Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
  • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
  • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
  • H01M50/59—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries characterised by the protection means
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
  • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
  • H01M50/14—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings for protecting against damage caused by external factors
  • H01M50/143—Fireproof; Explosion-proof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
  • B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
  • B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
  • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
  • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
  • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
  • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
  • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
  • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
  • H01M10/0431—Cells with wound or folded electrodes
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
  • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
  • H01M50/107—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
  • H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
  • H01M50/124—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material having a layered structure
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
  • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
  • H01M50/213—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for cells having curved cross-section, e.g. round or elliptic
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
  • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
  • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
  • H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
  • H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
  • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
  • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
  • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
  • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

• the invention relates to a battery cell for an electrical energy store for installation in an electrified motor vehicle (electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle), in particular for a lithium-ion store, e.g. used as on-board batteries, high-voltage storage or traction batteries.
• an electrified motor vehicle electric vehicle or hybrid vehicle
• a lithium-ion store e.g. used as on-board batteries, high-voltage storage or traction batteries.
• an energy storage device in the form of a lithium-ion storage device
• a lithium-ion storage device which has a "cell pack" in a housing with a large number of battery cells (individual storage cells) which aligned vertically to the underside of the vehicle.
• the battery cells are integrated into a framework of support elements to stabilize them against the impact of forces from below, which act as force-absorbing housing extensions for the cells.
• the applicant's DE 102021 102017 which is not a prior publication, relates to an electrical energy store for installation in an electrified motor vehicle with a large number of battery cells, each battery cell consisting of a cell core and a hybrid cell housing which is separated by an inner partial housing in the form of an inner cell wall made of electrically insulating Material and is designed by an outer partial housing in the form of a cell holder made of electrically conductive and thermally conductive material.
• the first and the second partial housing together form a hybrid cell housing (hybrid housing) by means of a mechanical connection.
• the invention relates to a battery cell for an electrical energy store (in particular for installation in an electrified motor vehicle) with a large number of battery cells.
• the battery cell according to the invention consists of a cell core and a hybrid cell housing.
• the hybrid cell housing is designed as a combination of an inner partial housing with an outer partial housing, with a protective device being provided by which the cell core with the inner partial housing can be evaluated from the outer partial housing in the event of a (preferably thermal) fault.
• the outer partial housing particularly preferably has a closure in the opposite direction to the ejection direction, through which a gas-tight cavity is created, in which gas can be introduced (e.g. in the event of an event that leads to the inner partial housing bursting with gas escaping, or with the additional use of a " Miniature airbags”, which is defined in more detail below) pressure can be built up in a targeted manner, which pressure is used to eject the inner partial housing in the ejection direction.
• gas e.g. in the event of an event that leads to the inner partial housing bursting with gas escaping, or with the additional use of a " Miniature airbags”, which is defined in more detail below
• the invention is based on the following considerations:
• the present invention is preferably based on a cell system that is described in the applicant's DE 102020 126424, which is not a prior publication.
• the battery cell according to the invention preferably consists of a cell core (in any configuration, e.g. as an electrode coil) and a hybrid cell housing (hybrid housing) similar to the subject of the unpublished DE 102020 126424.
• the hybrid cell housing has an inner cell wall (inner sub-housing) and formed with an outer cell holder made of thermally conductive metal (outer sub-housing).
• the hybrid housing thus consists of two partial housings.
• the inner plastic sub-housing is light and leads to weight reduction.
• the outer partial housing consists of heat-conducting metal and is therefore suitable for temperature control. Both partial housings together also contribute to stabilization against mechanical forces.
• the battery cell according to the invention can also consist of two partial housings of a different type.
• the operating strategy of an electronic control unit for the energy store can store a localization or identification of the ejected cell by combining it with suitable sensors.
• the control of the electrical energy flows (energy supply or energy removal) by the cell holder is preferably carried out by memory management as a software program module in the electronic control unit.
• FIG. 1 shows the essential components of a battery cell according to the invention with a protective device for ejection in the event of a thermal fault
• FIG 2 shows a first state of the battery cell according to the invention during an ejection process through an obstacle (e.g. through the bottom of an energy store),
• FIG. 3 shows a second state of the battery cell according to the invention during an ejection process through an obstacle
• FIG. 4 shows the state in particular of the outer partial housing of the battery cell according to the invention after complete ejection.
• the exemplary embodiments relate to round battery cells. However, the invention can also be used for other battery cells, for example prismatic ones.
• the cell 1 has, for example, two electrically conductive contact covers 5 and 6 and a plastic cylinder (eg PP, PTFE) as the inner partial housing 3 of the hybrid cell housing.
• the operational stability of the cell 1 is achieved by combining the inner partial housing 3 with an outer partial housing 4 in the form of a cell holder.
• FIG. 1 shows a side view of the schematic integration of the inner partial housing 3, which is the cell wall of the cell core 2, into the outer partial housing 4 in the form of a cell holder.
• a sliding layer 10 for example Teflon PTFE, is preferably provided between the cylinders or partial housings 3 and 4, which can reduce the friction in the event of an ejection.
