EP4293774A1 - Batterie und verfahren zur herstellung der batterie - Google Patents

Batterie und verfahren zur herstellung der batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4293774A1
EP4293774A1 EP21925861.3A EP21925861A EP4293774A1 EP 4293774 A1 EP4293774 A1 EP 4293774A1 EP 21925861 A EP21925861 A EP 21925861A EP 4293774 A1 EP4293774 A1 EP 4293774A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
negative electrode
positive electrode
layer
electrode layer
end surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21925861.3A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Kazuyoshi Honda
Akira Kawase
Eiichi Koga
Koichi Hirano
Kazuhiro Morioka
Kouji Nishida
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Publication of EP4293774A1 publication Critical patent/EP4293774A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H01M10/0585—Construction or manufacture of accumulators having only flat construction elements, i.e. flat positive electrodes, flat negative electrodes and flat separators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/471—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01M50/474—Spacing elements inside cells other than separators, membranes or diaphragms; Manufacturing processes thereof characterised by their position inside the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H01M50/188—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members the sealing members being arranged between the lid and terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/548—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on opposite sides of the cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/584—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries
    • H01M50/586—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge for preventing incorrect connections inside or outside the batteries inside the batteries, e.g. incorrect connections of electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to batteries and methods for manufacturing batteries.
  • PTL 1 discloses a secondary battery in which a plurality of units each including a current collector serving as a positive electrode, a separator, and a current collector serving as a negative electrode are stacked. In this configuration, an attempt is made to increase the capacity of the secondary battery.
  • the present disclosure provides a battery which can achieve both a high capacity density and high reliability and a method for manufacturing a battery.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery includes: preparing a plurality of unit cells each including a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer located between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, in a first end surface of each of the plurality of unit cells, a first inclination surface that is inclined relative to a direction normal to a main surface of a power generation element is provided on an end surface of the negative electrode layer such that the positive electrode layer protrudes more than the negative electrode layer, in a second end surface of the unit cell, a second inclination surface that is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface is provided on an end surface of the positive electrode layer such that the negative electrode layer protrudes more than the positive electrode layer, and the method for manufacturing a battery further includes: stacking the plurality of unit cells in the direction normal to the main surface by causing positive electrode layers each being the positive electrode layer or negative electrode layers each being the negative electrode layer to face each other, aligning protrusion portions of the positive electrode layers, and
  • the first conductive member may cover the one or the plurality of first insulating members
  • the second conductive member may cover the one or the plurality of second insulating members.
  • the positive electrode layers can be connected easily and electrically by the first conductive member so as to straddle the first insulating members.
  • the negative electrode layers can be connected easily and electrically by the second conductive member so as to straddle the second insulating members.
  • the end surface of the positive electrode layer included in the first projection can be further separated away from the end surface of the negative electrode layer included in the first depression.
  • the end surface of the negative electrode layer included in the second projection can be further separated away from the end surface of the positive electrode layer included in the second depression.
  • the end surfaces of the positive electrode layer, the solid electrolyte layer, and the negative electrode layer can be processed collectively and obliquely.
  • each of the first projections may include a first flat surface that is parallel to the direction normal to the main surface and is at least a part of an end surface of the positive electrode layer
  • each of the second projections may include a second flat surface that is parallel to the direction normal to the main surface and is at least a part of an end surface of the negative electrode layer.
  • the one or the plurality of first insulating members may include a side surface that is flush with the first flat surface
  • the one or the plurality of second insulating members may include a side surface that is flush with the second flat surface.
  • each of the positive electrode layers in the plurality of unit cells may include: a positive electrode current collector; and a positive electrode active material layer that is arranged on a main surface of the positive electrode current collector on a side of the negative electrode layer
  • each of the negative electrode layers in the plurality of unit cells may include: a negative electrode current collector; and a negative electrode active material layer that is arranged on a main surface of the negative electrode current collector on a side of the positive electrode layer.
  • At least one of the first conductive member or the second conductive member may include a multilayer structure.
  • each of the layers in the multilayer structure can be caused to have a different function.
  • a conductive material having low connection resistance can be utilized, and as the outermost layer, a conductive material having high durability can be used.
  • the reliability of the battery can be enhanced.
  • an outermost layer in the multilayer structure may be a plating layer or a solder layer.
  • the battery according to the one aspect of the present disclosure may further include : a sealing member that exposes a part of the first conductive member and a part of the second conductive member and seals the power generation element.
  • the power generation element can be protected from external factors such as humidity and impact, and thus the reliability of the battery can be enhanced.
  • At least one of the one or the plurality of first insulating members or the one or the plurality of second insulating members may include a gap.
  • first side surface and the second side surface may face away from each other.
  • the end surface of the positive electrode layer included in the first projection can be separated away from the end surface of the negative electrode layer included in the second projection, with the result that the occurrence of a short circuit can be suppressed.
