EP4302101A1 - Procédé permettant de déterminer un flux d'énergie de transfert électrique dans une unité de réserve ou en dehors de celle-ci, utilisation du résultat de ce procédé et système de commande permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé - Google Patents

Procédé permettant de déterminer un flux d'énergie de transfert électrique dans une unité de réserve ou en dehors de celle-ci, utilisation du résultat de ce procédé et système de commande permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé

Info

Publication number
EP4302101A1
EP4302101A1 EP22716318.5A EP22716318A EP4302101A1 EP 4302101 A1 EP4302101 A1 EP 4302101A1 EP 22716318 A EP22716318 A EP 22716318A EP 4302101 A1 EP4302101 A1 EP 4302101A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrical
energy
energy flow
flow
transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22716318.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bastian Hackenberg
Jakob Giza
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sonnen GmbH
Original Assignee
Sonnen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sonnen GmbH filed Critical Sonnen GmbH
Publication of EP4302101A1 publication Critical patent/EP4302101A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R22/00—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters
    • G01R22/06—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods
    • G01R22/10—Arrangements for measuring time integral of electric power or current, e.g. electricity meters by electronic methods using digital techniques
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/35—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering with light sensitive cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/10—The network having a local or delimited stationary reach
    • H02J2310/12—The local stationary network supplying a household or a building
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/20—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications using renewable energy

Definitions

  • green energy the electrical power drawn from the transmission grid
  • gray power which is referred to as “grey energy” in the following.
  • gray energy is used regardless of how the gray energy was generated.
  • gray energy is therefore also used within the scope of the present invention for energy generated in a climate-neutral manner, which is supplied from the transmission network to the electrical consumer groups of the operators.
  • Coupling an electrical energy storage system to the consumer group connected to the transmission grid is a suitable way of increasing the proportion of self-consumption on the part of the operator.
  • Such an electrical energy Storage system has an electrical energy store, preferably in the form of a chargeable and dischargeable battery device. At times when the electrical power requirement of the electrical consumer group is greater than the electrical power provided by its own energy generating device, the missing electrical power can be made available from the battery device. However, it is illegal for regulations to store gray energy from the transmission grid in the battery system and feed it into the transmission grid at a later point in time as supposed green energy.
  • reserve units which were formerly also referred to as technical units, usually have such a performance potential for the provision of electrical control reserve that this negative and/or positive control reserve in the form of primary control reserve is now referred to as FCR (Frequency Containment Reserve).
  • FCR Frequency Containment Reserve
  • aFRR Automated Frequency Restoration Reserve
  • these are, for example, individual water or gas power plants for generating electrical energy with a power range of many megawatts, these power plants being ramped up or throttled accordingly to provide the desired positive or negative electrical control power.
  • reserve unit is defined much smaller than is customary in the art. This means that a reserve unit within the meaning of the invention is already present, for example, in the form of a system that has an individual electrical energy store coupled to an individual, defined electrical consumer group. Specifically, the reserve unit is defined as the sum of all electrical power units whose electrical power flows between this sum of power units and an external transmission network can be recorded via a common network connection point with a usually calibrated electrical meter device.
  • the electrical power units are designed:
  • - Energy storage as a combination unit for both receiving and delivering electrical energy, such as a trained as a battery building, or
  • the term “purely for absorption” means that it is not technically possible for the electrical power unit to deliver electrical energy or only to an insignificant extent of less than 10% compared to the electrical energy consumption.
  • the correspondingly reversed definition applies to the term "purely for sale”.
  • a reserve unit that is preferred in the context of this invention has: - an electrical consumer group defined via a grid connection point consisting of electrical power units purely for the consumption of electrical energy
  • An electrical energy storage system as an electrical power unit for both receiving and delivering electrical energy.
  • This combination of electrical power units is already found in many private and/or commercial buildings that are connected to a transmission network via a network connection point.
  • This network connection point has a preferably calibrated, first electrical meter device that records the electrical energy flow between the connected transmission network and the reserve unit.
  • This first electrical meter device determines a measured value Z1d as the network energy flow from the transmission network into the reserve unit.
  • the first electrical meter device determines a measured value Z1u as the network energy flow from the reserve unit out into the electrical transmission network.
