is desired by passengers that modern rail vehicles in particular provide a power supply through sockets for a large number of passengers and/or that, preferably wireless, Internet is available in the rail vehicle.

The components, in particular electronic components, required to meet these requirements, as well as the components required to distribute the conditioned air, must be arranged in a limited installation space in the rail vehicle.

From the DE 10 2018 213 629 A1 a rail vehicle car with a car body and a ceiling frame arranged within the car body is known, the ceiling frame having two longitudinal struts running in the longitudinal direction of the rail vehicle car. The rail vehicle car further comprises a climate distribution system with two or more air conditioning ducts, with each air conditioning duct opening into an interior of the rail vehicle car via a ceiling interior lining element connected to the respective air conditioning duct.

What is known from the prior art has the disadvantage that the installation space available in a rail vehicle is not used efficiently, and air for ventilating a rail vehicle is not evenly admitted into an interior, in particular not through an outlet. Next is due to the inefficient Utilization of installation space, installation and maintenance of the solutions known from the prior art for ventilating a rail vehicle is time-consuming and cost-intensive.

The technical problem is to create a device and a method for ventilating a rail vehicle, which enable uniform and pleasant ventilation of a rail vehicle for a passenger, while taking up as little space as possible in the rail vehicle or efficiently using the available space in a rail vehicle is being used.

The solution to the technical problem results from the objects with the features of the independent claims. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims.

A basic idea of the invention is to sprinkle air on a rail vehicle, in particular an interior, in such a way that the interior of the rail vehicle is evenly ventilated. Furthermore, the device for ventilation can be designed in such a way that preferably further components for operating the rail vehicle can be arranged in an installation space of the rail vehicle that is available for the ventilation device.

A device for ventilating a rail vehicle is therefore proposed.

A rail vehicle refers to a vehicle used for locomotion on rails. The device can also be suitable for ventilation of other vehicles, such as buses. The rail vehicle can be used in particular to transport people and can also be designed in particular as a high-speed rail vehicle.

A vehicle coordinate system (reference coordinate system) can include a longitudinal, transverse and vertical axis. The longitudinal axis can be a roll axis of the vehicle. The transverse axis can be a pitch axis of the vehicle. The vertical axis can be a yaw axis of the vehicle. Alternatively or cumulatively, the vertical axis can be oriented parallel and opposite to the direction of the gravitational force. Directional information such as "above", "above", "below", "under" and comparable information refer to the vertical axis, which is oriented from bottom to top. A cross section of the Rail vehicle, the device or parts of the device can lie in a plane spanned by the transverse axis and vertical axis or in a plane that is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The origin can be located centrally in the vehicle on the longitudinal axis and along the transverse axis.

The rail vehicle can in particular comprise a car body with a vehicle floor, side walls and a vehicle roof, the vehicle floor being arranged under the vehicle roof. The floor and the roof can be connected to one another via the side walls, whereby the side walls can have doors and windows or openings for doors and windows. Floor elements can also be attached to a vehicle floor of the car body, the surfaces of which then form the floor area of an interior for accommodating passengers or (freight) goods of the car. Side paneling elements or cladding elements can also be attached to the side walls of the car body, the inner surfaces of which then form a side wall of the interior.

An interior of the car body is used in particular to arrange components that are required to operate the rail vehicle. For example, to operate the rail vehicle, electrical components may be required, which in particular supply the interior with power. Furthermore, a first portion of the interior can form a passenger compartment of the rail vehicle and one or more further portions can form an installation space for arranging the components, which can also be referred to as a component space.

Passengers can stay in the passenger compartment, the passenger compartment being ventilated with, in particular air-conditioned, air in order to create a pleasant atmosphere for the passengers. Pleasant or a pleasant atmosphere can mean that, in particular, an actual value of tempered air is set to a predetermined setpoint of tempered air, for example to 23 ° C. For this purpose, a rail vehicle can include an air conditioning unit.

An installation space or available installation space volume in the interior of the rail vehicle or the car body for arranging the components required for the operation of the rail vehicle can be limited.

In particular, it is desired to maximize the volume of the passenger compartment as much as possible for a given volume of the interior.

The passenger compartment may be bounded by the floor and walls of the car body and may extend up to a predetermined height along the vertical axis from the floor. The height is preferably chosen so that the passengers can stay and move in the passenger compartment in an ergonomically advantageous manner. A further portion of the interior volume can then be present between the passenger compartment and the roof of the car body, which can be referred to as the roof or ceiling area. The roof area can form at least part of the available component installation space.

In particular, the device for ventilation of the rail vehicle can be arranged in the roof area of the car body.

The device for ventilating a rail vehicle comprises a first channel for guiding air and at least one further channel for guiding air, in particular air-conditioned air, that is to say with air tempered to a setpoint and/or with humidity set to a setpoint. In particular, the air conditioned by an air conditioning device can be guided through a channel, wherein the first and/or the further channel can be fluidly connected to an air conditioning device. The first and further channels can be made of an aluminum alloy. But other materials such as polyethylene are also conceivable. The channel can include at least one channel wall that surrounds an internal volume for air guidance. Of course, the channel can also include several channel walls, e.g. two side walls, a floor and a ceiling, which surround the internal volume.

A channel for guiding air, in particular a longitudinal axis of the channel, can in particular be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle. It is possible that the main flow axis of the air in the channel can also be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis. The air can flow in the channel from an inlet to an outlet opening, with a main flow direction from the inlet to the outlet opening. The inlet opening is preferably arranged on an end face of a channel and can be designed as an opening over part or the entire cross-sectional area of the channel. An exit opening can in particular an opening for connection to the calming volume explained in more detail below. In addition to such an outlet opening, however, a further outlet opening can be arranged on an end face of the channel opposite the inlet opening.