  • a method for manufacturing a battery includes: preparing a plurality of unit cells each including a positive electrode layer, a negative electrode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer located between the positive electrode layer and the negative electrode layer, in a first end surface of each of the plurality of unit cells, a first inclination surface that is inclined relative to a direction normal to a main surface of a power generation element is provided on an end surface of the negative electrode layer such that the positive electrode layer protrudes more than the negative electrode layer, in a second end surface of the unit cell, a second inclination surface that is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface is provided on an end surface of the positive electrode layer such that the negative electrode layer protrudes more than the positive electrode layer, and the method for manufacturing a battery further includes: stacking the plurality of unit cells in the direction normal to the main surface by causing positive electrode layers each being the positive electrode layer or negative electrode layers each being the negative electrode layer to face each other, aligning protrusion portions of the positive electrode layers, and
  • the unit cells in which at least a part of the end surfaces are the inclination surfaces are stacked, and thus the power generation element including a first side surface in which the positive electrode layers protrude and a second side surface in which the negative electrode layers protrude can be formed.
  • the insulating members are arranged in the depressions of the first side surface and the second side surface, and thus in the first side surface, the positive electrode layers and the negative electrode layers which protrude can be insulated and in the second side surface, the negative electrode layers and the positive electrode layers which protrude can be insulated.
  • the conductive member is arranged in each of the first side surface and the second side surface, and thus the protruding positive electrode layers can be connected collectively and electrically and the protruding negative electrode layers can be connected collectively and electrically.
  • the conductive member is arranged in each of the first side surface and the second side surface, and thus the protruding positive electrode layers can be connected collectively and electrically and the protruding negative electrode layers can be connected collectively and electrically.
  • the arranging of the first insulating member may be performed after the stacking.
  • first insulating members and the second insulating members can be collectively arranged in the first depressions and the second depressions, and thus it is possible to reduce the time required for the step.
  • the stacking may be performed after the arranging of the first insulating member.
  • the first insulating members and the second insulating members can be arranged in each of the unit cells individually and accurately, and thus it is possible to more significantly suppress the occurrence of a short circuit between the positive electrode layers and the negative electrode layers.
  • the first end surface and the second end surface of each of the plurality of unit cells may be processed to prepare the plurality of unit cells in which first inclination surfaces each being the first inclination surface and second inclination surfaces each being the second inclination surface are provided.
  • the inclination surface having a desired shape can be formed, and thus it is possible to adjust the amount of protrusion of the positive electrode layer or the negative electrode layer.
  • the processing in the preparing may be performed by shear cutting, score cutting, razor cutting, ultrasonic cutting, laser cutting, jet cutting, or polishing.
  • an end surface of the negative electrode layer, an end surface of the solid electrolyte layer, and an end surface of the positive electrode layer may be collectively inclined obliquely relative to the direction normal to the main surface
  • an end surface of the negative electrode layer, an end surface of the solid electrolyte layer, and the end surface of the positive electrode layer may be collectively inclined obliquely relative to the direction normal to the main surface
  • protrude means protruding externally relative to the center of the unit cell in a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the main surface of the unit cell.
  • element A protrudes more than element B means that in the direction of protrusion, the tip end of element A protrudes more than the tip end of element B, that is, the tip end of element A is located more distantly from the center of the unit cell than the tip end of element B.
  • the "direction of protrusion” is regarded as being a direction parallel to the main surface of the unit cell.
  • protrusion portion of element A means a part of element A which protrudes more than the tip end of element B in the direction of protrusion.
  • the element include an electrode layer, an active material layer, a solid electrolyte layer, a current collector, and the like.
  • ordinal numbers such as “first” and “second” do not mean the number or order of constituent elements but are used to avoid confusion of similar constituent elements and to distinguish between them.
  • Embodiment 1 An outline of a battery according to Embodiment 1 will first be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 .
  • battery 1 includes power generation element 10 which includes a plurality of plate-shaped unit cells 100. Unit cells 100 are electrically connected in parallel and are stacked in a direction normal to a main surface. Battery 1 is, for example, an all solid-state battery. Battery 1 further includes insulating members 21 and 22 and conductive members 31 and 32.
  • power generation element 10 includes eight unit cells 100.
  • the number of unit cells 100 included in power generation element 10 may be two or more, and may be, for example, two, three or more, or four or more.
  • power generation element 10 in plan view is rectangular as shown in FIG. 2 , the shape is not limited to this shape.
  • the shape of power generation element 10 in plan view may be polygonal such as square, hexagonal, or octagonal, or may be circular, oval, or the like.
  • power generation element 10 includes main surfaces 11 and 12.
  • Main surfaces 11 and 12 face away from each other and are parallel to each other.
  • a direction orthogonal to main surface 11 or main surface 12 is the direction normal to the main surface, and is the direction of the z-axis in the figure.
  • the thickness of each layer is exaggerated to make it easier to understand the layer structure of power generation element 10.
  • power generation element 10 includes side surfaces 13 and 14 which face away from each other and side surfaces 15 and 16 which face away from each other.
  • Side surface 14 is an example of a second side surface, and depressions 14a and projections 14b which are alternately arranged in the direction normal to the main surface are provided.
  • negative electrode layers 110 in unit cells 100 protrude more than positive electrode layers 120.
  • an end surface of positive electrode layer 120 is an inclination surface which is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface, and thus negative electrode layer 110 protrudes more than positive electrode layer 120.
