EP4239416A1 - Clock movement with a mechanism for moving an oscillator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a watch movement (3) comprising a mechanism (1, 1') for moving an oscillator (5, 5') configured to revolutionize a support (12, 12') of an oscillator ( 5, 5') with respect to a horizontal axis (A2) which is oriented along an axis (A3, A3') oblique with respect to a horizontal axis (A2) of revolution so that the movement of the axis (A3 , A3') with respect to the horizontal axis (A2) of revolution forms a conical surface of revolution making it possible to change the orientation of the oscillator (5, 5') with respect to the plate (4) at each oscillation of the resonator (6) in order to make the oscillator (5, 5') less sensitive to the force of gravity.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a watch movement with a mechanism for moving an oscillator intended to make the latter less sensitive to the force of gravity.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In order to make a watch movement, and in particular its resonator, less sensitive to gravity, there already exist tourbillon or carousel mechanisms making it possible to drive the resonator in rotation around itself in order to cancel out the variations in rate in the vertical positions at using at least one cage. However, even with these mechanisms, the rate deviation is still sensitive to variations in horizontal positions.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The object of the invention is to propose a watch movement with low sensitivity with respect to gravity whatever its position in order to reduce its rate deviation without hiding the oscillator in cages.

To this end, the invention relates to a watch movement comprising a plate formed of a horizontal main surface projecting vertically and on which is mounted at least one oscillator comprising a resonator able to oscillate around a first axis of rotation to serve time base to the horological movement, and an escapement device selectively applying to the resonator a force of the horological movement in order to maintain and count the oscillations of the resonator, characterized in that the horological movement comprises a mechanism for moving the oscillator with respect to the plate configured to drive an oscillator support in revolution with respect to a second horizontal axis, the oscillator support of the displacement mechanism being oriented along a third axis oblique with respect to the second horizontal axis of revolution so as to that the displacement of the third axis with respect to the second horizontal axis of revolution forms a conical surface of revolution making it possible to change the orientation of the oscillator with respect to the plate with each oscillation of the resonator in order to make the oscillator less sensitive to the force of gravity.

Advantageously according to the invention, it is understood that the oscillator moves according to a movement capable of making it less sensitive to the consequences of the force of gravity while being guided in a simple manner at all times. We can deduce immediately that, regardless of the position of the watch movement (typically regardless of the horizontal and vertical positions), the oscillator by its movement makes it possible to reduce the rate deviation of the watch movement.

Therefore, with the help of the simple and robust displacement mechanism, an effect of decreasing the sensitivity to gravity is obtained in all positions of the watch movement, that is to say both horizontal and vertical. In addition, thanks to the revolution movement, it is always the same face of the oscillator support which rotates around the second horizontal axis so that the oscillator is permanently visible according to a very compact movement, in particular with respect to mechanisms with three axes of rotation.

The invention may also include one or more of the following optional features, taken alone or in combination.

The mechanism for moving the oscillator may comprise a force transmission shaft of the watch movement centered on the second horizontal axis of revolution and on the external surface of which the oscillator support is fixed in order to facilitate the movement of revolution of the support of 'oscillator. The transmission shaft is intended to receive the mechanical force of the watch movement such as, for example, that of a barrel in order to communicate it to the oscillator support.

According to a first variant, the mechanism for moving the oscillator may comprise a conical transmission fixed with respect to the plate and coupled to the escapement device so as to move the oscillator support by revolution with respect to the second horizontal axis at each resonator oscillation. Indeed, on the one hand, the oscillator support receiving force from the watch movement via the transmission shaft tends to be driven in revolution along the second horizontal axis. On the other hand, the escapement device engages with the bevel gear fixed relative to the plate. It is therefore understood that the force of the watch movement is supplied to the oscillator at each passage of the tooth of the bevel gear and causes the movement by revolution of the oscillator support along the second horizontal axis. This transfer of force can be similar to that of a classic tourbillon mechanism.