Preferably, an air conditioning device or a connecting channel or a plurality of connecting channels for the fluid connection of the channel to an air conditioning device adjoin the inlet and/or (further) outlet opening. It is also conceivable that a further outlet opening of a channel is fluidly connected to an inlet opening of a further channel via a connecting channel.

The channel can have a polygonal or round cross section or a cross section that is rounded at the corners. In particular, the cross-sectional area of a channel can be dimensioned such that a sufficient amount of air can be conveyed to ventilate the rail vehicle. It is also conceivable that a cross-sectional area varies along the main flow axis. Preferably, the first and the further channels have the same cross-section or the same cross-sectional area.

A length of the channel is preferably measured along the main flow axis or the longitudinal axis of the channel. The length is chosen so that a sufficient amount of air to ventilate the rail vehicle can be guided along the entire length. In particular, the length is selected depending on the length of the rail vehicle or the passenger compartment to be ventilated. A channel can in particular have a predetermined length, for example 4.5 m. Preferably the first and the further channels have the same length.

Furthermore, the first and the further channels are arranged spaced apart from one another to form a gap. A distance between the first and the further channel can be measured, for example, along the transverse axis of the rail vehicle. Preferably the distance is constant along the length of the first and further channels. In other words, the first and the further channels are preferably arranged in parallel or run parallel. Furthermore, longitudinal axes of the first and further channels can be arranged in a plane that is oriented perpendicular to the vertical axis. The distance can be defined as the minimum distance between the outer sides of the channel walls in a cross-sectional plane that is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

A dimensioning of the channels and the distance between the first and the further channel are selected such that a gap is formed between the first and the further channel. Preferably the gap is part of the roof area. The gap can be used in an advantageous manner to arrange components, in particular electrical or electronic components, as will be explained in more detail below.

Preferably, the arrangement of the first and further channels is such that an axis of symmetry of a cross section of the intermediate space and an axis of symmetry of a cross section of the rail vehicle, in particular of the roof area, coincide, with the cross-sectional plane being oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Preferably, the axes of symmetry described lie in a plane that is spanned by the longitudinal and vertical axes of the rail vehicle. In other words, the gap is preferably arranged centrally in the cross section of the rail vehicle or roof area.

The device can comprise a support frame for arranging or fastening the channels (and thus for holding them), the support frame comprising at least one longitudinal support element, which extends in particular along the longitudinal axis, and at least one cross support element, which extends in particular along the transverse axis can. The at least one longitudinal support element can be mechanically connected to the at least one cross support element. Furthermore, several longitudinal support elements can be attached to a cross support element at a distance from one another along the latter.

The longitudinal or cross support elements, or other elements of the support frame, can be connected to one another via welding and/or screwing means or can be designed in such a way that they can be inserted into one another in a form-fitting manner. But an adhesive connection or another form of mechanical connection is also conceivable. A longitudinal and/or cross member element can be designed, for example, as a profile beam, with a profile beam having several interfaces for connection to further elements of the support frame and/or interface for connection with has further components. It is also conceivable that elements, such as a longitudinal support element, or the entire support frame are designed as an extruded profile. It is also conceivable that a further element designed as a cable duct, which can lead cables to connect further components, is attached to the support frame or that the support frame forms such a cable duct. Such a cable duct can in particular be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle. The support frame can also include flat elements, such as metal sheets. Such flat elements can in particular be arranged at least partially around the gap and be used to delimit the gap from the remaining interior volume. The support frame can be made of an aluminum alloy.

The first and the further channels can be attached to the support frame. The first and further channels are preferably glued or plugged into the support frame. In particular, by attaching the channels to the support frame, a distance necessary to form the gap can be ensured. Such a support frame can also be used to attach the device to the rail vehicle or car body. For example, longitudinal and/or cross member elements can be mechanically connected to a wall of the car body. In particular, a screw and/or plug connection is conceivable.

The first and the further channels have at least one opening. The at least one opening can be arranged on an underside, that is to say a downwardly oriented side of a channel, in particular in a channel floor. An opening can, for example, be polygonal or round or rounded at the corners; an opening is preferably rectangular. An opening can form an, in particular further, exit opening of the channel. A channel preferably has a plurality of openings which are arranged, preferably but not necessarily at equal intervals, along the longitudinal axis of the channel. An opening serves to remove at least part of the air carried in the duct from the duct. Such an opening can in particular also be an exit opening of a channel.

According to the invention, each channel is fluidly connected to a common calming volume via the at least one opening. The device further comprises at least one ceiling outlet element for discharging air from the Calming volume in an interior, in particular the passenger compartment, of the rail spacecraft. Here, the irrigation volume is arranged between the channels and the at least one ceiling outlet element.

The calming volume is a volume for absorbing and conducting air. In particular, flow properties such as a pressure gradient or a flow velocity of the air taken in from a channel can be influenced via the calming volume. In particular, the air flowing in from a channel in the calming volume can be calmed fluidly in such a way that air trickles into the passenger compartment as it flows out of the ceiling outlet element, i.e. in particular a uniform flow of air into the passenger compartment that is not noticeable to a passenger. This is preferably achieved by a slow air exit from the ceiling outlet element over a large area. For this purpose, a value of the flow velocity of the air trickling into the passenger compartment can be in a range from 0.1 m/s to 3 m/s. A flow direction of the air trickling into the passenger compartment is oriented in particular against the vertical axis. In this way, a particularly pleasant atmosphere for the passengers can be achieved in the passenger compartment.