  • Depression 14a includes the inclination surface which is the end surface of positive electrode layer 120.
  • insulating members 22 are arranged in depressions 14a of side surface 14.
  • Conductive member 32 is provided to cover projections 14b of side surface 14. Conductive member 32 corresponds to the extraction electrode of the negative electrode in power generation element 10.
  • negative electrode layers 110 in unit cells 100 are covered by insulating member 21, and positive electrode layers 120 in unit cells 100 protrude more than negative electrode layers 110.
  • positive electrode layers 120 can be easily electrically connected via conductive member 31.
  • unit cell 100 The configuration of unit cell 100 will then be described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • each of unit cells 100 includes negative electrode layer 110, positive electrode layer 120, and solid electrolyte layer 130 located between negative electrode layer 110 and positive electrode layer 120.
  • Negative electrode layer 110 includes negative electrode current collector 111 and negative electrode active material layer 112.
  • Positive electrode layer 120 includes positive electrode current collector 121 and positive electrode active material layer 122.
  • negative electrode current collector 111, negative electrode active material layer 112, solid electrolyte layer 130, positive electrode active material layer 122, and positive electrode current collector 121 are stacked in this order in the direction normal to the main surface.
  • unit cells 100 are substantially the same as each other.
  • the order of arrangement of the individual layers is reversed.
  • positive electrode current collector 121, positive electrode active material layer 122, solid electrolyte layer 130, negative electrode active material layer 112, and negative electrode current collector 111 are stacked in this order toward the positive side of the z-axis.
  • negative electrode current collector 111, negative electrode active material layer 112, solid electrolyte layer 130, positive electrode active material layer 122, and positive electrode current collector 121 are stacked in this order.
  • an adjacent pair of negative electrode layers 110 share negative electrode current collector 111 thereof.
  • negative electrode active material layers 112 are provided on both the main surfaces of negative electrode current collector 111 which is shared.
  • the end surface of negative electrode current collector 111 shared is flush with the end surface of one of the adjacent pair of negative electrode active material layers 112.
  • An adjacent pair of positive electrode layers 120 share positive electrode current collector 121 thereof.
  • positive electrode active material layers 122 are provided on both the main surfaces of positive electrode current collector 121 which is shared.
  • the end surface of positive electrode current collector 121 shared is flush with the end surface of one of the adjacent pair of positive electrode active material layers 122.
  • Each of negative electrode current collector 111 and positive electrode current collector 121 is a conductive member which is foil-shaped, plate-shaped, or mesh-shaped.
  • Each of negative electrode current collector 111 and positive electrode current collector 121 may be, for example, a conductive thin film.
  • Examples of the material of negative electrode current collector 111 and positive electrode current collector 121 which can be used include metals such as stainless steel (SUS), aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni).
  • Negative electrode current collector 111 and positive electrode current collector 121 may be formed using different materials.
  • each of negative electrode current collector 111 and positive electrode current collector 121 is, for example, greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, the thickness is not limited to this range.
  • Negative electrode active material layer 112 is in contact with the main surface of negative electrode current collector 111.
  • Negative electrode current collector 111 may include a current collector layer which is provided in a part where negative electrode current collector 111 is in contact with negative electrode active material layer 112 and which includes a conductive material.
  • Positive electrode active material layer 122 is in contact with the main surface of positive electrode current collector 121.
  • Positive electrode current collector 121 may include a current collector layer which is provided in a part where positive electrode current collector 121 is in contact with positive electrode active material layer 122 and which includes a conductive material.
  • Negative electrode active material layer 112 is arranged on the main surface of negative electrode current collector 111 on the side of positive electrode layer 120. Negative electrode active material layer 112 includes, for example, a negative electrode active material as an electrode material. Negative electrode active material layer 112 is arranged opposite positive electrode active material layer 122.
  • a paste-like paint in which the material contained in negative electrode active material layer 112 is kneaded together with a solvent is applied on the main surface of negative electrode current collector 111 and is dried, and thus negative electrode active material layer 112 is produced.
  • negative electrode layer 110 (which is also referred to as the negative electrode plate) including negative electrode active material layer 112 and negative electrode current collector 111 may be pressed so that the density of negative electrode active material layer 112 is increased.
  • the thickness of negative electrode active material layer 112 is, for example, greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 300 ⁇ m, the thickness is not limited to this range.
  • Positive electrode active material layer 122 is arranged on the main surface of positive electrode current collector 121 on the side of negative electrode layer 110.
  • Positive electrode active material layer 122 is, for example, a layer which includes a positive electrode material such as an active material.
  • the positive electrode material is a material which forms the counter electrode of the negative electrode material.
  • Positive electrode active material layer 122 includes, for example, a positive electrode active material.
  • positive electrode active material contained in positive electrode active material layer 122 examples include lithium cobaltate composite oxide (LCO), lithium nickelate composite oxide (LNO), lithium manganate composite oxide (LMO), lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide (LMNO), lithium-manganese-cobalt composite oxide (LMCO), lithium-nickel-cobalt composite oxide (LNCO), lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt composite oxide (LNMCO), and the like.
