EP4261849A1 - Rail d'alimentation - Google Patents

Rail d'alimentation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4261849A1
EP4261849A1 EP22168648.8A EP22168648A EP4261849A1 EP 4261849 A1 EP4261849 A1 EP 4261849A1 EP 22168648 A EP22168648 A EP 22168648A EP 4261849 A1 EP4261849 A1 EP 4261849A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
glass fiber
busbar
winding layer
fiber winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22168648.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ewald Koppensteiner
Jürgen Hochstöger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HPW Metallwerk GmbH
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HPW Metallwerk GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HPW Metallwerk GmbH filed Critical HPW Metallwerk GmbH
Priority to EP22168648.8A priority Critical patent/EP4261849A1/fr
Publication of EP4261849A1 publication Critical patent/EP4261849A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/08—Flat or ribbon cables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/02—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances
    • H01B3/08—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of inorganic substances quartz; glass; glass wool; slag wool; vitreous enamels
    • H01B3/084—Glass or glass wool in binder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/18—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring
    • H01B7/182—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments
    • H01B7/183—Protection against damage caused by wear, mechanical force or pressure; Sheaths; Armouring comprising synthetic filaments forming part of an outer sheath
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/17—Protection against damage caused by external factors, e.g. sheaths or armouring
    • H01B7/29—Protection against damage caused by extremes of temperature or by flame

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a busbar for conducting electrical current in a line system, preferably of a vehicle with at least one electric motor, wherein the busbar has an electrically conductive conductor core and an electrically insulating coating encasing the conductor core, the insulating coating comprising at least one insulation layer made of a thermoplastic.
  • a busbar often also referred to as a conductor rail, busbar or, based on the English technical term, busbar, is usually an alternative to conventional electrical cables.
  • the conductor core of the busbar is usually designed as a single conductor, so that the entire conductor cross section can be used for power transmission.
  • the conductor cross-sectional area is usually between 20 and 400 mm 2 , typically, particularly in the field of electromobility, between 50 and 150 mm 2 .
  • the conductor core is designed as a flat conductor, i.e. with a rectangular cross section, with a longitudinal dimension being larger than a width dimension.
  • the edges are preferably rounded, with semicircular broad sides optionally also being provided.
  • Suitable materials for the conductor core are, in particular, electrically conductive metals, preferably copper or aluminum or corresponding copper or aluminum alloys.
  • the insulating coating applied to the conductor core serves on the one hand as contact protection to prevent short circuits within the cable system and on the other hand as contact protection to prevent people, For example, maintenance or assembly technicians cannot touch the live conductor core during operation in order to avoid injuries, especially electric shocks.
  • the insulating coating is generally applied to the entire surface of the conductor core and thus encases it.
  • the sheathing is usually only interrupted at connection points where the busbar can be connected to other conductors, for example.
  • at least the end faces of the busbar or, if applicable, the end contact sections adjacent to the end faces do not have an insulating coating in order to be able to electrically connect the busbar on the source side and load side to the corresponding components of the conductor system.
  • the appropriate thermoplastic material for the at least one insulation layer is usually selected and the thickness of the insulation layer is adjusted accordingly dimensioned.
  • the at least one insulation layer is applied using an extrusion process, which in particular enables economical production. It goes without saying that a number of alternative methods are known for applying the insulation layer, for example dipping methods.
  • busbars Areas of application for busbars include, for example, control cabinets or transformer systems. Due to the constant development in the field of e-mobility, i.e. the electrification of vehicles, especially passenger-powered motor vehicles, which are exclusively (or in addition to) an internal combustion engine Hybrid vehicle) are driven by one or more electric motors, busbars have recently also been used in conductor systems of e-mobility vehicles.
  • busbars While simple busbars are usually arranged in a two-dimensional manner, for use in complex conductor systems, especially in the field of e-mobility, it is necessary that the busbar is arranged in a three-dimensional manner in order to use up as little installation space as possible or to use the available installation space as much as possible to be used well.
  • the raw busbar i.e. the conductor core including the insulating coating
  • the insulating coating adheres well to the conductor core so that no insulation gaps are formed by the forming processes.