According to a second variant, the mechanism for moving the oscillator may comprise a conical transmission force transmission of the watch movement which is movable relative to the plate, coupled to the escapement device and mounted coaxially to the transmission shaft of force in order, by relative displacement between the bevel gear and the transmission shaft, to move the oscillator support by revolution with respect to the second horizontal axis at each oscillation of the resonator. Indeed, on the one hand, the oscillator support receiving force from the watch movement via the transmission shaft tends to be driven in revolution along the second horizontal axis. On the other hand, the escapement device engages with the conical force transmission transmission of the watch movement. It is therefore understood that two distinct forces are brought to the movement mechanism of the oscillator. In fact, the watch movement is arranged so that the forces supplied impose a relative displacement between the bevel gear and the transmission shaft so that a force from the watch movement is brought to the oscillator at each tooth passage of the bevel gear and causes the oscillator support to move by revolution along the second horizontal axis. These transfers of force can be similar to that of a conventional carousel mechanism.

The oscillator displacement mechanism may comprise a counterweight element mounted opposite the oscillator support with respect to the second horizontal axis in order to compensate for the unbalance of the revolution displacement of the oscillator support.

In a plane passing through the second horizontal axis, the angle between the third axis and the second horizontal axis can be greater than zero degrees and less than ninety degrees. Typically the angle can be 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70° , 75°, 80° or 85°. Of course, the higher the angle, the greater the outer envelope of displacement required. It is therefore preferred to remain below thirty degrees in order to retain a certain compactness of the watch movement.

The watch movement may comprise several oscillator displacement mechanisms, each mechanism displacing an oscillator. In this particular variant, the second horizontal axes of two oscillator supports may coincide, the two oscillator supports being able to be angularly offset by one hundred and eighty degrees with respect to the second horizontal axes making it possible to balance the center of gravity of the displaced masses.

The resonator may be of the balance-spring type and the escapement device may be of the Swiss lever type.

Finally, the invention relates to a timepiece characterized in that it comprises a timepiece movement as presented above.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

• la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'un exemple de pièce d'horlogerie selon l'invention ;
• la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de premier mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 3 est une vue en perspective partielle du premier mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention renversée par rapport à la figure 2 ;
• la figure 4 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de deuxième mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de troisième mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 6 est une vue en perspective partielle du troisième mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 7 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de quatrième mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 8 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de cinquième mode de réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 9 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple de mouvement horloger intégrant le premier mode de réalisation de mécanisme de déplacement et le deuxième mode de réalisation de mécanisme de déplacement selon l'invention ;
• la figure 10 est une vue en coupe selon le plan B-B de la figure 9 ;
• la figure 11 est une vue en perspective d'un exemple d'oscillateur monté sur un support d'oscillateur selon l'invention.

Other particularities and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description given of it below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

• there figure 1 is a schematic view of an example of a timepiece according to the invention;
• there picture 2 is a perspective view of an example of a first embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there picture 3 is a partial perspective view of the first embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention reversed with respect to the picture 2 ;
• there figure 4 is a perspective view of an example of a second embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there figure 5 is a perspective view of an example of a third embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there figure 6 is a partial perspective view of the third embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there figure 7 is a perspective view of an example of a fourth embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there figure 8 is a perspective view of an example of a fifth embodiment of a displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there figure 9 is a perspective view of an example of a watch movement integrating the first embodiment of the displacement mechanism and the second embodiment of the displacement mechanism according to the invention;
• there figure 10 is a sectional view according to plan BB of the figure 9 ;
• there figure 11 is a perspective view of an example of an oscillator mounted on an oscillator support according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AT LEAST ONE EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION

In the various figures, identical or similar elements bear the same references, possibly with the addition of an index. The description of their structure and function is therefore not systematically repeated.

In what follows, the orientations are the orientations of the figures. In particular, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "above", "below", "forward" and "backward" generally mean with respect to the direction of representation of the figures.