  • LCO lithium cobaltate composite oxide
  • LNO lithium nickelate composite oxide
  • LMO lithium manganate composite oxide
  • LMNO lithium-manganese-nickel composite oxide
  • LMCO lithium-manganese-cobalt composite oxide
  • LNCO lithium-nickel-cobalt composite oxide
  • LNMCO lithium-nickel-manganese-cobalt composite oxide
  • a solid electrolyte such as an inorganic solid electrolyte
  • examples of the inorganic solid electrolyte which can be used include a sulfide solid electrolyte, an oxide solid electrolyte, and the like.
  • a sulfide solid electrolyte for example, a mixture of Li 2 S and P 2 S 5 can be used.
  • the surface of the positive electrode active material may be coated with a solid electrolyte.
  • a conductive material such as acetylene black, a binder for binding such as polyvinylidene fluoride, or the like may be used.
  • a paste-like paint in which the material contained in positive electrode active material layer 122 is kneaded together with a solvent is applied on the main surface of positive electrode current collector 121 and is dried, and thus positive electrode active material layer 122 is produced.
  • positive electrode layer 120 (which is also referred to as the positive electrode plate) including positive electrode active material layer 122 and positive electrode current collector 121 may be pressed so that the density of positive electrode active material layer 122 is increased.
  • the thickness of positive electrode active material layer 122 is, for example, greater than or equal to 5 ⁇ m and less than or equal to 300 ⁇ m, the thickness is not limited to this range.
  • Solid electrolyte layer 130 includes a solid electrolyte.
  • a solid electrolyte such as an inorganic solid electrolyte can be used.
  • the inorganic solid electrolyte which can be used include a sulfide solid electrolyte, an oxide solid electrolyte, and the like.
  • a sulfide solid electrolyte for example, a mixture of Li 2 S and P 2 S 5 can be used.
  • Solid electrolyte layer 130 may contain, in addition to the electrolyte material, for example, a binder for binding such as polyvinylidene fluoride or the like.
  • Negative electrode active material layer 112 may be smaller than negative electrode current collector 111 in plan view. In other words, in the main surface of negative electrode current collector 111 on the side of positive electrode layer 120, a part where negative electrode active material layer 112 is not provided may be present. Likewise, positive electrode active material layer 122 may be smaller than positive electrode current collector 121 in plan view. In other words, in the main surface of positive electrode current collector 121 on the side of negative electrode layer 110, a part where positive electrode active material layer 122 is not provided may be present. In the part of the main surface of each current collector where the active material layer is not provided, solid electrolyte layer 130 may be provided.
  • FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a first example of the unit cell included in power generation element 10 in the present embodiment.
  • Each of protrusion portions 113 and 123 is formed by obliquely cutting the end surface of plate-shaped unit cell 100A relative to the direction normal to the main surface.
  • the end surface of unit cell 100A is collectively cut, and thus the end surface is formed into an inclination surface serving as a flat surface which is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface.
  • end surface 103 of unit cell 100A includes end surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110, end surface 120a of positive electrode layer 120, and end surface 130a of solid electrolyte layer 130. End surfaces 110a, 120a, and 130a described above are flush with each other.
  • End surface 104 of unit cell 100A includes end surface 110b of negative electrode layer 110, end surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120, and end surface 130b of solid electrolyte layer 130. End surfaces 110b, 120b, and 130b described above are flush with each other.
  • end surfaces 103 and 104 are, for example, parallel to each other, the present embodiment is not limited to this configuration. At least one of end surface 103 or end surface 104 may be a curved surface which is convex or concave. At least one of end surface 103 or end surface 104 may include a plurality of inclination surfaces whose inclination angles are different.
  • End surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110 is an example of a first inclination surface which is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface.
  • End surface 110a includes end surface 111a of negative electrode current collector 111 and end surface 112a of negative electrode active material layer 112. End surfaces 111a and 112a are flush with each other.
  • End surface 120a of positive electrode layer 120 is an example of a third inclination surface which is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface.
  • End surface 120a includes end surface 121a of positive electrode current collector 121 and end surface 122a of positive electrode active material layer 122. End surfaces 121a and 122a are flush with each other.
  • End surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120 is an example of a second inclination surface which is inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface.
  • End surface 120b includes end surface 121b of positive electrode current collector 121 and end surface 122b of positive electrode active material layer 122. End surfaces 121b and 122b are flush with each other.
  • End surface 110b of negative electrode layer 110 does not need to be an inclination surface, and may be a surface which is orthogonal to the main surface. At least a part of end surface 130b of solid electrolyte layer 130 may be a surface which is orthogonal to the main surface. In other words, only end surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120 or only end surface 120b and a part of end surface 130b of solid electrolyte layer 130 may be an inclination surface.
  • the adjacent pair of unit cells 100 share one current collector.
  • unit cell 100A shown in FIG. 3A not only unit cell 100B shown in FIG. 3B and unit cell 100C shown in FIG. 3C are combined to be stacked.
  • Unit cell 100B shown in FIG. 3B has a configuration in which positive electrode current collector 121 is omitted from unit cell 100A shown in FIG. 3A .
  • positive electrode layer 120B of unit cell 100B includes only positive electrode active material layer 122.
