EP4244002A1 - Anneau mouleur pour l'obtention d'un produit en alliage de titane ou en intermetallique tial et procede l'utilisant - Google Patents
Anneau mouleur pour l'obtention d'un produit en alliage de titane ou en intermetallique tial et procede l'utilisantInfo
- Publication number
- EP4244002A1 EP4244002A1 EP21848163.8A EP21848163A EP4244002A1 EP 4244002 A1 EP4244002 A1 EP 4244002A1 EP 21848163 A EP21848163 A EP 21848163A EP 4244002 A1 EP4244002 A1 EP 4244002A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- layer
- alc
- alloy
- molding ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
- B22D7/066—Manufacturing, repairing or reinforcing ingot moulds
- B22D7/068—Manufacturing, repairing or reinforcing ingot moulds characterised by the materials used therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/041—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds for vertical casting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/001—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of specific alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/055—Cooling the moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/04—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into open-ended moulds
- B22D11/059—Mould materials or platings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D15/00—Casting using a mould or core of which a part significant to the process is of high thermal conductivity, e.g. chill casting; Moulds or accessories specially adapted therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
- B22D27/045—Directionally solidified castings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D7/00—Casting ingots, e.g. from ferrous metals
- B22D7/06—Ingot moulds or their manufacture
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of the production of alloys, in particular aeronautical alloys such as titanium-based alloys or TiAl intermetallics, in particular molding rings used to obtain ingots and processes using such molding rings.
- the production of alloys in particular by ingot pulling, mainly consists of heating a raw material in a crucible to melt it and pouring it into a molding ring which will give the ingot its shape.
- Molding rings are generally partly made of copper and can be cooled with water. Copper is used because of its high thermal conductivity allowing good heat exchange, but also because of its good ductility facilitating its use by limiting the risk of breakage of this critical part. Thus, copper is particularly suitable for making the areas of the molding ring that need to be cooled, called cold areas.
- foundry ceramics such as alumina, yttria, zirconia or their derivatives and composites, are generally the most suitable for the manufacture of alloy.
- Refractory metals are occasionally used to produce the hot zones.
- the risk of chemical interactions between these and titanium-based alloys or TiAl intermetallics is high.
- low melting point eutectics can form and lead to the formation of critical defects in these alloys.
- aluminum nitride has been used for the manufacture of foundry crucibles, which has proved to be promising. However, this material is expensive.
- the present invention provides a molding ring for molding a titanium-based or intermetallic TiAl alloy ingot, formed of a tube with a first and a second end and comprising:
- a first section made of a thermally conductive material, and extending from the first end, in particular over a length L1 of between 0.065 and 0.09 m;
- a second section made of an alloy material in the MAX phase and extending from the first section, in particular over a length L2 of between 0.17 and 0.3 m; in which the MAX phase is chosen from: b ⁇ AliCs, Nb 2 AlC, Ti 2 AlC and Ti 2 AlN.
- the thermally conductive material may be copper.
- the internal surface of the tube at the level of the second section can be covered with one or more layers, each of the layers is in a material chosen from: b ⁇ AliCs, Nb 2 AlC, Ti 2 AlC, Ti 2 AlN and AlN .
- the internal surface of the tube at the level of the second section can be covered, from the outside inwards:
- the internal surface of the tube at the level of the second section can be covered, from the outside inwards:
- the internal surface of the tube at the level of the second section can be covered, from the outside inwards:
- the first section and the second section can be connected to each other by a junction made by mechanical assembly or welding.
- the molding ring may further comprise a third section extending from the second section to the second end, in particular over a length of at least 0.03 m, and made of a thermally conductive material.
- the molding ring may further comprise a flange extending from the first end perpendicular to the extension of the first section and outwards.
- the present invention relates to a process for obtaining a titanium alloy or TiAl intermetallic product by plasma torch fusion, the alloy having a directed structure.
- the method comprises:
- FIG. 1 shows a diagram illustrating the cold crucible plasma torch fusion process using the molding ring according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a molding ring according to the invention with a cold zone and a hot zone.
