EP4279636A1 - Dispositif d'électrolyse - Google Patents

Dispositif d'électrolyse Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4279636A1
EP4279636A1 EP22174135.8A EP22174135A EP4279636A1 EP 4279636 A1 EP4279636 A1 EP 4279636A1 EP 22174135 A EP22174135 A EP 22174135A EP 4279636 A1 EP4279636 A1 EP 4279636A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electrolysis
unit
liquid
end plates
units
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22174135.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Bergins
Gerd Becker
Torsten Gerhard Buddenberg
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Original Assignee
Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries Ltd filed Critical Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH
Priority to EP22174135.8A priority Critical patent/EP4279636A1/fr
Priority to CA3198160A priority patent/CA3198160A1/fr
Priority to BR102023008892-9A priority patent/BR102023008892A2/pt
Priority to AU2023202917A priority patent/AU2023202917A1/en
Priority to US18/197,356 priority patent/US20230374675A1/en
Priority to CN202310560572.4A priority patent/CN117089869A/zh
Publication of EP4279636A1 publication Critical patent/EP4279636A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01—Products
    • C25B1/02—Hydrogen or oxygen
    • C25B1/04—Hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis of water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • C25B9/66—Electric inter-cell connections including jumper switches
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/70—Assemblies comprising two or more cells
    • C25B9/73—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type
    • C25B9/75—Assemblies comprising two or more cells of the filter-press type having bipolar electrodes

