Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
  • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
  • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
  • G05B19/12—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using record carriers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B2260/00—Details of constructional elements
  • B23B2260/108—Piezoelectric elements
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • B23B—TURNING; BORING
  • B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
  • B23B47/34—Arrangements for removing chips out of the holes made; Chip- breaking arrangements attached to the tool
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
  • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
  • G05B2219/36—Nc in input of data, input key till input tape
  • G05B2219/36371—Barcode reader
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
  • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
  • G05B2219/45—Nc applications
  • G05B2219/45129—Boring, drilling
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
  • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
  • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
  • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
  • G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
  • G05B2219/49302—Part, workpiece, code, tool identification

Definitions

• Machining system comprising a tool holder capable of integrating sensors and/or actuators in rotating reference
• the invention relates to the field of machine tools, in particular numerically controlled machine tools. It relates more particularly to a machining system comprising a spindle or an electrospindle capable of being powered and controlled by means of at least one power electronic circuit, at least one tool holder capable of being mounted at one end of said electrospindle, the tool holder being arranged to receive a machining tool and being suitable for integrating at least one actuator and/or at least one sensor, and a data acquisition and control device suitable for carrying out the acquisition of data coming from said at least one sensor and the control of said at least one actuator.
• Machining processes such as, for example, drilling or milling
• the vibratory drilling method is part of the pursuit of these objectives, in that it makes it possible to split the chips and thus facilitate their evacuation.
• being able to modify the amplitude and/or the frequency of the axial oscillations in real time in order to adapt the drilling process to the actual operating conditions of the machine, requires the use of methods which involve the use of sensors and actuators.
• active methods used to adjust the dynamic characteristics of machining according to a response from the system, are therefore implemented through a mechatronic system integrated into the machining chain (sensor, controller, actuator) .
• This mechatronic tool holder solution can advantageously be broken down into several ranges of tool holders, adapted to the specific objectives and tasks that can be proposed to be implemented, such as vibratory drilling, monitoring of wear, active vibration control, etc.
• the invention relates to a machining system comprising an electrospindle capable of being powered and controlled by means of at least one power electronic circuit, at least one tool holder capable of being mounted on one end of said electrospindle, the tool holder being arranged to receive a machining tool and being adapted to integrate at least one actuator and/or at least one sensor, and a data acquisition and control device adapted to produce the acquisition of data coming from said at least one sensor by at least one signal conditioning circuit and the control of said at least one actuator by said at least one power electronic circuit, through a connection of said tool holder capable of cooperating with complementary connectors of data and power transmission means connected to said at least one conditioning circuit and to said at least one power electronics circuit, said system being characterized in that it comprises a switching matrix comprising a plurality of outputs connected to respective input channels of the data and power transmission means, and a plurality of inputs connected to respective power and data channels of said at least one power electronic circuit and said at least one conditioning circuit, said system comprising
• part of said input channels is assigned to controlling the actuator and another part is assigned to acquiring sensor data.
• said tool holder comprises identification means in the form of an electronic tag storing said unique identification information, able to be read remotely by a reader associated with said data acquisition and control device. .
• said data acquisition and control unit comprises a memory storing a plurality of software services associated with a respective plurality of tool holders able to be mounted on said electrospindle.
• said data acquisition and control unit is adapted to select the software service associated with the identified tool holder according to the unique identification information, and is adapted to load said selected software service into said control module, the execution of said software service in said control module making it possible to control the acquisition of data originating from said at least one sensor and the piloting of said at least one actuator according to the configured switching arrangement.
• said data and power transmission means comprise a slip ring comprising a conductive ring on which the brushes are supported establishing the connections with said input channels, said slip ring connecting said at least one sensor and said at least one actuator using electrical connections and transmitting the received signals to said input channels.
• control module is suitable for controlling the disengagement of the brush or brushes corresponding to the unused input channels according to said configured switching arrangement.
• FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the machining system according to one embodiment of the invention.
• Figure 1 schematically illustrates a machining system according to one embodiment of the invention, intended to ensure active control of machining, namely vibratory drilling according to the example of Figure 1 , with a mechatronic tool holder PO1 provided for this type of operation, intended to be mounted on the shaft of an electrospindle 10 of the tool holder system, using example of a standard mechanical interface, modified to provide the necessary electrical connections.
• the tool holder PO1 carries a machining tool, here a drilling tool 11, intended to be driven in rotation about the Z axis of the shaft assembly of the electrospindle-tool holder PO1.
