EP4294592A1 - Rotorbaugruppe für eine werkzeugspindel - Google Patents
Rotorbaugruppe für eine werkzeugspindelInfo
- Publication number
- EP4294592A1 EP4294592A1 EP23725239.0A EP23725239A EP4294592A1 EP 4294592 A1 EP4294592 A1 EP 4294592A1 EP 23725239 A EP23725239 A EP 23725239A EP 4294592 A1 EP4294592 A1 EP 4294592A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fluid
- rotor
- piston
- pull rod
- rotor assembly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 240
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 135
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003746 feather Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
- B23B31/26—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle
- B23B31/261—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle clamping the end of the toolholder shank
- B23B31/265—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle clamping the end of the toolholder shank by means of collets
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/10—Chucks characterised by the retaining or gripping devices or their immediate operating means
- B23B31/12—Chucks with simultaneously-acting jaws, whether or not also individually adjustable
- B23B31/20—Longitudinally-split sleeves, e.g. collet chucks
- B23B31/201—Characterized by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
- B23B31/207—Characterized by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the spindle
- B23B31/2072—Axially moving cam, fixed jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
- B23B31/26—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using mechanical transmission through the working-spindle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
- B23B31/30—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using fluid-pressure means in the chuck
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B31/00—Chucks; Expansion mandrels; Adaptations thereof for remote control
- B23B31/02—Chucks
- B23B31/24—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means
- B23B31/30—Chucks characterised by features relating primarily to remote control of the gripping means using fluid-pressure means in the chuck
- B23B31/302—Hydraulic equipment, e.g. pistons, valves, rotary joints
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/12—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine
- B23Q11/126—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only
- B23Q11/127—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating parts of the machine for cooling only for cooling motors or spindles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/136—Springs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
- B23B2260/142—Valves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B2270/00—Details of turning, boring or drilling machines, processes or tools not otherwise provided for
- B23B2270/24—Tool, chuck or other device activated by the coolant or lubrication system of the machine tool
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rotor assembly for a tool spindle, comprising a hollow rotor and an actuating device for actuating a clamping device for releasably attaching a tool holder to the rotor.
- the invention further relates to a tool spindle, an actuating device for a rotor assembly of a tool spindle and an operating method for a rotor assembly or a tool spindle.
- Machine tools such as gear grinding machines or machine tools for hard precision machining, have a tool spindle (often also referred to as a work spindle or machine spindle). The tool spindle is used to hold the tool and drives the tool.
- the tool can be attached to a rotor of the tool spindle using a tool holder, for example a grinding wheel flange.
- a tool holder for example a grinding wheel flange.
- it is generally known to align the tool holder on the rotor using a cone and a flat contact and to screw it manually to the rotor.
- internal cooling of the rotor can be easily set up.
- Tool clamping systems with a tool holder are often used for automated tool changing.
- the tool holder is connected to the tool and, on the other hand, can be automatically attached to the rotor or detached from the rotor.
- Known tool holders are designed, for example, as so-called hollow shaft cones, steep tapers or polygonal shaft cones.
- a clamping system is required, which takes up space inside the rotor. Cooling, as with tools screwed manually to the rotor, is then no longer possible.
- a machine tool processing unit which comprises a rotor with a clamping device integrated in the rotor for releasably holding a tool holder and a cooling device for the rotor.
- Coolant flow channels with an inlet opening and coolant return channels with an outlet opening are installed in the rotor.
- the coolant flow channels and the coolant return channels are connected to one another via an annular channel.
- the cooling device has connections for supplying and discharging coolant.
- the cooling device has channels for the coolant, which are connected to the channels of the rotor are connected.
- the cooling device also has an actuating device with which the clamping device can be actuated.
- the disadvantage of this machine tool processing unit is that the cooling channels installed in the rotor can impair the stability of the rotor. In addition, the production of the coolant channels and the annular channel is complex.
- a rotor assembly group for a tool spindle having a hollow rotor, an actuating device for actuating a clamping device for releasably attaching a tool holder to the rotor, the actuating device having a pull rod and a piston rigidly coupled to the pull rod, which together are mounted movably along a travel direction in the hollow rotor, in particular wherein the travel direction corresponds to the direction of an axis of rotation of the rotor, wherein the pull rod is biased into a clamping position by a spring device and can be brought into a release position against the biasing force of the spring device by applying fluid pressure to the piston , wherein the piston in the rotor separates a pressure chamber and a cooling chamber from one another, with at least one check valve being provided in the piston, which allows fluid to flow from the cooling chamber into the pressure chamber and prevents fluid from flowing out of the pressure chamber into the cooling chamber, wherein a first fluid connection is provided, which is fluid
- the invention provides a rotor assembly for automated tool changing on a machine tool.
