EP4244968A1 - Procédé et circuit d'équilibrage de tensions dans un réseau cc - Google Patents

Procédé et circuit d'équilibrage de tensions dans un réseau cc

Info

Publication number
EP4244968A1
EP4244968A1 EP21811308.2A EP21811308A EP4244968A1 EP 4244968 A1 EP4244968 A1 EP 4244968A1 EP 21811308 A EP21811308 A EP 21811308A EP 4244968 A1 EP4244968 A1 EP 4244968A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ground potential
semiconductor switch
voltages
conductor
network
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21811308.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcel Kratochvil
Burkard Mueller
Alexander UNRU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SMA Solar Technology AG
Original Assignee
SMA Solar Technology AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SMA Solar Technology AG filed Critical SMA Solar Technology AG
Publication of EP4244968A1 publication Critical patent/EP4244968A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/14—Balancing the load in a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
    • H02M7/4833—Capacitor voltage balancing

Definitions

  • a DC energy system comprises at least one energy source that preferably makes electrical power available as direct current, i.e. a DC source, e.g. a battery, a PV generator or a fuel cell, and at least one load that preferably consumes electrical power as direct current. i.e. a DC sink, e.g. B. a consumer, and connections between these electrical components.
  • the DC power system may include a DC grid or bus where the electrical components are connected and may include other sources, storage, and/or loads. The transition between a DC bus with a few connected components, for example only one source and one sink, and a DC network with a large number of such components is fluid.
  • the term DC network is also understood to mean a DC bus.
  • Such a DC network can be grounded or ungrounded.
  • different monitoring and protection mechanisms may be required by standards in the event of a ground fault.
  • An unearthed DC network in which the potentials DC+ and DC- of the respective DC lines DCL+ and DCL- have no fixed reference to the earth potential, has the advantage that any first earth fault in the DC network, for example an insulation fault along one of the DC lines, still no harm.
  • insulation monitoring is required in order to detect the occurrence of any fault and, if necessary, to be able to initiate countermeasures in the event of a first ground fault, e.g. switch off the energy source or disconnect the energy source and/or the fault location from the DC network.
  • the potentials DC+ and DC- have a defined reference to the ground potential.
  • a ground reference can, for example, by means a resistive connection between the ground potential and one of the DC potentials DC+ or DC-.
  • a DC network can be connected to another energy network, e.g. B. another DC network or an AC network, for example an AC supply network, and exchange electrical power with the other energy network, in particular to support or recharge the DC source in the DC network.
  • the DC network can also be supplied permanently or at times completely with energy from the other energy network via the converter, with the energy source of the DC network being able to be used to buffer power fluctuations if necessary.
  • the DC network can automatically be provided with a fixed earth reference via the power converter, i.e. grounded.
  • the concrete position of the potentials of the DC network relative to the ground reference is specified by the concrete topology of the power converter used.
  • the converter can have a divided intermediate circuit whose midpoint, i.e. middle potential, is connected to a neutral conductor with a fixed ground reference, so that the DC potentials of the DC conductors in the intermediate circuit are largely symmetrical about the ground potential.
  • Such a symmetry of the DC potentials has advantages in the system design.
  • a DC network that is not grounded per se also becomes a grounded network through a connection to a grounded energy network via a transformerless converter.
  • There can therefore be two operating states for such a DC network stand-alone operation without grounding via a power converter and grounded operation with a connection via a power converter to the grounded energy network. This must be taken into account when designing the system.
  • DC direct current or direct current
  • AC alternating current
  • the invention is based on the object of demonstrating a method and a device that support simple and safe operation of a DC network.
  • the object is solved by a method having the features of independent patent claim 1 .
  • the object is solved by a balancing unit with the features of independent claim 6 .
  • Advantageous embodiments of the method and the balancing unit are claimed in the dependent claims.
  • a method for balancing voltages on a first and a second DC conductor in a DC network if there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first DC conductor with respect to ground potential and of the second DC conductor with respect to ground potential, an equalizing current is generated between at least one of the DC -Conductor and ground potential generated.
  • the balancing takes place by means of a balancing unit with a first semiconductor switch and a second semiconductor switch, which are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor, and a connection to the ground potential arranged between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch.
  • the compensating current in the presence of an asymmetry of the voltages of the first DC conductor to ground potential and the second DC conductor to ground potential between at least one of the DC conductors and ground potential is generated via one of the semiconductor switches in each case, the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors with respect to ground potential being reduced by the compensating current.
  • the voltages of the DC conductors in particular are balanced with respect to ground potential.
  • symmetrical voltages mean that the magnitudes of the direct voltages, i.e. DC voltages, are almost the same compared to ground potential on both DC conductors and have opposite polarity, i.e. positive for one of the DC conductors and positive for the other of the DC conductors are negative.
  • the semiconductor switches can be bipolar transistors, for example, which are preferably used as controllable resistors or current sources.