In the present description, to clarify the explanation of the invention axes (A1, A2, etc.) are arbitrarily declared as a first axis, a second axis, etc. It is a simple nomenclature for differentiating and naming non-identical geometric elements. This nomenclature does not imply a priority of one axis relative to another and it is easy to interchange such denominations without departing from the scope of the present description. This nomenclature also does not imply an order, that is to say that a third axis could be used without a first axis and/or a second axis being necessary for the implementation of the invention.

• un axe longitudinal X, horizontal s'étendant de la droite vers la gauche ;
• un axe transversal Y, horizontal s'étendant de l'avant vers l'arrière ; et
• un axe vertical Z, s'étendant du bas vers le haut.

In what follows, the terms of orientation are understood with respect to the orthogonal reference taken as a reference, represented in particular on the figures 9 and 10 and in which we distinguish:

• a longitudinal axis X, horizontal extending from right to left;
• a transverse axis Y, horizontal extending from the front to the rear; And
• a vertical Z axis, extending from bottom to top.

The term “horizontal” is defined with respect to the XY plane, the terms “vertical plane” are defined with respect to a horizontal component projected along the vertical axis Z.

By "plate 4" is meant the usual meaning in watchmaking, that is to say the main plate which supports the bridges and the various organs of the watch movement 3. The plate 4 is formed of a main horizontal surface along the plane XY projected vertically along the axis Z (thickness E) therefore defines the horizontal plane XY of the watch movement 3 and forms the fixed part of the watch movement 3.

By "timepiece 2" is meant all types of instruments for measuring or counting time such as clocks, clocks, watches, etc.

By “watch movement 3” is meant all types of mechanism capable of counting time whether they are powered by mechanical (for example a barrel) or electrical (for example a battery) energy.

As shown in figure 1 , the invention relates to a watch movement 3 intended to be integrated into a timepiece 2 such as, for example, a wristwatch. The watch movement 3 preferably comprises at least one oscillator 5 with a resonator 6 of the balance 7 - hairspring 8 type and an escapement device 9 of the Swiss lever 10 type.

As shown schematically at figure 10 or in the example of figure 11 , the resonator 6 is capable of oscillating around a first axis A1 of rotation to serve as a time base for the watch movement 3. The resonator 6 may include a balance wheel 7 (for example of the variable inertia type making it possible to correct its moment of inertia using adjusting screws) and a hairspring 8 (of the flat or cylindrical type). As explained below, the escapement device 9 applies to the resonator 6 a force from the watch movement 3 in order to maintain and count the oscillations of the resonator 6. In the example of the figure 6 , the anchor 10 can thus be at two levels in order, in a first low level, to cooperate with the escapement wheel 11 and, in a second high level, to cooperate with a double plate-peg assembly (not shown) mounted in the usual manner on a balance shaft (not shown) on which are mounted, in the usual way, the balance wheel 7 and the hairspring 8. In the example of the figure 11 , the anchor 10 comprises a single level in order, on the one hand, to cooperate with the escapement wheel 11 and, on the other hand, to cooperate with a double plate-peg assembly (not visible) mounted in the usual manner on a balance shaft (not visible) on which are mounted, in the usual way, the balance wheel 7 and the hairspring 8.

According to a feature common to all the embodiments of the invention, the watch movement 3 comprises at least one mechanism 1 for moving the oscillator 5 intended to impose a movement with horizontal and vertical components with respect to the plate 4. More precisely, the movement mechanism 1 is configured to drive a support 12 of oscillator 5 in revolution with respect to a second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) which is oriented along a third axis A3 oblique with respect to the second horizontal axis A2 of revolution (longitudinal). In this way, the displacement of the third axis A3 with respect to the second horizontal axis A2 of revolution (longitudinal) forms a conical surface of revolution making it possible to change the orientation of the oscillator 5 with respect to the plate with each oscillation of the resonator 6 .