The calming volume is preferably arranged at least partially or completely below the gap and above the at least one ceiling outlet element, i.e. a height of the calming volume can be limited by the gap and the ceiling outlet element. Preferably, a length of the calming volume corresponds to the length or a part of the length of the passenger compartment and a width of the calming volume corresponds to the width or a part of the width of the passenger compartment. The calming volume has a contiguous cross-sectional area, in particular in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, i.e. the volume cross-section has a contiguous area in the cross-sectional plane described.

In particular, the calming volume can be arranged centrally under the intermediate space, for example when an axis of symmetry of a cross section of the intermediate space and the calming volume or roof area coincide. It is also conceivable that the calming volume encompasses the gap or forms part of the gap.

Fluid-technically connected here means that air can flow from the first and the further channel through the described openings of the channels into the calming volume. Here, air flows from the first and the other channels into the calming volume.

The at least one ceiling outlet element partially or completely limits the calming volume at least on one side, in particular on an underside. The ceiling outlet element therefore has a similar length and/or width as the side of the calming volume to be delimited. A similar length and/or width here refers to a length and/or width that does not deviate by more than a predetermined amount from a length and/or width of a delimiting side of the calming volume, for example not more than 10%. Preferably, the ceiling outlet element delimits a bottom side of the calming volume. The ceiling outlet element has outlet openings through which air can flow or trickle from the calming volume into the interior, in particular the passenger compartment. The outlet openings can be formed by perforation or perforation. In other words, the ceiling outlet element can be designed to be perforated.

Preferably, the at least one ceiling outlet element is arranged under the calming volume in such a way that air can trickle into the passenger compartment at least partially under the influence of the gravitational force and/or due to the air pressure set in the calming volume. Preferably, the calming volume and the ceiling outlet element arranged underneath are oriented centrally under the gap.

In summer, cold, air-conditioned air, which is heavier than heated air in the passenger compartment, can trickle from the calming volume under the influence of gravitational force through the ceiling outlet element into the passenger compartment and then sink further downwards. In winter, however, heated air can flow from the calming volume into the passenger compartment. Preferably, the air that trickles or flows into the passenger compartment is fresh air from an area surrounding the train.

In other words, at least a cross section of the calming volume and the ceiling outlet element can have a common axis of symmetry. Such a central sprinkling from the ceiling outlet element can be more advantageous In this way, uniform ventilation of the rail vehicle or the passenger compartment can be made possible from top to bottom.

The ceiling outlet element can also have a continuous cross-sectional area in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis, i.e. the cross-sectional area is not multi-part or disjoint in the cross-sectional plane described. However, the ceiling element can be made up of several parts along a longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle in order, for example, to be able to install and/or replace a ceiling outlet element in a simplified manner.

The at least one ceiling outlet element can form part of an interior lining of the car body, in particular form a cladding element. The interior lining of the car body can serve to visually and/or spatially separate the passenger compartment and the remaining volume, in particular the component installation space and/or the ceiling area. It is also conceivable that further cladding elements of the interior cladding cover at least parts of the ceiling area and/or walls of the car body. The at least one ceiling outlet element can be arranged relative to the further cladding elements of the interior lining in such a way that a, in particular central, area of the ceiling area is clad by the ceiling outlet element. Preferably, the ceiling outlet element and/or the further cladding elements are attached to a longitudinal and/or cross member element of the support frame, for example plugged, screwed and/or glued. The ceiling outlet element and/or the further cladding elements can be made from the same material as other parts of the interior cladding or from a different material. Examples of suitable materials are aluminum or sheet steel, with the use of these or other metallic materials serving in particular for fire protection. In particular, the device can include the cladding elements.

It is also conceivable that the ceiling outlet element includes or forms functional means. A functional means refers in particular to a lighting means, a device for outputting signals, for example a loudspeaker, a display device and/or a camera. The functional means can be arranged in particular provided recesses or holder of the ceiling outlet element can be attached, for example by means of a screw and / or plug connection.

A rail vehicle can thus be ventilated in an advantageous manner using the device. As explained above, the device is arranged and/or designed in such a way that the rail vehicle or the passenger compartment of the rail vehicle is evenly ventilated, i.e. preferably air from a calming volume or ceiling outlet element arranged centrally in a cross section of the rail vehicle is distributed uniformly or from above trickles down below. Furthermore, the device for ventilation is preferably arranged and/or designed in such a way that an intermediate space formed by the device can be used to arrange further components, in particular the device and/or the rail vehicle. In this way, the installation space, particularly in the ceiling area, can be used efficiently in an advantageous manner.

In a further embodiment, at least one electrical or electronic component for operating the rail vehicle is arranged in the gap. The at least one electrical or electronic component can be a component required to operate the rail vehicle. This can in particular include those electrical or electronic components that are required to supply power to the passenger compartment. Electrical or electronic components for the train function, such as parts of a train control system, a train control system or contactors or relays, can also be arranged in the gap. Preferably, the device comprises at least one electrical or electronic component. In particular, the electrical or electronic component can be attached to an element of the support frame described above. It is also conceivable that the electrical or electronic component is arranged on a holder, the holder being fastened, for example, to the support frame or a partition.

An electrical or electronic component can in particular be a voltage distributor, a voltage converter, an air conditioning device, a control device, a network access device, a mixing module made up of at least two of the aforementioned electrical or electronic components and/or an electrical Be a line or an electrical cable. Such a component can also include diodes, diacs, triacs, transistors, capacitors, resistors or thyristors.

This results in the technical advantage that the available installation space, in particular the gap formed by the spaced apart channels, is used in an efficient manner. When arranged in the gap, the electrical or electronic component can also be protected more effectively from external influences, for example from access by passengers. This is particularly the case if the device is arranged in the roof area, i.e. above the passenger compartment.