  • the compensating current flows as a result of the non-linearities of the semiconductors, in that the semiconductor has a variable resistance as a function of an analog control signal at the control input of the semiconductor.
  • the semiconductor switches can also be z. B. act switching transistors, the z. B. controlled by a control unit, preferably binary controlled, so preferably have only two states.
  • the control takes place by means of a binary control signal which, depending on the design of the circuit, is provided in particular by a control unit with a suitable regulation.
  • the method is preferably executed on the control unit.
  • the voltages in the DC network symmetrical which e.g. B. can be given by an indirect ground reference via the converter from the grounded AC supply network, this grounding and symmetry is not affected.
  • the DC grid can be operated flexibly both in "stand-alone” operation, for example with electrical power from the battery, and in grid-connected operation with a given ground reference from an AC supply grid via the converter.
  • the DC-side protection concept for a grounded DC network does not have to be changed. This simplifies the system design by ensuring that during operation of the DC network no voltages to earth occur that are significantly higher than half of the total DC voltage.
  • the voltage to ground potential can include the full system voltage if one of the DC potentials is close to ground potential.
  • the insulation in DC consumers must then or from the outset be designed for the maximum occurring DC voltages against earth potential. The method thus simplifies the system design, since the DC voltages can be balanced (within certain limits) and it can thus be ensured that the maximum occurring DC voltages against ground potential are limited to about half the DC intermediate circuit voltage or the DC -Mains is switched off if necessary
  • the compensating current is generated via the at least one semiconductor switch when the asymmetry of the voltages exceeds a predeterminable first threshold value.
  • the balancing unit only intervenes when the asymmetry of the two DC voltages exceeds the first threshold value.
  • Such an application threshold, ie the realization of the first threshold value, for the equalizing current can, for. B. be achieved by appropriate selection and design of the electrical and / or electronic components of the balancing unit, in particular through the use of Zener diodes to control the Semiconductor switch when the first threshold is reached. In this way it can be achieved that a compensating current flows through the balancing unit to ground potential only above a certain asymmetry. This can be particularly advantageous if z. B. the power converter is designed as a bidirectional, three-phase inverter and a zero-sequence system is modulated onto the DC lines on the DC side, as z. B. is the case when using a flattop modulation.
  • the method has the step that, alternatively or additionally, the asymmetry of the voltages is determined by the control unit.
  • the semiconductor switches are e.g. B. switching transistors are controlled by the control unit, preferably switched on and off in binary form.
  • the onset threshold for the equalization current i.e. the first threshold value, is determined by the control unit and the semiconductor switches are controlled via control signals, so that only above a certain asymmetry does an equalization current flow through the balancing unit to ground.
  • the size of the equalizing current is monitored by the control unit. If the compensating current exceeds a predefinable second threshold value, a switch-off signal is generated and output.
  • the control unit preferably generates the switch-off signal and outputs it. In such a case, the asymmetry of the DC voltages is too great, which can indicate a significant insulation fault in the DC network, and should no longer be compensated for by the method.
  • the output of the switch-off signal causes the DC network to be disconnected from an electrical energy store and/or a DC source. For this case of too large Equalizing current makes it possible to switch off the DC grid for safety reasons.
  • a balancing unit for a DC network with a first DC conductor and a second DC conductor, wherein at least one DC load and an electrical energy store and/or a DC source can be connected between the first DC conductor and the second DC conductor has a first semiconductor switch and a second semiconductor switch.
  • the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor. There is a connection at ground potential between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch.
  • the balancing unit is designed in such a way that at least one semiconductor switch is operated in such a way that if there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first and second DC conductors with respect to ground potential, a compensating current flows between at least one of the DC conductors and ground potential via the at least one semiconductor switch, wherein the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors with respect to ground potential is reduced by the compensating current, the voltages in particular being balanced with respect to ground potential.
  • the first and second semiconductor switches are in the form of transistors.
  • the balancing unit can have bipolar transistors as semiconductor switches, which are used as controllable resistors or current sources and generate the compensating current at their terminals under certain voltage conditions.
  • the compensating current flows as a result of the non-linearities of the semiconductors, in that the semiconductor has a variable resistance depending on an analog control signal at the control input of the semiconductor.
  • the balancing unit can have switching transistors as semiconductor switches. The switching transistors can be actively actuated, for example, by a control unit.
  • the actuation takes place by means of a preferably digital control signal, which is generated by the control unit on which the above-described method is preferably carried out.
  • the control connections of the transistors are connected to a center tap of a series connection of two ohmic resistors arranged between the first and the second DC conductor, the series connection of the ohmic resistors forming a voltage divider. If the voltages on the DC conductors are asymmetric, the potential of the center tap shifts so that the control terminal of one of the transistors is activated and a compensating current is generated via this transistor.
  • This embodiment is particularly suitable for bipolar transistors, for example.
