EP4302883A1 - Screening device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a sieving device (1), comprising a sieve box (2) which can be set in vibration (9) by a drive (3) and has at least one sieving surface (10), as well as a sieving device (30) for feeding sieving material (S) onto a sieve Feed location (A1) onto the at least one sieve surface (10), the at least one sieve surface (10) having a sieve length (17) when viewed in an intended longitudinal conveying direction (R) of the material to be screened (S), the feed location (A1,A2,A3 ,A4) can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) with respect to the at least one sieve surface (10). In addition, within the scope of the invention, a system (50) is specified, which system (50) has a screening device (1), at least one sorting device (60, 70) arranged downstream of the screening device (1), and a control device (80) for variable setting of a delivery location (A1,A2,A3,A4).

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to a screening device according to the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, within the scope of the invention, a system comprising a screening device according to the invention and at least one downstream sorting device is specified.

STATE OF THE ART

Sieving machines are already known from the prior art, in which, in the operating state, a movably mounted, for example a spring-mounted, sieve box and an additional oscillating frame are set into vibration by means of an unbalance drive, with flexible sieve mats attached to cross beams being alternately stretched and compressed in order to ensure that they are free of blockages to ensure screening. When sieving material to be screened with a particle size distribution or grain size distribution, one or more separating cuts can be achieved when sieving the particle mixture or grain mixture with this type of sieving machine, although the separating cuts are predetermined by the corresponding sieve hole widths or mesh sizes in the respective installed sieve coverings.

The term “separation cut” is understood by a person skilled in the field of screening technology to mean the particle size or grain size of the screening material or feed material in which the proportions of oversize in the fine material and undersize in the coarse material are approximately the same size. The screen hole widths or mesh sizes of a screening machine should be selected slightly larger than the desired nominal separation cut. The term “oversize” in fines refers to that portion of the screening material whose grain size is larger than the nominal separation cut. The term “undersize” is defined as that portion of the screening material whose grain size is smaller than the nominal separation cut. These proportions are determined by sieve analysis using appropriate standardized test sieves.

In a continuously operating sieving machine with a continuous supply of screening material or feed material, the coarse material separated off during operation forms a substantially continuously accumulating coarse grain stream, and the separated fine material forms a substantially continuously accumulating fine grain stream.

However, the disadvantage of the above-mentioned type of screening machines is that a desired change in the separating cuts requires replacing the currently used screen coverings with screen coverings with comparatively smaller or larger hole widths. However, this requires an interruption of operations with usually complex conversion work.

Such known screening machines can preferably be used for fractionating product streams for sorting machines, in particular for optical sorting machines, the separating cut position being selected such that, for example, two sorting machines downstream of a screening machine are each fed with different size fractions of the screening material in such a way that the best possible sorting result is achieved can be. For example, in such a constellation, a first grain size fraction with particle sizes of the material to be screened, for example of 5-15 mm, can be sieved by a sieving machine and fed to a first, downstream sorting machine adapted for this purpose, while a second grain size fraction with particle sizes of the material to be screened, for example, of 15-40 mm, which sieved by the screening machine, can be fed to a specially adapted, second downstream sorting machine.

In general, a better screening result can be achieved by adjusting the residence time in addition to the appropriate choice of cutting position. The longer the residence time of the material to be screened in a screening machine that is set as optimally as possible, the better the separation performance or efficiency of the screening machine achieved. In summary, the separation performance or efficiency of a screening machine, particularly with screening material that is easy to screen or free-flowing, can be influenced, among other things, by the appropriate choice of the following parameters: Screen hole width or Mesh size of the sieve used, sieve covering, sieving duration, sieve inclination, sieve length and type of vibrations.

In practice, however, the grain sizes in the screenings vary greatly during operation, for example when processing waste glass, in particular in a range of higher fine grain content or higher proportion of fine material and / or in a range of higher coarse grain content or higher proportion of coarse material. Such deviations in the grain size distribution of the material to be screened subsequently lead to a shift in quantity on the downstream optical sorting machines, which can result, for example, in an undesirable overload of the fine material strand of a sorting machine with a correspondingly worsened sorting result. At the same time, in such a case, the coarse material strand of the sorting machine is hardly loaded with coarse grain and is therefore not used optimally. This reduces the overall system performance of a system combination consisting of a screening machine and downstream sorting machines, with the overall sorting quality also decreasing. However, these disadvantages can only be remedied if the entire system combination is shut down, the corresponding screen linings in the screening machine are replaced and the separating cut is adapted accordingly to the current operating conditions of the respective sorting task, which increases the availability of such a screening machine or a system combination consisting of a screening machine and one or more downstream sorting machines, however, are greatly reduced.

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and to propose a screening device in which the separation performance of the screening device can be adapted as flexibly as possible to changing screening goods or screening material compositions or to changed tasks during ongoing operation of the screening device , without the need for operational interruptions and corresponding conversion work such as replacing screen coverings. A further object of the invention is to provide a screening device with which at least one separating cut for a fine grain stream and a Coarse grain flow can be variably adapted to changing screening goods or screening material compositions during ongoing operation of the screening device.

Within the scope of the invention, a system is also to be specified which comprises a screening device and at least one sorting device downstream of the screening device, with the system providing the best possible loading of the downstream sorting device even when the material to be screened changes and thus the highest possible system performance, system flexibility and system availability system should be guaranteed.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved with a screening device according to the invention according to claim 1. Further advantageous optional embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims and the description.

According to the invention, a sieve device comprises a sieve box which can be set into vibration with a drive and has at least one sieve surface, as well as a sieve feed device for feeding sieve material at a feed location onto the at least one sieve surface, the at least one sieve surface having a sieve length when viewed in an intended longitudinal conveying direction of the sieve material, whereby the feed location in the longitudinal conveying direction can be variably adjusted in relation to the at least one sieve surface.