In a further embodiment, the space is separated from the first and further channels by partitions. Partition walls refer to flat elements that are arranged on the long sides of the gap or form these long sides. A surface of a partition is preferably oriented perpendicular to the transverse axis. Preferably, a first partition is arranged on or forms a first longitudinal side of the intermediate space. In this way, the space on the first side can be spatially separated from the first channel. Furthermore, a further partition wall is preferably arranged on or forms a further longitudinal side of the intermediate space. In this way, the gap can also be spatially separated from the other channel on the other side. A partition can, for example, be designed as an extruded profile and made from an aluminum alloy.

In particular, the partitions divide the installation space required by the device into spatially delimited areas, the intermediate space being separated from the first and further channels via the partitions. It is also conceivable that a further partition wall is arranged on or forms an upper and/or lower side of the intermediate space.

It is also conceivable that a partition wall is arranged on one side, in particular on a bottom side, of the intermediate space, with the partition wall, for example, spatially separating the intermediate space from the calming volume.

The partitions can be attached to the support frame. The partitions can also form a longitudinal support element of the support frame. Alternative or cumulative It is conceivable that the first channel is attached to a first partition and the further channel is attached to a further partition. Furthermore, the partitions can advantageously contribute to stiffening the device against bending. It is also conceivable that a partition wall forms a channel wall of the first or further channel. Preferably, however, a channel and a partition are separate parts of the device.

At least one electrical component can be attached to a partition. In particular, a partition can include brackets, such as bracket plates, which are suitable for attaching an electrical or electronic component. Such a holder is preferably designed in such a way that a component attached to it has a predetermined distance from the partition. Heat exchange between the partition and the holder or a component attached to it can be advantageously improved because, for example, air can flow between the partition and the holder. The accessibility of the electrical or electronic components can also be improved, for example during maintenance. At least one electrical or electronic component, but preferably a plurality of electrical components, can therefore advantageously be fastened in the intermediate space via the partition walls.

This results in the technical advantage that the gap is at least partially separated spatially from the rest of the rail vehicle via the partition walls. For example, components, in particular electrical components, arranged in the gap can be attached to the partition walls and protected by the partition walls from external influences such as dust or access by passengers.

Furthermore, insulation of the gap and/or the at least one electrical component arranged in the gap, which is relevant for fire protection, can be achieved via the partition walls. For this purpose, a partition wall can in particular be made of a fire-resistant material.

In a further embodiment, at least one side wall of the calming volume is wedge-shaped. The calming volume can be limited by side walls, which are used to at least partially spatially delimit the calming volume from the rest of the device or from the rest of the available standing space. The device can include such a side wall or such side walls, wherein a side wall can in particular be designed as a flat element such as a sheet metal. However, the side wall can not only be made of a metal, such as aluminum, but also of GRP or thermoplastics. Furthermore, the side walls can form openings which serve for fluid connection to the channels and/or the ceiling outlet element. The side walls can in particular be attached to the support frame.

The at least one side wall, which is wedge-shaped, is preferably arranged on an upper side of the calming volume or delimits the calming volume on the upper side. This side wall is preferably airtight, so in particular has no channels or through openings.

It is also conceivable that the at least one side wall is connected to further side walls of the calming volume. In particular, one of the further or at least one side wall can be attached to the ceiling outlet element, in particular glued to the ceiling outlet element.

Wedge-shaped preferably designates a shape of a cross section of the at least one side wall, the cross section lying in a cross-sectional plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. The shape of the cross section is preferably designed such that a height of the calming volume decreases from the at least one opening of the first channel towards a center of the calming volume and increases from the center to the at least one opening of the further channel. In other words, the shape of the cross section of the at least one side wall is V-shaped or wedge-shaped.

A wedge-shaped design can also mean that the side wall comprises two side wall sections which are arranged at an angle to one another and enclose an angle smaller than 180°, in particular an acute, but preferably an obtuse, angle. The side wall sections can each be designed to be non-curved.

A tip or a lower edge of the wedge-shaped side wall can be oriented towards the ceiling outlet element, i.e. downwards. Preferably the tip is the wedge-shaped side wall arranged centrally or in the middle in a cross section of the calming volume.

The side wall can form a partition wall of the intermediate volume, in particular a partition wall arranged on the underside of the intermediate volume, or a part thereof.

The wedge-shaped side wall influences air flow in the calming volume in an advantageous manner. This results in the technical effect that flow properties, such as a pressure gradient and/or speed gradient, of the air flowing through the calming volume are influenced via the wedge-shaped side wall in such a way that the interior of the rail vehicle, in particular the passenger compartment, is sprinkled evenly, i.e. air For example, flows into the interior at a uniform speed and evenly distributed along the longitudinal axis and / or the transverse axis. Ventilation of the rail vehicle can thus be improved in an advantageous manner. Such an effect of a wedge-shaped side wall was confirmed using a computer simulation.

Of course, it is also conceivable that the side wall is straight, i.e. that, for example, the two side wall sections described above are not arranged at an angle to one another and the angle described above between the two side wall sections is in particular exactly 180 °.

In a further embodiment, the at least one ceiling outlet element is pivotably mounted via a joint. The device can include the joint. The joint can be designed such that a joint axis or pivot axis is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the rail vehicle. The joint allows the at least one ceiling outlet element to be pivoted in such a way that at least part of the device, in particular at least a portion of the ceiling area, is accessible through an opening released due to the pivoting.

In particular, the calming volume and/or the intermediate space is at least partially accessible in a pivoted, i.e. open, state of the ceiling outlet element. If the space is separated from the calming volume by a partition, for example the wedge-shaped side wall, this partition can For example, via another joint, can also be put into an open state.

