Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/388—Separate connecting elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
  • E04B1/3211—Structures with a vertical rotation axis or the like, e.g. semi-spherical structures
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
  • E04B1/5825—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section
  • E04B1/5831—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements with a closed cross-section of substantially rectangular form
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/19—Three-dimensional framework structures
  • E04B1/1903—Connecting nodes specially adapted therefor
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2415—Brackets, gussets, joining plates
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2433—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts using a removable key
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2439—Adjustable connections, e.g. using elongated slots or threaded adjustment elements
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2451—Connections between closed section profiles
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/24—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of metal
  • E04B1/2403—Connection details of the elongated load-supporting parts
  • E04B2001/2457—Beam to beam connections
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
  • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B2001/2616—Hinged connections of wooden members
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/18—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons
  • E04B1/26—Structures comprising elongated load-supporting parts, e.g. columns, girders, skeletons the supporting parts consisting of wood
  • E04B1/2604—Connections specially adapted therefor
  • E04B2001/2644—Brackets, gussets or joining plates
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/32—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures
  • E04B2001/3235—Arched structures; Vaulted structures; Folded structures having a grid frame
  • E04B2001/3241—Frame connection details
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/388—Separate connecting elements
  • E04B2001/389—Brackets
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E04—BUILDING
  • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
  • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
  • E04B1/38—Connections for building structures in general
  • E04B1/58—Connections for building structures in general of bar-shaped building elements
  • E04B2001/5868—Hinged connections