Definitions

  • the present invention is based on an electrolysis device.
  • Electrolysis devices are known in various designs. Generally speaking, an electrolysis device comprises a number of electrolysis units. The number can be 1 or greater than 1.
  • the electrolysis units each include a first and a second end plate.
  • the electrolysis units often also comprise an intermediate plate, sometimes also several intermediate plates, arranged between the first and second end plates. One of the intermediate plates can be arranged in the middle between the two end plates.
  • the electrolysis units each have a stack of electrolysis cells between two plates - alternatively this can be the two end plates, an end plate and an intermediate plate or two intermediate plates - with the electrolysis cells of the respective stack being electrically connected in series.
  • the electrolysis cells each have a first electrode and a second electrode, on which an electrolysis liquid is electrolytically split, so that after the electrolytic splitting the electrolysis liquid is supplied with a first electrolysis gas in the area of the respective first electrode and with a second electrolysis gas in the area of the respective second electrode is offset.
  • the electrolysis device also has a rectifier unit which has a first output first potential and a second potential is available via a second output.
  • An intermediate plate is arranged between the two end plates and is connected to the second output and grounded.
  • a total of three intermediate plates are present in addition to the two end plates.
  • the two end plates and the middle of the three intermediate plates are connected to the second output and grounded.
  • the two remaining intermediate plates are connected to the first output.
  • a total of two intermediate plates are present in addition to the two end plates.
  • An end plate and an intermediate plate are connected to the first output.
  • the other end plate and the other intermediate plate are connected to the second output and grounded. The connection is such that the intermediate plate connected to the first output is located between the two plates connected to the second output and, conversely, the intermediate plate connected to the second output is also located between the two plates connected to the first output.
  • an electrolysis device (hereinafter: prior art 6) is also known, which comprises a first and a second electrolysis unit, the first and the second electrolysis unit each comprising a first and a second end plate.
  • the electrolysis units have no intermediate plates, so that the stacks of electrolysis cells extend from the first to the second end plate of the respective electrolysis unit.
  • the first end plate of the first electrolysis unit and the first end plate of the second electrolysis unit are electrically connected to one another and grounded.
  • the first output of the rectifier unit is connected to the second end plate of the first electrolysis unit, the second output of the rectifier unit is connected to the second end plate of the second electrolysis unit.
  • Connections for supplying and discharging electrolysis liquid (when supplying without electrolysis gas, when discharging with one of the electrolysis gases) are arranged in the area of the first end plates of the two electrolysis units.
  • renewable energies are required to a considerable extent.
  • One option for storing renewable energy is the electrolysis of water from electrical energy generated by photovoltaics, wind power or other environmentally friendly means.
  • water is split into oxygen and hydrogen, the hydrogen is separated and stored and can then be moved to another location or, for example, used to drive a motor vehicle.
  • the associated electrolysis liquid is often an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide solution (KOH), with the concentration usually in the range between 20% and 30%. In some cases other liquids are used, and in rare cases gases other than hydrogen and oxygen are also produced.
  • KOH potassium hydroxide solution
  • Electrolysis should - of course - be as energy efficient as possible.
  • the losses within the rectifier unit are essentially proportional to the switched current, but relatively independent of the switched operating voltage. Increasing the operating voltage while maintaining the switched current therefore contributes to an improved energy balance.
  • the voltage (cell voltage) required for an individual electrolysis cell is determined by the materials used for the electrodes in this electrolysis cell and the electrochemical processes that occur during electrolysis.
  • the cell voltage is usually in the range of a few volts. In order to be able to use higher operating voltages (several 100 V), a corresponding number of electrolysis cells must be connected in series.
  • the end plates should be at ground potential if possible. On the one hand, this automatically ensures touch safety. Furthermore, this avoids all kinds of problems that arise when connecting the electrolysis liquid (with or without electrolysis gas). Cables to the media connections are created if they have a potential that is different from the ground potential.
  • the object of the present invention is to create possibilities by means of which the problems of the prior art are completely avoided.
  • the first and second end plates of the first and second electrolysis units are electrically connected to one another. This simplifies the operation of the electrolysis device even further. Because regardless of the specific potential of the end plates, the potential of the end plates is uniformly the same for all four end plates. In this case, it is particularly preferred if the first and second end plates of the first and second electrolysis units are electrically grounded - be it directly for each end plate or indirectly for at least one of the end plates via one of the other end plates.
  • the rectifier unit is preferably designed in such a way that it provides the first and second potential without a fixed reference to ground. This configuration simplifies the design of the rectifier unit and also simplifies the operation of the electrolysis device as a whole.
  • the decoupling of the rectifier unit from the ground potential can be achieved particularly easily by placing a transformer unit upstream of the rectifier unit, via which the rectifier unit is supplied with the electrical energy required for its operation.
  • the first and second end plates of the first and second electrolysis units have media connections for supplying the electrolysis liquid, for discharging the electrolysis liquid mixed with the first electrolysis gas and for discharging the electrolysis liquid mixed with the second electrolysis gas.
  • This allows the corresponding lines to be connected to both end plates of both electrolysis units, thus optimizing heat dissipation and the general operation of the electrolysis device.
  • the intermediate plates have no passages for the electrolysis liquid, so that the flow direction of the electrolysis liquid is reversed at the respective intermediate plate.
  • the two stacks of a respective electrolysis unit work separately from one another in terms of fluid technology.
  • the intermediate plates only have passages for the electrolysis liquid (i.e. without electrolysis gases), but have no passages for the electrolysis liquid mixed with the first electrolysis gas and the electrolysis liquid mixed with the second electrolysis gas. In this case, even with different pressure drops from the two end plates of a respective electrolysis unit to the intermediate plate of the respective electrolysis unit, the best possible flow through the electrolysis cells and thus good heat dissipation takes place.
  • the intermediate plates prefferably have passages for both the electrolysis liquid and for the electrolysis liquid mixed with the first electrolysis gas and the electrolysis liquid mixed with the second electrolysis gas.
  • the passages for the electrolysis liquid mixed with the first electrolysis gas and the electrolysis liquid mixed with the second electrolysis gas are separate from each other and separate from the passages for the electrolysis liquid as such (i.e. without electrolysis gases).
  • the first and second electrolysis units are arranged next to one another, so that the directions from the respective first end plate to the respective second end plate run parallel and, viewed in the directions mentioned, the first end plates are arranged at the same height and/or the second end plates at the same Height are arranged.
  • This not only minimizes the required floor space as such, but also results in short routes for cable routing from the rectifier unit to the connections of the intermediate plates.