Accessible here means that the described parts of the device can be reached from the passenger compartment. This is particularly advantageous for accessibility of the device, for example during installation and/or maintenance of the device. If one or more, in particular electrical, components are arranged in the intermediate space, these can also be reached in an advantageous manner, preferably when the ceiling outlet element is open.

To lock the ceiling outlet element, in particular in a closed state of the ceiling outlet element in which the calming volume and/or the gap are not accessible, the device, in particular the ceiling outlet element and/or the support frame, can comprise one or more locking elements which are used to lock the ceiling outlet element serve when closed. These can be arranged on one side or all sides of the ceiling outlet element. In particular, a connecting element can be arranged on a side that is opposite the joint. However, it is also conceivable that the ceiling outlet element is connected on one or more sides via a plug connection to another part of the ceiling area, such as a cladding element, and is locked via one or more connecting elements, such as on a side of the ceiling outlet element opposite the plug connection. A locking element can be formed, for example, by screwing the ceiling outlet element to the support frame. Analogously, a partition wall of the intermediate space can also be closed or locked.

In particular, the joint and/or the locking element can connect the ceiling outlet element to the interior lining or a cladding element of the interior lining of the car body.

In a further embodiment, a sprinkler element to form the calming volume is arranged on the at least one ceiling outlet element or the at least one ceiling outlet element forms the sprinkler element. The sprinkling element forms or includes the calming volume Complete or partial calming volume. In particular, the sprinkling element comprises or forms side walls of the calming volume. The sprinkling element at least partially limits the calming volume. In particular, the sprinkling element can be arranged and/or designed in such a way that desired, i.e. predetermined, flow properties, in particular a desired flow direction and/or a desired flow velocity, can be set. The sprinkling element can have openings through which air can flow into the calming volume or the sprinkling element via the openings of the channels. If the sprinkler element is arranged on the at least one ceiling outlet element, the sprinkler element can further have a suitable opening for fluid connection to the ceiling outlet element. In other words, air inlets or openings of the sprinkler element can be aligned with openings of the channels. Furthermore, air outlets or openings of the sprinkler element can be aligned with outlets of the ceiling outlet element. This allows an air flow into and out of the sprinkling element or the calming volume.

Preferably, due to its design and/or arrangement, the sprinkler element influences flow properties of the air in such a way that the air flows uniformly, for example at a uniform speed, and thus advantageously, from the ceiling outlet element into the interior of the rail vehicle. For this purpose, a side wall or a cross section of the sprinkler element can be wedge-shaped. The sprinkling element can be made of polyethylene, for example.

If the sprinkler element is arranged on the at least one ceiling outlet element or if the at least one ceiling outlet element forms this, accessibility of the intermediate space can be improved in an advantageous manner. For example, when the ceiling outlet element is put into an open state via a joint. For example, the installation and/or maintenance of the device and/or installation and/or maintenance of components, in particular arranged in the intermediate region, can be facilitated in an advantageous manner.

In a further embodiment, at least one channel has at least one further opening for fluidly connecting the at least one channel to the intermediate space.

The further opening of the channel allows air to flow from a channel into the gap. If the intermediate space is delimited from the channel by a partition wall, the partition wall can also have an opening for fluidly connecting the intermediate space to at least one of the channels. It is also conceivable that a partition has a further opening so that air can flow out of the gap again. Of course, a channel can also have a further opening, which, for example, is aligned with a further opening in the partition, so that air can flow into the channel from the gap.

The further opening and other openings provided for fluid connection with the intermediate space can have at least one air filter for cleaning the incoming and/or outflowing air.

This creates the technical advantage that air, in particular air-conditioned air, can flow through the space. If one or more, in particular electrical, components are arranged in the intermediate space, they can be cooled by the air flowing through them. In particular, the available installation space can be used more efficiently in an advantageous manner, since components can be arranged closer to one another due to the cooling. The heat resistance of the components can also be increased in an advantageous manner.

In a further embodiment, at least one further channel for discharging air from the rail vehicle is arranged on the first and/or the further channel for guiding air.

The further channel for discharging air can be arranged on a side of the first and further channels facing away from the gap. In particular, the further channel for discharging air can be referred to as a return channel. Such a return channel preferably has the same orientation, but a flow direction opposite to the first and/or further channel. The return channel preferably has the same length as the first and/or the further channel. Further The return channel is preferably adapted to a remaining installation space, in particular between the wall and roof of the car body. Ie a cross-sectional area of the return channel can differ from a cross-sectional area of the first and/or further channel, and in particular have a reduced cross-sectional area. Particularly preferably, a first return channel is arranged on the first channel and a further return channel on the further channel. The first and the further return channels are preferably arranged such that a central axis of a cross section of the device forms an axis of symmetry of the device. This results in the technical advantage that an installation space is used efficiently to ventilate a rail vehicle.

In particular, the return channel can remove air from the interior of the rail vehicle or the passenger compartment and supply it to an air conditioning unit, in particular via connecting channels external to the device. This creates an advantageous ventilation circuit, with air-conditioned air being supplied to the calming volume via the first and further channels, with the air-conditioned air flowing into the interior or passenger compartment via the ceiling outlet element. The air that is "used" in the passenger compartment, i.e. in particular no longer cooled, can then be supplied to the return channel(s), in particular via suitably arranged connecting channels, which can be arranged, for example, on or in a side wall of the car body, which can be arranged via the Air removed from the return channel can then be fed to the air conditioning unit. The air conditioning device can then mix and/or condition the air, for example with fresh air from an environment of the rail vehicle.