Definitions

• the invention relates to a framework comprising bent sections which intersect to jointly delimit a curved surface, being secured to each other by fasteners.
• the sections are deformed in their elastic range to follow curved shapes, and they are secured to each other at their intersections so as to jointly constitute a rigid structure delimiting the shape of a surface.
• curved such as a dome shape.
• the fasteners which secure the elastically bent sections together give the assembly the required mechanical rigidity, this structure once in place having a potential energy corresponding to the elastic deformation of the sections which compose it.
• a profile when viewed in a cross-sectional plane, a profile has an axis 11 of greatest quadratic moment, and another axis 12 perpendicular to 11 having a quadratic moment less than or equal to its quadratic moment with respect to axis 11.
• the axis of greatest quadratic moment 11 corresponds to that around which the profile has the greatest bending stiffness.
• axis 11 extends parallel to the narrowest sides of the profile, and axis 12, which corresponds to that for which the profile has the lowest rigidity, extends parallel to the sides. the widest.
• sections with a non-round section such as sections with a rectangular section, made of steel, of composite material, or other.
• One possibility is to arrange the profiles so that they follow so-called geodesic curves of the surface to be delimited, a curve being geodesic if at each of its points, the normal to the surface coincides with the normal to the curve when it is defined .
• each section of a gridshell with geodesic lines is curved in bending around the axis of weakest quadratic moment of their section.
• each section is thus arranged so that its widest sides extend parallel to the surface, its narrowest sides extending perpendicular to the latter.
• the mechanical rigidity is conditioned by the weakest quadratic moment of the section of the sections used, which is penalizing for the dimensioning of these sections and therefore of the structure. Therefore, it may be necessary to stack several longitudinal or transverse sections to obtain the required mechanical rigidity.
• Another possibility consists in arranging the sections so that they follow so-called asymptotic curves of the surface to be delimited, a curve being asymptotic if at each point of the latter, the curvature of the surface, in a plane containing the tangent to the curve and the normal to the surface, is zero.
• each section is arranged so that its widest sides extend perpendicularly to the surface, its narrowest sides extending parallel to this surface.
• the mechanical rigidity is conditioned by the highest moment of inertia of the section of the sections used, which is advantageous in terms of dimensioning of the sections and therefore of the structure.
• asymptotic curves limits the variety of surfaces that can be delimited by an asymptotic gridshell: they are limited to surfaces with negative Gaussian curvature, which does not allow, for example, to mesh a curved surface such as a surface spherical or domed surface.
• the object of the invention is to provide a solution making it possible to constitute a gridshell which can delimit a wide variety of surfaces and leading to an advantageous dimensioning of the sections used.
• the subject of the invention is a clip for securing two sections together, comprising two half-clips linked to each other by a fixed pivot-type connection allowing a half-clip to pivot relative to the other about a pivot axis, each half-attachment comprising a member for fixing a section which is inclined relative to the pivot axis.
• Such an attachment makes it possible to maintain a profile inclined with respect to a surface that this profile contributes to delimit, so that the profiles can follow curves of the pseudo-geodesic type, which makes it possible to delimit a wide variety of surfaces including in particular surfaces with positive Gaussian curvature, such as domed surfaces.
• the invention also relates to a fastener thus defined, in which the inclination of each fastener member relative to the pivot axis is adjustable.
• each half-clip comprises a base and a bracket carrying the fixing member, the bracket being linked to the base by a fixed pivot type link allowing its rotation relative to the base around an axis of rotation normal to the pivot axis of the attachment, and a system for locking the inclination of the peg relative to the pivot axis.
• the invention also relates to a fastener thus defined, in which the hook comprises two flanges extending on either side of the base, these two flanges each having an edge rigidly secured to the fixing member, these two flanges being linked to the base by the pivot connection, each flange comprising an edge in the form of an arc of a circle centered on the pivot connection with holes regularly spaced along this edge, the locking system comprising a pin which can engage together in a hole in each flange and in a hole in the base.
• the invention also relates to a fastener thus defined, in which the inclination of the fastening members with respect to the pivot axis is adjustable over an angular range extending from 0° to 90°.
• the invention also relates to a fastener thus defined, in which the fastening member has the shape of a jaw delimited by two flat portions spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the profile to be maintained.
• the invention also relates to a frame delimiting a curved surface comprising first elastically bent sections and second elastically bent sections intersecting the first sections, in which the sections are fixed to each other by fasteners thus defined.
• the invention also relates to a framework thus defined, in which the sections are hollow sections with a rectangular section.
• the invention also relates to a framework thus defined, comprising sections which are strips of constant width.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a rectangular section profile
• Figure 2 is a perspective view of the clip according to the invention.
• Figure 3 is a side view of the clip according to the invention.
• Figure 4 is a side view of an example of a domed gridshell established in accordance with the invention
• Figure 5 is a front view of an example of a domed gridshell established in accordance with the invention
• Figure 6 is a top view of an example of a domed gridshell constructed in accordance with the invention.
• the basic idea of the invention is to establish a mesh of the left surface by means of sections following pseudo-geodesic curves of the surface which they delimit, these sections crossing while being fixed to each other by so as to jointly constitute a rigid mesh.
• a curve is pseudo-geodesic when at any point of it, the normal to the curve forms a non-zero constant angle with the normal to the surface.
• the pseudo-geodesic curves make it possible to delimit a greater variety of surfaces, these surfaces being able in particular to have a negative or positive Gaussian curvature as for example in the case of a dome shape.
• the sections follow pseudo-geodesic curves of the surface which they delimit by being deformed in bending and/or in torsion in their elastic domain.
• these profiles are secured to each other at each crossing by specific fasteners ensuring that each profile is held at a predetermined inclination with respect to the surface.
• fasteners used are advantageously all identical and of the type of fastener shown in Figures 2 and 3 where it is marked 1.
• This attachment 1 comprises two identical half-attachments 2 and 3 which are mounted head to tail while being coupled to each other by a connection of the fixed pivot type 4, of axis AX, each half-attachment being symmetrical with the other relative to the center of the pivot link 4.
• the half-attachment 2 comprises a base 6 comprising a tubular portion 7 oriented along the axis AX, which carries a hook 8 formed of two flat flanges 9 and 10 secured to each other by a fixing member 11, the hook 8 having an adjustable orientation with respect to the base 6.