  • the first electrical counter device is therefore preferably designed as a bidirectional counter.
  • electrical energy flows are to be understood as amounts of electrical energy that flow between defined connection points. By considering defined electrical energy flows at defined time intervals, the electrical energy flow becomes an electrical power flow. In the following, however, electrical energy flows are primarily discussed, because the associated time intervals are not important.
  • DE 10 2017 121 457 A1 discloses a system and a method for measuring electrical power, which solves the problem of the precise balancing of separate recording of green electricity and gray electricity and thus the desired determination of the transfer energy flows through the use of additional measurement technology hardware in the area of consumer groups in the form of building networks.
  • this system and method has the disadvantage that a large number of other counter devices must be installed in combination with an energy flow direction sensor in order to achieve the desired goal.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method which, with less effort, enables transfer energy flows in us from a reserve unit to be determined with accurate balancing.
  • the method has the following method steps:
  • the electrical consumer group are determined by further electrical counter devices in such a way that in a case distinction selected from the two case groups: - the energy generating device generates more electrical power than the electrical consumer group requires and
  • the energy generating device generates no electrical power or the same amount or less electrical power than the electrical consumer group requires combined with a boundary condition selected from:
  • the electrical energy store discharges, the transfer energy flow for the selected case group with the combined boundary condition is present as a measured value of a single one of the first or one of the further electrical meter devices.
  • the procedural steps of determining different energy flows in the defined time interval can be carried out directly or indirectly.
  • Arranging and reading one of the electrical metering devices selected from the group of the first electrical metering device and the other electrical metering devices in such a way that the measured value determined by the electrical metering device directly corresponds to the energy flow to be determined is regarded as directly determining an energy flow to be determined.
  • the first electrical meter device determines the flow of electrical energy from the transmission system into the reserve unit with a measured value Z1d and the flow of electrical energy from the reserve unit into the transmission system with a measured value Z1u.
  • Indirect determination of an energy flow to be determined is the calculation of measured values from several electrical metering devices selected from the group of the first electrical metering device and the other electrical metering devices in such a way that the energy flow to be determined is calculated and thus results indirectly.
  • the electrical energy generating device generates more total electrical power than is required in the electrical consumer group, part of the total power generated flows as feed power into the transmission network and/or part of the total power generated flows into the electrical energy to charge the electrical energy store -Storage system.
  • the proportion of consumer energy flow from the electrical energy generating device's can only be determined indirectly by calculating the measured values from a number of electrical metering devices.
  • the goal according to the invention of selecting and arranging further electrical meter arrangements in the reserve unit in such a way that the transfer energy flow is ultimately available as a measured value from a single electrical meter device has the following background.
  • the determined transfer energy flow In order for the determined transfer energy flow to be billable for a balance sheet, it must be available as a measured value from a calibrated electrical meter. Even if two measured values from two calibrated metering devices are used to calculate the transfer energy flow from the two measured values, the offsetting of two measured values only represents a measured variable and no longer a measured value in accordance with the regulatory provisions for the energy industry that apply in Germany. Metrics are not suitable for balance sheets. leave readings are generated exclusively via calibrated metering devices in accordance with the regulations mentioned.
  • Each of the electrical metering devices delivers measured values, regardless of whether they are calibrated or not. At least according to the regulations applicable in Germany, those electrical metering devices whose measured values represent the transfer energy flows for the respective case group with the combined boundary condition must be calibrated so that they can be used for business accounting.
  • Reserve unit with a defined, own energy production including the connected transmission network, the amount of available energy must be constant.
  • the energy represents a conserved variable.
  • the energy flows within the reserve unit and the energy flows flowing into and out of the reserve unit can be selected and related to one another in such a way that the transfer energy flows between the reserve unit that serve the grid or trade energy are different and let the transmission network calculate it.
  • the determination of the generator energy flow is preferably carried out as a determination of a generator-to-consumer energy flow from the electrical energy generating device into the electrical consumer group in the defined time interval.
  • the proportions of the energy generated Generation device outgoing energy flows that are fed into the transmission network and / or used to charge the electrical storage device are to be deducted from the total energy flow generated by the energy generation device.