  • the insulating coating should also adhere well to the conductor at the bent points, so that it does not tear or show wrinkles there or no longer has the required electrical insulating properties of the breakdown voltage of several kV up to > 20 kV, measured in a steel ball bath according to EN60851-5 reached.
  • Another crucial factor that needs to be taken into account when designing the insulating coating - in addition to the expected environmental conditions - is the ability of the busbar to maintain insulation for at least a certain period of time in extreme situations. For example, in some areas of application, particularly in the area of e-mobility, it is required that the busbar must maintain insulating properties for at least 5 minutes at 500°C or even at least 10 minutes at 750°C. These high requirements are intended in particular to prevent a "thermal runaway" in an e-mobility vehicle or to ensure that the busbar does not (immediately) fail even in the event of a fire/accident Body short-circuits, which would result in a significant risk of electric shock for the driver and emergency services.
  • the busbar can be subsequently, i.e. after forming, provided with a high-temperature-resistant protective element, for example a cover hose or with a fixed cladding that is specially adapted to the shape and course of the busbar and which usually consists of several cladding elements.
  • a high-temperature-resistant protective element for example a cover hose or with a fixed cladding that is specially adapted to the shape and course of the busbar and which usually consists of several cladding elements.
  • mica plates e.g. made of muscovite or phlogobite
  • busbar which has the simplest possible structure and yet meets the conflicting requirements mentioned at the beginning as well as possible, especially in connection with the "emergency insulation” properties in extreme cases. Furthermore, it should be ensured that the "emergency insulation” properties can be maintained over the longest possible period of time without the layer responsible for the "emergency insulation” properties being replaced.
  • the busbar should be suitable for use in the area of e-mobility, i.e. in vehicles with at least one electric motor or electric vehicles.
  • the insulating coating has a glass fiber winding layer which envelops the conductor core in relation to a conductor axis.
  • the insulating coating also includes the glass fiber winding layer in addition to the at least one insulation layer made of thermoplastic, both required properties of the insulating coating can be achieved by different layers: While the at least one insulation layer is designed for the operating conditions, the glass fiber winding layer provides the "emergency isolation" properties in extreme situations.
  • the glass fiber wrapping layer is particularly suitable due to these material properties to maintain insulation properties over a longer period of time even under high temperature loads (“emergency insulation” properties). Although long-term heat exposure of 500°C or more can cause the glass fibers to soften, this does not have a significant negative impact on the required “emergency insulation” properties.
  • the glass fiber winding layer comprises a plurality of glass fibers wound around the conductor core, preferably consists of a plurality of glass fibers wound around the conductor core.
  • the glass fiber winding layer is preferably a layer which consists of glass fibers or glass fiber bundles wound around the conductor core - with or without the interposition of any intermediate layer.
  • the glass fiber wrapping layer can be formed in one or more layers, preferably in two layers. By wrapping the conductor core with the glass fibers, or possibly glass fiber bundles, it is ensured that the conductor core is covered by the glass fiber winding layer in relation to the conductor axis. In other words, in a cross section of the busbar normal to the conductor axis, the conductor core is covered by a layer of glass fibers.
  • Covering is understood to mean that the glass fiber winding layer completely covers the conductor core as evenly as possible in order to ensure the "emergency insulation" property, although complete coverage is generally not necessary: even if the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer are separated from each other are arranged at a distance and/or not overlapping, it can still be ensured with sufficient certainty that there is no contact between the conductor core and the environment, since the glass fibers act as spacers.
  • the glass fibers or glass fiber bundles of the glass fiber winding layer wound around the conductor core also ensure that the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer cannot detach from the conductor core, even if the remaining plastic layers of the insulating coating, in particular the at least one insulation layer, has already melted or burned. This ensures that the “emergency insulation” properties are ensured significantly compared to the prior art.
  • the glass fiber winding layer comprises at least a first winding layer made of glass fibers, preferably glass fiber bundles, wherein the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer are wound obliquely to the conductor axis.
  • the term winding layer regardless of whether it is a first or second winding layer, is understood to mean a layer consisting of glass fibers or glass fiber bundles, which is applied in one winding step. By winding at an angle to the conductor axis, a relatively high coverage is achieved and continuous production is possible.