  • the rectifier unit is located in front of the first end plates, viewed in the direction from the respective first end plate to the respective second end plate of a respective electrolysis unit, and, viewed orthogonally to the directions mentioned, in the area between the two sides of the two facing away from the other electrolysis unit Electrolysis units are located.
  • connection of the intermediate plate of the first electrolysis unit is on the one facing the second electrolysis unit Side of the first electrolysis unit is arranged and conversely the connection of the intermediate plate of the second electrolysis unit is arranged on the side of the second electrolysis unit facing the first electrolysis unit.
  • the rectifier unit has transistors, in particular FETs or IGBTs, for switching the first and second potentials to the first and second outputs. This results in optimized operation of the rectifier unit.
  • an electrolysis device comprises a first electrolysis unit 1 and a second electrolysis unit 2.
  • the first electrolysis unit 1 comprises a first end plate 3 and a second end plate 4 and - approximately or exactly - in the middle between the two end plates 3, 4 an intermediate plate 5.
  • the second electrolysis unit 2 comprises a first end plate 6 and a second end plate 7 and - approximately or exactly - an intermediate plate 8 in the middle between the two end plates 6, 7.
  • the electrolysis cells 9 of the stacks are each electrically connected in series within the respective stack. This is in FIG 2 shown for the stack that extends from the intermediate plate 5 of the first electrolysis unit 1 to the first end plate 3 of the first electrolysis unit 1. Similar circumstances apply to the other stacks.
  • the electrolysis cells 9 themselves point according to FIG 3 each having a first electrode 10 and a second electrode 11.
  • An electrolysis liquid 12 is pumped through the electrolysis cells 9.
  • the electrolysis liquid 12 is split electrolytically at the electrodes 10, 11.
  • the splitting creates a first electrolysis gas 13 and a second electrolysis gas 14.
  • 9 membranes 15 are arranged in the electrolysis cells, which are permeable to ions contained in the electrolysis liquid 12, but not to the electrolysis gases 13, 14.
  • the structure and mode of operation the electrolysis cells 9 is generally known to those skilled in the art.
  • the electrolysis liquid 12 is an aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide and the electrolysis gases 13, 14 are hydrogen and oxygen. In principle, however, the present invention is not limited to this specific embodiment.
  • the electrolysis liquid 12 is only partially split.
  • the remaining electrolysis liquid 12 is due the splitting at the electrodes 10, 11 in the area of the first electrode 10 with the first electrolysis gas 13 and in the area of the second electrode 11 with the second electrolysis gas 14.
  • the structure of the electrolysis device is of a conventional nature and therefore does not need to be explained in more detail.
  • FIG 4 represents a minimal configuration - on the one hand the first end plates 3, 6 of the two electrolysis units 1, 2 are electrically connected to one another and on the other hand the second end plates 4, 7 of the two electrolysis units 1, 2 are electrically connected to one another.
  • the four end plates 3, 4, 6, 7 are electrically connected to one another.
  • the four end plates 3, 4, 6, 7 can be electrically grounded.
  • the electrolysis device also has a rectifier unit 16.
  • the rectifier unit 16 provides a first potential P1 via a first output 17 and a second potential P2 via a second output 18.
  • the rectifier unit 16 is preferably designed in such a way that it provides the potentials P1, P2 without a fixed reference to ground. This is in FIG 4 indicated by the fact that a ground symbol on the rectifier unit 16 is crossed out.
  • the rectifier unit 16 points as shown in FIG 4 to switch the first and second potentials P1, P2 to the first and second outputs 17, 18, preferably transistors.
  • the transistors can be, for example, FETs or IGBTs.
  • the potentials P1, P2 have different values from one another. Their difference thus defines an output voltage U of the rectifier unit 16, which also represents the operating voltage of the electrolysis device.
  • the first output 17 of the rectifier unit 16 is connected to a connection 19 of the intermediate plate 5 of the first electrolysis unit 1 electrically connected.
  • the second output 18 of the rectifier unit 16 is electrically connected to a connection 20 of the intermediate plate 8 of the second electrolysis unit 2.
  • the electrolysis liquid 12 must be supplied to the electrolysis units 1, 2. Furthermore, the electrolysis liquid 12 mixed with the two electrolysis gases 13, 14 - separately for both electrolysis gases 13, 14 - must be removed again from the electrolysis units 1, 2. For this purpose, at least one of the end plates 3, 4, 6, 7 of each electrolysis unit 1, 2 has media connections 21. Preferably, as shown in FIG 4 even both end plates 3, 4, 6, 7 of both electrolysis units 1, 2 have the corresponding media connections 21.
  • the intermediate plates 5, 8 can have passages for the passage of the electrolysis liquid 12 (with and without electrolysis gases 13, 14). However, at least the passages for the electrolysis liquid 12 mixed with the first electrolysis gas 13 and the electrolysis liquid 12 mixed with the second electrolysis gas 14 are separate from one another and separate from the passages for the electrolysis liquid 12 as such (i.e. without electrolysis gases 13, 14). Alternatively, the intermediate plates 5, 8 have no such passages. The flow direction of the electrolysis liquid 12 is thus reversed at the respective intermediate plate 5, 8, so that it first flows from one of the end plates 3, 4, 6, 7 to the relevant intermediate plate 5, 8 and then flows back to the same end plate 3, 4, 6, 7. Alternatively, the intermediate plates 5, 8 can only have passages for the electrolysis liquid 12 (i.e. without electrolysis gases 13, 14), but no passages for the electrolysis liquid 12 mixed with the first electrolysis gas 13 and the electrolysis liquid 12 mixed with the second electrolysis gas 14.
  • the rectifier unit 16 must be supplied with the electrical energy required for its operation. This is preferably done from a supply network 22. Regardless of the type of supply, however, a transformer unit 23 is preferably arranged upstream of the rectifier unit 16.
  • the supply network 22, the transformer unit 23 and the rectifier unit 16 are preferably designed to be three-phase. However, this is not absolutely necessary.
  • the first and second electrolysis units 1, 2 are arranged next to each other.
  • the directions from the respective first end plate 3, 6 to the respective second end plate 4, 7 thus run parallel.
  • the first end plates 3, 6 are preferably arranged at the same height.
  • the second end plates 4, 7 can also be arranged at the same height.
  • the rectifier unit 16 is preferably arranged in front of the electrolysis units 1, 2. This specifically means that the rectifier unit 16 is located in front of the first end plates 3, 6 as seen in the direction from the respective first end plate 3, 6 to the respective second end plate 4, 7 of a respective electrolysis unit 1, 2 and seen orthogonally to the mentioned directions in the area between the two sides of the two electrolysis units 1, 2 facing away from the other electrolysis unit 2, 1.
  • connection 19 of the intermediate plate 5 of the first electrolysis unit 1 is preferably arranged on the side of the first electrolysis unit 1 facing the second electrolysis unit 2.
  • connection 20 of the intermediate plate 8 of the second electrolysis unit 2 is preferably arranged on the side of the second electrolysis unit 2 facing the first electrolysis unit 1.
  • the present invention has many advantages. In particular, this results in a simple and superior operation of the electrolysis device, both from a fluid technology perspective and from an electrical engineering perspective, which is also energy efficient.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
EP22174135.8A 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Dispositif d'électrolyse Pending EP4279636A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22174135.8A EP4279636A1 (fr) 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Dispositif d'électrolyse
CA3198160A CA3198160A1 (fr) 2022-05-18 2023-04-28 Dispositif d'electrolyse
BR102023008892-9A BR102023008892A2 (pt) 2022-05-18 2023-05-09 Dispositivo de eletrólise
AU2023202917A AU2023202917A1 (en) 2022-05-18 2023-05-10 Electrolysis device
US18/197,356 US20230374675A1 (en) 2022-05-18 2023-05-15 Electrolysis device
CN202310560572.4A CN117089869A (zh) 2022-05-18 2023-05-17 电解装置