  • the entire energy flow generated by the energy generating device is determined, which is then related to the other energy flows determined in such a way that the transfer energy is calculated taking into account the law of conservation of energy.
  • the ascertainment of the consumption energy flow is carried out as a ascertainment of the consumption energy flow of the electrical consumer group in the defined time interval. It is exclusively about the input power required by the electrical consumer group.
  • the transfer energy flow is determined using the energy conservation law using the formula:
  • Ebe storage energy flow between the electrical energy storage device and the electrical consumer group and/or the electrical transmission network and Eg2re network energy flow from the electrical transmission network into the reserve unit Also preferred is the method step of determining the generator energy flow from the electrical energy generating device to the electrical consumer group in the defined time interval with a first additional electrical counter device with a measured value Z2d for an energy flow in the direction of the electrical consumer group and/or in the direction of the electrical energy storage system and with a measured value Z2u for an energy flow oriented in the opposite direction, the electrical energy generating device being connected between the first electrical meter device and the first additional electrical meter device in such a way that electrical current generated with the electrical energy generating device can flow both via the first electrical counter device can be fed into the electrical transmission network, as well as via the first additional meter device for the electrical consumer group and/or for the el electrical energy storage system can be conducted, with the producer-to-consumer energy flow always being the smaller energy flow of the two energy flows:
  • the first further counter device serves to determine further energy flows within the reserve unit. These are represented by the measured values Z2d and Z2u.
  • the method is preferably additionally designed such that a total generator energy flow is determined by forming the difference between the energy flow measured value Z2d of the first additional meter and the measured value Z1d of the network energy flow and adding the following difference to it is: the measured value Z2u is subtracted from the measured value Z1u as the network energy flow from the reserve unit into the electrical transmission network.
  • the entire generator energy flow includes all of the energy generating device, in particular a photovoltaic system, generated electrical energy that can flow in at least one direction, selected from the group comprising the electrical consumer group, the transmission network and the electrical energy storage of the electrical energy storage - Systems.
  • a different arrangement of the first and second counter device results in a correspondingly different calculation of the entire generator energy flow.
  • the method is preferably designed such that a storage-to-consumer energy flow from the electrical energy storage device of the electrical energy storage system to the electrical consumer group is carried out in the defined time interval by forming a difference as follows: from the determined recording - Energy flow is deducted from the energy flow Z2d measured with the first further electrical counter device if this difference formed is greater than zero and if the difference formed is less than zero, the storage energy flow is set equal to zero.
  • a different arrangement of the first second metering device there is a correspondingly different calculation of the storage-to-consumer energy flow.
  • a particularly preferred development of the method is characterized in that an energy flow into the electrical energy storage device is determined with a measured value Z3d and the storage energy flow from the electrical energy storage device with a measured value Z3u using a second further counter device connected upstream of the electrical energy storage device.
  • the second further counter device is preferably designed as a two-direction counter.
  • the second further counter device is preferably used in the form of a calibrated counter device. In this way, energy flows flowing into and out of the electrical energy store can be determined in a suitable manner for the balance.
  • the two case groups relating to a size comparison of the intake energy flow to the total generator energy flow via the measured values of the first counter device and via the measured values of the second further counter device such as can be determined as follows: For the size comparison, the entire generator energy flow corresponds to Z1u-Z1d and the intake energy flow corresponds to Z3u-Z3d. This follows from the fact that the following equations hold:
  • the total generator energy flow is greater than the intake energy flow:
  • the transfer energy flow is determined as the measured value Z1d
  • the transfer energy flow is determined as the measured value Z3u and for the case group the total generator energy flow is less than or equal to the receiving energy flow, including the case that the total Generator Energy Flow is 0:
  • the transfer energy flow is determined as the measured value Z3d
  • the amount of the transfer energy flow for the first case group (the total generator energy flow is greater than the intake energy flow) is calculated as Z3u + Z1d, with the measured value Z3u , which corresponds to a discharge current of the electrical energy store, must be zero must, and under the boundary condition of a discharging electrical energy store Z1d must be equal to zero, because the electrical energy generation device provides sufficient electrical power for the electrical consumer group, so that no energy flow from the electrical transmission network is necessary. Furthermore, for the same reason, the energy flow in the form of the discharge current of the electrical energy store cannot be intended for the electrical consumer group. The only possibility remains that the energy flow in the form of the discharge current of the electrical energy store flows as a transfer energy flow into the electrical transmission network. Since the electrical energy store cannot discharge and charge at the same time, the meter reading Z1d must be zero in this scenario.
