EP4314188A1 - Kühlmittel mit verbesserter temperaturstabilität - Google Patents
Kühlmittel mit verbesserter temperaturstabilitätInfo
- Publication number
- EP4314188A1 EP4314188A1 EP22710128.4A EP22710128A EP4314188A1 EP 4314188 A1 EP4314188 A1 EP 4314188A1 EP 22710128 A EP22710128 A EP 22710128A EP 4314188 A1 EP4314188 A1 EP 4314188A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- weight
- particularly preferably
- coolant
- aqueous
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/20—Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/10—Liquid materials
Definitions
- the present invention describes new aqueous coolants with improved temperature stability, their production and use.
- the aqueous coolant is exposed to a higher temperature and the components contained therein are exposed to greater thermal stress, so that higher requirements are placed on the thermal stress.
- the object of the present invention was to provide aqueous coolants which are capable of reducing or preventing the formation of deposits on the cooling channel walls, in particular due to the precipitation of alkaline earth metal compounds, even at high wall temperatures.
- (C) at least one phosphate, carbonate and/or sulfate in the form of its free acids or its salts, especially its alkali metal salts, particularly preferably its sodium or potassium salt
- the hard water stabilizer (D) at least one hard water stabilizer, optionally further inhibitors and typical coolant components, the hard water stabilizer (D) being at least one homopolymer or copolymer which contains acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and/or maleic acid and/or itaconic acid in polymerized form , a weight-average molecular weight Mw determined by GPC of at least 3000 g/mol, preferably at least 3500, particularly preferably at least 4000 and very particularly preferably at least 4500 g/mol, and a mass loss in the temperature range from 200 to 300° C. of not more than 10 , preferably not more than 8, particularly preferably not more than 7, very particularly preferably not more than 5, in particular not more than 3 and specifically not more than 2% by weight.
- the mass loss is measured by thermogravimetry in the temperature range from 30 to 800° C. at a heating rate of 5 K/min in an argon atmosphere at a flow volume of 40 ml/min, with the mass loss for the compounds (D) which can be used according to the invention being measured in the temperature range from 200 to 300 °C is used, with the mass present at 200 °C being taken as the reference value and the decrease on further heating up to 300 °C being taken as the mass loss.
- the water used in the context of the present invention should be neutral with a pH of around 7. It can be demineralized or distilled water, but this is not absolutely necessary.
- the composition according to the invention contains at least one hard-water stabilizer (D).
- the water used can contain alkaline earth metal ions, for example magnesium, calcium, strontium or barium ions, the latter usually being contained at most in traces. Preference is given to essentially only magnesium and/or calcium ions as hardening agents.
- the water used is preferably soft water with a water hardness of not more than 8.4° dH, particularly preferably not more than 10 and very particularly preferably not more than 12° dH.
- water with a water hardness of up to 14° dH, preferably up to 17, particularly preferably up to 20 and even up to 25° dH can be used.
- the water used in the coolant is the usual source for the carbonate and/or sulfate contained in the coolant as component (C) via the hardeners.
- one object of the present invention is a process to reduce or prevent precipitation of alkaline earth metal compounds from phosphate-, carbonate- and/or sulfate-containing aqueous coolants by adding at least one hard water stabilizer (D) with the criteria according to the invention to the aqueous coolants.
- D hard water stabilizer
- Component (B) causes the main freezing point depression in the coolants. Since it is about monomeric to tetrameric 1,2-ethylene glycols, 1,2-propylene glycols or, more rarely, 1,3-propylene glycols, preferably monomeric to trimeric 1,2-ethylene glycols or 1,2-propylene glycols, particularly preferably monomeric or dimeric 1,2-ethylene glycols, very particularly preferably monomeric 1,2-ethylene glycol, and in each case mixtures thereof.
- the alkylene glycol monoalkyl ethers are the mono-Ci-C4-alkyl ethers of the abovementioned alkylene glycols, preferably the monomethyl, ethyl or n-butyl ether, particularly preferably the monomethyl or n-butyl ether and very particularly preferably the mono methyl ether.
- Glycerol or glycerol oligomers are also possible components (B).