  • Unit cell 100C shown in FIG. 3C has a configuration in which negative electrode current collector 111 is omitted from unit cell 100A shown in FIG. 3A .
  • negative electrode layer 110C of unit cell 100C includes only negative electrode active material layer 112.
  • FIG. 3C as compared with FIGS. 3A and 3B , the order of the layers stacked is reversed.
  • FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of power generation element 10 in the present embodiment.
  • power generation element 10 has a structure in which on unit cell 100C serving as the lowermost layer, unit cells 100B and unit cells 100C are alternately stacked, and unit cell 100A serving as the uppermost layer is stacked on unit cell 100C.
  • the number and the combination of unit cells included in power generation element 10 are not particularly limited. For example, only a plurality of unit cells 100A may be repeatedly stacked. A plurality of unit cells 100A are stacked such that the order of arrangement of the layers is alternately reversed, and thus it is possible to form power generation element 10A shown in FIG. 4B.
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of a variation of the power generation element in the present embodiment.
  • the adjacent pair of unit cells 100A do not share the current collector.
  • two current collectors of the same polarity are placed on top of each other.
  • an adhesive layer may be provided between the current collectors.
  • the adhesive layer is, for example, conductive, the adhesive layer does not need to be conductive.
  • protrusion portions 123 of positive electrode layers 120 are aligned to form projections 13b.
  • protrusion portions 113 of negative electrode layers 110 are aligned to form projections 14b.
  • positive electrode layers 120 protrude to provide projections 13b, and negative electrode layers 110 are depressed to provide depressions 13a.
  • the protrusion portions of positive electrode layers 120 or the protrusion portions of negative electrode layers 110 in the adjacent pair of unit cells 100 are aligned, and thus the same number of projections 13b and the same number of depressions 13a as approximately half the number of unit cells 100 stacked are provided.
  • five projections 13b and four depressions 13a are arranged alternately and repeatedly in the direction normal to the main surface.
  • Depression 13a is an example of a first depression, and includes end surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A , depression 13a includes end surface 111a of negative electrode current collector 111 and end surfaces 112a of two negative electrode active material layers 112. End surfaces 111a and 112a are inclination surfaces, and thus depression 13a is formed.
  • the inclination angle of the end surface is defined as an angle formed by main surface 11 and the end surface, and is, for example, greater than or equal to 30° and less than or equal to 60°. Although the inclination angle is 45° as an example, the inclination angle is not limited to this angle. As the inclination angle is decreased, deeper depression 13a can be formed, and thus it is possible to suppress the occurrence of a short circuit. As the inclination angle is increased, a larger effective area of unit cell 100 can be secured, and thus it is possible to achieve a high capacity density. The same is true for depression 14a which will be described later.
  • Projection 13b is an example of a first projection, and includes end surface 120a of positive electrode layer 120. Specifically, projection 13b includes end surface 121a of positive electrode current collector 121 and end surfaces 122a of two positive electrode active material layers 122. End surfaces 121a and 122a are inclination surfaces, and thus the distance between the tip end of projection 13b and depression 13a can be increased.
  • negative electrode layers 110 protrude to provide projections 14b, and positive electrode layers 120 are depressed to provide depressions 14a.
  • the protrusion portions of positive electrode layers 120 or the protrusion portions of negative electrode layers 110 in the adjacent pair of unit cells 100 are aligned, and thus the same number of projections 14b and the same number of depressions 14a as approximately half the number of unit cells 100 stacked are provided.
  • four projections 14b and five depressions 14a are arranged alternately and repeatedly in the direction normal to the main surface.
  • Depression 14a is an example of a second depression, and includes end surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4A , depression 14a includes end surface 121b of positive electrode current collector 121 and end surfaces 122b of two positive electrode active material layers 122. End surfaces 121b and 122b are inclination surfaces, and thus depression 14a is formed.
  • Projection 14b is an example of a second projection, and includes end surface 110b of negative electrode layer 110. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4B , projection 14b includes end surface 111b of negative electrode current collector 111 and end surfaces 112b of two negative electrode active material layers 112. End surfaces 111b and 112b are inclination surfaces, and thus the distance between the tip end of projection 14b and depression 14a can be increased.
  • Insulating members 21 and 22 will then be described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • end surfaces 110a, 110b, 120a, 120b, 130a, and 130b are as shown in FIG. 4A .
  • Insulating member 21 is an example of a first insulating member, and is arranged in depression 13a as shown in FIG. 1 . Specifically, insulating member 21 covers end surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110. Specifically, insulating member 21 covers entire end surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110 and end surface 130a of solid electrolyte layer 130. Insulating member 21 may cover end surface 122a of positive electrode active material layer 122. Insulating member 21 does not cover end surface 121a of positive electrode current collector 121. Insulating member 21 is provided in side surface 13, and thus in side surface 13, end surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110 is not exposed, and at least a part of end surface 120a of positive electrode layer 120 is exposed.