  • the amount of the transfer energy flow is determined as Z3d + Z1u, where under the boundary condition of a charging electrical energy storage device the meter reading Z1u is equal to zero must be, because the entire generator energy flow flows into the electrical consumer group, so that nothing can be fed into the electrical transmission network. Furthermore, the electrical energy store charges and therefore cannot simultaneously provide an electrical energy flow that flows into the electrical transmission network. Under the boundary condition of a discharged electrical energy store, the meter reading Z3d is necessarily equal to zero and the meter reading Z1u corresponds to the transfer energy flow, which flows from the electrical energy store into the electrical transmission network, because the entire generator energy flow in the direction of the electrical consumer group drains. The same applies to the formula of the amount of the transfer energy flow Z3d + Z1u for the extreme case that the generator energy flow is zero because the electric power generation device does not generate any electric power.
  • the object on which the invention is based is also achieved by using the results of one of the methods described above, wherein to determine transfer energy flows between an electrical see the transmission network and a procedural reserve unit, the measured values of at least one electrical metering device are determined who have the transfer energy flow to be determined under procedurally defined case groups and boundary conditions.
  • the method according to the invention must go through the method steps at least once to determine further electrical energy flows in such a way that, using the case distinction with the case groups including boundary conditions, the desired result is the transfer energy flow to be determined as a measured value of a single one of the first or one of the further electrical counts learning facilities are available. Once this goal has been achieved for a reserve unit together with its electrical counter devices, the method result obtained is used repeatedly in order to carry out the desired determination of the transfer energy flow as often as desired.
  • the transfer energy flow can be determined as a simple measured value.
  • the transfer energy flow is determined in defined procedural steps, which, however, can only be defined if the results of the method described above are available. The use of these process results is therefore available in the form of an independent process.
  • the system-maintaining energy flows include in particular the following energy flows:
  • the standby power consumption of the inverter usually amounts to a characteristic value of a few watts, which is drawn from the electrical transmission network in emergency operation, if the electrical energy store is so empty that the power supply to the inverter cannot be provided by the electrical energy store.
  • the reserve unit has an absorption-transfer energy flow of a few watts.
  • this is not an energy flow that serves the grid or the energy market, but a system-preserving energy flow that must be taken into account in a billing-relevant balancing of the transfer energy flow.
  • the situation is similar with the flow of energy from the electrical transmission network into the electrical energy store caused by the trickle charge of the electrical energy store. For a sustainable use of the electrical energy store, it is necessary that this is protected from a so-called deep discharge. This applies in particular when the electrical energy store is a chargeable battery.
  • the electrical energy store is controlled, if required, in such a way that it is charged up to a defined charge level by means of an electrical energy flow from the electrical transmission network. This is also an emergency solution in the event that the electrical energy generating device cannot provide any or too little energy.
  • This system-maintaining energy flow also appears as part of the specific transfer energy flow, but is neither useful for the grid nor for the energy market. Consequently, this energy flow must also be taken into account in a billing-relevant balancing of the transfer energy flow.
  • the electrical energy store It is also necessary for sustainable use of the electrical energy store that it has to be fully charged once within a defined time window. If this cannot be guaranteed by the electrical energy generating device in the required time window, the required energy flow is obtained from the electrical energy transmission network as an emergency solution.
  • the usual electrical power for this corresponds regularly to the maximum possible electrical input power of the inverter, which ensures the conversion of alternating current from the electrical transmission network into the direct current required for charging the electrical energy storage device.
  • the state of charge of the electrical energy store is correspondingly small and - The full charge cycle is achieved without the electrical energy store being fully charged once in this full charge cycle. registered by the tax system. This information makes it easier to calculate the system-maintaining energy flows from the determined transfer energy flows.
  • balancing periods can be selected and defined within which the determined transfer energy flows are balanced and thus become relevant for billing for the operator of the reserve unit.