In a further embodiment, the device is designed as a module for arrangement in a ceiling area of the rail vehicle, the module having a longitudinal extent in a range of 1 m to 20 m and a transverse extent in a range of 0.5 m to 2 m and a height extent in a range of 0.1 m to 1 m.

The dimensions of the module are chosen so that the installation space available in a rail vehicle is not exceeded. At the same time, rail vehicle-specific installation space requirements, for example a certain length and/or width and/or height, can be easily met.

In particular, the module can be suitable for use in various rail vehicles without having to change the dimensions of the module. By means of the module or by means of a modular design, assembly of the components of the device as well as installation and removal of the device in the rail vehicle is advantageously facilitated.

In particular, it is possible for several modules to be arranged abutting one another or spaced apart from one another in a roof area of a rail vehicle. It is of course also possible for a module to have several parts. For example, a first module part can be supplemented by another module part. The further module part can connect or abut the first module part in such a way that the length of the device formed by the first and further module parts can be extended. The device can thus be advantageously adapted to rail vehicle-specific requirements.

The module can be at least partially pre-assembled outside the rail vehicle, in particular without the ceiling outlet element and/or the sprinkler element. Channels as well as any partitions and/or electrical components outside the rail vehicle can be arranged relative to one another in the manner described and, for example, connected and pre-assembled to one another by means of a support frame.

A pre-assembled part of the module can then be arranged in a ceiling area of the rail vehicle, preferably through an open roof of the rail vehicle and from above, for example by means of a crane external to the device. This pre-assembled part of the module can then be attached to the car body of the rail vehicle, for example via the support frame described. The module can therefore have or form fastening means or sections for fastening to the car body.

Furthermore, the ceiling outlet element and/or sprinkler element can in particular be attached via the passenger compartment from below to the module already arranged in the car body and / or a part of the rail vehicle external to the device, for example on the car body, for example via the joint described or the locking element. The calming volume described can be formed during assembly between the channels or the gap and the ceiling outlet element. Of course, the module can also include the cladding elements described above.

Furthermore, the module can include the functional means and/or electrical or electronic components described above. In particular, the ceiling outlet element can have a holder provided for a functional means. It is also conceivable that the support frame includes holders, for example sheets intended for this purpose, for fastening electrical or electronic components.

The module preferably has interfaces for electrical and/or fluid technology connection to the rail vehicle. Of course, such interfaces can also be used to connect another module part. An electrical interface can be the free end of a cable with a plug for connecting to a counterpart. A fluidic connection to the rail vehicle can be at least via inlet openings of a channel of the device with, for example, a connecting channel of the rail vehicle.

A method for ventilating a rail vehicle by means of a device according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure is also proposed.

According to the invention, air is guided through a first and a further channel.

Furthermore, the first and the further channels are fluidly connected to a calming volume via at least one opening, with air flowing from the calming volume through at least one ceiling outlet element into an interior of the rail vehicle.

Due to the arrangement and/or design of the device, at least one flow property, for example a pressure gradient, will be influenced in such a way that air flows out the ceiling outlet element trickles evenly into a rail vehicle, in particular an interior. The at least one flow property can be changed, i.e. passively influenced, in particular by shaping a calming volume.

The method can advantageously be used to ventilate a rail vehicle with the device described, the device allowing easy accessibility, for example during maintenance of the device, in a rail vehicle and an available installation space in the rail vehicle being used efficiently.

A method for producing a device according to an embodiment described in this disclosure is further described. For this purpose, a first channel for guiding air and a further channel for guiding air are provided and arranged at a distance from one another to form a gap. Each channel has at least one opening, with each channel being fluidly connected to at least one calming volume via at least one opening. Furthermore, at least one ceiling outlet element is provided for discharging air from the calming volume into an interior of the rail space and arranged such that the calming volume is arranged between the channels and the at least one ceiling outlet element.

In this way, a device can advantageously be produced which enables particularly pleasant ventilation of an interior of a rail vehicle and easier installation of the device in a rail vehicle, with an available installation space in the rail vehicle being used efficiently.

A method for producing a rail vehicle and a rail vehicle with a device according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure are further described. For this purpose, a first and a further channel for guiding air to form a gap are provided and arranged at a distance from one another. Each channel has at least one opening, with the at least one opening of the first and further channels being fluidly connected to a calming volume. At least one ceiling outlet element is provided and can be arranged in an interior of a rail vehicle. In particular, the first and the following can Channel can be attached to a support frame while forming a gap. It is also conceivable that the support frame forms a first module part with the first and the further channel. A calming volume or element and a ceiling outlet element, as well as in particular further cladding elements of an interior lining, can then form a further module part.

The first and the further module parts can then be pre-assembled and then positioned relative to one another, in particular via an open roof of the rail vehicle, in such a way that a rail vehicle is produced using the device thus created. Of course, the entire module can also be pre-assembled and inserted into the rail vehicle via the roof. It is also conceivable that the first and/or further module part or the entire module is introduced into the rail vehicle via openings in the rail vehicle ends, i.e. in particular via openings on the shorter sides of the rail vehicle.

But other installation methods are also conceivable, such as, for example, that the first module part is arranged in the roof or ceiling area via an open roof of the rail vehicle and the further module part from the passenger compartment of the rail vehicle is attached to the already assembled first module part.

In this way, a rail vehicle can advantageously be produced which enables particularly pleasant ventilation of an interior of the rail vehicle and simplified installation of the device, with the available installation space in the rail vehicle being used efficiently.

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch eine Schienenfahrzeug mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 2

einen Querschnitt durch das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Schienenfahrzeug,

Fig. 3

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf einen Deckenbereich eines Schienenfahrzeugs mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, und

Fig. 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Schienenfahrzeugs mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung.