In a plane passing through the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) and the third axis A3, the angle α between the third axis A3 and the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal, visible at the figure 10 ) is preferably greater than zero degrees (that is to say not coincident or parallel with the second horizontal axis A2) and less than ninety degrees. Typically, the angle α can be equal to 5°, 10°, 15°, 20°, 25°, 30°, 35°, 40°, 45°, 50°, 55°, 60°, 65°, 70 °, 75°, 80°, 85°. In the example of the figure 10 , it is 15°. Of course, the higher the angle α, the greater the displacement will take up. It is therefore preferred to remain below thirty degrees in order to maintain a certain compactness.

Advantageously according to the invention, it is understood that the oscillator 5 is therefore moved according to a movement capable of making it less sensitive to the consequences of the force of gravity while being guided in a simple manner at all times. It can be deduced immediately that, whatever the position of the watch movement 3, the oscillator 5 by its movement makes it possible to reduce the rate deviation of the watch movement 3. to gravity in all positions of the watch movement 3, that is to say both horizontal and vertical. In addition, thanks to the revolution movement, it is always the same face of the support 12 of the oscillator 5 which rotates around the second horizontal axis A2 so that the oscillator 5 is permanently visible according to a very compact movement in particular by compared to mechanisms with three axes of rotation.

Movement mechanism 1 of oscillator 5 comprises a force transmission shaft 13 intended to receive the mechanical force of watch movement 3 such as, for example, that of a barrel in order to communicate it to support 12 of oscillator 5. The transmission shaft 13 is preferably centered on the second horizontal axis A2 of revolution (longitudinal) in order to facilitate the revolution movement of the support 12 of the oscillator. Finally, in order to facilitate the fixing of the oscillator support 12 on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 13, the latter may include a flat 13a.

The support 12 comprises a base 12a intended to be fixed on the transmission shaft 13 and to receive the organs of the oscillator 5 such as a cog 14, the escapement device 9 and the resonator 6 to mount these latter pivoting by recovery using the bridge 12b. It is therefore understood that it is the geometry of the base 12a which mainly gives the inclination according to the angle α between the third axis A3 and the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal).

In the embodiments which are presented to the figures 2 to 8 , there can be counted two different variants of movement mechanism 1 depending on how the force transmitted to the movement mechanism 1 is managed.

According to a first variant illustrated in figures 2-3 And 5-6 , the mechanism 1 for moving the oscillator 5 comprises a bevel gear 15 fixed relative to the plate 4. Typically, the bevel gear 15 can be fixed on a frame 16 secured to the plate 4. In the first and third modes of achievement of figures 2-3 And 5-6 , the frame 16 comprises a frustoconical arm 16a cantilevered centered on the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) whose end of smaller section receives the conical transmission 15. In this first variant, the conical transmission 15 is coupled to the escapement device 9 using the gear train 14 so as to move the oscillator support 12 by revolution with respect to the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) with each oscillation of the resonator 6. Indeed, on the one hand, the oscillator support 12 receiving force from the watch movement 3 via the transmission shaft 13 tends to be driven in revolution along the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal). On the other hand, the escapement device 9 is engaged with the conical gear 15 fixed with respect to the plate 4. It is therefore understood that the force of the watch movement is brought to the oscillator 5 each time the tooth passes through the gear. conical 15 and causes the movement of the oscillator support 12 according to the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal). This transfer of force can be similar to that of a classic tourbillon mechanism.

In the third embodiment of the figures 5-6 , the mechanism 1 for moving the oscillator comprises a counterweight element 17 . The counterweight element 17 is oriented along a fourth axis A4 oblique with respect to the second axis horizontal A2 of revolution (longitudinal). The counterweight element 17 is preferably mounted opposite the oscillator support 12 with respect to the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) in order to compensate for the unbalance of the revolution displacement of the oscillator support 12. Typically, the fourth axis A4 forms an angle relative to the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) substantially equal to that formed by the third axis A3 relative to the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal). Of course, the counterweight element 17 can be applied to all the other embodiments of the figures 2-4 And 7-8 without departing from the scope of the invention.