  • the glass fiber winding layer can be designed in one or more layers. Accordingly, one, two or more first winding layers can be provided in this embodiment variant, with the winding layers being arranged one above the other in relation to the conductor axis.
  • the Glass fiber winding layer comprises at least two first winding layers and the first winding layers are wound in the same direction with respect to the conductor axis.
  • the winding angle is the same for at least two adjacent first winding layers.
  • the same direction is already present when the winding angle for the at least two first winding layers lies in the same quadrant.
  • the glass fiber winding layer comprises at least one second winding layer made of glass fibers, wherein the at least one first winding layer and the at least one second winding layer are wound in opposite directions with respect to the conductor axis.
  • the opposite winding of the second winding layer results in a cross-winding of the conductor core.
  • This crosswise wrapping is particularly advantageous in order to ensure sufficient wrapping of the conductor core after the necessary forming processes for shaping the busbar. Even at bending points, the crossed winding ensures that the glass fibers are not pulled apart so far that critical gaps arise.
  • the winding angles of the first winding layer and the second winding layer correspond to complementary angles of 180°. However, the opposite direction is already present when the winding angle for the at least two first winding layers lies in two adjacent quadrants.
  • a coordinate system consisting of: Conductor axis and a normal plane to the conductor axis can be defined.
  • first and second winding layers By combining different numbers and sequences of first and second winding layers, a variety of structures of the glass fiber winding layer can be achieved, although it is also conceivable that an intermediate layer made of plastic is provided as a separating layer between two winding layers.
  • the glass fiber winding layer comprises, preferably consists of, exactly one first winding layer and exactly one second winding layer, or if the glass fiber winding layer comprises, preferably consists of, two first winding layers and two second winding layers.
  • a further embodiment variant of the invention provides that at least some of the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer are bundled as glass fiber bundles, preferably that all glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer are bundled as glass fiber bundles.
  • the glass fibers are not individually tangled, but are processed bundled as glass fiber bundles in order, among other things, to increase the tear strength and improve the processability.
  • the glass fiber winding layer has an optical coverage of at least 40%, preferably at least 65%, in particular at least 90%, based on an outer surface of the conductor core.
  • an optical coverage level of between 40% and 50% is sufficient for a in particular a single-layer glass fiber winding layer in order to achieve the required covering of the conductor core.
  • the degree of optical coverage can be increased both by the winding density and by the number and purpose of the individual layers. Basically, the higher the degree of optical coverage, the better the degree of envelopment achieved.
  • a particularly simple structure of the insulating coating is achieved in a further embodiment variant of the invention in that the glass fiber winding layer is embedded in the at least one insulation layer.
  • Embedding is understood to mean that any gaps between the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer, in particular in the area(s) adjacent to the at least one insulation layer, are filled by the material of the insulation layer. It is particularly advantageous if the at least one insulation layer is extruded onto the glass fiber winding layer.
  • the insulating coating consists of the single or multi-layer glass fiber winding layer and the at least one insulation layer, preferably exactly one insulation layer.
  • a further embodiment variant of the invention provides that the glass fiber winding layer is applied directly to the conductor core.
  • the busbar can be manufactured particularly easily and cost-effectively, since waiting times, for example due to the required cooling or hardening, can be minimized and the conductor core forms a stable base for the wrapping process.
  • This embodiment variant is advantageously complemented, for example, by the combination with the previously described embodiment variant, in which the glass fiber winding layer in which at least one insulation layer made of thermoplastic is embedded.
  • the insulating coating has a matrix layer made of plastic, with the glass fiber winding layer being embedded in the matrix layer.
  • the matrix layer made of plastic which - as described above - ensures that the glass fiber winding layer is embedded in a plastic layer, the glass fiber winding layer can be used during the winding process or before application, in particular before extrusion, of at least one insulation layer or, if necessary, an intermediate layer be stabilized.
  • the matrix layer can serve to improve the adhesion between the insulation layer or, if necessary, intermediate layer applied directly to the glass fiber winding layer.
  • the matrix layer can also be used to even out the substrate for the next applied layer.