- Preferred alkylene glycol components or derivatives are in particular monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol and mixtures thereof, but also monopropylene glycol, dipropylene glycol and mixtures thereof, polyglycols, glycol ethers, for example monoethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, triethylene glycol monomethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monomethyl ether, monoethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, triethylene glycol monoethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol monoethyl ether, monoethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether and tetraethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, or glycerol alone or as mixtures thereof be used.
- glycol ethers for example monoethylene glycol monomethyl
- monoethylene glycol alone or mixtures of monoethylene glycol as the main component i.e. with a content in the mixture of more than 50% by weight, in particular more than 80% by weight, especially more than 95% by weight.
- monoethylene glycols or derivatives of alkylene glycols are particularly preferred.
- Anions (C) are those compounds which, together with alkaline earth metal ions, especially calcium or magnesium cations, can form precipitates in the concentrations present in coolants and under the conditions in the cooling system.
- the phosphates are used as the free acid (H 3 PO4), as hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate or phosphate, especially as alkali metal salts, particularly preferably as sodium or potassium salts.
- the acidic protons in the phosphates can be partially or completely replaced by alkali metal salts.
- H 3 PO4 free acid
- disodium hydrogen phosphate or trisodium phosphate is preferred.
- carbonates which can be present as alkali metal salts, preferably sodium or potassium salts, of carbonate or bicarbonate.
- sulfates which can be present as alkali metal salts, preferably sodium or potassium salts, of sulfate or hydrogen sulfate.
- Carbonates and/or sulfates are generally not added to the coolants or coolant concentrates, but are contained in the water (A) used for dilution.
- carbonates and/or phosphates are preferred, and phosphates are particularly preferred.
- the hard water stabilizer (D) contains, preferably consists of, at least one homo- or copolymer containing acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and/or maleic acid and/or itaconic acid in polymerized form, which has a weight-average molecular weight Mw determined by GPC of at least 3000 g/mol, preferably at least 3500, particularly preferably at least 4000 and very particularly preferably at least 4500 g/mol, and additionally a mass loss in the range from 200 to 300° C. of not more than 10, preferably not more than 8, particularly preferably not more than 7, very particularly preferably not more than 5, in particular not more than 3 and especially not more than 2% by weight.
- a homo- or copolymer which contains acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and/or maleic acid in polymerized form particularly preferably a homo- or copolymer which contains acrylic acid and/or maleic acid in polymerized form and very particularly preferably a homo- or copolymer containing acrylic acid in polymerized form.
- Both mono- and dicarboxylic acids are suitable, e.g. acrylic acid, metharyl acid, crotonic acid, vinyllactic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, aconitic acid, itaconic acid, mesaconic acid, citraconic acid and methylenemalonic acid.
- the carboxylic acids mentioned can be copolymerized with one another in any desired ratio. It is of course possible to copolymerize three or four different carboxylic acids with one another instead of two of the carboxylic acids mentioned.
- the carboxylic acids mentioned can optionally be subjected to polymerization with carboxyl-free copolymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
- Suitable comonomers which are used in the polymerization depending on the solubility of the copolymer formed, are, for example, amides, nitriles or esters of ethylenically unsaturated C3 to C8 carboxylic acids, for example acrylamide, methacrylamide, methyl acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl acrylate , Ethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate, hydroxypropyl acrylate, hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 1,4-butanediol monoacrylate, 1,4-butanediol mono(methjacrylate, dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, diethylaminoethyl acrylate , Diethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate, and vinyl est
- propylene styrene, methyl styrene and butadiene.
- the basic acrylates such as dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, are used either in the form of the salts or the quaternized compounds, e.g. quaternized with benzyl chloride or methyl chloride.
- This group of comonomers serves to modify the polymers containing carboxyl groups and makes up from 0 to 40% by weight of the structure of the copolymers.
- the monomers are polymerized in aqueous solution using polymerization initiators, preferably water-soluble initiators, e.g. N,N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride and 2,2'-azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanoic acid).
- polymerization initiators preferably water-soluble initiators, e.g. N,N'-dimethyleneisobutyramidine) dihydrochloride and 2,2'-azo-bis-(4-cyanopentanoic acid).
- the initiators are used either alone or in admixture, e.g., mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and sodium persulphate.
- organic peroxides, hydroperoxides and azo compounds which are only slightly soluble in water can also be used. Examples include the following connections:
- the monomers can also be polymerized using redox catalysts.