- the invention enables the clamping device to be actuated and the rotor to be cooled in a simple manner by appropriately introducing or removing fluid at the two fluid connections.
- the rotor assembly has a hollow rotor and an actuator.
- the actuating device is at least partially arranged in a cavity of the rotor.
- the rotor typically has openings at its ends.
- the actuating device can protrude from the rotor at at least one end.
- a clamping device can be arranged in the area of an opening, with which a tool holder can be attached to the rotor.
- the actuating device serves to actuate the clamping device and thus attach the tool holder to the rotor or to detach it from the rotor.
- a tool can be attached to the rotor indirectly via the tool holder.
- the tool holder can be clamped by the clamping device against a receptacle on the rotor, with an end region of the tie rod engaging on the clamping device.
- the pull rod and the piston of the actuating device are rigidly coupled to one another.
- the pull rod and the piston can therefore be moved together but not relative to one another.
- the tie rod and piston can be moved along a travel direction in the hollow rotor. Depending on the position of the pull rod in the rotor, the tool holder can be held or released on the rotor.
- the pull rod is pretensioned into a clamping position by a spring device. In this clamping position, the tool holder can be secured to the rotor using the clamping device.
- the at least one check valve in the piston allows fluid to flow from the cooling chamber into the pressure chamber, but not from the pressure chamber into the cooling chamber.
- the pressure chamber, the cooling chamber, the fluid guide and the first and second fluid connections can collectively be referred to as a fluid channel system.
- the fluid guide is usually designed with a longitudinal bore in the tie rod, the longitudinal bore being radially closed (apart from the mouths of transverse bores).
- the longitudinal bore can run centrally in the tie rod, in particular on the axis of rotation of the rotor.
- the rotor and piston are part of the boundary of the pressure chamber and the cooling chamber.
- the cooling space is typically limited by an inner wall of the rotor, an outer wall of the tie rod and the piston.
- the cooling chamber is designed to be fluid-tight (apart from the openings from the fluid guide in the tie rod and to the at least one check valve), in particular with seals between the tie rod and the rotor and between the piston and the rotor.
- the tie rod protrudes through the cooling chamber along the direction of travel.
- the tie rod also protrudes through the pressure chamber along the direction of travel.
- the tie rod typically runs coaxially to the axis of rotation of the rotor
- the fluid channel system can be used to set up a cooling operation for the rotor assembly and to operate the actuating device in order to open the clamping device for a tool change.
- a fluid for example hydraulic oil
- moderate pressure typically 2 to 15 bar
- the fluid can Flow through the cooling chamber and cool the rotor.
- the fluid can continue to flow from the cooling chamber into the pressure chamber via the at least one check valve and can be discharged from the rotor via the first fluid connection.
- the fluid also cools the rotor as it flows through the pressure chamber.
- the at least one check valve closes.
- the separation of the pressure chamber from the cooling chamber or their connection via the check valve enables the rotor assembly to be easily upgraded for cooling operation and automated tool changing.
- the fluid guidance in the tie rod enables fluid to be introduced into the cooling chamber in order to cool the rotor.
- the fluid guide can be manufactured efficiently using a longitudinal bore and typically a transverse bore. Reliable check valves are available at low cost.
- the piston can thus be fluid-tight in one direction (from the pressure chamber to the cooling chamber), while a flow through the piston is enabled in the other direction (from the cooling chamber to the pressure chamber).
- the spring device is arranged in the cooling space.
- the cooling space is filled with fluid.
- the spring device is therefore in the fluid during operation.
- the fluid has a damping effect on the spring device. This allows vibrations of the spring device to be reduced.
- the space required anyway used to accommodate the spring device for cooling the rotor This allows the available space in the hollow rotor to be used efficiently while the rotor remains simple to construct.
- the spring device is in particular arranged between an inner wall of the rotor and an outer wall of the tie rod.
- the spring device is supported at one end via a support disk on the rotor and at the other end on the piston.