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP22174135.8A EP4279636A1 (fr) 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Dispositif d'électrolyse

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4279636A1 true EP4279636A1 (fr) 2023-11-22

Family

ID=82117209

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22174135.8A Pending EP4279636A1 (fr) 2022-05-18 2022-05-18 Dispositif d'électrolyse

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20230374675A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4279636A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN117089869A (fr)
AU (1) AU2023202917A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR102023008892A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3198160A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2114043A5 (en) * 1970-11-13 1972-06-30 Rhone Progil Bipolar electrolysis cell assembly - with electrolyte passing in parallel through cells electrically in series
US20100012503A1 (en) 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Next Hydrogen Corporation Electrolyser module
US20130140171A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2013-06-06 Next Hydrogen Corporation Electrolyser module
CN113445070A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2021-09-28 扬州中电制氢设备有限公司 一种模块化电解槽组

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2114043A5 (en) * 1970-11-13 1972-06-30 Rhone Progil Bipolar electrolysis cell assembly - with electrolyte passing in parallel through cells electrically in series
US20100012503A1 (en) 2008-07-15 2010-01-21 Next Hydrogen Corporation Electrolyser module
US20130140171A1 (en) * 2008-07-15 2013-06-06 Next Hydrogen Corporation Electrolyser module
CN113445070A (zh) * 2020-07-01 2021-09-28 扬州中电制氢设备有限公司 一种模块化电解槽组

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN117089869A (zh) 2023-11-21
BR102023008892A2 (pt) 2023-11-28
CA3198160A1 (fr) 2023-11-18
US20230374675A1 (en) 2023-11-23
AU2023202917A1 (en) 2023-12-07

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