  • Insulating member 22 is an example of a second insulating member, and is arranged in depression 14a. Specifically, insulating member 22 covers end surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120. Specifically, insulating member 22 covers entire end surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120 and end surface 130b of solid electrolyte layer 130. Insulating member 22 may cover end surface 112b of negative electrode active material layer 112. Insulating member 22 does not cover end surface 111b of negative electrode current collector 111. Insulating member 22 is provided in side surface 14, and thus in side surface 14, end surface 120b of positive electrode layer 120 is not exposed, and at least a part of end surface 110b of negative electrode layer 110 is exposed.
  • Each of insulating members 21 and 22 is formed using an insulating material which is electrically insulating.
  • an insulating material for example, an epoxy resin material can be used, an inorganic material may be used.
  • the insulating material which can be used is selected based on various properties such as flexibility, a gas barrier property, impact resistance, and heat resistance.
  • insulating members 21 and 22 are formed using the same material, they may be formed using different materials.
  • an insulating member may be arranged in each of side surfaces 15 and 16, an insulating member may be arranged.
  • the insulating members may cover entire side surfaces 15 and 16, and may be connected to insulating members 21 arranged in depressions 13a of side surface 13 and insulating members 22 arranged in depressions 14a of side surface 14.
  • insulating members 21 and 22 may be integrally formed with the insulating members which cover side surfaces 15 and 16.
  • Each of outer surface 21a of insulating member 21 and outer surface 22a of insulating member 22 is a flat surface.
  • Each of outer surfaces 21a and 22a is orthogonal to the main surface.
  • Outer surfaces 21a and 22a are respectively located inward of the tip ends of projections 13b and 14b.
  • the shapes of insulating members 21 and 22 are not limited to those in the example shown in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a variation of the insulating members in the present embodiment.
  • Insulating members 221 and 222 shown in FIG. 5 have outer surfaces 221a and 222a which are convexly curved outward. In this case, a part of outer surface 221a may protrude more than the tip end of projection 13b. A part of outer surface 222a may protrude more than the tip end of projection 14b. At least one of outer surface 221a or outer surface 222a may be concavely curved.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing another variation of the insulating members in the present embodiment.
  • Insulating members 321 and 322 shown in FIG. 6 have outer surfaces 321a and 322a which are flat surfaces orthogonal to the main surface. Outer surfaces 321a are flush with the tip ends of projections 13b. Outer surfaces 322a are flush with the tip ends of projections 14b.
  • Conductive members 31 and 32 will then be described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • Conductive member 31 is an example of a first conductive member, and is in contact with projections 13b. Specifically, conductive member 31 covers insulating members 21. More specifically, conductive member 31 is provided to be in contact with projections 13b so as to straddle insulating members 21. In this way, conductive member 31 electrically connects positive electrode layers 120 to function as the extraction electrode of the positive electrode in battery 1. In the present embodiment, conductive member 31 covers entire side surface 13 from the end of main surface 11 to the end of main surface 12 in power generation element 10.
  • Conductive member 32 is an example of a second conductive member, and is in contact with projections 14b. Specifically, conductive member 32 covers insulating members 22. More specifically, conductive member 32 is provided to be in contact with projections 14b so as to straddle insulating members 22. In this way, conductive member 32 electrically connects negative electrode layers 110 to function as the extraction electrode of the negative electrode in battery 1. In the present embodiment, conductive member 32 covers entire side surface 14 from the end of main surface 11 to the end of main surface 12 in power generation element 10.
  • Conductive members 31 and 32 are formed using a resin material or the like which is conductive. Conductive members 31 and 32 may also be formed using a metal material such as solder. The conductive material which can be used is selected based on various properties such as flexibility, a gas barrier property, impact resistance, heat resistance, and solder wettability. Although conductive members 31 and 32 are formed using the same material, they may be formed using different materials.
  • a plurality of plate-shaped unit cells are first prepared (S10).
  • the prepared unit cells are, for example, unit cells in which the end surfaces of unit cells 100A, 100B, and 100C shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C have not been processed.
  • the end surfaces which have not been processed are, for example, flat surfaces orthogonal to the main surface, they may be inclination surfaces.
  • the end surfaces of the prepared unit cells are processed to be inclined (S20). Specifically, in the first end surface of each of the unit cells, end surface 110a of negative electrode layer 110 is processed into an inclination surface, and thus positive electrode layer 120 is caused to protrude more than negative electrode layer 110. Furthermore, in the second end surface of each of the unit cells, end surface 120a of positive electrode layer 120 is processed into an inclination surface, and thus negative electrode layer 110 is caused to protrude more than positive electrode layer 120.
  • the first end surface and the second end surface are end surfaces 103 and 104 shown in FIG. 3A which have not been processed. The same is true for unit cells 100B and 100C.
  • the end faces are processed by cutting using a cutting blade or polishing.
  • the cutting blade is obliquely inclined relative to the direction normal to the main surface, and thus the end surfaces of the unit cells are formed into the inclination surfaces.
  • polishing physical or chemical polishing can be utilized.
  • the method for forming the inclination surface is not limited to these methods.
  • insulating members 21 and 22 are respectively arranged in depressions 13a and 14a (S40). Specifically, insulating members 21 are arranged to cover end surfaces 110a of negative electrode layers 110 included in depressions 13a, and insulating members 22 are arranged to cover end surfaces 120b of positive electrode layer 120 included in depressions 14a.