The invention is explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. The figures show:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a rail vehicle with a device according to the invention in a perspective view,

Fig. 2

a cross section through the in Fig. 1 rail vehicle shown,

Fig. 3

a perspective top view of a ceiling area of a rail vehicle with a device according to the invention, and

Fig. 4

a schematic side view of a rail vehicle with a device according to the invention.

Below, the same reference numbers designate elements with the same or similar technical features.

In Fig. 1 is a cross section through a rail vehicle 100 shown in a perspective view. Next is in Fig. 1 a vehicle coordinate system 200 is shown, wherein the vehicle coordinate system 200 is arranged in a stationary manner relative to the rail vehicle. A longitudinal axis 201 is a roll axis of the rail vehicle 100. A transverse axis 202 is a pitch axis of the rail vehicle 100. A vertical axis 203 is a yaw axis of the rail vehicle 100. Furthermore, the vertical axis 203 is oriented parallel and opposite to the direction of the gravitational force g (arrow). The axes 201, 202, 203 form a Cartesian coordinate system. Orientations of the axes 201, 202, 203 are represented by arrows.

The rail vehicle 100 comprises a car body 101 with walls 102 and a roof 103. The walls 102 of the car body 101 can be designed as a hollow profile or include a hollow profile, wherein the hollow profile can in particular be made of aluminum.

An interior 105 or interior volume of the car body 101 is divided into a passenger compartment 106 and a roof area 107, the roof area being arranged above the passenger compartment 106 along the vertical axis 203. A device 300 for ventilating the rail vehicle 100 is arranged in the roof area 107 of the car body 101. Various parts of the device 300, which in Fig. 2 are explained in more detail, can in particular be attached to a support frame 301. The support frame 301 can be attached to the car body 101 (not shown).

A cross section of the rail vehicle 100 or the device 300 is shown in Fig. 2 shown. The cross section is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 201 of the coordinate system 200.

The device 300 includes a first channel 305 for guiding air and a further channel 306 for guiding air. The air flows parallel to the longitudinal axis 201 of the rail vehicle 100 through the channels 305, 306. The channels 305, 306 are spaced apart from one another along the transverse axis 202 to form a gap 307.

The gap 307 is spatially separated from the channels 305, 306 via partitions 308. On the sides of the partitions 308 facing away from the gap 307, the first and the further channels 305, 306 are attached to the partitions 308, in particular inserted into the partitions 308. The partitions 308 can have brackets or sheets (not shown) for attaching electrical or electronic components.

A cross member 303 runs along an upper side of the gap 307 and connects the partition walls 308 to one another in the direction of the transverse axis 202. A cable channel 309 is attached in the middle along the cross member 303, which runs along the longitudinal axis 201 parallel to the first and further channels 305, 306 and can, for example, guide cables (not shown).

The partitions 308 are attached to a further cross-member element 304 of the support frame 301. The channels 305, 306 also rest on the further cross member element 304. The further cross-member element 304 is connected downwards to longitudinal-member elements 302, with the longitudinal-member elements 302 running parallel to the first or further channel 305, 306. Both the transverse and longitudinal support elements 302 are designed as extruded profiles.

Both the first and the further channels 305, 306 have an opening 310, which fluidly connect the channels 305, 306 to a calming volume 315. Air can thus flow from the channels 305, 306 into the calming volume 315, which is shown schematically by the in Fig. 2 arrows shown.

A ceiling outlet element 320 is arranged on an underside of the calming volume 315. The ceiling outlet element 320 limits the calming volume 315 downwards. A sprinkling element 330 is arranged on the ceiling outlet element 320, which increases the calming volume 315 at least upwards, in particular to the space 307, limited. The sprinkler element 330 is glued to the ceiling outlet element 320 in the illustrated embodiment. The sprinkling element 330 also limits the calming volume 315 to the remaining sides. The sprinkling element 330 is designed in such a way that air can flow into the calming volume 315 through the openings 310 and flow out again through openings or outlets of the ceiling outlet element.

Furthermore, a side wall 331 of the sprinkling element 330 is wedge-shaped and separates the contiguous calming volume 315 from the intermediate space 307 spatially and fluidly. For example, the gap 207 can be protected from the ingress of dust (not shown). The side wall 331 can be part of the sprinkler element 330.

The ceiling outlet element 320 is designed to be perforated for the fluid connection of the calming volume 315 to the passenger compartment 106. The sprinkler element 330 guides the air into and through the contiguous calming volume 315 in such a way that air flows or trickles out of the calming volume 315 into the passenger compartment 106. This is shown schematically by seven straight arrows pointing downwards. The air is advantageously evenly distributed in the passenger compartment 106 by means of the device 300.

The ceiling outlet element 320 is connected or connectable to cladding elements 108 of an interior lining of the car body 101. The cladding elements 108 are attached to the longitudinal beam elements 302 and form part of the ceiling cladding and the side wall cladding. The ceiling outlet element 320 forms another part of the ceiling paneling or interior paneling. In particular, the ceiling outlet element 320 is connected to a first cladding element 108 via a joint 340 and can be connected to a further cladding element 108 via a locking element 341.

Via the joint 340, the ceiling outlet element 320 can be pivoted together with the sprinkler element 330 arranged thereon. A joint axis of the joint 340 is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis 201. The ceiling outlet element 320 can be locked in a closed state on the further cladding element 108 via the locking element 341, wherein in locked state, pivoting of the ceiling outlet element 320 is not released or possible.