- the spring force of the spring device which is supported on the support disk, can be introduced evenly into the rotor via the support disk (for example on a shoulder in the rotor).
- the support disk avoids direct contact between the rotor and the spring device.
- the support disk can be made of a harder material than the rotor.
- the piston projects in the radial direction beyond the tie rod and is rigidly connected to it; the piston therefore allows force to be transmitted to the tie rod.
- a surface suitable for supporting the spring device can be set up on the piston. The spring force can be distributed evenly across the piston.
- overflow channels can be easily manufactured. Radial overflow channels can be provided on one or both sides of the support disk. When using multiple transfer channels, the rotationally symmetrical arrangement can prevent an imbalance from occurring during use of the rotor assembly. Furthermore, the fluid can flow particularly evenly and there is more cross section available for the flow of the fluid.
- the fluid guide in the tie rod has a longitudinal bore along an axis of rotation of the rotor and a first transverse bore which fluidly connects the longitudinal bore to the cooling chamber, preferably wherein the first transverse bore runs radially to the axis of rotation.
- the longitudinal hole and the first cross hole are easy to make.
- the longitudinal bore generally does not noticeably affect the stability of the tie rod. A fluid can be easily guided into the cooling space via the longitudinal bore and the transverse bore.
- An embodiment is also preferred in which it is provided that the piston and the pull rod are in one piece with one another. This makes it particularly easy to achieve that the piston and the pull rod can be moved with one another, but not relative to one another. In addition, leaks between the piston and the pull rod can be reliably avoided.
- the rotary introduction makes it possible to guide fluid to and from the rotating rotor with stationary fluid connections.
- the connecting part is firmly connected to the rotor during operation of the tool spindle, for example screwed to the rotor.
- the connecting part rotates with the rotor during operation.
- the connecting part can be in several pieces or preferably in one piece.
- the insertion housing does not rotate with the rotor when the tool spindle is in operation, but generally remains at rest.
- the piston, the outer wall of the tie rod, the inner wall of the rotor and the connecting part limit the pressure chamber.
- an annular channel is formed between the pull rod and the connecting part, via which the first fluid connection is fluidly connected to the pressure chamber.
- This ring channel can be easily set up. Fluid can from the first Fluid connection passes into the pressure chamber via the annular channel.
- an inner diameter of the connecting part is fundamentally larger than an outer diameter of the tie rod, preferably by at least 5%, particularly preferably by at least 10%.
- the inside diameter of the connecting part is at most 20%, preferably at most 15%, larger than the outside diameter of the tie rod.
- the connecting part is fixed to the rotor, that a pocket is formed between the pull rod and the connecting part, which is fluidly connected to the second fluid connection via a second radial bore in the connecting part, that the pull rod has a has a second transverse bore, which fluidly connects a longitudinal bore of the fluid guide in the pull rod to the pocket, and that the pocket extends along the direction of travel to such an extent that from the clamping position to the release position, the longitudinal bore over the second transverse bore, the pocket and the second radial bore remains fluidly connected to the second fluid connection, in particular wherein the pocket is formed in the connecting part, preferably as a circumferential groove.
- the connecting part does not move relative to the rotor.
- the pocket ensures that the fluid guide in the pull rod is fluidly connected to the second fluid connection at all times during the movement of the pull rod.
- part of the fluid in the cooling chamber is typically pushed back into the fluid guide.
- the continuous connection of the fluid guide of the tie rod and the second fluid connection can ensure that the fluid that was previously used for cooling can exit the rotor assembly and does not block the movement of the tie rod.
- An axial extent of the pocket is at least as large as the distance covered by the pull rod between the clamping position and the release position, in particular plus a diameter of the second transverse bore.
- the second transverse bore preferably runs radially to the axis of rotation.
- a second circumferentially running channel is formed between the connecting part and the insertion housing, which is fluidly connected to the at least one second radial bore and the second fluid connection.
- permanent magnets are attached to the rotor, the permanent magnets being arranged at least partially, preferably completely, in the area of the longitudinal extent of the cooling space.
- the permanent magnets are arranged entirely or at least in part in the radial direction above the cooling space.
- a direct drive of the rotor or a tool spindle can be set up with the rotor assembly.
- heat is generated during operation of the rotor assembly, particularly during acceleration and braking, which can be efficiently dissipated via the fluid in the cooling space.