  • a zener diode is arranged between the center tap of the voltage divider and the control terminals of the transistors. This zener diode makes it possible to ensure that small asymmetries in the DC voltages do not affect the transistors, but that a voltage is only present at the control inputs of the transistors when a first threshold value is reached.
  • the first threshold value depends on the breakdown voltage of the zener diode. This embodiment is particularly suitable for bipolar transistors, for example.
  • the balancing unit described thus allows the implementation of the first threshold value, so that a compensating current flows through the balancing unit to ground potential only above a specific asymmetry.
  • the power converter is designed as a bidirectional, three-phase inverter and a zero-sequence system is modulated onto the DC lines on the DC side, as z. B. is the case when using a flattop modulation.
  • Implementing the first threshold value for activating the generation of the compensating current can prevent the balancing unit from working against a system behavior desired by the converter.
  • an ammeter and a further zener diode are arranged in series with it, with a control unit using the ammeter detecting a current flow through the further zener diode and generating and outputting a switch-off signal when a current flows through the further zener diode, resulting in switching of the additional zener diode and thus that a second threshold value for the compensating current is exceeded.
  • a compensating current that exceeds the second threshold value can be detected. This means that the DC network can be switched off if a required compensating current becomes too large, ie the asymmetry of the DC voltages is too large.
  • a first voltmeter is arranged in parallel with the first semiconductor switch and a second voltmeter is arranged in parallel with the second semiconductor switch, the first voltmeter being designed to measure the voltage of the first DC conductor against ground potential and the second voltmeter being designed to measure the voltage of the second DC conductor against ground potential.
  • the control unit z. B. monitor an asymmetry of the DC voltages, so the first DC conductor to ground potential and the second DC conductor to ground potential. If the asymmetry of the DC voltages is too large, ie exceeds e.g. B. the first threshold value, a switch-off signal is generated and output by the control unit.
  • the switch-off signal can e.g. B. Control switches that disconnect a DC source or a battery from the DC grid.
  • the first and the second semiconductor switch are connected as part of a charge pump.
  • the charge pump comprises a first series connection made up of four semiconductor switches, a second series connection made up of four diodes and a third series connection made up of two capacitors.
  • the series circuits are each connected between the DC conductors and their midpoints are tied together.
  • the charge pump preferably has a resonant circuit made up of a coil and a capacitor, the series connection of the capacitors forming an intermediate circuit into which charge is pumped from one of the DC conductors.
  • the balancing unit is designed such that a further DC network can be operated between the connection to ground potential, which is arranged between the first semiconductor switch and the second semiconductor switch, and the first or second DC conductor.
  • the connection point to the ground potential can thus be used as an additional busbar of the DC network, on which consumers can be operated with half the nominal voltage, for example.
  • the control unit is set up to control the at least one semiconductor switch as a function of the asymmetry of the DC voltages.
  • the compensating current that is suitable for reducing the determined asymmetry of the DC voltages and preferably for symmetrizing them is generated by suitably driving the semiconductor switches. This embodiment is particularly suitable for switching transistors.
  • the balancing unit can thus provide a dedicated balancing circuit that provides a (middle) potential between the two DC potentials that can be connected to ground potential via the semiconductor switches for balancing the voltages if necessary.
  • the balancing unit can work in several stages: no balancing with small asymmetry, balancing as long as possible or sensible, and switching off the DC network if necessary.
  • An insulation resistance of the DC network to ground potential changes depending on the asymmetry of the voltages. In the case of symmetrical DC voltages, it has a high resistance, and it becomes smaller as the asymmetry increases. If it becomes too small, the DC grid can be switched off by disconnecting the DC source or the battery.
  • the application also relates to a DC network with a balancing unit as described above.
  • the application also relates to an electrical system with such a DC network and a power converter for power transfer between an AC side of the power converter and a DC side of the power converter, the AC side of the power converter being connectable to a grounded three-phase AC supply network and the DC side of the converter is connected to the DC grid.
  • the DC network can optionally also be operated without a power converter. This can include the case that the power converter is switched off or not connected to the DC grid at all.
  • the DC network can optionally be operated with a galvanically isolating converter or a converter without a transformer. In each of these cases, the symmetry circuit can bring about a balancing of the DC voltages as required and at the same time, if necessary, a grounding of the DC network. This means that an effective protection concept for the DC network can be implemented using the balancing circuit.
  • the dimensioning of the insulation of the lines within the DC network can be sufficient for half the system voltage against ground potential, since the balancing unit can cause the DC voltages in the DC network to be essentially symmetrical about ground potential.
  • the insulation resistance of the DC network can be determined using a measuring circuit. They can be used to detect symmetrical errors if the working voltage of the measuring circuit remains below the activation threshold, ie the first threshold value, of the balancing circuit.
  • 1 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment of a method
  • 2 schematically shows an example of a course of the ground potential in relation to the DC voltages
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows an electrical system with an embodiment of a balancing unit