- FIG. 3 illustrates a molding ring according to the invention with a cold zone, a hot zone and a second cold zone.
- FIG. 4 shows the angle a formed by the solidification front with respect to a plane perpendicular to the drawing direction as a function of the length of the cold zone L1 and the length of the hot zone L2 at a drawing speed of 0 .00015 m/s.
- FIG. 5 shows the angle a formed by the solidification front with respect to a plane perpendicular to the drawing direction as a function of the length of the cold zone L1 and the length of the hot zone L2 at a drawing speed of 0 .0003 m/s.
- FIG. 6 shows the angle a formed by the solidification front with respect to a plane perpendicular to the pulling direction as a function of the length of the cold zone L1 and the length of the hot zone L2 at a pulling speed of 0 .00045 m/s.
- FIG. 7 shows the angle a formed by the solidification front with respect to a plane perpendicular to the pulling direction as a function of the length of the hot zone L2 and the length of the cold zone L3 at a pulling speed of 0 .0003 m/s, for a cold zone length L1 of approximately 0.077 m.
- the lines are isopleth lines joining points of the same angular value.
- the continuous line indicates the limit between the domain where the angle a is greater than 10° and the domain where it is less than 10°. The darker the pattern, the greater the angle.
- a molding ring according to the present invention is described below with reference to Figure 2 and Figure 3.
- Such a molding ring 1 is particularly suitable for molding a titanium-based alloy ingot or intermetallic TiAl, formed of a tube with a first end 11 and a second end 12.
- the molding ring 1 comprises a first section 13 and a second section 14 of tube.
- the first section 13 is made of a thermally conductive material, and extends from the first end 11, in particular over a length L1 of between 0.065 and 0.09 m.
- the second section 14 is made of an alloy in the MAX phase and extends from the first section 13, in particular over a length L2 of between 0.17 and 0.3 m; the MAX phase being chosen from: Nb-iAliCs, NbzAlC, TizAlC and TizAlN. These MAX phases are the most compatible phases with the compositions of titanium-based alloys and TiAl intermetallic alloys.
- such alloys include other elements, the most commonly used of which are zirconium, molybdenum, niobium, chromium, tungsten, vanadium, carbon and boron.
- these MAX phases retained are compatible with a temperature specific to the melting temperatures of titanium-based alloys and TiAl intermetallic alloys which are close to 1500° vs.
- the molding ring 1 may further comprise a third section 15 extending from the second section 14 to the second end 12, in particular over a length L3 of at least 0.03 m, and in one thermally conductive material.
- the lengths L1, L2 and L3 were determined by simulation with the aim in particular of obtaining a solidification front perpendicular to the direction of drawing, that is to say to the longitudinal axis of the molding ring. 1.
- the results of his simulations are shown in figures 3 to 6. These figures show the impact of the choice of lengths L1 and L2 on the flatness of the solidification front at different pulling speeds, respectively 0.00015 m/s , 0.0003 m/s and 0.00045 m/s.
- the flatter the solidification front the clearer the corresponding domain. It can be seen that the higher the pulling speed, the more the range corresponding to a solidification front forming an angle of less than 10° with respect to a plane perpendicular to the pulling direction is reduced.
- the angle is measured at the level of the internal surface of the molding ring in a plane comprising the longitudinal axis of the drawn ingot collinear with the drawing direction; this angle is that between a straight line resulting from the intersection between the plane considered and the plane perpendicular to the pulling axis and a straight line tangent to the curve resulting from the intersection between the plane considered and the solidification front taken from the inner surface of the molding ring.
- the length intervals have been defined in order to have a good compromise between the flatness of the solidification front and the range of pulling speed over which the process is applicable. When the length L1 and the length L2 are situated in the aforementioned intervals, the angle is less than 10° for a wide range of drawing speeds.
- the first section 13 is a cold zone and serves in particular as a heat exchange surface between the alloy which has been poured into the molding ring and a heat transfer fluid circuit, making it possible to maintain the temperature of the alloy at about 25°C at this level.