  • the transfer energy flows can also be determined subsequently using stored energy flow data sets.
  • the same statements made above regarding the length of the time intervals and the additional definable balancing periods apply.
  • One of the above-described methods or one of the above-described use of method-related results is preferably carried out in a control unit of the electrical energy storage system. This means that the entire logic of the required algorithm is located in a decentralized manner within the reserve unit.
  • control system designed and set up to carry out one of the methods described above or designed and set up to use results according to the method as described above.
  • control system can be completely decentralized, for example embodied within the reserve unit.
  • some or all of the system components can be positioned elsewhere than in the decentralized reserve unit.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a reserve unit RE connected to an electrical transmission network G with an electrical energy generation device PV with an electrical energy storage system ESS having an electrical energy storage device B;
  • FIG. 2 Energy flows that can occur between the interacting system components shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5a Energy flows between the system components from FIGS. 1 and 2 for a second case group Epv>Ed with the boundary condition of a discharging electrical energy store B;
  • FIG. 5b Energy flows between the system components from FIGS. 1 and 2 for the second case group Epv>Ed with the boundary condition of a charging electrical energy store B and
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow chart to clarify the use of method results for determining the transfer energy flow.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a reserve unit RE connected to an electrical transmission network G with an electrical energy generating device PV and an electrical energy storage system ESS having an electrical energy store B.
  • reserve units RE often represent electrical building networks into which the electrical energy generating device PV and the electrical energy storage system ESS are integrated. These electrical building networks are connected to the electrical transmission network G via what is known as a network connection point NAP.
  • NAP network connection point
  • To the energy flows from the electrical transmission network G in the reserve unit RE and from the reserve unit RE in the electrical transfer To balance transmission network G in a way that is relevant to billing, a usually calibrated first electrical meter device Z1 is used at this interface, preferably in the form of a two-way meter, particularly preferably a so-called smart meter.
  • a first additional electrical counter device Z2 is also preferably designed as a bidirectional counter. Between the first electrical metering device Z1 and the first additional electrical metering device Z2, the electrical energy generating device PV is integrated into the reserve unit RE in a branching manner. The first further electrical meter device Z2 thus determines a meter reading Z2d for the energy flows directed downwards to an electrical consumer group D of the reserve unit RE and a meter reading Z2u for the energy flows directed upwards in the direction of the electrical transmission network G. Which ones are involved in detail is explained below in connection with FIG.
  • the electrical energy storage system ESS with the chargeable and dischargeable electrical energy storage device B.
  • the energy flows in and out the electrical energy storage system ESS can be recorded via a second additional electrical counter device Z3.
  • the energy flows flowing in the direction of the electrical energy store B are recorded as measured values Z3d and the energy flows flowing from the electrical energy store B in the direction of the electrical transmission system G are recorded as measured values Z3u.
  • the electrical energy storage system ESS also has a control device SE. This control device SE is used for the best possible control of all energy flows between the components of the overall system shown, as explained below.
  • FIG. 2 shows the energy flows that can occur between the interacting system components shown in FIG. 1 using the representation of the system components that is identical to that in FIG.
  • the sum of the energy flows that flow from the electrical transmission system G into the reserve unit RE is recorded as the measured value Z1d. Specifically, these are the following energy flows:
  • the measured value Z1u represents the sum of the energy flows that flow from the reserve unit RE into the electrical transmission network G. Specifically, these are the following energy flows:
  • the electrical energy store B is designed in such a way that it can only ever be either charged or discharged, there can only ever be a transfer energy flow Er into the reserve unit RE or a transfer energy flow Eh from the reserve unit RE.
  • the energy flows from the electrical energy generation system PV can be made up of the following components: - Epv2g, the previously mentioned feed-in energy flow of the electrical energy generating device PV into the electrical transmission grid G,
  • the transfer energy flow Eh flowing from the electrical energy storage device B and the energy flow portion in the form of the storage-to-consumer energy flow Eb2d remain, which also reaches the electrical consumer group D in order to meet their power requirements in the form of the collected consumers together with to cover the energy flow shares Epv2d and Eg2d.
  • the control device SE of the electrical energy storage system ESS is set up and designed in such a way that Eg2d is minimized.