- the scope of the present invention also includes a tool spindle having a rotor assembly according to the invention described above and a stator assembly with a spindle housing in which the rotor is rotatably mounted, preferably with a coil arrangement for driving the rotor being provided in the spindle housing.
- the tool spindle allows the rotor assembly to be used on a machine tool.
- the coil arrangement on the spindle housing and permanent magnets on the rotor form a motor of the tool spindle for direct drive of the rotor.
- an actuating device for a rotor assembly of a tool spindle comprising a pull rod which has a longitudinal bore as a fluid guide, and a piston which is rigidly coupled to the pull rod and on which Pull rod is seated, so that the pull rod has a cooling chamber-side section on a first side of the piston and a pressure chamber-side section on a second side of the piston opposite the first side, the fluid guide having at least one first opening in the cooling chamber-side section and at least a second opening in the pressure chamber-side section has, in particular wherein the at least one first mouth through a first transverse bore and the at least one second mouth is formed by a second transverse bore, and at least one check valve is provided in the piston, via which the two sides of the piston are fluidly connected, the check valve being at a higher pressure on the first side than on the opens on the second side and locks at a higher pressure on the second side than on the first side
- the scope of the invention includes an operating method for a rotor assembly according to the invention described above or a tool spindle according to the invention described above, wherein in a cooling mode fluid, in particular oil, is introduced into the fluid guide through the second fluid connection so that it flows through the cooling space the at least one check valve flows into the pressure chamber and is discharged through the first fluid connection, and wherein in a release mode, fluid is introduced into the pressure chamber through the first fluid connection, so that a release pressure is built up in the pressure chamber, through which the pull rod counteracts the action of the spring device is brought into the release position by means of the piston.
- a cooling mode in particular oil
- a release mode fluid is introduced into the pressure chamber through the first fluid connection, so that a release pressure is built up in the pressure chamber, through which the pull rod counteracts the action of the spring device is brought into the release position by means of the piston.
- this method enables, on the one hand, cooling of the rotor and, on the other hand, automated tool changing.
- cooling mode the rotor can be cooled with fluid flowing through the cooling space.
- the tie rod is in the clamping position.
- the rotor rotates in the spindle housing.
- a tool held on the rotor by the clamping device (via a tool holder) can process a workpiece.
- the rotor is stopped and the release mode is activated.
- the rotor In the release mode, the rotor basically stands still. Then the tool (with the tool holder) can be removed and another tool (with another tool holder) can be arranged on the clamping device. After deactivating the release mode, the new tool is fixed to the rotor.
- a variant is preferred which provides that in the cooling mode the fluid pressure at the second fluid connection is at least 2 bar, preferably at least 5 bar, and/or at most 15 bar, preferably at most 12 bar.
- This Pressures have proven particularly useful in practice. These pressures are sufficient to allow the fluid to flow sufficiently quickly for effective cooling and to open the at least one check valve.
- the fluid is provided with at least the release pressure, and in which the fluid in the cooling mode is directed to the second fluid connection through a pressure reducer, in particular a proportional pressure control valve or a servo valve.
- a pressure reducer in particular a proportional pressure control valve or a servo valve.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a tool spindle according to the invention with a rotor assembly according to the invention in a cooling mode, with a pull rod being in a clamping position;
- Fig. 3 shows an isolated, schematic perspective view of a support disk with overflow channels for the rotor assembly from Fig. 1;
- Fig. 4b shows the check valve in the closed state according to Fig. 2;
- Fig. 4c shows, isolated in three different views, a screw body of the check valve from Fig. 4a and Fig. 4b;
- FIG. 5a shows an isolated perspective view of a first end of a tie rod of the rotor assembly from FIG. 1 with a longitudinal bore and a first transverse bore;
- Fig. 5b shows an enlarged detail from Fig. 1 in an area of the tie rod in which the first transverse bore is formed;
- Fig. 6 shows an enlarged view of the rotary insert from Fig. 2 in a schematic longitudinal section
- Fig. 7 shows an isolated perspective view of the tie rod with a piston from Fig. 1; 8 shows, using a fluid diagram, the implementation of an operating method according to the invention for a rotor assembly according to the invention;
- Fig. 9 shows schematically a machine tool with which a workpiece can be machined with a tool spindle according to the invention.
- Figure 1 shows an example of a tool spindle 2 according to the invention.
- the tool spindle 2 has a rotor assembly 4 according to the invention and a stator assembly 6.