- redox catalysts for example, ascorbic acid, benzoin, dimethylaniline and optionally additionally soluble complexes and salts of heavy metals are used as reducing agents. As is known, this makes it possible to carry out the polymerization at a lower temperature.
- the temperatures during the polymerization are between 60 and 160°C, preferably between 80 and 130°C. At temperatures above 100° C., it is of course necessary for the polymerization to be carried out under pressure.
- the concentrations of monomers in the aqueous solutions are from 20 to 70% by weight, preferably from 35 to 60% by weight.
- the molecular weight Mw of the compounds (D) can be up to 100,000 g/mol, preferably up to 75,000, particularly preferably up to 50,000, very particularly preferably up to 25,000 and in particular up to 10,000 g/mol.
- An additional feature of the compounds (D) is a mass loss of the compounds (D) measured by thermogravimetry in the temperature range from 30 to 800 °C at a heating rate of 5 K/min in an argon atmosphere at a flow volume of 40 ml/min in the temperature range 200 to 300° C. of no more than 10, preferably no more than 8, particularly preferably no more than 7, very particularly preferably no more than 5, in particular no more than 3 and especially no more than 2% by weight.
- the behavior of the compounds in thermogravimetry is determined by the evaporation of the water in which the homo- or copolymer is found during production.
- the homo- or copolymer appears to thermally decompose under the described conditions of thermogravimetry.
- the temperature range from 200 to 300 °C shows a good correlation with the formation of precipitates, see below in the examples.
- Particularly preferred compounds (D) are homo- or copolymers containing acrylic acid in copolymerized form with a weight-average molecular weight Mw determined by GPC of at least 3500 g/mol to 25000 g/mol and a mass loss of not more than 3% by weight, very particularly preferably having an average molecular weight of at least 4000 g/mol to 10000 g/mol and a mass loss of not more than 2% by weight.
- the homo- and copolymers with the minimum molecular weights described have sufficient carboxyl groups as a measure of the degree of polymerization, with which the alkaline earth metal ions are complexed on the one hand and kept in solution in the aqueous medium on the other can become.
- the low mass loss according to thermogravimetry is a measure of the temperature stability of the hard water stabilizers in the critical temperature range in the cooling system when the coolant is exposed to increased wall temperatures.
- Stabilizers (D) are not significantly decomposed at the high wall temperatures of modern internal combustion engines, are therefore able to complex alkaline earth metal ions and keep them in solution and thus reduce or prevent precipitation of poorly soluble alkaline earth metal compounds.
- the other inhibitors and coolant-typical components are each independently of the other optional and selected from the group consisting of (E) azole compounds,
- azole derivatives (E) are five-membered heterocyclic compounds with 2 or 3 heteroatoms from the group consisting of nitrogen and sulfur, which contain no or at most one sulfur atom built into the ring and which can optionally carry an aromatic or saturated six-membered anellant .
- These five-membered heterocyclic compounds (azole derivatives) usually contain two N atoms and no S atom, 3 N atoms and no S atom, or one N atom and one S atom as hetero atoms.
- Preferred groups of the azole derivatives mentioned are fused imidazoles and fused 1,2,3-triazoles of the general formula or (iv) where the variable
- R is hydrogen or a C to C 10 alkyl radical, in particular methyl or ethyl, and the variable X is a nitrogen atom or the C-H group.
- a typical example of an azole derivative of the general formula (IV) is hydrogenated 1,2,3-
- Another preferred group of the azole derivatives mentioned are benzothiazoles of the general formula (V) in which the variable R has the meaning given above and the variable R' denotes hydrogen, a C to C 10 -alkyl radical, in particular methyl or ethyl, or in particular a mercapto group (-SH).
- R' can also be a carboxyalkyl radical of the formula --(C m H2 m )-COOR", where m is a number from 1 to 4 and R" is hydrogen or C to Cio-alkyl, in particular methyl or Ethyl, or C ß - means to Ci2-aryl.
- Examples thereof are (2-benzothiazylthio)acetic acid, (2-benzothiazylthio)acetic acid ester, 3-(2-benzothiazylthio)propionic acid or 3-(2-benzothiazylthio)propionic acid ester. If these compounds are used as acids, they do not belong to the carboxylic acids excluded according to the invention.