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows an electrical system with an embodiment of a balancing unit with a zener diode
  • FIG. 5 schematically shows an electrical system with an embodiment of a balancing unit with two zener diodes
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic of an electrical system with an embodiment of a two-voltmeter balancing unit
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows an electrical system with an embodiment of a balancing unit with a charge pump
  • the method is used to balance voltages on a first DC conductor DC+ and a second DC conductor DC-, each with respect to ground potential in a DC network 14 (FIGS. 3 to 7).
  • the method is carried out by means of a balancing unit 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, examples of which are shown in FIGS.
  • the balancing unit has a first semiconductor switch T1, T3, T5, T7, T9 and a second semiconductor switch T2, T4, T6, T8, T12, which are connected in series between the first DC conductor DC+ and the second DC conductor DC- .
  • step S1 if there is an asymmetry of the voltages of the first DC conductor DC+ with respect to ground potential PE and of the second DC conductor DC- with respect to ground potential PE, a transition is made to step S2 via the “+” branch. In the absence of the asymmetry, branch step S1 continues.
  • step S1 can e.g. B. be done in that the control unit determines the presence of an asymmetry of the voltages.
  • the asymmetry z. B. be recognized by the circuit design in hardware.
  • step S1 the "+" branch can only be entered if the asymmetry of the voltages exceeds a first threshold value TH1 (FIG. 2).
  • TH1 a first threshold value
  • a compensating current IA (Fig. 8) between at least one of the DC conductors DC+, DC- and ground potential PE via at least one of the semiconductor switches T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T12 is generated, whereby the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- in relation to ground potential PE is reduced by the compensating current IA, with the voltages of the DC conductors DC+, DC- being balanced in particular with respect to the ground potential PE.
  • the control unit 22 can preferably control the semiconductor switches T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T12 in step S2 to generate the compensating current.
  • the semiconductor switches T1, T2, T3, T4 z. B. be controlled via the hardware circuit.
  • Step S3 branch “+” is entered if the compensating current IA generated in step S2 exceeds a second threshold value TH2 (FIG. 8). If the second threshold value TH2 is not exceeded, branch step S3 continues. Step S3 can also be implemented in terms of circuitry in hardware or by means of the control unit 22 .
  • a switch-off signal for the DC network 14 is generated in step S4. This occurs because in step S3 an excessive equalizing current IA and/or an excessive asymmetry was detected.
  • the switch-off signal is preferably generated by the control unit 22 and separates the DC switch 28 z.
  • Fig. 2 exemplary curves of potentials P are shown in a DC network.
  • the ground potential PE is shown in relation to the DC voltages on the DC conductors DC+, DC-.
  • M designates the middle potential in the middle between the two potentials of DC+ and DC-. If the middle potential M corresponds exactly to the ground potential PE, then the DC voltages DC+, DC- are symmetrical about the ground potential PE. This is the desired state.
  • the ground potential PE can lie outside the middle M between the potentials of DC+ and DC-.
  • the DC voltages are asymmetrical, ie the magnitude of the voltage between DC+ and PE deviates more or less significantly from the magnitude of the voltage between DC- and PE.
  • TH1 denotes the first threshold. If the voltages DC+, DC- are in relation to the ground potential PE in such a way that PE lies within the band defined by TH1, then the asymmetry of the DC voltages is comparatively small. The asymmetry of the DC voltages falls below the first threshold value TH1. In this case, no compensating current is generated, the resistance of the balancing circuit and the insulation resistance of the DC network to earth potential are high. For the method shown in FIG. 1, this can mean that step S1 is continued.
  • step S2 can be carried out in the method of FIG. 1 and a compensating current IA can be generated.
  • the compensating current IA is intended to ensure that the position of the ground potential PE continues to be kept at the edge or within the tolerance band TH1.
  • the DC voltages are kept approximately symmetrical to the ground potential PE, with a certain asymmetry being permitted, but excessive voltages against the ground potential PE on one of the DC conductors DC+ or DC- being avoided.
  • the compensating current IA at the edges of the tolerance band TH1, in particular at the limiting value of the tolerance band TH1, changes greatly with a small voltage change, so that asymmetries in the DC voltages occur dynamically are compensated and the asymmetry is kept at the first threshold value TH1. This can be done by the control unit 22 or by a strongly non-linear behavior of the analog circuits according to FIGS. 4-7 realized.
  • the aim is to keep the position of PE close to the tolerance band TH1. If this is not possible, the equalizing current increases sharply and the equalizing current and/or the asymmetry reaches the second threshold value TH2. This corresponds e.g. 1, step S3, in which, if the second threshold value TH2 is exceeded by the compensating current IA, a switch-off signal is generated in step S4. The shutdown signal disconnects a battery 42 from the DC grid.
  • FIGS. 3 to 7 embodiments of balancing units 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 are shown schematically as components of electrical systems. Similar or identical elements are provided with the same reference symbols in FIGS.
  • FIG. 3 an embodiment of an electrical system is shown schematically.
  • a three-phase AC supply network 12 grounded at ground potential PE is connected to the AC side of a converter 10 .
  • a DC network 14 is connected to the DC side.
  • the DC grid 14 includes a battery 42 and a load 44 connected between a first DC line DC+ and a second DC line DC-.
  • the load 44 can in particular include one or more consumers such.
  • the DC network 14 can be connected to the power converter 10 via a disconnect switch 26 .
  • the power converter 10 is preferably designed without a transformer, which means that its AC side and its DC side are galvanically coupled at least during operation. As a result, the DC network 14 can be grounded via the AC supply network, provided that both are connected to the converter 10 .