- the rotor assembly 4 has a hollow rotor 8, an actuator 10 and a clamping device 12.
- the rotor 8 is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation DA.
- the hollow rotor 8 has a front opening area 14 (tool-side opening area).
- the hollow rotor 8 has a rear opening region 16 opposite the front opening region 14.
- a thread 24 is formed on the rotor 8 in the rear opening area 16.
- Permanent magnets 28 are attached to an outside 26 of the rotor 8.
- the permanent magnets 28 are arranged around the rotor 8 in the circumferential direction.
- the actuating device 10 has a pull rod 30, a piston 32 and a rotary insert 34.
- the pull rod 30 and the piston 32 are rigidly coupled (see also Fig. 7).
- the pull rod 30 is rotationally symmetrical to the axis of rotation DA of the rotor 8.
- the pull rod 30 and the piston 32 can be moved together along a travel direction VR in the rotor 8.
- the travel direction VR corresponds to the direction of the axis of rotation DA of the rotor 8.
- the pull rod 30 is largely arranged in the rotor 8 in the embodiment shown.
- An end area of the Pull rod 30 is arranged in the rotary insert 34.
- a connecting part 120 of the rotary insert 34 is firmly connected to the rotor 8.
- the cooling space 42 here comprises two sections, namely a cooling space annular channel 48 and a main cooling space 50.
- a diameter of the main cooling space 50 is larger than a diameter of the cooling space annular channel 48, here approximately twice as large.
- a support disk 52 is arranged at the transition from the cooling chamber annular channel 48 to the main cooling chamber 50.
- the annular support disk 52 has several overflow channels (see Fig. 3).
- a spring device 54 is arranged in the cooling chamber 42 between the support disk 52 and the piston 32.
- the spring device 54 extends in the axial direction over the entire space between the support disk 52 and the piston 32.
- the spring device 54 is only shown directly on the support disk 52 and on the first side 40 of the piston 32 in FIG.
- the spring device 54 here is a plate spring package 55.
- the plate spring package 55 consists of a large number of plate springs. In the case of the disc spring pact 55, pairs of disc springs connected in parallel are connected in series.
- the bias of the spring device 54 seeks to move the piston 32 with the pull rod 30 towards the rear opening area 16 towards the rotary insert 34.
- the pull rod 30 is biased into a clamping position SSt shown in FIG.
- a fluid guide 56 is formed in the pull rod 30.
- the fluid guide 56 is formed by a longitudinal bore 58, a first mouth 60 and a second mouth 64.
- the first mouth 60 is designed here as a first transverse bore 62.
- the second mouth 64 is designed here as a second transverse bore 66.
- the pull rod 30 is closed directly after the first transverse bore 62 (see also Fig. 5a, 5b); In the present case, the longitudinal bore 58 extends to the first transverse bore 62, but not to the front opening region 14 beyond the first transverse bore 62.
- the piston 32 has two transfer channels 72.
- the transfer channels 72 begin on the first side 40 of the piston 32 and end on the second side 44 of the piston 32.
- the check valves 76 are here arranged rotationally symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation DA of the rotor 8.
- the check valves 76 are in an open position.
- the check valves 76 are designed so that the check valves 76 open when a fluid pressure in the cooling chamber 42 (by a typically negligible opening pressure of the check valves 76) is above the fluid pressure in the pressure chamber 46. If the If the fluid pressure in the pressure chamber 46 is above the fluid pressure in the cooling chamber 42, the check valves 76 close.
- the rotary insert 34 has a first fluid connection 78.
- the first fluid connection 78 is fluidly connected to the pressure chamber 46.
- the rotary insert 34 also has a second fluid connection 80.
- the second fluid connection 80 is fluidly connected to the fluid guide 56 and the cooling space 42. Further details of the rotary insert 34 are described below in FIG. 6.
- a tool holder 90 can be attached to the rotor 8 with the clamping device 18.
- the rotor 8 has the inner cone 22 on its front opening area 14 in order to accommodate the tool holder 90. Inserted into this inner cone 22 is a tapered shaft 94 of the tool holder 90 - designed here as a hollow shaft cone.
- the clamping sleeve 88 is moved so far in the clamping device 18 that the clamping sleeve 88 presses the clamping elements 82 outwards.
- the clamping elements 82 engage in the tapered shaft 94 of the tool holder 90 and fix the tool holder 90 on the rotor 8.