It is particularly advantageous that, if necessary, the feed location of the material to be screened can be adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to at least one screen surface during operation of the screening device according to the invention without interruptions in operation in order to be able to adapt the achievable separation performance or the efficiency of the screening machine as flexibly as possible to the respective separation task. By variable adjustment of the respective feed location in the longitudinal conveying direction, the available screen area or screen length and, as a result, the screening time or the residence time of the screening material for the respective screening task can be reduced or increased.

For this purpose, the screening material feeding device can in principle be arranged either rigidly or stationary in relation to at least one sieve surface, with corresponding closable discharge openings such as flaps, slides, and the like being able to be arranged in the screening material feeding device, for example, in such a way that by appropriately opening or adjusting the screen for the respective Separating task suitable discharge openings of the screening material feed device, the feed location of the screening material suitable for the individual screening task can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction in relation to the screening surface under consideration.

Alternatively, the screening material feeding device can be arranged to be relatively movable in the longitudinal conveying direction in relation to the at least one screening surface. For this purpose, for example, the screening material feeding device can be designed to be movably displaceable or movable in relation to the screening device in the longitudinal conveying direction in order to be able to variably adjust the respective desired feeding location of the screening material feeding device in the longitudinal conveying direction in relation to the at least one screening surface.

Depending on the design, in a screening device according to the invention, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction of the material to be screened, the at least one screen surface can be preceded by a fine screen surface for fine screening of the material to be screened.

The position information used below of parts or components of the screening device according to the invention or of a system comprising such a screening device, such as the terms "top", "bottom", "above", "below", "front", "back", "side". ", "inside", "outside" and the like, essentially serve to better understand the invention, in particular to indicate the position or arrangement of the corresponding parts or components in connection with the following drawings. In any case, such position information is familiar to those skilled in the field of screening technology and does not limit the present invention.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, in a screening device, the screening surface can extend in the longitudinal conveying direction from a feed side facing the screening material feeding device to a discharge side opposite the feed side, the feed location being variably adjustable in the longitudinal conveying direction between the feed side and the discharge side of the at least one sieve surface.

In order to obtain a particularly compact sieving device, according to this embodiment variant of the invention, the feed location of the screening material feeding device for feeding screening material onto the at least one sieve surface is selected so that the screening material feed is between the feed side and the delivery side of the at least one sieve surface and thus directly onto the corresponding sieve surface the screening device takes place.

Corresponding to the variable setting in the longitudinal conveying direction of the feed location for feeding screening material onto the at least one screening surface, the effective screening surface can also be adjusted variably. The term “effective sieve surface” is understood to mean the area portion of the at least one sieve surface that is available for screening material separation.

It can be particularly useful if, in a screening device according to the invention, a position of the screening device in the longitudinal conveying direction can be adjusted in relation to the at least one screening surface. In this embodiment, the screening device is arranged to be relatively movable in relation to the screening surface in order to be able to adapt the achievable separation performance and the efficiency of the screening device to different separation tasks as flexibly as possible.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, in a screening device, the screening device feeding device can comprise a conveyor device which is adjustable in the longitudinal conveying direction, with a variable position of a free end of the conveying device determining the respective feeding location for feeding the screening material onto the at least one screening surface.

For this purpose, the conveying device of the screening material feeding device can, for example, be arranged either rigidly or stationary in relation to the screening material feeding device, provided that the screening material feeding device is arranged to be relatively movable in relation to at least one screening surface of the screening device.

Alternatively, the conveyor device can be arranged to be relatively movable in relation to the screening material feeding device, regardless of whether the screening material feeding device itself is arranged to be stationary or relatively movable in relation to the at least one screening surface of the screening device. The invention also includes, for example, those embodiments of a screening device in which, for example, for the rough adjustment of the respective desired feed location, the screening material feed device as a whole can be adjusted in a first section in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the sieve surface, and the fine adjustment of the feed location with regard to the longitudinal conveying direction is then carried out Corresponding adjustment of the individually suitable position of the conveyor device, for example a conveyor belt, a conveyor trough, a swivel chute, or the like, takes place relative to the screening device. Combinations that can be moved telescopically relative to one another and have a screening device that can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the at least one sieve surface, which in turn comprises a conveyor that can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the screening device, are also conceivable within the scope of the invention.

A particularly flexible screening device can be obtained if the conveyor device is or comprises a conveyor belt. The conveyor belt can expediently be adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the at least one screen surface. In the case of a conveyor belt, the respective variably adjustable position of the front free end of the conveyor belt advantageously determines the respective feed location for feeding the material to be screened onto the at least one screen surface.

Depending on the selected conveying speed of the conveyor belt, on the selected height of the free end of the conveyor belt above the at least one sieve surface, on the inclination of the Conveyor belt and / or the nature of the feed material supplied, the feed material can be transferred from the front free end of the conveyor belt approximately in the form of a throwing parabola to the underlying screening surface of the screening device. In this case, the selected position of the front free end of the conveyor belt can deviate from the respective feed location of the material to be screened on the sieve surface when viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction, with the deviation between the position of the front free end of the conveyor belt and the feed location on the sieve surface viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction being approximately the extent of a Throwing parabola corresponds to the horizontal throwing of the material to be screened.

In order to ensure that the material to be screened is transferred as precisely as possible from the conveyor device or from the conveyor belt to a specific delivery location on the sieve surface, it may be expedient to arrange suitable chutes below the corresponding conveyor device or below the conveyor belt. Such chutes can be designed, for example, as chutes, downpipes or funnels and are used for the directed transport of the material to be screened from the free end of the conveyor device or the conveyor belt to the selected or specific feed location on the at least one screen surface.