  • the balancing unit 20 has a first semiconductor switch T1 and a second semiconductor switch T2, which are preferably in the form of bipolar transistors and are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor DC+, DC-.
  • a series circuit of two resistors R1, R2 is connected between the first DC conductor DC+ and the second DC conductor DC- Form voltage dividers and preferably have identical resistance values.
  • a midpoint of the voltage divider is connected to the control connection of the first semiconductor switch T1 and to the control connection of the second semiconductor switch T2.
  • a connection with ground potential PE is arranged between the first semiconductor switch T1 and the second semiconductor switch T2.
  • the balancing unit 20 is designed in such a way that at least one of the semiconductor switches T1, T2 is operated in such a way that when there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE, a compensating current IA occurs between at least one of the DC conductors DC+, DC and ground potential PE flows through the at least one semiconductor switch T1, T2. This is done in that when there is an asymmetry of the voltages, a potential shift of the center point of the voltage divider occurs, so that a voltage relative to ground potential PE is present at the control terminals of the semiconductor switches T1, T2. Depending on the direction of the asymmetry, this means that one of the semiconductor switches T1, T2 changes its resistance.
  • this respective semiconductor switch T1, T2 is activated and establishes a conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE, with the resistance of the relevant semiconductor switch T1, T2 becoming smaller the larger the asymmetry and thus the voltage is at its control input with respect to ground potential PE.
  • a compensating current IA flows through this conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE, which reduces or at least keeps the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE.
  • the voltages of the DC conductors DC+, DC- can be balanced with respect to the ground potential PE.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows an embodiment of the electrical system corresponding to FIG. 3 with a zener diode Z1 for realizing the first threshold value TH1.
  • a three-phase AC supply network 12 grounded at ground potential PE is connected to the AC side of a converter 10 .
  • a DC network 14 is connected to the DC side.
  • the DC grid 14 includes a battery 42 and a load 44 connected between a first DC line DC+ and a second DC line DC-.
  • the load 44 can in particular include one or more consumers such.
  • the DC network 14 can be connected to the power converter 10 via a disconnect switch 26 .
  • the balancing unit 30 has a first semiconductor switch T3 and a second semiconductor switch T4, which are preferably in the form of bipolar transistors and are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor DC+, DC-.
  • Two resistors R3, R4 are connected in series between the first DC conductor DC+ and the second DC conductor DC- and form a preferably symmetrical voltage divider.
  • a center tap between the two resistors R3, R4 is connected to the control connection of the first semiconductor switch T3 and to the control connection of the second semiconductor switch T4 via a zener diode Z1.
  • a connection with ground potential PE is arranged between the first semiconductor switch T3 and the second semiconductor switch T4.
  • the balancing unit 30 is designed in such a way that at least one semiconductor switch T3, T4 is operated in such a way that if there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE, which reaches a first threshold value TH1, a compensating current IA flows between at least one of the DC conductors DC+, DC- and ground potential PE via the at least one semiconductor switch T3, T4. This is done in that when there is an asymmetry of the voltages that is greater than the first threshold value TH1, a voltage is present at the zener diode Z1 that exceeds the breakdown voltage of the zener diode Z1.
  • the zener diode Z1 becomes conductive, so that a voltage is present at the control terminals of the semiconductor switches T3, T4.
  • this respective semiconductor switch T3, T4 is activated and establishes a conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE, with the resistance of the relevant semiconductor switch T1, T2 becoming smaller the larger the asymmetry and thus the voltage is at its control input with respect to ground potential PE.
  • a compensating current IA flows through this conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE, which reduces or at least keeps the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE.
  • the voltages of the DC conductors DC+, DC- to be balanced to earth potential PE.
  • the circuit is designed in such a way that the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode Z1 is selected in such a way that the respective semiconductor switch T3, T4 is only activated and the compensating current IA is only generated when the asymmetry of the DC voltages reaches or exceeds the first threshold value TH1 .
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the electrical system according to FIG. 4 with two zener diodes.
  • a three-phase AC supply network 12 grounded at ground potential PE is connected to the AC side of a converter 10 .
  • a DC network 14 is connected to the DC side.
  • the DC grid 14 includes a battery 42 and a load 44 connected between a first DC line DC+ and a second DC line DC-.
  • the load 44 can in particular include one or more consumers such.
  • the DC network 14 can be connected to the power converter 10 via a circuit breaker 26 .
  • the balancing unit 40 has a first semiconductor switch T5 and a second semiconductor switch T6, which are preferably in the form of bipolar transistors and are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor DC+, DC-.
  • Two resistors R5, R6 are connected in series between the first DC conductor DC+ and the second DC conductor DC- and form a preferably symmetrical voltage divider.
  • a center tap between the two resistors R5, R6 is connected to the control connection of the first semiconductor switch T5 and to the control connection of the second semiconductor switch T6 via a Zener diode Z2.
  • Two resistors R9, R10 are connected in series between the first semiconductor switch T5 and the second semiconductor switch T6 and form a further, preferably symmetrical, voltage divider.
  • a connection with ground potential PE is arranged between the resistor R9 and the resistor R10.