  • the matrix layer is first applied to the conductor core or to the layer arranged below the glass fiber wrapping layer and is subsequently wrapped with the glass fiber wrapping layer or it is first Glass fiber wrapping layer wrapped around and then the matrix layer is applied.
  • varnishes especially impregnation varnishes, are used for this purpose.
  • the insulating coating consists of the matrix layer, the single-layer or multi-layer glass fiber winding layer and the at least one, preferably exactly one, insulation layer made of thermoplastic material.
  • a preferred embodiment variant of the invention provides that the matrix layer is made from plastic fibers or plastic threads, the plastic fibers or plastic threads being entangled together with the glass fibers or the glass fiber bundles, i.e. a mixed winding takes place and/or mixed fibers are entangled.
  • the plastic fibers or plastic threads melt and thus form the embedding matrix layer, which in particular allows good filling of the gaps in a multi-layer glass fiber winding layer.
  • the matrix layer is formed from melted plastic fibers or plastic threads.
  • the plastic fibers or plastic threads are entangled together with the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer, for example as mixed fibers, before the plastic fibers or plastic threads are melted or plasticized by heating.
  • the (remaining) plastic fibers or plastic threads form the matrix layer.
  • the entanglement of mixed fibers is also advantageous with regard to the production or manufacturing and material costs.
  • the matrix layer can be applied before or after wrapping or, if necessary, formed by heating after wrapping. Because of the spaces between the wound glass fibers or glass fiber bundles, both the matrix layer and the glass fiber winding layer can also be applied in sections directly to the conductor core in the finished busbar.
  • the matrix layer forms an intermediate layer of the insulating coating, i.e. is arranged between two layers of the insulating coating.
  • a particularly simple layer structure is achieved in an insulating coating that comprises at least two insulation layers in that the matrix layer is arranged between two insulation layers.
  • Such an embodiment variant of the invention can, for example, improve the adhesion between the insulating coating, in particular an inner insulating layer, and the conductor core.
  • the manufacturing process is similar to the processes described previously, except that the inner insulation layer forms the basis for the wrapping or application of the matrix layer.
  • the matrix layer forms an outermost layer of the insulating coating.
  • the at least one insulation layer is located within the matrix layer. Matrix layer and fiberglass wrap layer can be applied as described above.
  • the matrix layer and/or the glass fiber winding layer is applied to the at least one insulation layer made of thermoplastic, while the at least one insulation layer is applied directly to the conductor core.
  • a mixed winding layer is used for the production of the glass fiber winding layer and matrix layer, i.e. plastic fibers, in particular polyester fibers, or plastic threads, in particular polyester threads, are entangled, a homogeneous matrix layer made of plastic, in particular made of polyester or a polyester-based material, can be produced by subsequent heating Plastic, are produced in which the threads or fibers are no longer identifiable.
  • a lacquer layer in particular an impregnation lacquer layer, is applied below or above a mixed winding layer, so that the matrix layer is formed from a combination of lacquer layer and plastic layer.
  • the plastic of the matrix layer is selected from the group consisting of thermoplastic plastic, preferably polyester, plastic fibers, preferably polyester fibers, plastic threads, preferably polyester threads, varnish, preferably impregnation varnish, or mixtures thereof.
  • the plastic fibers and/or the plastic threads preferably consist of a thermoplastic, so that the plastic fibers and/or the plastic threads can be melted to form the, preferably homogeneous, matrix layer.
  • thermoplastic material of the at least one insulation layer is at least medium temperature resistant, preferably high temperature resistant.
  • Medium temperature resistant is usually understood to mean plastics that can withstand a temperature load of over 90°C, preferably over 100°C.
  • An example of such a thermoplastic is the plastic polyamide 12 [PA12], which has a temperature resistance of ⁇ 110°C.
  • PA12 plastic polyamide 12
  • a variety of other thermoplastics are conceivable that have such properties.
  • High-temperature resistant is usually understood to mean plastics that can withstand a temperature load of over 180°C, preferably over 200°C, over a given period of time.
  • An example of such a thermoplastic is the plastic polyetheretherketone [PEEK], which has a temperature resistance of 250 ° C for 20,000 hours.