  • This energy flow control is performed by algorithms using a range of current and forecast parameters. These include in particular: - the power requirement of the electrical consumer group D,
  • transfer energy flow E A determination of the transfer energy flows Eh and Er that is as simple as possible is of interest. These two energy flows are collectively referred to below as the transfer energy flow E. If one considers the reserve unit RE and the electrical transmission network G connected to it as a closed system, the following applies according to the law of conservation of energy:
  • Ebe is the entire energy flow flowing from the electrical energy store
  • Eg2re is the entire energy flow flowing between the electrical transmission network G and the reserve unit RE.
  • the energy flow Epv2d from the electrical energy generation device PV is always the minimum of two energy flows, namely the total energy flow Epv generated by the electrical energy generation device PV and the energy flow Ed required by the electrical consumer group D.
  • Epv2d min (Epv ; Ed)
  • Epv2d min (Z2d-Z1d+Z1u-Z2u; Z2d-Z3d+Z3u-Z2u)
  • the electrical energy generating device does not generate any electrical energy and can therefore also not contribute to covering the electrical power requirement of the electrical consumer group; the energy flow Epv2d is equal to zero. This simplifies the consideration according to the law of conservation of energy as follows:
  • the electrical energy generating device PV generates so much energy that the entire power requirement of the electrical consumer group D ge can be covered. This simplifies the consideration according to the law of conservation of energy as follows:
  • System-maintaining energy flows Esys occur with characteristic measured values when, for example, the electrical energy store B is empty and the electrical energy generating device PV currently and for the foreseeable future does not generate any electrical energy, so that there is a risk of an undesirable deep discharge of the storage system.
  • the electrical energy store B is then charged at least to a minimum state of charge using energy from the electrical transmission network G. Further examples of system-maintaining energy flows Esys are explained in the subclaims.
  • the electrical energy storage device B is designed as a battery, it can only be charged or discharged. Simultaneous discharging and charging are not possible for electrophysical reasons. For such a discharged electrical energy storage device B, it follows inevitably that no energy can flow in the direction of electrical energy storage device B—Z3d must therefore be zero.
  • the transfer energy flow E to be determined is therefore available as the sole measured value Z1u of the first electrical counter device Z1. Since this usually delivers calibrated measured values at the grid connection point NAP, the transfer energy flow E can be determined in this way for the first case group with the boundary condition of a discharging electrical energy storage device B in a way that is suitable for billing.
  • a charging electrical energy storage device B it follows that no energy flow occurs the electrical energy store B can be done out.
  • Z1u must therefore be zero.
  • the transfer energy flow E to be determined is therefore the only measured value Z3d of the second further electrical counter device Z3 before. If this delivers calibrated measured values, the transfer energy flow E can be determined in this way for the first case group with the boundary condition of a charging electrical energy store B in a way that is suitable for billing.
  • E Z3d + Z1u also applies here for the transfer energy flow. Because the electrical energy store B is exclusively discharged, Z3d is equal to zero and the transfer energy flow E to be determined results as the sole measured value Z1u from the calibrated first electrical counter device Z1.
  • the transfer energy flow E Z3d + Z1u. Because the electrical energy storage device B is exclusively charged, Z1u is equal to zero and the transfer energy flow E to be determined results as the sole measured value Z3d from the preferably calibrated second further electrical meter device Z3.
  • Figure 5b shows the remaining energy flows between the system components from Figures 1 and 2 for the second case group Epv>Ed with the boundary condition of a charging electrical energy store B.
  • the method described above makes it possible to find a meter notation based on a consideration in accordance with the law of conservation of energy, which, with differentiation using case groups combined with boundary conditions, becomes so simple that the transfer energy flow to be determined is available as a measured value from a single electrical meter device.
  • Figure 6 shows a flow chart to illustrate such a use of the method results for determining the transfer energy flow E.
  • the absolute value ratio between the total generated energy flow Epv of the electrical energy generating device PV and the energy flow Ed required at the same time for the electrical consumer group D in the reserve unit RE is determined.
  • the transfer energy flow E to be determined is determined in the form of a transfer energy flow Eh flowing out of the reserve unit RE or in the form of a transfer energy flow Er flowing into the reserve unit RE.