- a typical example of an azole derivative represented by general formula (V) is 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
- Benzimidazole, benzotriazole, tolutriazole, hydrogenated tolutriazole or mixtures thereof, in particular benzotriazole or tolutriazole, especially tolutriazole, are very particularly preferred as azole derivatives for the present invention.
- azole derivatives mentioned are commercially available or can be produced by conventional methods.
- Hydrogenated benzotriazoles such as hydrogenated tolutriazole are also accessible according to DE-A 1 948794 and are also commercially available.
- the azoles are preferably selected from the group consisting of benzotriazole, tolutriazole, (2-benzothiazylthio)acetic acid, 3-(2-benzothiazylthio)propionic acid and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole.
- the inorganic inhibitors (F) are silicates, borates, nitrates or molybdates, or mixtures thereof in the form of their free acids or their salts, especially their alkali metal salts, particularly preferably their sodium or potassium salts.
- the inorganic silicates act primarily as inhibitors of aluminum corrosion and are usually used as alkali metal salts or, more rarely, as magnesium, calcium or aluminum salts, preferably as sodium or potassium salts.
- the silicates are preferably selected from the group consisting of orthosilicates (SiC 4- ), metasilicates (SiCh 2- ), and pyrosilicates (ShO 6 ), particularly preferably metasilicates (S1O 3 H 2 ), very particularly preferably Sodium metasilicate (Na 2 SiC> 3 ) or potassium metasilicate (K 2 S1O 3 ), in particular sodium metasilicate (Na 2 SiC> 3 ).
- the coolants can also contain organic ortho-silicic acid esters of the general formula Si(OR) 4 , in which each R is independently Ci-C 4 -alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl or n-butyl, particularly preferably Methyl or ethyl or mixtures of methyl and ethyl.
- composition according to the invention contains at least one silicate, in a preferred embodiment at least one silicophosphonate is added in addition to the silicate. siert, as described in the unpublished European patent application with the
- the silicophosphonate is preferably a compound of the general formula wherein R 5 is a divalent organic radical, preferably a 1,w-alkylene group having 1 to 6, preferably 1 to 4, carbon atoms, particularly preferably methylene, 1,2-ethylene, 1,2-propylene, 1,3-propylene or 1,4-butylene, very particularly preferably 1,2-ethylene or 1,3-propylene and in particular 1,2-ethylene,
- R 6 independently of one another is hydrogen, C to C4-alkyl or hydroxy to C4-alkyl, preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl or tert- Butyl, 2-hydroxyethyl or 2-hydroxypropyl, particularly preferably hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or propyl, and R 7 is C to C4-alkyl, preferably methyl, ethyl, n-propyl or n-butyl, particularly preferably methyl, ethyl or n -Butyl, very particularly preferably methyl or ethyl and in particular methyl.
- the silicophosphonates can be used as the free acid or as an alkali metal salt, preferably as the sodium or potassium salt and particularly preferably as the sodium salt.
- the borates are preferably used as sodium tetraborate (borax) or as potassium tetraborate, particularly preferably as sodium tetraborate.
- the nitrates are used as alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, preferably as sodium nitrate, potassium nitrate or magnesium nitrate, preferably as sodium nitrate or potassium nitrate, particularly preferably as sodium nitrate.
- the components (F) are preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicates, borates or nitrates, particularly preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicates or nitrates.
- Organic carboxylic acids (G) are preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicates, borates or nitrates, particularly preferably at least one compound selected from the group consisting of silicates or nitrates.
- the organic carboxylic acids can be organic monocarboxylic acids (G1) or dicarboxylic acids (G2), preferably monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 18 carbon atoms and organic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
- Suitable monocarboxylic acids can see linear or branched aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic monocarboxylic acids having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably with 5 to 16, particularly preferably 5 to 15, very particularly preferably 6 to 12 and in particular special 8 to 10 carbon atoms.
- Branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids are preferred over the corresponding linear monocarboxylic acids.
- Suitable linear or branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids (F1) are propionic acid, pentanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylpropanoic acid, hexanoic acid, 2,2-dimethylbutanoic acid, cyclohexylacetic acid, octanoic acid, 2-ethylhexanoic acid, nonanoic acid, isononanoic acid, decanoic acid, undecanoic acid and dodecanoic acid.