  • PEEK plastic polyetheretherketone
  • thermoplastic of the at least one insulation layer is selected from the group consisting of polyamide [PA], polyaryletherketone [PAEK], in particular polyetheretherketone [PEEK], polyimide [PI], polyamideimide [PAI], Polyetherimide [PEI], polyphenylene sulfide [PPS], polyphenylene sulfone [PPSU] and combinations thereof.
  • PA polyamide
  • PAEK polyaryletherketone
  • PEEK polyetheretherketone
  • PI polyimide
  • PAI polyamideimide
  • PEI polyphenylene sulfide
  • PPSU polyphenylene sulfone
  • polyamides such as PA12, PA11 or PA6, can also be used for at least one insulation layer, which makes it more economical This has an advantage over the use of high-temperature-resistant plastics, which are generally more expensive. Even if high-temperature-resistant plastics are used for the at least one insulation layer, the effect of the glass fiber wrapping layer still comes into play under extreme conditions, in particular the test conditions mentioned above.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a busbar according to the invention in a line system of an e-mobility vehicle, in particular an electric car and/or a hybrid car.
  • the Figures 1a, 2a and 3a each show the cross section of a first embodiment variant of a busbar 1.
  • the Figures 1b, 2b and 3b each show the cross section of a second embodiment variant of a busbar 1, the basic structure being analogous to the first-mentioned figures.
  • the busbar 1 consists of a centrally arranged conductor core 2 and an electrically insulating coating 3 applied to the conductor core 2.
  • the conductor core 2 has a conductor axis 5, which protrudes from the image plane in the figures shown.
  • the insulating coating 3 serves as contact and/or contact protection, which completely surrounds and thus encases the conductor core 2.
  • the cross section of the conductor core 2 corresponds to a flat conductor, which has a substantially rectangular shape with curves on the edges.
  • the two broad sides of the cross section are designed as semicircular transition surfaces.
  • the ratio of length to width is approximately 3:1.
  • the conductor cross section of the conductor core 2 is between approximately 50 mm 2 and 150 mm 2 in the present exemplary embodiments.
  • the insulating coating 3 comprises at least one insulation layer 4 made of thermoplastic material and a glass fiber winding layer 6.
  • the glass fiber winding layer 6 consists of a large number of glass fibers, preferably in the form of glass fiber bundles, which are wound in one or more layers around the conductor core 2 and envelop it.
  • the at least one insulation layer 4 preferably consists of a medium-temperature-resistant plastic, such as PA12, or of a high-temperature-resistant plastic, such as PEEK.
  • the covering of the conductor core 2 by the glass fiber winding layer 6 can be clearly seen: distributed over the lateral surface of the conductor core 2, the conductor core 2 is surrounded by a large number of glass fibers or glass fiber bundles.
  • the wrapping of the conductor core 3 by the glass fibers or glass fiber bundles of the glass fiber winding layer 6 is particularly clear Fig. 6 can be seen, whereby it can also be seen that the glass fibers or glass fiber bundles are wound at an angle to the conductor axis 5.
  • the glass fiber winding layer 6 ensures that the busbar 1 has the required "emergency insulation” properties even under extreme conditions, i.e. that even if the plastic-containing layers of the insulating coating 3 have melted, the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer 6 prevent that the conductor core 2 is completely exposed and can form a short circuit with the environment, such as the body of an electric vehicle. This is because the glass fibers of the glass fiber winding layer 6 cannot detach from the conductor core due to the wrapping and, even at a temperature of over 500 ° C or over 750 ° C, neither burn nor melt, but at most soften.
  • the first exemplary embodiment shown is characterized in that the glass fiber winding layer 6 is applied directly to the conductor core 3.
  • the conductor core 3 is directly connected to the glass fibers or glass fiber bundles of the glass fiber winding layer 6 wrapped, with the fiberglass wrap layer 6 in Fig. 1a is designed in a single layer and consists only of a first winding layer 6a.
  • the insulating coating 3 of the first exemplary embodiment comprises, in addition to the glass fiber winding layer 6, exactly one insulation layer 4, with the glass fiber winding layer 6 being embedded directly into the insulation layer 4. This can be achieved, for example, by extruding the insulation layer 4 onto the glass fiber winding layer 6 after wrapping the conductor core 2.