- the stator assembly 6 has a hollow spindle housing 98.
- the rotor 8 is rotatably mounted in the spindle housing 98, here via several roller bearings.
- a coil arrangement 100 is arranged in the spindle housing 98.
- the coil arrangement 100 surrounds the permanent magnets 28.
- the coil arrangement 100 and the permanent magnets 28 lie completely in the area of the cooling chamber 42 in the direction of the rotation axis DA.
- the coil arrangement 100 and the Permanent magnets 28 form a direct drive for the rotor 8.
- the stator assembly 6 can also be coolable.
- a cooling coil not shown in detail, could be provided between the spindle housing 98 and the coil arrangement 100.
- the permanent magnets 28 and the coil arrangement 100 lie axially within the area of the main cooling space 50.
- heat is generated in the area of the permanent magnets 28 and the coil arrangement 100.
- the resulting heat can be efficiently be discharged via the fluid in the main cooling chamber 50.
- No further structures are necessary in the rotor 8 for this, in particular no further structures that could impair the stability of the rotor 8.
- no holes or channels for cooling are required in the casing of the rotor 8. Rather, it becomes Accommodation of the pull rod 30 and the spring device 54 required cavity in the rotor 8 used for cooling.
- Figure 3 shows the support disk 52 of the rotor assembly 4 from Figure 1 alone.
- the axis of rotation DA of the rotor is shown here.
- radial sections of the overflow channels 104 pointing away from the spring device 54 can be provided (not shown in more detail).
- 4a shows the check valve 76 in an enlarged detail from FIG. 1.
- the check valve 76 is here in the open position, which belongs to the cooling mode, in which the pull rod is in the clamping position.
- Figure 4b shows an enlarged detail from Figure 2, the check valve 76 in the closed position, which belongs to the release mode, in which the pull rod is brought into the release position.
- the ball 108 rests on the seat 112.
- the ball 108 closes the seat 112. No fluid can flow from the pressure chamber 46 via the transfer channel 72 into the cooling chamber (not shown in detail).
- Figure 4c shows the screw body 110 in isolation in a perspective view (upper part of the image), in a side view (middle part of the image) and in a schematic longitudinal section (lower part of the image).
- One of the openings in the screw cross hole 114 can be seen in the upper and middle part of the picture.
- the screw transverse hole 114 and the screw longitudinal hole 116 are visible.
- the transverse screw hole 114 runs perpendicular to the longitudinal screw hole 116.
- FIG 5a shows a part of the pull rod 30 in the area of the first transverse bore 62.
- the fluid guide 56 is formed with the longitudinal bore 58 and with the first transverse bore 62.
- the first transverse bore 62 runs perpendicular to the longitudinal bore 58.
- the longitudinal bore 58 extends exactly to the transverse bore 62.
- the pull rod 30 is closed after the first transverse bore 62.
- the longitudinal bore 58 of the pull rod 30 lies on the axis of rotation DA.
- the first transverse bore 62 here runs radially to the axis of rotation DA of the rotor 8.
- the first transverse bore 62 is continuous here and opens into the cooling chamber annular channel 48 at two openings.
- Figure 6 shows an enlarged view of the rotary insertion 34 of the rotor assembly 4.
- the axis of rotation DA of the rotor 8 is shown here.
- the pull rod 30 is shown here in the release position LSt.
- the rotary insertion 34 has an insertion housing 118 and the connecting part 120.
- the insertion housing 118 is hollow inside.
- the connecting part 120 is partially arranged in the insertion housing 118.
- the connecting part 120 is also hollow inside.
- An end of the pull rod 30 assigned to the rotary insertion 34 is arranged in the connecting part 120.
- the pull rod 30 is axially movable relative to the connecting part 120.
- the connecting part 120 is firmly and fluid-tightly connected to the rotor 8 on the thread 24.
- the insertion housing 118 and the connecting part 120 are rotatable against each other.
- the insertion housing 118 and the connecting part 120 can be supported on one another via a pivot bearing 119. When the rotor 8 rotates, the connecting part 120 rotates together with the rotor 8.
- the insertion housing 118 basically does not rotate, but stands still.
- the first fluid connection 78 and the second fluid connection 80 are located on the insertion housing 118.
- the first fluid connection 78 is designed here as a first connection bore 122.
- the second fluid connection 80 is second Connection hole 124 is formed.