- a particularly suitable aromatic monocarboxylic acid (F1) is benzoic acid, and C 1 -C 6 -alkylbenzoic acids such as o-, m-, p-methylbenzoic acid or p-tert-butylbenzoic acid are also suitable, as are hydroxy-containing aromatic monocarboxylic acids such as o-, m- , p-hydroxybenzoic acid, o-, m-, p-(hydroxymethyl)benzoic acid, or halobenzoic acids such as o-, m-, p-fluorobenzoic acid.
- Particularly preferred monocarboxylic acids are 2-ethylhexanoic acid and isononanoic acid.
- isononanoic acid describes one or more branched aliphatic monocarboxylic acids having 9 carbon atoms.
- Isomers of particular note are 7-methyloctanoic acid (e.g. CAS No. 693-19-6 and 26896-18-4), 6,6-dimethylheptanoic acid (e.g.
- Trimethylhexanoic acid 2,5,5-Trimethylhexanoic acid, 2,2,4,4-Tetramethylpentanoic acid (eg, CAS No. 3302-12-3) and mixtures containing such or mixtures thereof.
- an isononanoic acid isomer mixture contains more than 90% by weight of 7-methyloctanoic acid, 6,6-dimethylheptanoic acid, 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, 3,4,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, 2,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid as the main component and 2,2,4,4-tetramethylpentanoic acid.
- the balance is made up of other isomers of 9-carbon monocarboxylic acids and minor impurities.
- the isononanoic acid contains more than 90% by weight of 3,5,5-trimethylhexanoic acid, particularly preferably at least 95% by weight.
- G2 Organic dicarboxylic acid having 4 to 20 carbon atoms
- the organic dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 20 carbon atoms are linear or branched alkanedicarboxylic acids, preferably linear alkanedicarboxylic or alkenedicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably alkanedicarboxylic acids, particularly preferably having 5 to 14 and very particularly preferably having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- the dicarboxylic acids (G2) are preferably selected from the group consisting of succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid (heptanedioic acid), azelaic acid (nonanedioic acid), sebacic acid (decanedioic acid), undecanedioic acid, dodecanedioic acid, and alkyl and alkenylsuccinic acids and -glutaric acids such as 2-methylbutanedioic acid, 2-ethyl-3-methylbutanedioic acid, 2-ethylpentanedioic acid, 2-dodecylbutanedioic acid, 2-dodecenylbutanedioic acid,
- Trimethylpentanedioic acid 2,2,3-trimethylpentanedioic acid, glutaconic acid (pent-2-enedioic acid), Ita- conic acid, 2-hexenedioic acid, 3-hexenedioic acid, 5-methyl-2-hexenedioic acid and 2,3-dimethyl-pent-2-enedioic acid.
- dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms preferred are the dicarboxylic acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferred among these are the alkanedicarboxylic acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, particularly preferred are the linear alkanedicarboxylic acids having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.
- Adipic acid, sebacic acid, azelaic acid and dodecanedioic acid are particularly preferred as dicarboxylic acids (G2).
- composition according to the invention can also contain defoamers in the usual small amounts (usually in amounts of 0.003 to 0.008% by weight in the ready-diluted coolant) and, for reasons of hygiene and safety, in the event of swallowing, bitter substances (e.g. B. of the denatonium benzoate type) and dyes.
- defoamers in the usual small amounts (usually in amounts of 0.003 to 0.008% by weight in the ready-diluted coolant) and, for reasons of hygiene and safety, in the event of swallowing, bitter substances (e.g. B. of the denatonium benzoate type) and dyes.
- the pH of the finished coolant is usually in the range from 4 to 11.5, preferably
- the coolants therefore optionally contain an amount of inorganic base which, when diluted appropriately, adjusts the desired pH value in the coolant.
- the compositions according to the invention preferably contain alkali metal hydroxide, particularly preferably solid lithium, sodium or potassium hydroxide, optionally also in the form of aqueous lithium, sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide solution.
- Carbonates or bicarbonates of lithium, sodium or potassium are less preferred.
- Preferred alkali metals are sodium and potassium.