  • FIGs 2a and 3a show the same embodiment as Fig. 1a with a glass fiber winding layer 6 embedded in the insulation layer 4, but with two or four winding layers 6a, 6b.
  • the fiberglass wrap layer 6 in Figure 2a consists of a first winding layer 6a and a second winding layer 6b. As in Figure 6 It can be seen that the first winding layer 6a and the second winding layer 6b are wound in opposite directions, so that they wrap the conductor core 2 crosswise.
  • Fig. 3a In contrast, has two first winding layers 6a and two second winding layers 6b, which alternate. As a result, all successive winding layers 6a, 6b are twisted together in a crossed manner.
  • the comparison of the Figures 1a and 3a also shows that the glass fiber winding layer 6 results in an increase in insulation: while the total layer thickness of the insulation layer 4 is approximately the same in both figures, in practice values between 0.2 mm and 1.8 mm are typical, where One-sided layer thicknesses between 0.4 mm and 0.8 mm are possible, the thickness of the insulating coating increases through the glass fiber winding layer 6 depending on the number of winding layers 6a, 6b. In practice, the increase in insulation due to the glass fiber winding layer 6 is often between 0.25 mm and 0.31 mm.
  • the second exemplary embodiment which is in the Figures 1b, 2b and 3b shown differs in some aspects from the first exemplary embodiment, with only the differences being discussed below.
  • the insulating coating 3 in the second exemplary embodiment comprises a matrix layer 7 made of plastic, in which the glass fiber winding layer 6 is embedded.
  • the matrix layer 7 can be designed, for example, as a lacquer layer, preferably as an embossed lacquer layer, or as a layer made of thermoplastic, preferably made of polyester. It is conceivable both that the matrix layer 7 is applied to the conductor core 2 before the winding process for producing the glass fiber winding layer 6 and that the matrix layer 7 is applied to the conductor core 2 after the production of the glass fiber winding layer 6. If the matrix layer 7 is designed as a lacquer layer, it is usually applied before the glass fiber winding layer 6, whereas if the matrix layer 7 is designed as a layer made of thermoplastic, it is usually applied after the glass fiber winding layer 6.
  • a preferred embodiment variant of the busbar 1 provides an alternative process for the joint production of the glass fiber winding layer 6 and the matrix layer 7.
  • the glass fibers or the glass fiber bundles are entangled together with plastic threads or plastic fibers, preferably made of polyester.
  • Mixed fibers in the form of glass (fiber)-plastic mixed fibers, in particular in the form of glass (fiber)-polyester mixed fibers, are preferably entangled.
  • This type of production can also be realized with a lacquer layer as a basis, so that the matrix layer 7 in this case comprises both a portion of a lacquer layer and a portion of a thermoplastic layer.
  • Fig. 1b shows analogously to Fig. 1a a single-layer glass fiber winding layer 6 which consists of exactly one first winding layer 6a, the glass fiber winding layer 6 being embedded in the matrix layer 7.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown was produced using the mixed winding process described above with subsequent melting. Therefore, the distances between the individual glass fibers are larger than, for example, in the first exemplary embodiment Fig. 1a , since the gaps are formed by the previously entangled plastic threads, preferably polyester threads, and the degree of coverage of the glass fiber winding layer 6 is lower in comparison than in the exemplary embodiment Fig. 1a .
  • Fig. 2b shows, as well Fig. 2a , a two-layer structure of the glass fiber winding layer 6.
  • the glass fiber winding layer 6 embedded in the matrix layer 7 consists of two first winding layers 6a, which are twisted in the same direction. There is no crossing of the two first winding layers 6a, but the upper first winding layer 6a is arranged in the spaces between the lower first winding layer 6a.