  • This method algorithm uses the previously obtained method results in order to ensure a billable determination of the transfer energy flows E in continuous operation of the reserve unit.
  • the algorithm shown here looks correspondingly different for the use of other method results likewise obtained according to the invention.
  • Such use of the method results is preferably implemented in a control unit SE, as shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 5b.
  • the control unit SE is designed and set up to use the method results described as part of an implemented method.
  • the control device embodied in hardware and software to be fully or partially implemented in a centralized manner and thus determine the transfer energy flows for a large number of reserve units RE at different locations.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé permettant de déterminer un flux d'énergie de transfert électrique (E) dans une unité de réserve (RE), ou en dehors de celle-ci, comprenant : • un groupe de consommateurs électriques (D), • un système de stockage d'énergie électrique (ESS) comprenant un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (B) et • un appareil de production d'énergie électrique (PV), l'unité de réserve (RE) étant raccordée à un réseau de transmission électrique (G) par le biais d'un premier dispositif de compteur électrique (Z1) pour déterminer les flux d'énergie de réseau entre le réseau de transmission (G) et l'unité de réserve (RE). Selon l'invention, le procédé comprend les étapes consistant : • à déterminer un débit de consommation d'énergie (Ed) du groupe de consommateurs électriques (D) par unité de temps ; • à déterminer un flux d'énergie de réseau (Eg2re) à partir du réseau de transmission électrique (G) dans l'unité de réserve (RE) par unité de temps ; • à déterminer un flux d'énergie de générateur de l'appareil générateur d'énergie électrique (PV) par unité de temps ; • à déterminer un flux d'énergie de stockage (Ebe) entre l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique (B) et le groupe de consommateurs électriques (D) et/ou le réseau de transmission électrique (G) par unité de temps ; et • à déterminer le flux d'énergie de transfert (E) dans l'unité de temps à l'aide de la loi de conversion d'énergie, des flux d'énergie électrique supplémentaires étant déterminés à l'intérieur de l'unité de réserve (RE) par des dispositifs de compteur supplémentaires (Z2, Z3) de telle sorte que, pour différents scénarios et conditions limites, le flux d'énergie de transfert (E) soit présent sous la forme d'une valeur mesurée d'un seul du premier ou de l'un des dispositifs de compteur électrique supplémentaires (Z1, Z2, Z3). L'invention se rapporte également à l'utilisation du résultat de ce procédé et à un dispositif de commande (SE) configuré et conçu pour mettre en œuvre ce procédé ou à l'utilisation des résultats du procédé.
EP22716318.5A 2021-03-05 2022-03-07 Procédé permettant de déterminer un flux d'énergie de transfert électrique dans une unité de réserve ou en dehors de celle-ci, utilisation du résultat de ce procédé et système de commande permettant de mettre en oeuvre le procédé Pending EP4302101A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021105425.7A DE102021105425B3 (de) 2021-03-05 2021-03-05 Verfahren zur Bestimmung eines elektrischen Transfer-Energieflusses in eine oder aus einer Reserveeinheit, Verwendung des Ergebnisses dieses Verfahrens und Steuerungssystem zum Durchführen des Verfahrens
PCT/DE2022/100177 WO2022184212A1 (fr) 2021-03-05 2022-03-07 Procédé permettant de déterminer un flux d'énergie de transfert électrique dans une unité de réserve ou en dehors de celle-ci, utilisation du résultat de ce procédé et système de commande permettant de mettre en œuvre le procédé

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EP4302101A1 true EP4302101A1 (fr) 2024-01-10

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EP (1) EP4302101A1 (fr)
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DE102023003188A1 (de) 2022-09-20 2024-03-21 Sew-Eurodrive Gmbh & Co Kg Anlage mit als Elektrogeräte ausgeführten Busteilnehmern und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Anlage

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DE102017121457B4 (de) 2017-09-15 2019-12-05 Innogy Se System und Verfahren zum Erfassen von Energiemengen
DE102017009879A1 (de) 2017-10-24 2019-04-25 Stephan Kleier Verfahren zur lastabhängigen Verbrauchserfassung von unterschiedlichen Stromquellen im Endkundenbereich

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