• the PO1 tool holder incorporates a piezoelectric actuator (not shown), housed in the PO1 tool holder, so as to allow the transmission of an axial oscillation movement to the tool along the Z axis.
• a piezoelectric actuator housed in the PO1 tool holder, so as to allow the transmission of an axial oscillation movement to the tool along the Z axis.
• these axial oscillations make it possible to vary the thickness of the chips, thus allowing their fragmentation and their evacuation.
• the tool holder PO1 intended for the vibratory drilling operation, is thus capable of providing an action of axial oscillations of the machining tool thanks to the integrated piezoelectric actuator.
• the tool holder PO1 is designed to also integrate sensors (not shown), namely, according to the example, a force sensor, intended to measure the force in the axial direction Z and a thermocouple.
• the tool holder system of the invention is intended to receive a plurality of mechatronic tool holders such as the PO1 tool holder, in this case three according to the example of Figure 1.
• a second PO2 mechatronic tool holder called monitoring
• this second PO2 monitoring tool holder incorporates, on the one hand, a force sensor, intended to measure the forces on the tool as close as possible to the machining zone, preferably in the two radial directions X , Y and in the axial direction Z, and, on the other hand, a thermocouple.
• Another PO3 monitoring tool holder can also be provided to be mounted on T electrospindle 10.
• This PO3 tool holder is more specifically intended to characterize disturbances that may occur during the drilling operation, here vibrations undergone by the tool preferentially in the two radial directions and in the axial direction.
• the invention can be applied to any mechatronic tool holder integrating sensors to characterize disturbances or monitor phenomena during the machining operation and actuators in order to apply a force, for example of correction, on the structure.
• the tool holders PO1, PO2, PO3 are each intended to be mounted on the head of the electrospindle 10 via a standardized interface, for example an HSK-type interface, adapted to allow the transmission of data and power via a tool holder connector, specific to each tool holder, for the acquisition of data from the sensor(s) integrated into the tool holder and the supply and control of the actuator(s) integrated into the toolbox.
• a standardized interface for example an HSK-type interface
• each tool holder PO1, PO2, PO3 is provided with a specific connector 12 capable of cooperating with a complementary connector II re- linked to data and power transmission means 20 secured to the electrospindle 10.
• the connection of the tool holder PO1 comprises a power path, consisting of two power ports (positive port and negative port) for the actuator, designed to be connected to a circuit of power electronics of the system to receive the power signals, a path consisting of two ports (positive port and negative port) for the force sensor, adapted to connect to a first signal conditioning circuit of the system to transmit the signals of sensor measurement and a channel consisting of two ports (positive port and negative port) for the thermocouple, designed to connect to a second system signal conditioning circuit to transmit the thermocouple measurement signals.
• connection of the PO2 tool holder comprises three channels consisting of six ports for the force sensor, designed to be connected to a first signal conditioning circuit of the system to transmit the measurement signals from the sensor, respectively according to the three axes, and one channel consisting of two thermocouple ports, designed to connect to a second system signal conditioning circuit to transmit thermocouple measurement signals.
• connection of the PO3 tool holder has three channels consisting of six ports for the vibration sensor, designed to be connected to a signal conditioning circuit of the system to transmit the measurement signals from the sensor, respectively according to the three axes.
• the additional connectors of the data and power transmission means 20 of the electrospindle 10 must be able to adapt to the specific connectors of each mechatronic tool holder intended to be mounted on the electrospindle.
• the data and power transmission means 20, respectively for the acquisition of the sensor data and for the supply and control of the actuators can be made by a slip ring.
• the slip ring comprises one or more conductive rings on which the brushes rest establishing the connections with the slip ring input ports.
• the transmission of data and power between, on the one hand, the conditioning and power electronics circuits of the system and the tool holder mounted on the electrospindle, is carried out through the slip ring.
• the latter must be able to transmit the appropriate signals from and to the various ports of the tool holder according to the configuration of the connectors of the tool holder.
• each tool holder is preferably provided with a label electronic or an RFID tag or any other device of this type storing unique identification information of the tool holder, and which can be read remotely by an appropriate reader associated for example with the digital control 30 of the system or, alternatively, with a dedicated controller communicating with the numerical controls.
• an appropriate reader associated for example with the digital control 30 of the system or, alternatively, with a dedicated controller communicating with the numerical controls.
• the tag is activated and provides the stored unique identification information.
• This unique identification information of the tool holder can thus be easily obtained via the reader associated with the digital control 30 of the system, when changing the tool holder.