Within the scope of the invention, several conveyor belts can also be used as conveying devices in a screening device. The control and regulation of the displacement or adjustment of the position of the respective front free conveyor belt end can be carried out with automation support from a control device for one conveyor belt or, if necessary, for several conveyor belts.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the conveying device of the screening device can be a conveyor trough or comprise a conveyor trough. It can be particularly useful if the conveyor device is or includes a conveyor trough which is adjustable in length in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the at least one sieve surface. For example, variants of a conveyor trough with foldable, length-adjustable, extendable, telescopically extendable and/or attachable ones can be used Conveyor trough sections may be included in this embodiment of the invention. Such conveyor troughs have the advantage of being able to be manufactured in a particularly robust design and inexpensively, which is why the ongoing operating and maintenance costs for a screening device that is equipped with a conveyor device in the form of one or more conveyor troughs can be comparatively low.

In a further development of this embodiment according to the invention, in a screening device the conveyor trough can have at least one pivotable bottom flap, preferably several pivotable bottom flaps arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal conveying direction. By appropriately actuating the at least one bottom flap, preferably one of the several bottom flaps of the conveyor trough arranged one behind the other, the feed location of the material to be screened can be variably adjusted onto the screen surface in the longitudinal conveying direction. Depending on the design of the screening device, it can be provided within the scope of the invention that the one bottom flap or the several bottom flaps of the conveyor trough is or are equipped, for example, with corresponding electric or pneumatic actuators. The control and regulation of the respective variable position of the one or more floor flaps can be carried out with automation support from a control device which is coupled to or controls the corresponding actuating drives.

In a further embodiment of the invention, in a screening device, the conveying device can be a swivel chute which is adjustable in length in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the at least one screen surface or can comprise such a swivel chute. A swivel chute offers the advantage that by appropriately swiveling the swivel chute, the respective feed location of the material to be screened can be adjusted particularly effectively and quickly in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the screen surface. For example, an angle of inclination of the swivel chute can be adjusted variably and thus the conveying speed of the material to be screened as it exits the front free end of the swivel chute can be influenced. In addition, the height of the free end of the Swivel chute can be varied in relation to the underlying height level of the at least one sieve surface.

Such a swivel chute can either form the conveyor device or be part of such a conveyor device, whereby the swivel chute can be arranged downstream of a conveyor trough or a conveyor belt, for example, viewed in the conveying direction of the material to be screened.

Depending on the design of the screening device, it can be provided within the scope of the invention that the swivel chute is equipped, for example, with appropriate electric or pneumatic rotary drives. The control and regulation of the respective variable position of the swivel chute can be carried out with automation support from a control device.

The at least one sieve surface has, at least in sections, a certain sieve hole width.

A sieve device according to the invention can be used particularly flexibly, in which the at least one sieve surface has at least a first sieve surface section with a first sieve hole width and a second sieve surface section with a second sieve hole width that is different from the first sieve hole width.

By appropriately adjusting the feed location of screening material either in the area of the corresponding first screen surface section with the first screen hole width or in the area of the corresponding second screen surface section with a second screen hole width that deviates from the first screen hole width, the separation performance or the efficiency of the screening device can be increased, particularly when the screen is ready or .free-flowing material to be screened. The terms “screen hole width” and “mesh size” are used interchangeably below.

By providing a sieve surface with at least two sieve surface sections with different sieve hole widths, the separation performance of the sieve device can be adjusted as flexibly as possible to changing sieve goods or sieve material compositions or to changed tasks during ongoing operation of the sieve device be adapted without the need for operational interruptions and corresponding conversion work such as replacing screen coverings.

In a particularly flexible embodiment of the invention, the at least one sieve surface in a sieve device can be formed by a plurality of sieve surface sections, each sieve surface section having a specific sieve hole width, the sieve hole widths of the different sieve surface sections each differing from one another.

The term “multiplicity of screen surface sections” here means three or more than three screen surface sections, each of the screen surface sections having a specific screen hole width, which is not realized again on this at least one screen surface. In this version, a classifying separation task can advantageously be carried out with such a provided sieve surface. Depending on the selection of the respective feed location of the screening material on one of the sieve surface sections, a corresponding grain size fraction of the screening material can be sieved according to the respective sieve hole width of the selected sieve surface section. By appropriately varying the selection of the feed location of the material to be screened on a next or different screen surface section, a next grain size fraction or grain class of the material to be screened can be screened, the particle sizes of this next grain size fraction corresponding to the respective sieve hole width of this next screen surface section. It is expedient to proceed in such a way that the sequence of the sieve surface sections used for the classifying screen separation task is selected in such a way that the corresponding screen hole widths of the screen surface sections decrease as the screen separation task progresses.

It can be particularly advantageous if, in a screening device according to the invention, the screen hole widths of the screen surface sections of the at least one screen surface decrease from the feed side to the discharge side of the at least one screen surface, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction of the material to be screened. Such a screening surface on the task side has larger sieve hole widths than on the delivery side, offers the advantage that the separation cut can be significantly reduced by variable adjustment or displacement of the feed location towards the delivery side, whereby the amount of fine material can be reduced and an overload of any downstream fine grain sorting device can be prevented can.

In summary, by variable adjustment or displacement of the feed location in the longitudinal conveying direction in relation to the at least one screen surface in the direction of the discharge side of the screen surface, the available screen surface can be shortened and the separation cut for the screen underflow can thus be reduced. Conversely, by adjusting or moving the feed location towards the feed side of the screen surface, the full available screen surface can be used for the respective screen separation task, whereby due to the larger screen hole widths on the feed side, the separation cut for the lower screen flow is increased accordingly and thus the amount of material in the lower screen flow increases .

The at least one sieve surface is formed at least in sections by a sieve covering.

In a particularly expedient embodiment of the invention, in a sieve device, the at least one sieve surface can be formed by a sieve covering, the sieve covering having at least a first sieve covering section with a first sieve hole width, and a second sieve covering section adjacent to the first sieve covering section with a width different from the first sieve hole width , second sieve hole width. The screen covering sections can be made from the same covering material or from different covering materials.