  • the center between the resistors R9 and R10 is also connected to the control terminals of the first and second semiconductor switches T5, T6 and thus also to the Zener diode Z2 via a further Zener diode Z3 and an ammeter 24 connected in series with it.
  • the zener diode Z2, the ammeter 24 and the further zener diode Z3 are connected in series between the center tap between R5 and R6 and ground potential PE.
  • the balancing unit 40 is designed in such a way that at least one semiconductor switch T5, T6 is operated in such a way that if there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE, which reaches a first threshold value TH1, a compensating current IA flows between at least one of the DC conductors DC+, DC- and ground potential PE via R9 or R10 and via the at least one semiconductor switch T5, T6. This happens because, when there is an asymmetry of the voltages that is greater than the first threshold value TH1, a voltage is present at the zener diode Z2 that exceeds the breakdown voltage of the zener diode Z2.
  • the zener diode Z2 becomes conductive, so that a voltage is present at the control terminals of the semiconductor switches T5, T6.
  • this respective semiconductor switch T5, T6 is activated and establishes a conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and earth potential PE via one of the resistors R9, R10, with the resistance of the semiconductor switch T5, T6 in question becoming the smaller the the greater the asymmetry and thus the voltage at its control input compared to ground potential PE.
  • a compensating current IA flows through this conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE, which reduces or at least keeps the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE.
  • the voltages of the DC conductors DC+, DC- can be balanced with respect to the ground potential PE.
  • the circuit is designed in such a way that the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode Z2 is selected such that the respective semiconductor switch T5, T6 is only activated and the compensating current IA is only generated when the asymmetry of the DC voltages reaches or exceeds the first threshold value TH1 .
  • the compensating current IA is so great that a voltage is present at the further zener diode Z3 that reaches its breakdown voltage, then a current flows through the zener diode Z2, the ammeter 24 and the further zener diode Z3.
  • the circuit is designed in such a way that the breakdown voltage of the further zener diode Z3 is selected such that it becomes conductive when the compensating current IA or the asymmetry reaches the second threshold value TH2.
  • the control unit 22 can use the ammeter 24 to detect that a current is flowing through the zener diode Z2 and the other zener diode Z3 flows.
  • the control unit can generate a switch-off signal.
  • the switch-off signal can act on the DC switch 28 and separate the battery 42 from the DC network 14 .
  • the switch-off signal can act on the isolating switch 26 and separate the power converter 10 from the DC network 14 . The supply of electrical power to the DC network 14 from the battery 42 and/or via the power converter 10 is thus switched off.
  • FIG. 6 an embodiment of the electrical system according to FIG. 3 with two voltmeters 32, 34 is shown schematically.
  • a three-phase AC supply network 12 grounded at ground potential PE is connected to the AC side of a converter 10 .
  • a DC network 14 is connected to the DC side.
  • the DC grid 14 includes a battery 42 and a load 44 connected between a first DC line DC+ and a second DC line DC-.
  • the load 44 can in particular include one or more consumers such.
  • the DC network 14 can be connected to the power converter 10 via a circuit breaker 26 .
  • the balancing unit 50 has a first semiconductor switch T7 and a second semiconductor switch T8, which are preferably in the form of bipolar transistors and are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor DC+, DC-.
  • a series circuit made up of two resistors R7, R8, which form a preferably symmetrical voltage divider, is connected between the first DC conductor DC+ and the second DC conductor DC-.
  • a center tap between the two resistors R7, R8 is connected to the control terminals of the semiconductor switches T7, T8.
  • a first voltmeter 32 is connected in parallel with the first semiconductor switch T7.
  • a second voltmeter 34 is connected in parallel with the second semiconductor switch T8. Both voltmeters 32, 34 are connected to the control unit 22.
  • the balancing unit 50 is designed in such a way that at least one semiconductor switch T7, T8 is operated in such a way that if there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE, a compensating current IA occurs between at least one of the DC conductors DC+ , DC and ground potential PE flows through the resistor R11 and through the at least one semiconductor switch T7, T8.
  • a compensating current IA flows through this conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE, which reduces or at least keeps the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE.
  • the voltages of the DC conductors DC+, DC- can be balanced with respect to the ground potential PE.
  • the control unit 22 can detect this via the voltmeters 32, 34 and generate a switch-off signal.
  • the switch-off signal can act on the DC switch 28 and separate the battery 42 from the DC network 14 .
  • the switch-off signal can act on the isolating switch 26 and separate the power converter 10 from the DC network 14 . The supply of electrical power to the DC grid 14 from the battery 42 is thus switched off.
  • FIG. 7 an embodiment of the electrical system with switching transistors T9, T10, T11, T12 is shown schematically.
  • a three-phase AC supply network 12 grounded at ground potential PE is connected to the AC side of a converter 10 .
  • a DC network 14 is connected to the DC side.
  • the DC grid 14 includes a battery 42 and a load 44 connected between a first DC line DC+ and a second DC line are DC-connected.
  • the load 44 can in particular include one or more consumers such.
  • the DC network 14 can be connected to the power converter 10 via a disconnect switch 26 .