• This unique identification information of the tool holder makes it possible to provide the configuration of the connectors of the tool holder, since the configuration associated with this tool holder has been previously entered in a database constituted for this purpose.
• the embodiment described with reference to FIG. 1 relates to an embodiment where the numerical control of the machining system is provided to carry out the acquisition of the data coming from the sensors and the piloting of the actuators integrated into the door. -tool.
• these actions are not necessarily devolved to the numerical control.
• the acquisition of data from the sensors and the control of the actuators integrated in the tool holder are carried out by a data acquisition and control unit, this unit data acquisition and control which can be directly the numerical control or an independent dedicated controller, communicating with the numerical control.
• the digital control 30 cooperates with a control module 31 of the conditioning circuits and power electronics of the system.
• the system comprises two power electronic circuits, respectively a first circuit EP I, comprising three power output channels intended to drive the actuators integrated in the mechatronic tool holders (in this example brushless direct current motors) and a second circuit EP_2, comprising two power output channels also intended to drive the actuators integrated in the mechatronic tool holders (in this example, a high voltage piezoelectric actuator).
• the system also comprises according to the example four signal conditioning circuits, Acq_1 to Acq_4, each comprising two data channels for acquiring the data from the sensors integrated in the mechatronic tool holders.
• the number of power and data channels will depend on the types of actuators and sensors likely to be integrated into the mechatronic tool holders intended to be used in the system.
• one of the ports of the slip ring may be reserved for ensuring the formation of a common ground (zero potential).
• the module control 31, which controls these circuits, is preferably not integrated into the digital control 30 of the system, but must communicate with the digital control 30. Also, the control module 31 is for example connected to the digital control by the via a field bus.
• the control of the integrated actuator and the acquisition of data from the integrated sensors require the connection, through the slip ring, of the specific connectors of the ports of the tool holder. to the power and data channels suitable for this connection, power and conditioning electronic circuits.
• the power and data channels of the power electronic circuits EP I and EP_2 and conditioning circuits Acq_1 to Acq_4 are connected to the input channels of the rotary collector 20 via a matrix switching matrix 40.
• the switching matrix 40 comprises a plurality of outputs, if to s12 according to the example, connected to the respective input channels of the slip ring 20, and a plurality of inputs, el to el3 according to the example, connected to the respective power and data channels of the power electronic circuits EP I and EP_2 and of the conditioning circuits Acq_1 to Acq_4.
• the number of outputs of the switching matrix 40 is thus imposed by the electrospindle and more precisely by the number of input channels of the slip ring 20 of the electrospindle 10, equal to 12 according to the example of the figure 1.
• the number of entries in the matrix depends on the type of actuators and sensors in the mechatronic tool holders used.
• the switching matrix is advantageously scalable. Also, it must be possible to add input/output lines according to the needs and if a new type of actuator or sensor will have to be integrated.
• the switching matrix 40 is preferably associated with an auxiliary control module 50, which is driven by the control module 31, to selectively couple the power and data channels to the input channels of the rotary collector for configure a matrix switching arrangement to adapt the slip ring to the connectors of the tool holder mounted on the electrospindle.
• a switching arrangement of the switching cells of the matrix it is possible to selectively connect the inputs ei of the plurality of inputs of the matrix to the outputs sj of the plurality of outputs of the matrix and hence, selectively connect the channels power and data from the power electronics and conditioning circuits to the slip ring input channels.
• the switching arrangement of the ma- trice will be configured according to the unique identification information of the tool holder which was obtained during a tool holder change.
• the numerical control of the system communicates this information to the control module 31, which will control the control module 50 of the switching matrix 40 to configure the desired switching arrangement of the switching cells, corresponding to the specific connection of the tool holder.
• the switching matrix control module can be controlled either by a digital communication bus or by using a number of dedicated input/output lines equal to the number of cells in the matrix. In this way, the control module 31 switches the switching cells of the matrix in accordance with the unique identification information of the tool holder obtained during the tool holder change.
• a possible configuration of the switching matrix for the tool holder PO1 consists in controlling the switching cells C44, Cs,2, Ce, 5, C?,6, in the closed state. Ci2, n, and 613.12 and to control all the other cells in the open state.
• the two input channels of slip ring 20 corresponding to the outputs s1 and s2 of the matrix, provided to supply the power ports of the tool holder PO1 are connected through the cells switching C44, Cs,2 in the closed state to the two power output channels of the power electronics circuit EP_2 connected to the inputs e4 and e5 of the matrix.