In a particularly simple manner, in a further embodiment of the sieving device according to the invention, the at least one sieve surface can be provided if this sieve surface is formed by at least two or more sieve coverings, each sieve covering having a specific sieve hole width, the sieve hole widths of the different sieve coverings each differing from one another . In an advantageous development of this screening device according to the invention, the at least two or more screen coverings are each arranged as transverse strips between cross members of the at least one screen surface. Such an arrangement offers the advantage that the individual strip-shaped screen coverings can each be attached to the cross members and, if necessary, can be easily replaced or renewed individually or together. In addition, with this robust design, the forces acting on the screen coverings during operation can be diverted to the cross members, which is why the screening device can be operated as maintenance-free as possible with the longest possible service life of the screen coverings used.

It may be expedient if each transverse strip of the screen coverings is arranged transversely to the longitudinal conveying direction and thus each transverse strip of a screen covering corresponds to a longitudinal section of the screen length.

In a further advantageous embodiment variant of the invention, in a screening device the at least one screening surface can be formed at least in sections by a first, rigidly installed screening covering.

As an alternative to the aforementioned embodiment variant, in a screening device according to the invention, the at least one screening surface can be formed at least in sections by a first screening covering in the form of a movably mounted screening mat, with preferably a vibration of the movably mounted screening mat being adjustable.

In order to solve complex sieve separation tasks, it may be necessary if, in a sieving device according to the invention, the at least one sieve surface with a feed location that can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction for feeding screening material onto the at least one sieve surface is followed by a further, second sieve surface in the longitudinal conveying direction, the further, second sieve surface in turn has a screening material feeding device, in which a feeding location for feeding screening material onto the second screening surface can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction relative to the second screening surface. For example, such a screening device, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction, can first have a fine sieve surface for the fine grain separation of the sieved material, with a first sieve surface for a medium-grain separation of the sieved material viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction and, downstream or finally, a second sieve surface for the coarse grain separation of the sieved material being provided in the longitudinal conveying direction.

• eine Siebvorrichtung,
• zumindest eine der Siebvorrichtung nachgeordnete Sortiervorrichtung, sowie
• eine Steuerungseinrichtung, welche Steuerungseinrichtung jeweils signaltechnisch mit der Siebvorrichtung sowie mit der zumindest einen Sortiervorrichtung gekoppelt ist, wobei die Steuerungseinrichtung dazu eingerichtet ist, anhand von Steuerungssignalen der zumindest einen Sortiervorrichtung im laufenden Betriebszustand der Siebvorrichtung einen Aufgabeort der Siebgutaufgabeeinrichtung zur Aufgabe von Siebgut auf die zumindest eine Siebfläche in Längsförderrichtung in Bezug auf die zumindest eine Siebfläche variabel einzustellen.

The tasks according to the invention mentioned at the beginning are also solved by a system according to the invention, the system comprising:

• a screening device,
• at least one sorting device downstream of the screening device, and
• a control device, which control device is each coupled in terms of signals to the screening device and to the at least one sorting device, the control device being set up to use control signals from the at least one sorting device in the current operating state of the screening device to determine a delivery location of the screening device for feeding screening material onto the at least one Sieve surface can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction in relation to the at least one sieve surface.

Such a system offers the advantage that both the screening device and the at least one or more downstream sorting devices can be controlled or regulated together from a central control device. For example, blow-out pulses from the sorting device can serve as control signals that are output by the at least one downstream sorting device for controlling the screening device. The control can be carried out pneumatically, for example, by the number of blow-out pulses from the downstream sorting devices.

In order, for example, to prevent the overloading of a downstream sorting device for fine grain, a so-called fine grain sorting device, if there is an increased proportion of fine grain in the material to be screened, the control device can trigger the blow-out pulses of the fine grain sorting device when a presettable number of pulses is exceeded The feed point in the screening device can be gradually moved towards the delivery side of the screening surface. In this case, the separation cut can be reduced, the amount of fine material leaving the screening device can be reduced, and overloading of the downstream fine grain sorting device can thus be prevented.

In the opposite case, for example, if there is an increased proportion of coarse grain in the material to be screened, the overloading of a downstream sorting device for coarse grain, a so-called coarse grain sorting device, can be prevented by moving the feed point in the sieve device gradually towards the feed side when a presettable number of blow-out pulses from the coarse grain sorting device is exceeded is shifted towards the sieve surface. In such a case, the separation cut can be enlarged, the amount of fine material can be increased or the amount of coarse material can be reduced, thus preventing overloading of the coarse grain sorting device.

It can be particularly economical if, in a system according to the invention, the at least one sorting device is an optical sorting device and the system is preferably set up to sort waste glass into at least two different color fractions.

By automatically adjusting the separation cut in the screening device, the use of such a system can ensure the best possible sorting result as well as a large throughput both when sorting "coarse grain" and when sorting "fine grain". The sorting of “coarse grain”, i.e. the coarse grain fraction, can be carried out, for example, in a separate, first sorting device, which is arranged downstream of the outgoing coarse grain stream of the screening device. Likewise, the sorting of “fine grain”, i.e. the fine grain fraction, can be carried out, for example, in a separate, second sorting device, which is arranged downstream of the outgoing fine grain stream of the screening device.

For the sieve separation and subsequent sorting of waste glass, for example, it can be useful if the two or more downstream sorting devices are optical sorting devices in order to be able to sort different color fractions of the glass particles.

Optical sorting devices enable automated processes for sorting solid products, for example with the help of cameras and/or lasers. Depending on the types of optical sensors used and the software-controlled intelligence of corresponding image processing systems, optical sorting devices can detect the color, size, shape, structural properties and/or chemical compositions of objects. In an optical sorting device, objects to be sorted are compared with user-defined acceptance/rejection criteria to identify and remove deviating, defective objects from a production line or to separate objects of different qualities or material types.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. The schematic drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the idea of the invention, but in no way represent it in a restrictive or even conclusive manner.