  • Fig. 3b differs in the sequence of the winding layers 6a, 6b Fig. 3a : while in Fig. 3a always a first winding layer 6a and a second winding layer 6b are arranged alternately, form in Fig. 3b two first winding layers 6a wound in the same direction are the lower two layers and two second winding layers 6b are the upper two Layers. A crossing occurs between the upper first winding layer 6a and the lower second winding layer 6b, since the first winding layer 6a and second winding layer 6b are wound in opposite directions to one another. However, the two second winding layers 6b are wound in the same direction relative to one another, just as the two first winding layers 6a are wound in the same direction relative to one another.
  • the glass fiber winding layer can contain any number of first and second winding layers 6a, 6b in any sequence.
  • the matrix layer 7 can be designed as a lacquer layer, preferably an impregnation lacquer layer, which is compared to the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1b , a tighter winding of the winding layers 6a, 6b or a higher degree of coverage of the glass fiber winding layer 6 enables.
  • the Figures 4 and 5 show a third and fourth exemplary embodiment of the invention, which represents a further development of the second exemplary embodiment. While in the second exemplary embodiment the matrix layer 7 together with the glass fiber winding layer 6 are applied directly to the conductor core 3, the matrix layer 7 and the glass fiber winding layer 6 embedded therein form an intermediate layer between an inner insulation layer 4a and an outer insulation layer 4b.
  • the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 4 shows a two-layer glass fiber winding layer 6, which - as in connection with the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1b described - was produced by a mixed winding process and subsequent melting of the tangled plastic threads or plastic fibers.
  • Fig. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the matrix layer 7 and the glass fiber winding layer 6 embedded therein form an outermost layer of the insulating coating 3, i.e. encase the insulation layer 4.
  • extrusion processes for the production or application of the at least one insulation layer 4 are advantageous in all of the exemplary embodiments described, a number of alternative processes for sheathing are known to those skilled in the art, including dipping processes, which can also be used to produce the at least one insulation layer 4.
  • Fig. 6 shows, as already mentioned at the beginning, a three-dimensional view of the busbar 1, the cross section of which is in Fig. 2a is shown, with the individual layers being cut offset.
  • the winding of the glass fibers or glass fiber bundles of the two winding layers 6a, 6b around the conductor core 2 can be seen.
  • the glass fiber winding layer 6 envelops the conductor core 2, so that even if the insulation layer 4 is destroyed, the glass fiber winding layer 6 does not come off the conductor core 2.
  • the busbar is 1 in Fig. 6 is shown running straight, the course of the busbar 1 can be adapted to run in any three dimensions for the intended use by forming processes, such as bending.
  • the exemplary embodiments can be combined with one another as desired, particularly with regard to the sequence of the winding layers 6a, 6b.
  • the insulating coating can also comprise 3 further layers.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
EP22168648.8A 2022-04-15 2022-04-15 Rail d'alimentation Pending EP4261849A1 (fr)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3220392A1 (de) * 1982-05-29 1983-12-01 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Flexible elektrische leitung, insbesondere krantrommelleitung
CN103474141A (zh) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 湖南新新线缆有限公司 自粘性双玻璃丝绕包扁线及其生产工艺
CN108777191A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-09 南京楚卿电子科技有限公司 一种耐火电磁线
CN209657840U (zh) * 2019-05-15 2019-11-19 上海申茂电磁线有限公司 一种超薄型双涤纶玻璃丝绕包烧结铜扁线
CN210295951U (zh) * 2019-08-30 2020-04-10 河南华洋电工科技集团有限公司 一种节能变压器用双玻璃丝绕组线

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3220392A1 (de) * 1982-05-29 1983-12-01 Felten & Guilleaume Energietechnik GmbH, 5000 Köln Flexible elektrische leitung, insbesondere krantrommelleitung
CN103474141A (zh) * 2013-09-18 2013-12-25 湖南新新线缆有限公司 自粘性双玻璃丝绕包扁线及其生产工艺
CN108777191A (zh) * 2018-05-31 2018-11-09 南京楚卿电子科技有限公司 一种耐火电磁线
CN209657840U (zh) * 2019-05-15 2019-11-19 上海申茂电磁线有限公司 一种超薄型双涤纶玻璃丝绕包烧结铜扁线
CN210295951U (zh) * 2019-08-30 2020-04-10 河南华洋电工科技集团有限公司 一种节能变压器用双玻璃丝绕组线

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