• the two flanges 9 and 10 are flat and extend parallel to each other on either side of the base 6.
• Each flange 9, 10 is a flat sheet metal plate having an outline in the shape of a sector angular.
• This contour comprises a first rectilinear edge 12 and a second rectilinear edge 13 joined together at a vertex S, and an arcuate edge 14 having the shape of an arc of a circle centered on the vertex S, this arcuate edge connecting the two ends of the edges 12 and 13 which are opposite the vertex S.
• the rectilinear edges 12 and 13 form between them an angle close to the right angle.
• These two flanges are arranged at a distance from each other facing each other, the flange 10 being the image of the flange 9 by a translation in a direction normal to the plane of the flange 10, over a distance corresponding to the diameter of the tubular portion 7.
• this binding 11 essentially comprises a plate folded into a U-shape to form two flat portions 16 and 17, rectangular and parallel, which are spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the profile to receive, and which have a length, counted in the direction of the second edges to which they are fixed, which corresponds to the width of this profile.
• this attachment 11 receives a profile 18 which is of the “flat” type, that is to say formed of an initially flat strip, metallic or of composite material or other.
• the hook 8 is secured to the base 6 by a connection of the fixed pivot type 5, of axis AY normal to the axis AX located at the top S, which allows adjust the orientation of the hook 8 with respect to the base 6, this orientation being immobilized by a locking system.
• the flanges 9 and 10 include along their arcuate edges a series of holes 19 regularly distributed along this edge, and the portion tubular of the base 6 carries at its end furthest from the pivot connection 4 a spacer 21 rigidly secured to the free end of the tubular portion 7 and which is traversed by a bore oriented parallel to the axis AY.
• the blocking of the hook 8 relative to the base 6 is ensured by positioning the hook at the desired angular position by rotating it around the axis AY, until placing one of the holes 19 of the flange 10 opposite the through hole of the spacer 21 to engage through the hole and the hole a locking pin 22.
• the inclination adjustment of the peg is possible over a range extending from 0° to 90°.
• the fixing 11 extends parallel to the axis AX, that is to say perpendicular to the surface delimited by the gridshell, which corresponds to a limit case of profile following an asymptotic curve .
• the fixing 11 extends perpendicular to the axis AX, that is to say parallel to the surface delimited by the gridshell, which corresponds to another limit case of a following section a geodesic curve.
• the inclination of the attachment 11 corresponds to the inclination of the axis of weakest quadratic moment of the section that this attachment 11 receives, relative to the axis AX of pivoting of the half-attachments which coincides with the normal to the surface delimited by the sections constituting the gridshell.
• the binding 11 essentially comprises two flat portions 16 and 17 which delimit a kind of U-shaped jaw in which the profile engages. Additionally, this attachment 11 may comprise snap-fastening claws ensuring that the profile cannot come out of the attachment 11 once it has been engaged therein. Additionally, or alternatively, the profile can be secured to the fixing by gluing, riveting, bolting or any other appropriate means.
• the fixing 11 has the shape of a jaw intended to enclose the profile which it receives, but this fixing can also be reduced to a simple plate to which is fixed a side of the profile which it is meant to receive.
• a gridshell according to the invention consists in determining the surface to be delimited by the sections.
• a dome-shaped surface 23 has been chosen having, as can be seen in Figure 4, a length L greater than its width I which appears in Figure 5, this dome shape approaching that of a portion of an ellipsoid of revolution.
• a set of pseudo-geodesic curves comprising on the one hand curves extending essentially along a longitudinal direction on this surface, and on the other hand curves extending essentially along a transverse direction on this surface, is then determined.
• the longitudinal curves are chosen to be spaced as evenly as possible from each other, and likewise for the transverse curves which intersect these longitudinal curves.
• the surface and the curves are defined by successive calculations carried out on a numerical modeling of the structure.
• a three-dimensional frame having the role of a template is advantageously constructed to receive the sections to delimit the surface.
• Transverse sections 24 are then inclined, bent, positioned and fixed on this frame in accordance with the previously determined three-dimensional longitudinal pseudo-geodesic curves.
• the frame is equipped with appropriate fastening systems for the sections, these systems possibly being of the same type as the fasteners according to the invention.
• the gridshell's own fasteners are fixed to the transverse sections carried by the frame, at each point of intersection with a longitudinal pseudo-geodesic curve, these intersection points having been previously identified and located.
• the inclination of one of the hooks is adjusted to the angle corresponding to the transverse profile to which this hook is fixed, and the second hook of this fastener is adjusted to the angle of inclination of the longitudinal profile that it is meant to receive.
• the inclination of a profile with respect to the surface is the same all along this profile, but two profiles can have different inclinations with respect to the surface.
• the hook settings may be different on each fastener.
• the longitudinal sections 26 can be positioned, tilted and flexed in accordance with the previously defined longitudinal pseudo-geodesic curves, and they are fixed to the transverse sections by the fasteners which were fixed thereto in the previous step.
• the transverse sections can be separated from the fixing systems by which they were secured to the three-dimensional frame.
• the gridshell is constituted, that is to say that it can for example be handled in order to be transported from the frame to the load-bearing structure of a building intended to receive it.
• each longitudinal section is inclined at a certain angle with respect to the dome-shaped surface so as to follow a pseudo-geodesic curve, the inclination of one of the longitudinal sections having been identified by "alpha". in FIG. 5.
• each transverse section has, with respect to the domed surface, a predetermined inclination corresponding to the adjustment of the angles of the pegs which ensure its maintenance.
• each clip has its pivot axis oriented perpendicular to the surface of the gridshell.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Electromagnetism (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Clamps And Clips (AREA)
• Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)
• Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
• Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
• Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)
• Prostheses (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=76034748

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Family Cites Families (3)

• 2021
  • 2021-03-17 FR FR2102666A patent/FR3120881B1/fr active Active
• 2022
  • 2022-03-14 EP EP22713712.2A patent/EP4308770A1/de active Pending
  • 2022-03-14 CA CA3208229A patent/CA3208229A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-03-14 WO PCT/FR2022/050455 patent/WO2022195209A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2022-03-14 US US18/550,144 patent/US20240218654A1/en active Pending
  • 2022-03-14 AU AU2022239885A patent/AU2022239885A1/en active Pending

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