  • the balancing unit 60 has a first semiconductor switch T9 and a second semiconductor switch T12, which are connected in series between the first and the second DC conductor DC+, DC-. Further semiconductor switches T10 and T11 are connected in series between the first semiconductor switch T9 and the second semiconductor switch T12. Between the other semiconductor switches T10 and T11, a connection to ground potential PE is arranged via a resistor R12. A first voltmeter 36 is connected in parallel with the series connection of the semiconductor switches T9, T10. A second voltmeter 38 is connected in parallel with the series connection of the semiconductor switches T11, T12. A series connection of two capacitors 56, 58 with preferably identical capacitance values is connected in parallel with the series connection of the semiconductor switches T9, T10, T11, T12.
  • the midpoints of the series connections of the semiconductor switches T9, T10, T11, T12 and the capacitors 56, 58 are connected to one another and to the midpoint between the voltmeters 36,38. Both voltmeters 36, 38 are connected to the control unit 22. Diodes D1, D2, D3, D4 are connected in parallel with the semiconductor switches T9, T10, T11, T12.
  • the balancing unit 60 is designed in such a way that at least the semiconductor switch T9 with T10 or the semiconductor switch T11 with T12 is operated in such a way that if there is an asymmetry in the voltages of the first and second DC conductors DC+, DC- with respect to ground potential PE, a compensating current IA occurs between at least one of the DC conductor DC+, DC- and ground potential PE flows via semiconductor switch T9 with T10 or T11 with T12.
  • control unit 22 determining an asymmetry in the voltages via the voltmeters 36, 38 and, if there is an asymmetry in the DC voltages which is greater than the first threshold value TH1, driving the semiconductor switches T9 with T10 or T11 with T12 in such a way that that a conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and ground potential PE is established via the resistor R12.
  • a compensating current IA flows through the conductive connection between one of the DC lines DC+, DC- and earth potential PE, which causes the asymmetry of the voltages of the first and second DC- Conductor DC+, DC- to ground potential PE is reduced or at least kept the same.
  • the voltages of the DC conductors DC+, DC- can be balanced with respect to the ground potential PE.
  • the control unit 22 can detect it via the voltmeter 36, 38 and generate a switch-off signal.
  • the switch-off signal can act on the DC switch 28 and separate the battery 42 from the DC network 14 .
  • the switch-off signal can act on the isolating switch 26 and separate the power converter 10 from the DC network 14 . The supply of electrical power to the DC network 14 from the battery 42 and/or via the power converter 10 is thus switched off.
  • the capacitors 56, 58 form a DC intermediate circuit into which charge is pumped by a charge pump.
  • the charge pump has a bridge circuit of the semiconductor switches T9, T10, T11, T12, which are supplemented by the coil 53 and the capacitor 54 to form a resonant circuit. Due to resonant operation, charge is pumped from a DC line DC+, DC- into the intermediate circuit.
  • FIG. 8 shows exemplary curves of compensating currents IA.
  • the upper profile C1 shows an example of a profile of the compensating current IA for the case of a balancing unit 60 with a control unit 22, which controls the semiconductor switches T9, T10, T11, T, 12, as z. B. shown in Fig. 7.
  • the lower profile C2 shows an example of a profile of the compensating current IA for the case of a balancing unit 40 with circuitry implementation of the method from FIG. as shown in Figures 4-6.
  • the balancing unit 40 from FIG. 5 has a control unit, this controls the DC switch 28 for the switch-off according to step S4.
  • the threshold value TH1 is realized in terms of circuitry via the zener diode Z1 in FIG. 4 or Z2 in FIG. 5 or by means of the voltmeters 32, 34 in FIG. 6 or 36, 38 in FIG.
  • the compensating current IA is in the range of 0 if the asymmetry of the DC voltages is within TH1, i. H. no compensating current IA is generated. If the asymmetry of the DC voltages is in the area of TH1, ie in the area of the edges of the band TH1, the compensating current IA rises rapidly in order to keep the asymmetry in the area of TH1. If the compensating current IA then reaches the second threshold value TH2—according to the amount—then the switch-off signal for the DC network 14 is generated, so that the compensating current IA subsequently no longer increases.
  • the upper curve C1 also has a hysteresis in the area at the edges of the band TH1, which is realized, for example, by starting the driving of the semiconductor switches in the embodiment according to FIG. 7 when the asymmetry is slightly outside the band TH1, and only is then stopped when the asymmetry is again within the band TH1. This avoids the triggering of the semiconductors being switched on and off in quick succession in the event of asymmetries at the edge of the band TH1.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)
  • Rectifiers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour équilibrer des tensions sur un premier et un deuxième conducteur CC (DC+, DC-) dans un réseau CC (14) au moyen d'une unité d'équilibrage (20, 30, 40, 50, 60) qui comprend : un premier commutateur à semi-conducteur (T1, T3, T5, T7, T9) et un deuxième commutateur à semi-conducteur (T2, T4, T6, T8, T12), qui sont montés en série entre le premier et le deuxième conducteur CC (DC+, DC-) ; et une connexion avec un potentiel à la terre (PE), qui est située entre le premier commutateur à semi-conducteur (T1, T3, T5, T7, T9) et le deuxième commutateur à semi-conducteur (T2, T4, T6, T8, T12) ; en présence d'un déséquilibre entre les tensions du premier conducteur CC (DC+) par rapport au potentiel à la terre (PE) et du deuxième conducteur CC (DC-) par rapport au potentiel à la terre (PE), un courant d'égalisation (IA) est généré entre au moins un des conducteurs CC (DC+, DC-) et le potentiel à la terre (PE) au moyen d'au moins un des commutateurs à semi-conducteur (T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T12, le courant d'égalisation (IA) réduisant le déséquilibre entre les tensions des premier et deuxième conducteurs CC (DC+, DC-) par rapport au potentiel à la terre (PE), les tensions des conducteurs CC (DC+, DC-) étant en particulier équilibrées par rapport au potentiel à la terre (PE). L'invention concerne en outre une unité d'équilibrage.
EP21811308.2A 2020-11-12 2021-11-12 Procédé et circuit d'équilibrage de tensions dans un réseau cc Pending EP4244968A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020129921.4A DE102020129921A1 (de) 2020-11-12 2020-11-12 Verfahren zum Symmetrieren von Spannungen in einem DC-Netz und Symmetriereinheit für ein DC-Netz
PCT/EP2021/081555 WO2022101426A1 (fr) 2020-11-12 2021-11-12 Procédé et circuit d'équilibrage de tensions dans un réseau cc