By pivoting the ceiling outlet element 320, a through opening and thus access from the passenger compartment 106 to the ceiling area 107 and in particular to the calming volume 315 can be released, making it accessible from the passenger compartment 107. This facilitates in particular maintenance of the device 300 and/or maintenance of, in particular electrical, components (not shown) arranged in the intermediate space 307.

A further channel 350 is arranged on a side of the channels 305, 306 facing away from the gap 307. The further channel 350 is designed as a return channel for discharging air. In particular, air is removed from the passenger compartment 106 via the return channel 350 in such a way that an air conditioning unit (not shown) can mix the removed air, in particular with fresh air. The air mixed in this way is then guided by means of the channels 305, 306 and passed through the sprinkler element 330 and the ceiling outlet element 320 into the passenger compartment 106, so that the rail vehicle 100 is ventilated in an advantageous manner. The return channels 350 are glued to the first or the further channel 305, 306.

In Fig. 3 a rail vehicle 100, in particular a roof area 107 of a car body 101, is shown with a further embodiment of a device 300. The device 300 is in Fig. 3 designed as a module 370 and arranged in the roof area 107 of the car body 101 of the rail vehicle 100. The module 370 has a first and a further channel 305, 306, which are spaced apart from one another to form a gap 307. Not in Fig. 3 Openings 310 of the channels 305, 306 are shown, through which air enters a calming volume 315 (see Fig. 2 ) can flow. The air then flows from the calming volume 315 through a ceiling outlet element 320 into a passenger compartment 106 of the car body 101.

The gap 307 is separated from the first and further channels 305, 306 via partitions 308. Electrical components 500 are arranged in the gap 307 and are attached to the partition walls 308. Furthermore, a partition 308 has an opening 311 through which air flows from the first channel 305 into the intermediate space 307. Another partition 308 has a further opening 312 through which air comes out Space 307 can flow out. The openings 311, 312 also have a filter (not shown) which cleans the incoming or outflowing air.

A further channel 350 designed as a return channel is arranged on a side of the channels 305, 306 facing away from the intermediate space 307. The return channels 350 have the same length as the first and the further channels 305, 306.

The channels 305, 306, 350 have inlet and outlet openings 360 through which air flows from the channels 305, 306, 350 into connecting channels 510 external to the device. The connecting channels 510 are then connected to an air conditioning device 520, which conditions the air that is guided in this way.

By designing the device 300 as a module 370, installation and adaptation of the device 300 to rail vehicle-specific requirements is advantageously facilitated. Further advantages of a modular design of the device 300 are explained above.

In Fig. 4 a rail vehicle 100 is shown in a schematic side view with a device 300 according to the invention. A first part 380 and a further part 381 of a device 300 designed as a module 370 are arranged in a roof area 107 of a car body 101 of the rail vehicle 100. In particular, the first part 380 has a different length than the further part 381. The first part 380 is supplemented by the further part 381, ie arranged behind the first part 380 against the direction of the longitudinal axis 201, so that a length of the device 300 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 201 can be advantageously adapted to rail vehicle-specific requirements.

Reference symbol list

100

Rail vehicle

101

Car body

102

Wall

103

Roof

105

inner space

106

passenger compartment

107

Roof area

108

Cladding element of an interior lining

200

Vehicle coordinate system

201

Longitudinal axis

202

Transverse axis

203

vertical axis

300

contraption

301

Support frame

302

Longitudinal beam element

303

Cross member element

304

another cross member element

305

first channel

306

another channel

307

space

308

partition wall

309

Cabel Canal

310

opening

311

Opening to a space

312

further opening to a space

315

Calming volume

320

Ceiling outlet element

330

Sprinkler element

331

wedge-shaped top of a sprinkler element

340

joint

341

Locking element

350

return channel

360

Entrance and/or exit opening of a channel

370

module

380

first part of a module

381

another part of a module

500

electrical component

510

connection channel

520

Air conditioning unit

G

Direction of gravitational force

Claims (10)

Device (300) for ventilating a rail vehicle (100), comprising a first channel (305) for guiding air and at least one further channel (306) for guiding air, wherein the first and the further channels (305, 306) are arranged at a distance from one another to form a gap (307) and each have at least one opening (310), characterized in that each channel (305, 306) is fluidly connected to a common calming volume (315) via the at least one opening (310), the device (300) having at least one ceiling outlet element (320) for discharging air from the calming volume (315) into one Interior (105) of the rail vehicle (100) and the sprinkling volume (315) is arranged between the channels (305, 306) and the at least one ceiling outlet element (320). Device (300) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one electrical or electronic component (500) for operating the rail vehicle (100) is arranged in the intermediate space (307). Device (300) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the intermediate space (307) is separated from the first and further channels (305, 306) by partitions (308). Device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one side wall (311) of the calming volume (315) is wedge-shaped. Device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one ceiling outlet element (320) is pivotably mounted via a joint (340). Device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the at least one ceiling outlet element (315) there is a sprinkling element (330) to form the calming volume (315). is arranged or the at least one ceiling outlet element (315) forms the sprinkler element (330). Device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one channel (305, 306) has a further opening (311) for fluidly connecting the at least one channel (305, 306) to the intermediate space (307). Device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one further channel (350) for discharging air from the rail vehicle (100) is arranged on the first and/or the further channel (305, 306) for guiding air is. Device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (300) is designed as a module (370) for arrangement in a ceiling area (107) of the rail vehicle (100), the module (370) having a longitudinal extent in a range of 1 m to 20 m and a transverse extent in a range of 0.5 m to 2 m and a height extent in a range of 0.1 m to 1 m. Method for ventilating a rail vehicle (100) by means of a device (300) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that air is guided through a first and a further channel (305, 306).

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