• Fig. 1 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Siebvorrichtung;
• Fig. 2 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Siebvorrichtung;
• Fig. 3 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer dritten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Siebvorrichtung;
• Fig. 4 eine schematische Seitenansicht einer vierten Ausführungsform einer erfindungsgemäßen Siebvorrichtung;
• Fig. 5 eine Schrägansicht einer Anordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems, umfassend eine Siebvorrichtung sowie zwei Sortiervorrichtungen, die der Siebvorrichtung nachgeordnet sind.

Show:

• Fig. 1 a schematic side view of a first embodiment of a screening device according to the invention;
• Fig. 2 a schematic side view of a second embodiment of a screening device according to the invention;
• Fig. 3 a schematic side view of a third embodiment of a screening device according to the invention;
• Fig. 4 a schematic side view of a fourth embodiment of a screening device according to the invention;
• Fig. 5 an oblique view of an arrangement of a system according to the invention, comprising a screening device and two sorting devices which are arranged downstream of the screening device.

WAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a screening device 1 according to the invention in a sectional view from the side. The screening device 1 includes a housing 2, which is also referred to as a screening box 2. Furthermore, the screening device 1 comprises a drive 3, for example an unbalance drive 3, which is set up to cause the housing 2 or the screening box 2 to vibrate during operation of the screening device 1. For this purpose, the housing 2 or the sieve box 2 is mounted in a swinging, movable manner with several oscillating bearings 4, which are designed here, for example, as spring bearings 4. The sieve box 2 has on its underside a conveyor base 5 for fine material, which here is inclined at an angle of inclination α in relation to the horizontal in the operating position of the sieve device 1. The conveyor base 5 is even more precise, as in Fig. 1 shown, seen here in a longitudinal conveying direction R of a screening material S, which screening material S is fed into the screening device 1, inclined downwards in the longitudinal conveying direction R at the angle of inclination α in relation to the horizontal. The arrow R symbolizes the longitudinal conveying direction R of the fed screening material S, which is symbolized by an arrow S.

A feed opening 6 on the top of the sieve box 2 serves for the screening material supply of the sieve material S. An outlet opening 7 on the underside of the sieve box 2, for example in the conveyor base 5, serves for the discharge of a fine grain fraction F or a fine grain stream F, which is symbolized by an arrow F . Another opening on the underside of the sieve box 2 serves as an outlet opening 8 for the discharge of a coarse grain fraction G or a coarse grain stream G, as in Fig. 1 is symbolized by an arrow G. The direction or orientation of the symbolic arrows S, F, G is intended to indicate the flow direction of the corresponding media, namely the feed direction of the screening material S or the discharge directions of the fine material stream F or the coarse material stream G, during ongoing operation of the screening device 1.

The fine grain fraction F or the fine grain stream F can then be stored in a downstream sorting device, not shown here for fine grain sorting, a so-called fine grain sorting device. Likewise, the coarse grain fraction G or the coarse grain stream G can then be sorted in a downstream sorting device for coarse grain sorting, not shown here, a so-called coarse grain sorting device. For example, the downstream sorting devices can be optical sorting devices in order to sort the fine grain fraction F or the coarse grain fraction G according to optically detectable criteria such as color, size, shape, structural properties and/or their chemical composition.

A double arrow 9 is intended to illustrate a direction of vibration 9 of the sieve box 2 during ongoing operation of the sieve device 1.

Inside the housing 2 or sieve box 2 there is a sieve surface 10, which extends in sections from right to left Fig. 1 considers a first screen lining 11, a second screen lining 12, a third screen lining 13, a fourth screen lining 14, a fifth screen lining 15 and a sixth screen lining 16. A screen length 17 of the screen surface 10 viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction R is therefore formed by strips of the screen coverings 11 to 16. The sieve surface 10 and the strips of the sieve coverings 11 to 16 each have a constant width. The sieve surface 10 here is essentially rectangular in shape and, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction R of the material to be screened S, is inclined downwards at the angle of inclination α in relation to the horizontal. The sieve surface 10 extends with its sieve length 17 in the longitudinal conveying direction R from a feed side 18 to a delivery side 19 opposite the feed side 18.

The screen surface 10 is supported here by several cross members 20, with the several screen coverings 11 to 16 each being arranged as transverse strips between the adjacent cross members 20.

Each of the several screen coverings 11 to 16 each has a specific screen hole width. The first screen covering 11 has a first screen hole width 21, the second screen covering 12 has a second screen hole width 22, the third sieve covering 13 has a third sieve hole width 23, the fourth sieve covering 14 has a fourth sieve hole width 24, the fifth sieve covering 15 has a fifth sieve hole width 25 and the sixth sieve covering 16 has a sixth sieve hole width 26.

The sieve hole widths 21 to 26 each differ from one another and are arranged in such a way that, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction R of the material to be screened S, the sieve hole widths 21 to 26 of the sieve surface sections of the sieve surface 10 decrease from the feed side 18 to the discharge side 19 of the sieve surface 10. Accordingly, the first screen hole width 21 of the first screen covering 11, which is arranged on the feed side 18 of the screen surface 10, is the largest screen hole width or mesh size of this screen surface 10. Conversely, here is the sixth screen hole width 26 of the sixth screen covering 16, which is on the delivery side 19 the sieve surface 10 is arranged, the smallest sieve hole width of the sieve surface 10 shown here.

In Fig. 1 is marked with a dash-dotted line a screening material feeding device 30 for feeding screening material S to a feeding location on the screening surface 10, the screening material feeding device 30 comprising a conveyor device 31, which is designed here as a conveyor trough 32 with several bottom flaps 33. The conveyor trough 32 here specifically has, for example, three bottom flaps 33 arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal conveying direction R, each of which is pivotally mounted 34. The variable length section L of the conveyor trough 32 provided with the three bottom flaps 33 is marked with an arrow length L. A corresponding pivoting or folding direction 34 for opening or closing the bottom flaps 33 is indicated here by a double arrow 34.