- the thermally conductive material is preferably copper, a material which has a high thermal conductivity while being ductile.
- the second section 14 is a hot zone, that is to say a zone which is heated to remelt the alloy at this level, then making it possible to obtain the flattest possible solidification front, in particular with a angle less than 10°.
- the LT AICS and NbzAlC phases can be used alone.
- the internal surface of the tube at the level of the second section be covered with one or more layers, each of the layers being in a material chosen from: Nb4AICA, NbzAlC, TizAlC, TizAIN and AIN.
- the configurations having AlN in the innermost layer are particularly suitable for pulling alloys free of aluminum and having melting temperatures above 1600° C.
- the layers preferably have a thickness of between 50 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m. For example: 60 pm, 70 pm, 80 pm, 90 pm, 100 pm, 250 pm, 500 pm, or 750 pm.
- the choice of the materials mentioned above also has the advantage of facilitating the manufacture of the molding ring. Indeed, all these materials are now available in the form of powders.
- the different powders chosen can be densified or deposited in the form of layers.
- the temperatures necessary to densify these different materials are relatively close, between 1400 and 1700° C., which can make it possible in particular to seal them together.
- the following method can be implemented: the different materials are positioned concentrically in a mold allowing the high temperature sintering of powders. If thin thicknesses are required (i.e. less than 250 ⁇ m), the cold spray process can be used to create the necessary layers on the internal surface of the molding ring.
- the high power pulsed magnetron cathode sputtering process (also called HiPIMS) can be implemented on the internal face of the molding ring.
- the flash sintering process (spark plasma sintering) can be used, for example by applying the following densification cycle:
- An additional layer not in contact with the molten alloy can be added in the molding ring, for example on the outer surface, but generally at any level with the only limitation that it is not in contact. with the molten alloy.
- This additional layer consists of a ferromagnetic material, in particular a ferromagnetic alloy.
- This additional layer makes it possible to promote the magnetic coupling with the molding ring. Examples of materials for such a layer are: pure iron, FeCo or FeSi alloys, etc.
- the additional layer preferably has a thickness of at least 250 ⁇ m, for example 300 ⁇ m, 350 ⁇ m, 400 ⁇ m, 450 ⁇ m, 500 ⁇ m. This additional layer can be obtained by thermal spraying or cold spraying.
- the first section 13 and the second section 14 can be connected to each other by a junction 17 made by mechanical assembly or welding.
- the junction 17 is preferably included in the cold zone of the molding ring. Indeed, this avoids limiting the assembly techniques but also taking advantage of the ductility of copper to limit the bending stresses in the stacks of layers in MAX phase.
- the third section 15, when provided, is a cold zone for cooling the alloy.
- the second end 12 of the molding ring may have a chamfer facilitating the insertion of the molding ring in the installation for obtaining alloy ingot by pulling.
- the chamfer can be made in the third section 15, in particular so as to entirely occupy the third section 15.
- the molding ring 1 may further comprise a flange 16 extending from the first end 11 perpendicular to the extension of the first section 13 and outwards.
- the collar 16 is preferably circular, but not necessarily. It can have a square, rectangular or triangular shape, optionally with rounded corners.
- the internal wall of the molding ring is a mathematical cylinder, that is to say a surface generated by generatrices parallel to each other around a closed curve and extending between the first and second ends 11, 12.
- the closed curve is a circle (the drawn ingot is therefore a straight cylinder with a circular base), the present invention is not limited to such a form.
- the closed curve can be a square, a rectangle or a triangle. Corners can also be rounded.
- the thickness of the walls at the level of the first section 13, of the second section 14 and of the third section 15 is preferably chosen according to the maximum temperature gradient that the molding ring 1 must support between its internal surface in contact with the alloy and its outer surface.
- the thicknesses are chosen according to Math. 1 and Math. 2 above.
- the thickness el of the first section L1 is less than the thickness e2 of the section L2.
- a shoulder is formed between the first and second sections. This shoulder is preferably greater than 90° and preferably corresponds to the junction of the materials of the two sections.