- the connecting part 120 here has two first radial bores 126 and two second radial bores 128.
- the fluid guide 56 is formed in the pull rod 30.
- the longitudinal bore 58, the second transverse bore 66 and a tie rod channel 129 running in the circumferential direction can be seen here.
- An annular channel 130 is formed between the pull rod 30 and the connecting part 120.
- the annular channel 130 extends here from the first radial bores 126 in the connecting part 120 to the pressure chamber 46.
- a pocket 132 is formed between the pull rod 30 and the connecting part 120.
- the pocket 132 is designed here as a circumferential groove 133.
- the pocket 132 is provided in the connecting part 120.
- the pocket 132 extends at least over the length that the pull rod 30 overcomes when moving from the clamping position SSt (see FIG. 1) to the release position LSt.
- a first channel 134 running in the circumferential direction and a second channel 136 running in the circumferential direction are formed between the connecting part 120 and the insertion housing 118.
- the pressure chamber 46 is fluidly connected to the first fluid connection 78.
- the connection here is as follows: The pressure chamber 46 is connected to the first radial bores 126 via the annular channel 130. The first radial bores 126 are in turn connected to the first fluid connection 78 via the first channel 134 running in the circumferential direction. The first circumferential channel 134 causes the connecting part 120 to be able to rotate relative to the insertion housing 118 without the fluidic connection between the pressure chamber 46 and the first fluid connection 78 being interrupted.
- the longitudinal bore 58 of the pull rod 30 is fluidly connected to the second fluid connection 80.
- connection here is as follows:
- the longitudinal bore 58 is connected to the second radial bores 128 via the second transverse bore 66, the tie rod channel 129 running in the circumferential direction and via the pocket 132.
- the axial extension of the pocket 132 ensures that the fluidic connection is maintained regardless of the axial position of the pull rod 30 relative to the rotor 8 or the rotary insert 34.
- the second radial bores 128 are in turn connected to the second fluid connection 80 via the second channel 136 running in the circumferential direction.
- the second circumferential channel 136 causes the connecting part 120 to be able to rotate relative to the insertion housing 118 without the fluidic connection between the fluid guide 56 (and therefore the cooling space) and the second fluid connection 80 being interrupted.
- Figure 7 shows part of the pull rod 30 with the piston 32.
- the pull rod 30 and the piston 32 are firmly connected to one another.
- the pull rod 30 and the piston 32 are integral with each other.
- the tie rod 30 in particular the tie rod channel 129 running in the circumferential direction and the opening of the second transverse bore 66 can be seen in FIG.
- two circumferential piston grooves 138 are formed in the piston 32. Sealing elements and guide elements can be arranged in the circumferential piston grooves 138. Furthermore, two inlet channels 140 are formed on the first side 40 of the piston 32. The inlet channels 140 run radially to the pull rod 30. The inlet channels 140 begin on an outer wall 142 of the piston 32 and extend to the transfer channels 72. The fluid can here from the outside and inside of the plate spring package 55 (see Figure 1) into the Transfer channels 72 flow out.
- FIG. 8 shows a fluid diagram for carrying out an operating method according to the invention for the rotor assembly 4 according to the invention.
- the cooling mode A is set up for the rotor assembly 4.
- Shown in the fluid diagram are the rotor assembly 4, a hydraulic pump 144, a directional control valve 146, a preferably adjustable pressure reducer 148, a fluid container 150 and a large number of lines 152 (only some of which are provided with a reference number for the sake of clarity).
- the rotor 8 and the rotary insert 34 are shown with the first fluid connection 78 and the second fluid connection 80.
- the hydraulic pump 144 is here connected to an actuation 154, which actuates (drives) the hydraulic pump 144 by means of an electric motor.
- Fluid 156 here oil 158 (for example hydraulic oil), can be conveyed via the hydraulic pump 144.
- the hydraulic pump 144 provides the fluid with a release pressure LD of, for example, 170 bar.
- the hydraulic pump 144 can remove the fluid 156 from the fluid container 150 (not shown in detail).
- a fluid circuit can be set up in this way.
- the fluid can be cooled by a cooler, not shown.
- the cooler can be arranged, for example, between the fluid container 150 and the hydraulic pump 144 or between the pressure reducer 148 and the rotary insert 34.
- the directional control valve 146 can be moved either into a first switching position a or a second switching position b.
- the cooling mode A is set up in the first switching position a.