- the coolants are composed as follows:
- alkylene glycol alkylene glycol monoalkyl ether and glycerol (B)
- inorganic compound (F) selected from the group consisting of silicates, borates, nitrates and molybdates
- concentrates are usually sold in which the water content is omitted or greatly reduced.
- the coolants are produced by the end user from the concentrates by adding water (A), preferably by adding half to twice the volume of water, particularly preferably by adding the same volume of water.
- a further object of the present invention is coolant concentrates, which are typically composed as follows: - no more than 15, preferably no more than 10 and particularly preferably no more than 5
- inorganic compound (F) selected from the group consisting of silicates, boric ten, nitrates and molybdates
- the superconcentrates differ from the concentrates in that the component (B) is completely or partially missing, so that the other components are present in a correspondingly higher concentration.
- the concentrates are thus obtained in the above-mentioned concentration from such super-concentrates by admixing component (B).
- compositions described are used as coolants for the removal of
- another object of the present invention is a cooling method for internal combustion engines, in which heat is transferred from a heat source at a higher temperature via at least a first heat exchanger to a coolant, this Coolant is conducted in a cooling circuit to at least one second heat exchanger and there heat is removed from the coolant at a lower temperature, in which
- the higher temperature is from 60 to 300 °C, preferably from 70 to 280, particularly preferably from 80 to 250 °C,
- the lower temperature is from minus 50 to 100 °C, preferably minus 40 to 90, particularly preferably minus 30 to 80 °C and
- the lower temperature is at least 50 °C lower than the higher temperature.
- the higher temperature is preferably the wall temperature of internal combustion engines, for example in vehicles that are only operated with an internal combustion engine or in hybrid vehicles made from electric vehicles with fuel cells and/or batteries with internal combustion engines.
- Another subject of the present invention are vehicles with an internal combustion engine or a hybrid of fuel cells and/or batteries with internal combustion engines where the cooling system for cooling the internal combustion engine contains the coolant according to the invention.
- the lower temperature is preferably the ambient temperature with which the heated coolant is brought into contact in the second heat exchanger.
- Another object of the present invention is a general method for increasing the heat transfer at a high wall temperature located on a surface that is cooled with a phosphate, carbonate and / or sulfate-containing aqueous coolant in which the phosphate, carbonate and / or sulphate-containing aqueous coolant contains a hard water stabilizer (D), which is at least one homo- or copolymer which contains acrylic acid and/or methacrylic acid and/or maleic acid and/or itaconic acid in polymerized form, a per Weight-average molecular weight Mw determined by GPC of at least 3000 g/mol, preferably at least 3500, particularly preferably at least 4000 and very particularly preferably at least 4500 g/mol, and a mass loss in the temperature range from 200 to 300° C. of not more than 10, preferably not more than 8, particularly preferably not more than 7, very particularly preferably not more than 5, in particular not
- hard water stabilizers which are homo- or copolymers containing acrylic acid and/or Methacrylic acid and/or maleic acid and/or itaconic acid in polymerized form, a weight-average molecular weight Mw determined by GPC of at least 3000 g/mol, preferably at least 3500, particularly preferably at least 4000 and very particularly preferably at least 4500 g/mol, and a mass loss in the temperature range from 200 to 300 ° C of not more than 10, preferably not more than 8, more preferably not more than 7, very preferably not more than 5, in particular not more than 3 and especially not more than 2% by weight in aqueous coolants, in particular in phosphate, carbonate and/or sulfate (C)-containing aqueous coolants.
- D hard water stabilizers
- MHTA test according to FW - test specification according to booklet R 530/2005
- the modular hot test facility (MHTA) was developed at the Institute for Materials Science at the TU Darmstadt.
- MHTA modular hot test system
- test specimen used was not the test specimen described under 8.2.1, but a test specimen with a central cooling channel with a diameter of approx. 3.4 mm. These specimens are obtained commercially from TheSys GmbH based in Jordantellinsfurt.
- the MHTA designed as a circulatory system (see Figure 1), consists of several modularly replaceable test modules, which can be used to simulate practical stress conditions and cycles.
- Coolant can be varied independently using different coolants.
- the MHTA - by controlling the coolant flow temperature via the cooling section - constantly high heat flow densities can be achieved on the heating surfaces even at low coolant flow temperatures (Christina Berger, Torsten Trossmann, Markus Kaiser, MTZ 2008, 02, volume 69, page 148).