• the two input channels of the rotary collector 20 corresponding to the outputs s5 and s6 of the matrix, provided to be connected to the data acquisition ports of the force sensor of the tool holder PO1, are connected through the cells of switching Ce, 5, C7.6 in the closed state to the two data channels of the conditioning circuit Acq_l connected to the inputs e6 and e7 of the matrix.
• the two input channels of the slip ring 20 corresponding to the outputs si 1 and s12 of the matrix, provided to be connected to the data acquisition ports of the thermocouple of the tool holder PO1, are connected through the switching cells Ci2,ii, and Ci3,i2 in the closed state to the two data channels of the conditioning circuit Acq_4 connected to the inputs el2 and el3 of the matrix.
• Figure 1 illustrates this die switching arrangement configured for tool holder PO1.
• this tool holder PO1 places the terminals of the integrated actuator in contact with the input terminals of the slip ring connected to the outputs si and s2 of the switching matrix , the terminals corresponding to the integrated force sensor in contact with the slip ring input terminals connected to the outputs s5 and s6 of the switching matrix and the terminals corresponding to the integrated temperature sensor in contact with the slip ring input terminals rotating connected at the outputs if 1 and sl2 of the switching matrix.
• part of the slip ring 20 input channels is privileged for driving the actuator, while another part is privileged for communication with the sensors.
• a first part of the input channels of slip ring 20 is assigned to the transmission of power signals for controlling the actuator integrated in the tool holder and a second part is assigned to the acquisition of data. of sensor.
• the input channels connected to the outputs si and s2 are the preferred ones to control the piezoelectric actuator integrated in the tool holder.
• the number of channels assigned to the sensors integrated in the tool holder can be reduced by multiplexing the channels on the tool holder side, then demultiplexing in the control module.
• all the data from the on-board sensors can be transmitted over a single physical channel rather than several channels.
• the control module 31 is also suitable for controlling the lifting of the brushes of the slip ring corresponding to the input channels not used in the arrangement. switching configured.
• these are the input channels connected to the output lines s3, s4, s7, s8, s9 and slO of the switching matrix.
• s3, s4, s7, s8, s9 and slO of the switching matrix In other words, here, we only have 6 tracks out of 12 used. It is therefore possible to lift the brushes of these unused tracks. This arrangement is particularly advantageous for increasing the life of the brushes of the rotary commutator.
• control module 31 can control the disengagement of all the tracks of the slip ring to preserve the life of the brushes.
• a possible configuration of the switching matrix for the tool holder PO2 consists in controlling the switching cells Cej, C7, 2, Ce, 5, C8, 3, in the closed state. Cg,4, Cio,5, Ci 1,6, Ci2,6 and Ci3,s and to control all the other cells in the open state.
• a possible configuration of the switching matrix for the tool holder PO3 consists in ordering the switching cells C 6 ,i, C?,2, Ce, 5, C8,3, C in the closed state. ,4, Cio, 5, CH, 6, and to control all the other cells in the open state.
• the numerical control of the system identifies the active tool holder thanks to the unique identification information stored for example in the RFID tag fitted to all the tool holders. This information is communicated to the control module 31 which will control, via the control module 40 of the switching matrix, the switching of the corresponding switching cells, according to the principles set out above.
• the digital control is adapted to select the software service associated with the active tool holder identified according to the unique identification information and will command to load the software service associated with the active tool holder in the module of control.
• the numerical control thus comprises a memory storing a plurality of software services associated with a respective plurality of tool holders able to be mounted on said electrospindle. The execution of the software service in the control module will then make it possible to implement the functionalities for which the tool holder was designed and in particular, will make it possible to control the acquisition of data from the sensor(s) and the control of the actuator according to the configured switching arrangement.
• the system thus has the advantage of great flexibility, since a new mechatronic tool holder can be introduced into the system simply by loading a new program into the numerical control or the dedicated controller.
• the system will be able to adapt to the specific connection required for the tool holder thanks to the switching matrix, controlled according to the unique identification information of the tool holder, whose switching arrangement will make it possible to selectively connecting the respective power and data channels of the power electronics and conditioning circuits to the identified tool holder.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
• Numerical Control (AREA)
• Machine Tool Sensing Apparatuses (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=74592186

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (3)

Family Cites Families (4)

• 2020
  • 2020-12-10 FR FR2012959A patent/FR3117391A1/fr active Pending
• 2021
  • 2021-12-10 EP EP21851968.4A patent/EP4259368A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-12-10 WO PCT/FR2021/052273 patent/WO2022123186A1/fr unknown

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