  • Insulating members 21 and 22 are arranged, for example, by applying and curing a flowable resin material.
  • the application is performed, for example, by inkjet or screen printing or by dipping the end surfaces of the unit cells in the resin material.
  • the curing is performed by drying, heating, application of light, or the like depending on the resin material used.
  • conductive member 31 which electrically connects protrusion portions 123 of positive electrode layers 120 is arranged, and conductive member 32 which electrically connects protrusion portions 113 of negative electrode layers 110 is arranged (S50).
  • a conductive resin is applied and cured to cover outer surfaces 21a of insulating members 21 and projections 13b which are not covered by insulating members 21, and thus conductive member 31 is arranged.
  • a conductive resin is applied and cured to cover outer surfaces 22a of insulating members 22 and projections 14b which are not covered by conductive members 22, and thus conductive member 32 is arranged.
  • Conductive members 31 and 32 may be formed, for example, by printing, plating, vapor deposition, sputtering, welding, soldering, joining, or another method.
  • Battery 1 shown in FIG. 1 can be manufactured through the steps described above.
  • steps S10 and S20 one large unit cell is prepared, and the prepared unit cell is obliquely cut into pieces, with the result that a plurality of unit cells whose end surfaces are inclination surfaces may be formed.
  • steps S10 and S20 may be performed in the same step.
  • a unit cell which includes both negative electrode current collectors 111 and positive electrode current collectors 121 is cut into pieces, and thus it is possible to form a plurality of unit cells 100A.
  • Unit cells 100A described above are stacked, and thus it is possible to easily form power generation element 10A shown in FIG. 4B .
  • a step of individually pressing the prepared unit cells in the direction normal to the main surface or a step of stacking a plurality of unit cells and thereafter pressing them in the direction normal to the main surface may be performed.
  • FIG. 7A where the arrangement of insulating members 21 and 22 (S40) is performed after the stacking of the unit cells (S30), the present embodiment is not limited to this example.
  • the stacking of the unit cells (S30) may be performed after the arrangement of the insulating members (S40).
  • FIG. 7B is a flowchart showing another example of the method for manufacturing battery 1 according to the present embodiment.
  • step S10 unit cells in which the inclination surfaces are previously formed in the end surfaces may be prepared.
  • unit cells 100A, 100B, or 100C shown in FIGS. 3A to 3C may be prepared.
  • processing (S20) in which the end surfaces are processed can be omitted.
  • Embodiment 2 will then be described.
  • Embodiment 2 differs from Embodiment 1 in that in the method for manufacturing a battery, a step of flattening the end surfaces of the projections is included. Differences from Embodiment 1 will be mainly described below, and the description of common points will be omitted or simplified.
  • FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of battery 401 according to the present embodiment.
  • battery 401 includes power generation element 410 and insulating members 421 and 422. Although battery 401 includes conductive members 31 and 32 as in Embodiment 1, the illustration thereof will be omitted in FIG. 8 .
  • Side surface 413 of power generation element 410 includes depressions 13a and projections 413b which are arranged alternately and repeatedly.
  • Each of projections 413b includes flat surface 413c.
  • Side surface 414 of power generation element 410 includes depressions 14a and projections 414b which are arranged alternately and repeatedly.
  • Each of projections 414b includes flat surface 414c.
  • projections 413b and 414b are flattened, and thus it is possible to increase the strength of projections 413b and 414b.
  • Flat surfaces 413c are flush with outer surfaces 421a of insulating members 421, flat surfaces 414c are flush with outer surfaces 422a of insulating members 422, and thus projections 413b and 414b can be securely supported. In this way, the risk of collapse of positive electrode active material layers 122 and negative electrode active material layers 112 can be reduced, and thus it is possible to enhance the reliability of battery 401.
  • a method for manufacturing battery 401 according to the present embodiment will then be described with reference to FIGS. 9A and 9B .
  • the side surfaces of power generation element 410 are flattened (S45). Specifically, protrusion portions 123 (that is, projections 413b) of positive electrode layers 120 and insulating members 421 are flattened, and protrusion portions 113 (that is, projections 414b) of negative electrode layers 110 and insulating members 422 are flattened. For example, the protrusion portions are exposed, and the side surfaces are polished until flat surfaces 413c and 414c are formed. Instead of the polishing, cutting may be performed.
  • Sealing members 540 may include a particulate metal oxide material.
  • the metal oxide material which can be used include silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, iron oxide, tungsten oxide, zirconium oxide, calcium oxide, zeolite, glass, and the like.
  • sealing members 540 may be formed using a resin material in which a plurality of particles of the metal oxide material are dispersed.
  • the particle size of the metal oxide material may be less than or equal to the distance between positive electrode current collector 121 and negative electrode current collector 111.
  • examples of the particle shape of the metal oxide material include a spherical shape, an ellipsoidal shape, a rod shape, and the like, the present embodiment is not limited to these shapes.
  • the mountability can be enhanced. Gaps are formed between battery 501 and the mounting substrate, and thus heat dissipation performance is enhanced.