The three bottom flaps 33 shown here arranged one behind the other in the conveyor trough 32 enable four different positions P1, P2, P3 and P4 of the respective free front end of the conveyor trough 32. These position positions P1, P2, P3 and P4 each correspond to variable lengths L1, L2 , L3 or L4 of the screenings feed device 30 or the conveyor device 31.

In the event that the first bottom flap 33, which is arranged at the beginning of the conveyor trough 32 as seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R, is open, the first position P1 - corresponding to the first variable length L1 of the conveyor device 31 - is defined by a first transverse edge as seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R first floor flap 33 corresponding floor opening in the conveyor trough 32. Conversely, in the event that all three bottom flaps 33 of the conveyor trough 32 are closed, the fourth position P4 - corresponding to the fourth variable length L4 of the conveyor 31 - is defined by the front free end of the conveyor trough 32 as seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R. The second and third bottom flaps 33 seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R also function accordingly.

Depending on which of the bottom flaps 33 is opened, a position P1, P2, P3, P4 of the respective free front end of the conveyor trough 32 can be variably adjusted in the form of the respectively opened bottom flap 33. The selected variable position P1, P2, P3, P4 of the free front end of the conveying direction 31, which is determined here in the conveying trough 32 by the position of the respectively opened bottom flap 33, also determines a variable feed location A1, A2, A3, A4 for the feed of the material to be screened S onto the screening surface 10 underneath.

In Fig. 1 are the respective delivery locations, namely a first delivery location A1, which is assigned to the first position P1, a second delivery location A2, which is assigned to the second location position P2, a third delivery location A3, which is assigned to the third location position P3, and a fourth delivery location A4 , which is assigned to the fourth position P4, each indicated by a dashed arrow A1, A2, A3 and A4. The course of these arrows A1 to A4 is intended to symbolize the transfer of the feed material or screening material S from the respective front free end P1, P2, P3, P4 of the conveyor trough 32, approximately in the form of a throwing parabola, to the underlying screening surface 10 of the screening device 1.

It is known to those skilled in the art that depending on the conveying speed of the material to be screened S in the conveyor trough 32, which largely depends on the particle size and the density of the material to be screened S as well as depending on the nature, length and inclination of the corresponding conveyor trough 32, the shape of the throwing parabolas and thus a possible deviation between the respective position P1, P2, P3, P4 and the respective corresponding delivery location A1, A2, A3, A4 can be influenced. Such a possible deviation in the longitudinal conveying direction R in relation to the at least one sieve surface 10 between the respective position positions P1 to P4 and the respectively assigned feed location A1 to A4 must therefore be taken into account when selecting the position position P1, P2, P3 P4.

In order to ensure that the screening material S is transferred as precisely as possible from the conveyor trough 32 to a specific delivery location A1 to A4 on the sieve surface 10, it may be expedient to arrange suitable chutes below the bottom openings of the conveyor trough 32. Such chutes that in Fig. 1 are not explicitly shown, can be designed, for example, as chutes, downpipes or funnels and are used for the directed transport of the screenings S to the selected or specific delivery location A1 to A4. For example, in Fig. 1 The second bottom flap 33 has just been opened at the second position P2, which is why the current delivery location for the screening material feed S onto the underlying sieve surface 10 is the second delivery location A2.

Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a screening device 1 according to the invention in a sectional view from the side. In the Fig. 2 illustrated second embodiment differs from that in the Fig. 1 shown first embodiment essentially in that the first screen surface 10 in the longitudinal conveying direction R of the material to be screened S is preceded by an additional fine screen surface 40 with a screen covering 41 for fine screening. The housing 2 or the sieve box 2 has a further outlet opening 42 for discharging a first fine grain fraction F1. The fine screen surface 40 is supported here by several cross members 20, with the screen covering 41 being arranged between adjacent cross members 20. The outlet opening 7 serves here to discharge a second fine grain fraction F2. For the rest, refer to the previous description Fig. 1 referred to, with comparable parts and components each being provided with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a screening device 1 according to the invention in a sectional view from the side. In the Fig. 3 illustrated third embodiment differs from that in the Fig. 1 shown first embodiment essentially in that the screening device 30 here comprises a conveyor 31 in the form of a conveyor belt 35. The conveyor belt 35 is here adjustable or movable in the longitudinal conveying direction R, the variable length section L of the conveyor belt 35 being marked with an arrow L.

In the event that the front free end of the conveyor belt 35 is in a first position P1, outlined in dashed lines - corresponding to the first variable length L1 of the conveyor device 31 - the material to be screened is seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R before the start of the screen surface 10 in the area placed into the sieve box 2 on the feed side 18. The delivery location A1 of the screening material is here Fig. 3 For example, seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R, just in front of the feed-side 18 start of the sieve surface 10. In this case, if the feed location A1 is selected for the feed of the screening material S, the entire sieve length 17 or the entire sieve surface 10 is available for the sieve separation task. A chute below the front end of the conveyor belt 35, which can be moved in the longitudinal conveying direction R, ensures that the material to be screened is transferred as vertically as possible from above to the underlying sieve surface 10. Deviations in the longitudinal conveying direction R between the respective position position P1 and the feed location A1 assigned to this position P1 can thus essentially be avoided be avoided.

When the front free end of the conveyor belt 35 is in a second position P2 - corresponding to the second variable length L2 of the conveyor device 31 - the material to be screened S is viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction R approximately in the middle of the sieve surface 10, i.e. approximately in the middle between the feed side 18 and the Delivery side 19 of the sieve surface 10, placed on this. The delivery location A2 of the screening material is here Fig. 3 For example, seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R, approximately in the area of the third screen covering 13. In this case, only that screen length or screen area is available for the screen separation task that is from the third screen covering 13, the fourth screen covering 14, the fifth screen covering 15 and the sixth screen covering 16 is formed. For the rest, refer to the previous description Fig. 1 referred to, with comparable parts and components each being provided with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 4 shows a fourth embodiment of a screening device 1 according to the invention in a sectional view from the side. In the Fig. 4 illustrated fourth embodiment differs from that in the Fig. 1 shown first embodiment essentially in that the screening device 30 here comprises a conveyor 31 in the form of a swivel chute 36.