- the measurement accuracy of this method is approx. +/- 2 °C.
- Coolant formulations used (in % by weight or ppm by weight) The aqueous coolant was prepared from this by dilution with the same volume of water of the hardness specified in Table 2, to which a further 0.3% by weight of the hard water stabilizers specified in Table 2 in the form of a 50% aqueous solution were added.
- HWS Hard water stabilizers
- the hard water stabilizers used are commercially available polyacrylic acid or polycarboxylate copolymers whose molecular weight and the result Am from thermogravimetry are given in Table 1:
- Example 1 was performed with distilled water to determine the effect of thermal stressing the coolant in the absence of Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ cations.
- a chemical analysis of the coating showed that it consisted of a mixture of calcium phosphate and magnesium phosphate.
- hard water stabilizers HWS1 and HWS4 according to the invention are used, which meet both criteria (molecular weight and thermogravimetry).
- the starting temperature corresponds to that of example 1 within the scope of the measuring accuracy and also only increases by +10° C. or +2° C. in the course of the test.
- Example 6 Example 6 or hardly (Example 2) beyond that of the blank sample (Example 1).
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21164163 | 2021-03-23 | ||
| PCT/EP2022/056919 WO2022200155A1 (de) | 2021-03-23 | 2022-03-17 | Kühlmittel mit verbesserter temperaturstabilität |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4314188A1 true EP4314188A1 (de) | 2024-02-07 |
Family
ID=75173073
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP22710128.4A Pending EP4314188A1 (de) | 2021-03-23 | 2022-03-17 | Kühlmittel mit verbesserter temperaturstabilität |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20240110088A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4314188A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP2024513359A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20230158510A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN117062894A (de) |
| BR (1) | BR112023019295A2 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3214591A1 (de) |
| MX (1) | MX2023011237A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2022200155A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4484519A1 (de) | 2023-06-28 | 2025-01-01 | Basf Se | Neue anwendungen für kühlmittel |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1948794A1 (de) | 1969-09-26 | 1971-04-01 | Rhein Chemie Rheinau Gmbh | 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrobenzotriazole,Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung und ihre Verwendung als Korrosionsinhibitoren |
| EP0524546A3 (en) * | 1991-07-23 | 1993-03-31 | Basf Corporation | Antifreeze/coolant additive |
| DE10222102A1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-27 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Kühlen eines Verbrennungsmotors |
| WO2005052086A1 (ja) * | 2003-11-26 | 2005-06-09 | Shishiai-Kabushikigaisha | 冷却液組成物 |
| EP1928973B1 (de) * | 2005-08-12 | 2011-11-30 | Honeywell International Inc. | Verfahren zur stabilisierung eines motorkühlmittelkonzentrats und zur verhinderung der salzbildung mit hartem wasser bei der verdünnung |
| US8617416B1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-12-31 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
| US9080093B2 (en) * | 2013-02-13 | 2015-07-14 | Basf Se | Antifreeze concentrate with corrosion protection and aqueous coolant composition produced therefrom |
-
2022
- 2022-03-17 CN CN202280022216.0A patent/CN117062894A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-17 MX MX2023011237A patent/MX2023011237A/es unknown
- 2022-03-17 EP EP22710128.4A patent/EP4314188A1/de active Pending
- 2022-03-17 BR BR112023019295A patent/BR112023019295A2/pt unknown
- 2022-03-17 WO PCT/EP2022/056919 patent/WO2022200155A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2022-03-17 CA CA3214591A patent/CA3214591A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-17 US US18/551,803 patent/US20240110088A1/en active Pending
- 2022-03-17 JP JP2023558408A patent/JP2024513359A/ja active Pending
- 2022-03-17 KR KR1020237032542A patent/KR20230158510A/ko active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20230158510A (ko) | 2023-11-20 |
| CN117062894A (zh) | 2023-11-14 |
| US20240110088A1 (en) | 2024-04-04 |
| JP2024513359A (ja) | 2024-03-25 |
| CA3214591A1 (en) | 2022-09-29 |
| MX2023011237A (es) | 2023-10-03 |
| BR112023019295A2 (pt) | 2023-10-31 |
| WO2022200155A1 (de) | 2022-09-29 |
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