  • At least one of conductive member 31 or conductive member 32 may be provided to be located above the current collector in the uppermost layer of power generation element 10. Specifically, at least one of conductive member 31 or conductive member 32 may cover a part of the outer surface of sealing member 540 which covers main surface 12 of power generation element 10.
  • Embodiment 4 will then be described.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of battery 601 according to the present embodiment.
  • battery 601 differs from battery 1 according to Embodiment 1 in that battery 601 includes conductive members 631 and 632 instead of conductive members 31 and 32.
  • First layer 631a is the innermost layer in the multilayer structure, and covers protrusion portions 123 of positive electrode layers 120 which are exposed to side surface 13.
  • first layer 631a is formed using a conductive material which is in good contact with positive electrode layers 120.
  • Conductive member 632 has a multilayer structure. Specifically, conductive member 631 includes first layer 632a and second layer 632b.
  • First layer 632a is the innermost layer in the multilayer structure, and covers protrusion portions 113 of negative electrode layers 110 which are exposed to side surface 14.
  • first layer 632a is formed using a conductive material which is in good contact with negative electrode layers 110.
  • Second layer 632b is the outermost layer in the multilayer structure, and is exposed to the outside of battery 601.
  • Second layer 632b is, for example, a plating layer or a solder layer.
  • Second layer 632b is formed, for example, by a method such as plating, printing, or soldering.
  • first layer 631a or first layer 632a may be higher than that of second layer 631b or second layer 632b.
  • second layer 631b or second layer 632b may be more excellent in flexibility, impact resistance, or solder wettability than first layer 631a or first layer 632a.
  • Second layer 631b does not need to cover the entire outer surface of first layer 631a. Second layer 631b may cover only a part of first layer 631a. For example, when battery 601 is mounted on a substrate, second layer 631b may be formed on only the mounting part of the substrate.
  • the number of layers included in conductive member 631 or conductive member 632 may be greater than or equal to three. At least one of conductive member 631 or conductive member 632 may have a single-layer structure as in Embodiment 1.
  • Embodiment 5 will then be described.
  • Embodiment 5 differs from Embodiment 1 in that insulating members include gaps. Differences from Embodiment 1 will be mainly described below, and the description of common points will be omitted or simplified.
  • FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional configuration of battery 701 according to the present embodiment.
  • battery 701 differs from battery 1 according to Embodiment 1 in that battery 701 includes insulating members 721 and 722 instead of insulating members 21 and 22.
  • Gap 723 is a space in which a predetermined gas is sealed.
  • the gas is, for example, dried air, the present embodiment is not limited to the dried air.
  • the size and shape of gap 723 are not particularly limited.
  • Gaps 723 may be provided between insulating members 721 and side surface 13 of power generation element 10 or between insulating members 722 and side surface 14 of power generation element 10.
  • Gaps 723 may also be provided between insulating members 721 and conductive member 31 or between insulating members 722 and conductive member 32.
  • gaps 723 are provided in insulating members 721 or insulating members 722, and thus stress relaxation for expansion and contraction associated with charging and discharging of battery 701, mechanical impact, and the like can be performed. In this way, the possibility that battery 701 is destroyed is reduced, and thus reliability can be enhanced.
  • unit cell 100 does not need to be limited to the minimum unit which includes negative electrode layer 110, positive electrode layer 120, and solid electrolyte layer 130.
  • Unit cell 100 may include a few minimum units which are stacked in the direction normal to the main surface.
  • the present disclosure is not limited to this example.
  • the first side surface may be side surface 15 or side surface 16.
  • the first side surface in which the positive electrode layers protrude more than the negative electrode layers and the second side surface in which the negative electrode layers protrude more than the positive electrode layers may be connected to each other.
  • the first side surface and the second side surface may be side surfaces 15 and 16, respectively. In other words, an electrode may be drawn from a long side of rectangular power generation element 10 in plan view.
  • the first side surface and the second side surface may be one side surface of power generation element 10.
  • the first side surface may be a part of any one of side surfaces 13 to 16, and the second side surface may be another part of the side surface.
  • the present disclosure can be utilized, for example, as batteries for electronic devices, electrical apparatuses, electric vehicles, and the like.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
EP21925861.3A 2021-02-15 2021-12-23 Batterie und verfahren zur herstellung der batterie Pending EP4293774A1 (de)

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PCT/JP2021/047812 WO2022172618A1 (ja) 2021-02-15 2021-12-23 電池および電池の製造方法

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JP2009016188A (ja) 2007-07-05 2009-01-22 Toyota Motor Corp 電池
US20110183183A1 (en) * 2010-01-26 2011-07-28 Grady Steven C Battery arrays, constructions and method
WO2015173686A1 (en) 2014-05-16 2015-11-19 Semiconductor Energy Laboratory Co., Ltd. Electronic device with secondary battery
WO2017014233A1 (ja) * 2015-07-22 2017-01-26 株式会社豊田自動織機 リチウムイオン二次電池の電極組立体及びその製造方法
JP6962373B2 (ja) 2017-08-23 2021-11-05 株式会社村田製作所 積層構造体及びその製造方法、並びに、ロールプレス装置
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