In the event that the front free end of the swivel chute 36 is in a first outlined position P1, the material to be screened, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction R, is already fed into the screen box 2 before the start of the screen surface 10 in the area of the feed side 18. The delivery location A1 of the screening material is here Fig. 4 For example, seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R, just in front of the feed-side start 18 of the sieve surface 10. The entire sieve length 17 or the entire sieve surface 10 is therefore available for the sieve separation task.

If the front free end of the swivel chute 36 is in a second position P2, sketched here with dashed lines, the material to be screened is viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction R approximately in the middle of the sieve surface 10, i.e. approximately in the middle between the feed side 18 and the discharge side 19 of the sieve surface 10 , given up on this. The delivery location A2 of the screening material is here Fig. 4 For example, seen in the longitudinal conveying direction R, approximately in the area of the third screen covering 13. In this case, only that screen length or screen area is available for the screen separation task that is from the third screen covering 13, the fourth screen covering 14, the fifth screen covering 15 and the sixth screen covering 16 is formed. For the rest, refer to the previous description Fig. 1 referred.

Fig. 5 shows an oblique view of an arrangement of a system 50 according to the invention, comprising a screening device 1 and two sorting devices 60, 70, each of the screening device 1 are subordinate. For better visualization, the two sorting devices 60, 70 are each sketched with dashed contour lines as a wire grid model. The screening device 1 here, for example, is identical in construction to the one previously shown Fig. 2 illustrated second embodiment. For a functional description of the screening device 1, refer to the above description of the figures Fig. 2 referred. The first sorting device 60 is used here for fine grain sorting and is arranged downstream of the second fine grain stream F2 from the screening device 1. The second fine grain stream F2 passes from the screening device 1 via a first feed trough 61 into the first sorting device 60. The second sorting device 70 is used for coarse grain sorting and is downstream of the coarse grain stream G from the screening device 1. The coarse grain stream G passes from the screening device 1 via a second feed trough 71 into the second sorting device 70.

The system 50 shown here is suitable, for example, for sorting waste glass. The two sorting devices 60, 70 are each optical sorting devices that are designed to sort waste glass into at least two different color fractions.

The system 50 further comprises a central control device 80, the control device 80 being coupled in terms of signals to the screening device 1 and to the two sorting devices 60, 70. The control device 80 is set up to variably adjust the respective feed location A1 to A4 of the screening device 30 to the screening surface 10 in the longitudinal conveying direction R on the basis of control signals 81 from the sorting devices 60, 70 during ongoing operation of the screening device 1. The control signals 81 can be, for example, wireless radio signals. Alternatively or in addition to wireless control signals 81, for example, pneumatic control signals 81 in the form of blow-out pulses from the sorting devices 60, 70 are used for control in order to be able to variably adjust the feed location A1 to A4 of the material to be screened S in the longitudinal conveying direction R with respect to the screen surface 10. The control signal paths 81 are in Fig. 5 indicated as dash-dotted lines. The control of the system 50 can be carried out, for example the number of blow-out pulses from the downstream sorting devices 60, 70 takes place.

From the central control device 80, for example, actuators 85 of the screening device 1, with one actuator 85 being assigned to a bottom flap 33 in the conveyor trough 32 of the conveyor 31, can be controlled, for example by means of pneumatic control signals 81, in such a way that the bottom flap corresponding to the current screen separation task 33 is opened variably and the appropriate delivery location A1 to A4 is set variably.

In order, for example, to prevent overloading of the downstream sorting device 60 for fine grain when there is an increased proportion of fine grain F or an increased share of a first fine grain fraction F1 and/or a second fine grain fraction F2 in the screening material S, if a presettable number of pulses is exceeded, blow-out pulses 81 of the fine grain sorting device can be used 60 from the control device 80 the feed point A1 in the screening device 1 can be gradually moved from the feed side 18 towards the discharge side 19 of the sieve surface 10. In this case, the separation cut can be reduced, the amount of fine material F or fine material fractions F1 and/or F2 that leaves the screening device 1 can be reduced, and thus an overload of the downstream fine grain sorting device 60 can be prevented.

In the opposite case, for example, if there is an increased proportion of coarse grain G in the screening material S, the overloading of a downstream sorting device 70 for coarse grain can be prevented by moving the feed point A1 in the screening device 1 stepwise towards the feed side when a presettable number of blow-out pulses 81 of the coarse grain sorting device 70 is exceeded 18 is moved towards the sieve surface 10. In such a case, the separation cut can be increased, the amount of fine material F or fine material fractions F1 and/or F2 can be increased or the amount of coarse material G can be reduced, thus preventing overloading of the downstream coarse grain sorting device 70.

REFERENCE SYMBOL LIST

1

Sieving device

2

Housing; Sieve box

3

Drive; Unbalance drive

4

swing bearing; Spring bearing

5

Conveying floor for fine material

6

Feed opening for screening material feed

7

Outlet opening for fine grain fraction

8th

Outlet opening for coarse grain fraction

9

Direction of vibration of the sieve box (double arrow)

10

(first) sieve surface

11

(first) screen covering

12

(second) sieve covering

13

(third) screen covering

14

(fourth) sieve covering

15

(fifth) sieve covering

16

(sixth) screen covering

17

Sieve length

18

Task page

19

Submission page

20

Cross beam

21

(first) sieve hole width

22

(second) sieve hole width

23

(third) sieve hole width

24

(fourth) sieve hole width

25

(fifth) sieve hole width

26

(sixth) sieve hole width

30

Screenings feeding device

31

funding facility

32

conveyor trough

33

Bottom flap

34

Pivoting or folding direction of the bottom flap (double arrow)