• the cell stack or the storage system with a large number of battery cells 1 according to the invention are not shown here in their entirety, but a possible base of such a cell stack or storage system is shown schematically in FIGS.
• the electrical contacting and latching or attachment of the inner cylinder or partial housing 3 in the outer cylinder or partial housing 4 is preferably carried out by means of a circumferential, electrically conductive bead 11.
• the contacting and arrangement of several cells in a series circuit, e.g. the changing cell orientation ' are also not shown as this is known.
• a non-cylindrical cell shape eg prismatic, is also encompassed by the invention, but is not specifically illustrated here.
• the contacting cover 6 of the cell 1 pointing in the opposite direction B to the ejection direction A is preferably provided with a predetermined breaking point 7 in order to direct the escaping gases into the upper cavity 9 in the event of a fault.
• FIG. 4 describes a spring device 13 in the upper gas-tight cavity 9.
• the spring device 13, with its pretension, can support the ejection of the inner partial housing 3 in the event of a fault.
• the cloud shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 indicates the escape of gas into the cavity 9 in the event of a fault.
• FIGS. 2 to 4 outline the resulting movement of the inner partial housing 3 in the event of cell ejection or cell nucleus ejection. More precisely, the "cell ejection” is the ejection of the inner partial housing 3 with an integrated cell nucleus 2.
• Figures 2 to 4 show the penetration of the bottom 14 of the storage array through the inner sub-housing 3 assuming a vertical storage/cell construction.
• Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show a rotating cutting device 12 on the inner partial housing 3 to support the penetration of the soil 14 through the inner partial housing 3.
• Fig. 2 outlines a predetermined breaking point in the bottom 14 of the storage system in dash-dotted lines. This also supports the penetration of the soil 14 .
• 3 shows a further advantageous embodiment.
• the swelling is initiated by the ejection, so that the base 14 closes again after ejection, for example to prevent the ingress of foreign substances (e.g. water) after the ejection process.
• the closure achieved in this way is sketched in Fig. 4.
• the emergency operation property consists in bridging the defective cell 1 or an electrical bridging contact if the cell 1 is ejected, ie the cell 1 is removed.
• the spring device 13 from FIG. 1 creates contact with the upper and lower peripheral beads 11 and thus the electrical cell contact within the cell assembly. In the event of a fault, this ensures that the series connection of the cells is retained.
• the storage arrangement thus remains functional for emergency operation with a total voltage reduced by one cell voltage.
• This can also be communicated to an energy management system by a sensing device (not shown in detail). This makes it possible to adapt the operating strategy of the higher-level system.
• the higher-level system can be an electric drive of a vehicle or an on-board electrical system of a vehicle, which can later also be used as a stationary energy storage system in a building in the case of so-called “second life” use.
• An electronic control unit of the energy management system can recognize the ejection itself, the location of the cell ejection and/or the identification of the cell 1 ejected.
• the battery cell 1 shows a battery cell 1 according to the invention for an electrical energy store for installation in an electrified motor vehicle with a large number of battery cells.
• the battery cell 1 consists of a cell core 2 and a hybrid cell housing, which is designed as a combination of an inner partial housing 3 in the form of an inner cell wall made of electrically insulating material with an outer partial housing 4 in the form of a cell holder made of electrically conductive material.
• the contacting cover 6 with optional predetermined breaking point 7, the wall of the outer partial housing 4 and the gas-tight seal 8 of the outer partial housing 4 form a protective device, through which the cell core 2 with the inner partial housing 3 can be evaluated from the outer partial housing 4 in the event of a (particularly thermal) fault is.
• the outer partial housing 4 is open in the ejection direction A, but closed gas-tight in the opposite direction B to the ejection direction A, for example with a cover 8 .
• the inner sub-housing 3 with the cell core 2 is arranged in the outer sub-housing 4 in such a way that a gas-tight cavity 9 is created between the inner sub-housing 3 and the closure 8, in which, in the event of a thermal event that leads to the bursting of the inner sub-housing 3, the escaping hot gas pressure arises, which can be used to eject the inner partial housing 3 in the ejection direction A.
• An additional gas-generating unit (“miniature airbag”, see also above) in the area of the predetermined breaking point 7 is also conceivable.
• This can, for example, be a squib comparable to an airbag system or a chemical substance that produces additional gas ( e.g. by decomposition of the substance). This would have the advantage that before the cell bursts, the cell can be predictively ejected due to an impermissibly excessive temperature in order to reduce secondary damage.
• the inner partial housing 3 has a first contacting cover 5 without material weakening and in the opposite direction B a second contacting cover 6 with material weakening, here with a predetermined breaking point 7 .
• An electrically conductive spring device 13 is preferably prestressed in the gas-tight cavity 9 in such a way that it serves as a contact bridge after ejection in the relaxed state (see FIG. 4 and the previous description of this further above).
• a gliding material 10 can be introduced between the inner partial housing 3 and the outer partial housing 4, which is designed at the same time, for example, as swelling and/or adhesive material with a predetermined viscosity and curing ability, in order to close the bottom 14 after an ejection (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4).
• a bead 11 for the positive pole (+) and the negative pole (-) is provided on the inner partial housing 3 for latching with the outer partial housing 4 both in a holding and in an electrically contacting manner. If the ejection cannot take place without obstacles, for example into a collecting container, but has to take place, for example, by breaking through a/the bottom 14 of a cell pack, the inner partial housing 3 can have a cutting device 12 in the ejection direction A.
• this arrangement can be used both to prevent major damage to the storage system and the adjacent systems and components and to maintain the functionality to a limited extent. The latter offers a safety advantage, for example in the case of autonomous driving.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Electrochemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Sustainable Development (AREA)
• Sustainable Energy (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=81344376

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Family Cites Families (5)

• 2021
  • 2021-04-22 DE DE102021110219.7A patent/DE102021110219A1/de active Pending
• 2022
  • 2022-03-22 JP JP2023545776A patent/JP2024514737A/ja active Pending
  • 2022-03-22 KR KR1020237020889A patent/KR20230110577A/ko unknown
  • 2022-03-22 CN CN202280009166.2A patent/CN116686143A/zh active Pending
  • 2022-03-22 EP EP22717541.1A patent/EP4327390A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-03-22 US US18/278,691 patent/US20240145888A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-03-22 WO PCT/EP2022/057398 patent/WO2022223213A1/de active Application Filing

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