According to a second variant illustrated in figure 4 And 7-8 , the mechanism 1 for moving the oscillator 5 comprises a conical transmission 25 for transmitting the force of the watch movement 3, which makes it movable relative to the plate 4. The conical transmission 25 is coupled to the escapement device 9 by the gear train 14. Finally, the bevel gear 25 is mounted coaxially and independently with respect to the force transmission shaft 13 as is better visible, for example, in the part to the right of the figure 10 . In this second variant of the second, fourth and fifth embodiments of the figure 4 And 7-8 , by relative displacement between the bevel gear 25 and the transmission shaft 13, there is obtained a displacement per revolution of the support 12 of oscillator 5 relative to the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) at each oscillation of the resonator 6.

Indeed, on the one hand, the oscillator support 12 receiving force from the watch movement 3 by the transmission shaft 13 tends to be driven in revolution along the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal). On the other hand, the escapement device 9 is engaged with the conical transmission 25 for transmitting the force of the watch movement 3 via the gear train 14. It is therefore understood that two distinct forces are brought to the mechanism 1 for moving the oscillator 5. In fact, the watch movement 3 is arranged so that the forces supplied impose a relative movement between the bevel gear 25 and the transmission shaft 13 so that a force from the watch movement 3 is supplied to the oscillator 5 at each tooth passage of the bevel gear 25 and causes the movement by revolution of the oscillator support 12 along the second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal). These transfers of force can be similar to that of a conventional carousel mechanism.

The invention is not limited to the embodiments and variants presented and other embodiments and variants will appear clearly to those skilled in the art. Thus, the above embodiments are examples. Although the description refers to one or more embodiments, this does not necessarily mean that each reference is to the same embodiment, or that the features apply only to a single embodiment. Simple features of different embodiments can also be combined and/or interchanged to provide other embodiments.

In no way limiting, it can be envisaged that the watch movement 3 can comprise several mechanisms 1, 1' for moving the oscillator 5, 5', each mechanism 1, 1' moving an oscillator 5, 5'. In the example shown in figures 9-10 , the first embodiment of the figures 2-3 is combined with the second embodiment of the figure 4 . Consequently, shared means can be provided to allow the operation of each mechanism 1, 1' for moving oscillator 5, 5. Of course, more than two mechanism 1, 1' - oscillator 5, 5 couples 'Or even a mechanism 1,1' manages the movement of several oscillators 5, 5' without departing from the scope of the invention.

In the example shown in figures 9-10 , a single transmission shaft 13 is thus used for the two mechanisms 1, 1' for moving the oscillators 5, 5'. Furthermore, insofar as the mechanism 1' is the second embodiment of the figure 4 , that is to say according to the second variant, in which a conical transmission 25 for transmitting the force of the watch movement 3 is used, a differential mechanism 18 arranged so that the forces supplied impose a relative displacement between the conical transmission 25 and the transmission shaft 13 as explained above, is used. Finally, in the example illustrated in figures 9-10 , a support device 19 receiving in particular the differential mechanism 18 carries on each side the frames 16, 16' of the mechanisms 1, 1' for moving the oscillators 5, 5' making possible in particular the use of a single transmission shaft 13 , that is to say comprising second horizontal axes A2 of two supports 12, 12' of oscillator 5, 5' combined. This configuration makes it possible to print revolutions of the supports 12, 12 'of oscillator 5, 5' offset by one hundred and eighty degrees with respect to the single second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) single with, preferably, angles α and α' identical. As seen in the example of figures 9-10 , the oscillator 5 is above the unique second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) whereas the oscillator 5' is below the unique second horizontal axis A2 (longitudinal) which allows to a certain extent to balance the center of gravity of the displaced masses without necessarily having recourse to counterweight elements 17 .