35

conveyor belt

36

Swivel chute

40

fine sieve area

41

Sieve covering for fine screening

42

Outlet opening for fine grain fraction

50

system

60

(first) sorting device for fine grain sorting

61

(first) feed trough for fine grain stream

70

(second) sorting device for coarse grain sorting

71

(second) feed trough for coarse grain flow

80

Control device

81

control signal (line); pneumatic control signal

85

Actuator for conveyor device

A1

first delivery location (arrow)

A2

second delivery location (arrow)

A3

third delivery location (arrow)

A4

fourth delivery location (arrow)

F

fine grain fraction; fine grain stream

F1

first fine grain fraction; first fine grain stream (arrow)

F2

second fine grain fraction; second fine grain stream (arrow)

G

coarse grain fraction; Coarse grain stream (arrow)

L

variable length of the screenings feed or conveyor device

L1

first length of the screenings feed or conveyor device

L2

second length of the screenings feed or conveyor device

L3

third length of the screenings feed or conveyor device

L4

fourth length of the screenings feed or conveyor device

P1

First position of the screenings feed or conveyor device

P2

second position of the screenings feed or conveyor device

P3

Third position of the screenings feed or conveyor device

P4

fourth position of the screenings feed or conveyor device

R

Longitudinal conveying direction (arrow)

S

abandoned screenings; Screening material flow (arrow)

α

Angle of inclination

Claims (19)

Sieving device (1), comprising a sieve box (2) which can be set in vibration (9) by a drive (3) and has at least one sieving surface (10), as well as a screening device (30) for feeding screening material (S) to a feeding location (A1) on the at least one sieve surface (10), the at least one sieve surface (10) having a sieve length (17) when viewed in an intended longitudinal conveying direction (R) of the material to be screened (S), characterized in that the feed location (A1, A2, A3, A4) can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) with respect to the at least one sieve surface (10). Screening device (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the screening surface (10) extends in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) from a feed side (18) facing the screening material feed device (30) to a delivery side (19) opposite the feed side (18), wherein the feed location (A1, A2, A3, A4) can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) between the feed side (18) and the delivery side (19) of the at least one sieve surface (10). Screening device (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a position (P1, P2, P3, P4) of the screening device (30) in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) with respect to the at least one screening surface (10) is adjustable (L, L1 ,L2,L3,L4). Screening device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the screening device (30) comprises a conveyor device (31) which is adjustable (L,L1,L2,L3,L4) in the longitudinal conveying direction (R), wherein a variable position ( P1,P2,P3,P4) of a free end of the conveyor device (31) determines the respective feed location (A1,A2,A3,A4) for feeding the screening material (S) onto the at least one screening surface (10). Screening device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveyor device (31) is or comprises a conveyor belt (35). Screening device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveying device (31) is or comprises a conveying trough (32). Screening device (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the conveyor trough (32) has at least one pivotable (34) bottom flap (33), preferably a plurality of pivotable (34) bottom flaps (33) arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal conveying direction (R). Screening device (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the conveying device (31) is or comprises a swivel chute (36) which is adjustable in length (L) in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) relative to the at least one screening surface (10). Sieving device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the at least one sieve surface (10) has at least a first sieve surface section with a first sieve hole width (21) and a second sieve surface section with a second sieve hole width different from the first sieve hole width (21). Screen hole width (22). Screening device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the at least one screening surface (10) is formed by a plurality of screening surface sections, each screening surface section having a specific screening hole width (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26 ), whereby the sieve hole widths (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) of the different sieve surface sections differ from each other. Sieving device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, viewed in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) of the material to be sieved (S), the sieve hole widths (21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26) of the sieve surface sections of the at least one sieve surface (10 ) from from the feed side (18) to the discharge side (19) of the at least one sieve surface (10). Sieving device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one sieve surface (10) is formed by a sieve covering (11), the sieve covering (11) having at least a first sieve covering section with a first sieve hole width (21), and a second screen covering section adjacent to the first screen covering section with a second screen hole width (22) that is different from the first screen hole width (21). Sieving device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one sieve surface (10) is formed by at least two or more sieve coverings (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16), each sieve covering (11 ,12,13,14,15,16) each has a specific sieve hole width (21,22,23,24,25,26), with the sieve hole widths (21,22,23,24,25,26) of the different sieve coverings (11,12,13,14,15,16) differ from each other. Sieving device (1) according to claim 13, characterized in that the at least two or more sieve coverings (11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16) are each arranged as transverse strips between cross members (20) of the at least one sieve surface (10). Screening device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one screening surface (10) is formed at least in sections by a first, rigidly installed screening covering (11). Sieving device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the at least one sieve surface (10) is formed at least in sections by a first sieve covering (11) in the form of a movably mounted sieve mat, preferably a vibration of the movably mounted sieve mat being adjustable is. Screening device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the at least one screening surface (10) with a feed location (A1, A2, A3, A4) that can be variably adjusted in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) for feeding screening material (S) onto the at least one sieve surface (10) is arranged downstream of a further, second sieve surface in the longitudinal conveying direction (R), the further, second sieve surface in turn having a screening material feeding device, in which a feed location for feeding screening material (S) onto the second sieve surface in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) can be variably adjusted relative to the second sieve surface. System (50), comprising: - a screening device (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, - at least one sorting device (60, 70) downstream of the screening device (1), and - a control device (80), which control device (80) is coupled in terms of signals to the screening device (1) and to the at least one sorting device (60, 70), the control device (80) being set up to use control signals (81) the at least one sorting device (60, 70) in the current operating state of the screening device (1) has a feed location (A1, A2, A3, A4) of the screening material feeding device (30) for feeding screening material (S) onto the at least one screening surface (10) in the longitudinal conveying direction (R) can be set variably in relation to the at least one sieve surface (10). System (50) according to claim 18, characterized in that the at least one sorting device (60, 70) is an optical sorting device and the system (50) is preferably set up to sort waste glass into at least two different color fractions.

Images