- the molding ring 1 described above can be advantageously used in a process for obtaining a titanium alloy or TiAl intermetallic product by plasma torch fusion to obtain an alloy having a directed structure.
- the process is shown schematically in Figure 1 and includes:
- the method may further comprise the cooling of the third section 15 of the molding ring forming a second cold zone, in particular by a second cooling means 6.
- the method may include the supply of MP raw material (in particular in the form of offcuts, briquettes, bars, a sponge/mother alloy mixture, etc.), the heating of the MP raw material (for example by plasma torch 8, by arcs electrical, induction, electron bombardment, etc.) melting the MP raw material into a crude molten alloy, refining the crude molten alloy (including, for example, stabilizing the temperature of the alloy and removing 'impurities), and casting 2 of the refined molten alloy in the molding ring 1.
- MP raw material in particular in the form of offcuts, briquettes, bars, a sponge/mother alloy mixture, etc.
- the heating of the MP raw material for example by plasma torch 8, by arcs electrical, induction, electron bombardment, etc.
- melting the MP raw material into a crude molten alloy refining the crude molten alloy (including
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Continuous Casting (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR2012626A FR3117051B1 (fr) | 2020-12-03 | 2020-12-03 | Anneau mouleur d’obtention d’un produit en alliage de titane ou en intermétallique TiAl et procédé l’utilisant |
| PCT/FR2021/052183 WO2022117965A1 (fr) | 2020-12-03 | 2021-12-02 | Anneau mouleur pour l'obtention d'un produit en alliage de titane ou en intermetallique tial et procede l'utilisant |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4244002A1 true EP4244002A1 (fr) | 2023-09-20 |
| EP4244002B1 EP4244002B1 (fr) | 2025-11-05 |
Family
ID=75746723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21848163.8A Active EP4244002B1 (fr) | 2020-12-03 | 2021-12-02 | Anneau mouleur pour l'obtention d'un produit en alliage de titane ou en intermétallique tial et procédé l'utilisant |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US12042849B2 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP4244002B1 (fr) |
| CN (1) | CN116806176A (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3117051B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2022117965A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2595596B1 (fr) * | 1986-03-13 | 1988-04-29 | Cegedur | Lingotiere permettant de regler le niveau suivant lequel elle est en contact avec la surface libre du metal dans une coulee verticale |
| JPH0352747A (ja) * | 1989-07-17 | 1991-03-06 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 高融点且つ活性な金属の連続鋳造方法 |
| DE19747305A1 (de) * | 1997-10-25 | 1999-04-29 | Km Europa Metal Ag | Kokille für eine Stranggießanlage |
| US20060070716A1 (en) * | 2004-10-04 | 2006-04-06 | Russel Nippert | Method and system for continuously casting copper alloys |
| US7926548B2 (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2011-04-19 | Rti International Metals, Inc. | Method and apparatus for sealing an ingot at initial startup |
| CN201385110Y (zh) * | 2009-05-02 | 2010-01-20 | 大连理工大学 | 一种金属水平连续铸造的复合式铸型装置 |
| CN103056340B (zh) * | 2013-01-06 | 2015-05-20 | 沈阳化工大学 | 用TiAlC基陶瓷粉料作为金属及钛合金铸造面层的方法 |
-
2020
- 2020-12-03 FR FR2012626A patent/FR3117051B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-12-02 WO PCT/FR2021/052183 patent/WO2022117965A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2021-12-02 CN CN202180089326.4A patent/CN116806176A/zh active Pending
- 2021-12-02 EP EP21848163.8A patent/EP4244002B1/fr active Active
- 2021-12-02 US US18/255,805 patent/US12042849B2/en active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3117051A1 (fr) | 2022-06-10 |
| US20230415224A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
| WO2022117965A1 (fr) | 2022-06-09 |
| FR3117051B1 (fr) | 2023-04-28 |
| EP4244002B1 (fr) | 2025-11-05 |
| CN116806176A (zh) | 2023-09-26 |
| US12042849B2 (en) | 2024-07-23 |
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