Of course, other combinations of the embodiments presented above and/or more generally other configurations of watch movement 3 are possible using the explanations above without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (11)

Watch movement (3) comprising a plate (4) formed of a horizontal main surface (XY) projected vertically (Z, E) and on which is mounted at least one oscillator (5, 5') comprising a resonator (6) capable to oscillate around a first axis (A1) of rotation to serve as a time base for the watch movement (3), and an escapement device (9) selectively applying to the resonator (6) a force of the watch movement (3) in order to sustain and count the oscillations of the resonator (6), characterized in that the watch movement (3) comprises at least one mechanism (1, 1') for moving the oscillator (5, 5') relative to the plate (4) configured to drive a support (12, 12') for an oscillator (5, 5') in revolution with respect to a second horizontal axis (A2), the support (12, 12') for the oscillator ( 5, 5') of the movement mechanism (1) being oriented along a third axis (A3, A3') oblique with respect to the second horizontal axis (A2) of revolution so that the movement of the third axis (A3, A3 ') with respect to the second horizontal axis (A2) of revolution forms a conical surface of revolution making it possible to change the orientation of the oscillator (5, 5') with respect to the plate (4) with each oscillation of the resonator (6 ) in order to make the oscillator (5, 5') less sensitive to the force of gravity. Timepiece movement (3) according to the preceding claim, in which the mechanism (1, 1') for moving the oscillator (5, 5') comprises a force transmission shaft (13) of the timepiece movement (3) centered on the second horizontal axis (A2) of revolution and on the external surface of which is fixed the support (12, 12') of the oscillator (5, 5') in order to facilitate the movement of revolution of the support (12, 12') d oscillator (5). Timepiece movement (3) according to Claim 2, in which the mechanism (1, 1') for moving the oscillator (5, 5') comprises a conical transmission (15) fixed relative to the plate (4) coupled to the escapement device (9) so as to move the support (12, 12') of the oscillator (5, 5') by revolution with respect to the second horizontal axis (A2) at each oscillation of the resonator (6). Watch movement (3) according to Claim 2, in which the mechanism (1, 1') for moving the oscillator (5, 5') comprises a conical transmission (25) for transmitting the force of the watch movement (3) which is movable with respect to the plate (4), coupled to the escapement device (9) and mounted coaxially with the force transmission shaft (13) in order, by relative displacement between the bevel gear (25) and the shaft (13) of transmission, to move the support (12, 12') of the oscillator (5, 5') by revolution with respect to the second horizontal axis (A2) at each oscillation of the resonator (6). Timepiece movement (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the mechanism (1, 1') for moving the oscillator (5, 5') comprises a counterweight element (17) mounted opposite the support (12, 12') of oscillator (5, 5') with respect to the second horizontal axis (A2) in order to compensate for the unbalance of the revolution displacement of the support (12, 12') of oscillator (5, 5') . Timepiece movement (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which, in a plane passing through the second horizontal axis (A2), the angle (α, α') between the third axis (A3, A3') and the second horizontal axis (A2) is greater than zero degrees and less than ninety degrees. Timepiece movement (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising several mechanisms (1, 1') for moving an oscillator (5, 5'), each mechanism (1, 1') moving an oscillator (5, 5 '). Timepiece movement (3) according to the preceding claim, in which the second horizontal axes (A2) of two oscillator (5, 5') supports (12, 12') coincide, the two supports (12, 12') d 'oscillator (5, 5') being angularly offset by one hundred and eighty degrees with respect to the second horizontal axes (A2) making it possible to balance the center of gravity of the displaced masses. Clock movement (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the resonator (6) is of the balance (7) - hairspring (8) type. Clock movement (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the escapement device (9) is of the Swiss lever (10, 11) type. Timepiece (2) characterized in that it comprises a timepiece movement (3) according to one of the preceding claims.

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