- the release mode (not shown here) is set up in the second switching position b.
- the directional control valve 146 is biased into the first switching position a shown via a valve spring 160.
- the directional valve 146 can be moved into the second switching position b either via a muscle power actuation 164 or an electrical actuation 166.
- the electrical actuation 166 is used for automated operation of the tool spindle 2.
- the muscle power actuation 164 can be used for maintenance purposes or in the event of a malfunction.
- the adjustable pressure reducer 148 here has a pressure relief valve 168.
- the pressure relief valve 168 is set so that the adjustable pressure reducer 148 on the hydraulic pump 144 provided release pressure LD of, for example, 170 bar is reduced to a cooling pressure KD of, for example, 10 bar.
- the directional control valve 146 In cooling mode A, the directional control valve 146 is in switching position a.
- the fluid 156 is conveyed to the directional valve 146 by means of the hydraulic pump 144 with the release pressure LD (here 170 bar).
- the fluid 156 then flows from the directional control valve 146 to the pressure reducer 148 and the release pressure LD is reduced to the cooling pressure KD (here 10 bar).
- the fluid 156 then flows further to the second fluid connection 80 at the cooling pressure KD and is used in the rotor assembly 4 for cooling.
- the fluid 156 After the fluid 156 has flowed through the corresponding fluid spaces in the rotor assembly 4, the fluid 156 is discharged from the rotor assembly 4 via the first fluid connection 78.
- the fluid 156 flows to the directional control valve 146 and is directed there to the fluid container 150 and collected.
- the directional control valve 146 In the release mode (see FIG. 2), which is not shown in more detail in FIG. 8 but is also briefly described below, the directional control valve 146 is in the switching position b.
- the fluid 156 is conveyed to the directional valve 146 by means of the hydraulic pump 144 with the release pressure LD (here 170 bar).
- the directional control valve 146 In the switching position b, the directional control valve 146 directs the fluid 156 from the hydraulic pump 144 directly to the first fluid connection 78, so that the release pressure LD also builds up in the pressure chamber 46. This opens the clamping device 12 in the rotor assembly 4, see also Figure 2.
- Figure 9 shows a highly abstracted representation of a machine tool 170.
- a tool 172 for example a grinding wheel, is held on a tool spindle 2 according to the invention via a tool holder 90.
- a workpiece 174 to be machined for example a gear, can be moved relative to the tool spindle 2.
- the tool spindle 2 and the workpiece 174 can also be pivotable relative to one another, compare pivot point SP of the tool spindle 2.
- the workpiece can be arranged on a workpiece table (not shown in detail) or on a Workpiece spindle 176 can be held. In the latter case, the workpiece 174 can also be rotated about a workpiece axis WA.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gripping On Spindles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH000543/2022A CH719179B1 (de) | 2022-05-09 | 2022-05-09 | Rotorbaugruppe für eine Werkzeugspindel. |
PCT/EP2023/062194 WO2023217734A1 (de) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Rotorbaugruppe für eine werkzeugspindel |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4294592A1 true EP4294592A1 (de) | 2023-12-27 |
Family
ID=81842074
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP23725239.0A Pending EP4294592A1 (de) | 2022-05-09 | 2023-05-09 | Rotorbaugruppe für eine werkzeugspindel |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4294592A1 (de) |
CH (1) | CH719179B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023217734A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5096347A (en) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-03-17 | Mori Seiko Co., Ltd. | Spring clamp with clamped condition holding device |
US7287941B1 (en) * | 2006-09-05 | 2007-10-30 | Kennametal Inc. | Apparatus for amplifying the pull back force on a lock rod used to secure a toolholder |
DE102016114036A1 (de) * | 2016-07-29 | 2018-02-01 | Ott-Jakob Spanntechnik Gmbh | Arbeitsspindel-Kühleinrichtung und Werkzeugmaschinen-Bearbeitungseinheit mit einer derartigen Arbeitspindel-Kühleinrichtung |
-
2022
- 2022-05-09 CH CH000543/2022A patent/CH719179B1/de unknown
-
2023
- 2023-05-09 EP EP23725239.0A patent/EP4294592A1/de active Pending
- 2023-05-09 WO PCT/EP2023/062194 patent/WO2023217734A1/de active Application Filing
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH719179B1 (de) | 2023-06-15 |
WO2023217734A1 (de) | 2023-11-16 |
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