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4244968A1 true EP4244968A1 (fr) 2023-09-20

Family

ID=78725477

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21811308.2A Pending EP4244968A1 (fr) 2020-11-12 2021-11-12 Procédé et circuit d'équilibrage de tensions dans un réseau cc

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20230283072A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4244968A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023549103A (fr)
CN (1) CN116547892A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020129921A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022101426A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022118892A1 (de) 2022-07-27 2024-02-01 Compleo Charging Solutions Ag Symmetrierungsschaltung und Symmetrierungsverfahren für eine DC-Versorgungsstation sowie DC-Versorgungsstation mit einer Symmetrierungsschaltung

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3646428A (en) 1970-11-27 1972-02-29 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Symmetrical voltage regulator
US20040246042A1 (en) * 2003-05-09 2004-12-09 Ta-Yung Yang [balance apparatus for line input capacitors ]
DE102005027081A1 (de) 2005-06-11 2006-05-04 Daimlerchrysler Ag Symmetrisches Zweispannungsbordnetz
DE102006014780A1 (de) 2006-03-29 2007-10-18 Schekulin, Ulrich Gleichstromsteller und Wechselrichter-Schaltungsanordnung
DE102006022686B4 (de) 2006-05-16 2018-03-15 Sma Solar Technology Ag Messanordnung zur Ermittlung des Isolationswiderstandes einer elektrischen Vorrichtung oder einer Anlage
US7688048B2 (en) * 2007-02-21 2010-03-30 American Power Conversion Corporation 3-phase high power UPS
US8253424B2 (en) * 2009-09-11 2012-08-28 Sma Solar Technology Ag Topology surveying a series of capacitors
DE102018115929A1 (de) 2018-07-02 2020-01-02 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Übertragung von Energie von einer Ladevorrichtung in ein Bordnetz eines Fahrzeugs und System mit einer Ladevorrichtung und einem mit der Ladevorrichtung verbundenen Bordnetz eines Fahrzeugs
CN109149549A (zh) * 2018-08-21 2019-01-04 上海交通大学 一种采用多电压均衡器并联的双极直流系统分层结构及控制方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN116547892A (zh) 2023-08-04
US20230283072A1 (en) 2023-09-07
WO2022101426A1 (fr) 2022-05-19
DE102020129921A1 (de) 2022-05-12
JP2023549103A (ja) 2023-11-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1927182B1 (fr) Procede de commande d'utilisation de redondance en cas de panne d'un redresseur multiphase comportant des accumulateurs d'energie repartis
EP2375552B1 (fr) Procédé pour commander un onduleur
EP3255773B1 (fr) Sous-module double à faible perte pour un convertisseur multipoints modulaire et convertisseur multipoints modulaire équipé de celui-ci
DE102010060633B3 (de) Verfahren zum Verbinden einer Photovoltaikanlage mit einem Stromversorgungsnetz und Photovoltaikanlage zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
EP3211784B1 (fr) Sous-module double pour un convertisseur de fréquence multipoints modulaire et convertisseur de fréquence multipoints modulaire en étant dote
EP1922804A1 (fr) Dispositif de transmission d'energie electrique
DE102013114729A1 (de) Wechselrichter und Verfahren zum Detektieren eines Phasenausfalls in einem Energieversorgungsnetz
DE102011054002A1 (de) Dezentrale Energieerzeugungsanlage mit Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Inselnetzerkennung
DE102013214693A1 (de) Anordnung zur Kompensation von Blindleistung und Wirkleistung in einem Hochspannungsnetz
WO2022101426A1 (fr) Procédé et circuit d'équilibrage de tensions dans un réseau cc
EP3602762B1 (fr) Onduleur
DE102016117379A1 (de) Verfahren zum Reformieren eines Elektrolytkondensators in einem Stromrichter und Stromrichter mit diesem
DE102013102837A1 (de) Wechselrichter und Betriebsverfahren für einen Wechselrichter
DE102015111804B3 (de) Verfahren zum betrieb eines wechselrichters und wechselrichter, sowie photovoltaikanlage
EP3741023B1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé pour commander un flux de charge dans un réseau à tension alternative
WO2021228769A1 (fr) Onduleur photovoltaïque triphasé à fonctionnement isolé en 2 phases en cas de défaut de réseau
EP3751718A1 (fr) Procédé de traitement de défauts dans une ligne de tension continue ainsi que dispositif convertisseur de courant permettant la mise en oeuvre dudit procédé
WO2021052949A2 (fr) Procédé de détection d'un court-circuit d'une charge cc et redresseur doté d'un tel procédé
DE102020129920B4 (de) Stromrichter zum Leistungstransfer zwischen einer AC-Seite und einer DC-Seite sowie Verfahren zur Leistungsversorgung
DE102011075658B4 (de) Verfahren zum Erzeugen von Energie mittels einer Photovoltaikanlage und Photovoltaikanlage
DE102021119899B4 (de) Verfahren zum betrieb eines wechselrichters und wechselrichter
WO2014127829A1 (fr) Prélèvement en série avec unité de précharge
DE102020129919A1 (de) Stromrichter zum Leistungstransfer zwischen einer AC-Seite und einer DC-Seite sowie Verfahren zur Leistungsversorgung
WO2022101423A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de mise à la terre d'un réseau à courant continu
EP4244965A1 (fr) Commutation d'un convertisseur ca/cc sur un réseau cc

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE

PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20230606

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR

DAV Request for validation of the european patent (deleted)
DAX Request for extension of the european patent (deleted)