EP4239148A1 - Locking device - Google Patents

Abstract

A locking device comprising - a locking cylinder (1) with a rotatable cylinder core (3) which is at least partially accommodated in a housing (2) and a locking member (6) for actuating a locking element, - an electrically actuated coupling (5) for selectively connecting or Separating a rotational movement of the cylinder core (3) with or from the closing member (6), - an electronic authentication device (7) for authenticating an electronic access authorization, which interacts with the clutch (5) to close the clutch (5) in the presence of an access authorization to operate, - an electrical generator (9,14) which supplies the authentication device (7) and/or the clutch (5) with electrical energy, the generator (9,14) comprising at least one movable part (10,15). , whose movement can be converted into electrical energy, - a handle (4) which is non-rotatably connected to the cylinder core (3), the movable part (10,15) of the electrical generator (9,14) being in the cylinder core (3) or the handle ( 4) is arranged and is movable relative to the cylinder core (3) and that a recess (12,17) extending through the handle (4) to the movable part (10,15) of the generator (9,14) for displaceably receiving a generator drive member (11.18) is provided.

Description

• einen Schließzylinder mit einem zumindest teilweise in einem Gehäuse aufgenommenen, drehbaren Zylinderkern und einem Schließglied für die Betätigung eines Verriegelungselements,
• eine elektrisch betätigbare Kupplung zum wahlweisen Verbinden oder Trennen einer Drehbewegung des Zylinderkerns mit dem bzw. vom Schließglied,
• eine elektronische Authentifizierungseinrichtung zum Authentifizieren einer elektronischen Zutrittsberechtigung, die mit der Kupplung zusammenwirkt, um die Kupplung bei Vorliegen einer Zutrittsberechtigung zu betätigen,
• einen elektrischen Generator, der die Authentifizierungseinrichtung und/oder die Kupplung mit elektrischer Energie versorgt, wobei der Generator zumindest ein bewegliches Teil umfasst, dessen Bewegung in elektrische Energie wandelbar ist,
• eine mit dem Zylinderkern drehfest verbundene Handhabe.

The invention relates comprehensively to a locking device

• a lock cylinder with a rotatable cylinder core at least partially accommodated in a housing and a locking element for the actuation of a locking element,
• an electrically actuatable clutch for selectively connecting or disconnecting a rotational movement of the cylinder core with or from the closing element,
• an electronic authentication device for authenticating an electronic access authorization, which interacts with the clutch in order to actuate the clutch if an access authorization is present,
• an electrical generator that supplies the authentication device and/or the clutch with electrical energy, the generator comprising at least one moving part whose movement can be converted into electrical energy,
• a handle connected in a torque-proof manner to the cylinder core.

Electric or electronic locks, particularly cylinder locks, usually contain at least one electromagnetically or motor-actuated locking mechanism in addition to mechanical locks, which can be mechanically locked with conventional keys, or instead of such a mechanical lock, which is only released after an electronic identification check. The electronic authentication device for the identification check usually works together with suitable identification media in a wireless or wired manner, with a check being carried out in the electronic authentication device as to whether the respective identification medium has the authorization to block the has castle. After successful verification of the identity, the lock is released.

For the power supply of such electrical or electronic locks, a constant power supply to the lock and often also to the key is usually required and it is therefore necessary to ensure, in addition to the effort for such a constant power supply, that an uninterruptible power supply is available to maintain the function of the lock in every situation.

Electric or electronic locks can now be supplied with energy in any way. In addition to the possibility of a mains connection or a backup battery, proposals have already become known in which the lock or the key has a converter for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. Such converters are designed, for example, as electrical generators. The movable component of the generator can be designed, for example, as a flywheel, as is evident from the EP 1039074 A1 has become known. Such a design ensures a self-sufficient energy supply, since the electrical energy generated by the flywheel generator can be temporarily stored in an energy store and, if necessary, is made available to the electrical circuit for the identification check or for the electrical actuation of the lock.

Furthermore, it has become known to use separate fittings for energy production. Such training is for example EP 462 316 A1 refer to. At the at The electrical locking device provided for this lock cylinder uses a double lock cylinder which has a rotary knob on one side. By turning the rotary knob, the electrical energy is generated, which is then able to deliver the energy required to unlock an electromagnetically actuated locking pin. In this context, it has already been proposed to arrange the locking pin in such a way that a predetermined rotational path of the key is made possible without being blocked by the electromagnetically actuatable locking pin, and in this way a partial path of the rotational movement of a key is used to generate energy.

Further training, in which electrical energy from a rotary movement of the actuating element, such as the door knob or the handle, is obtained from DE 102004052802 A1 , FR2728613A1 and the US 3733861A known.

The EP 1723614 B1 describes an electronic lock cylinder with a knob in which an electric generator is arranged, which converts actuation of the knob into electrical energy.

The EP 2354389 B2 describes an electromechanical lock whose keyway is preceded by a movable element that is detected and displaced by the key when it is inserted. This movement is transmitted via a gear to a generator located in the lock cylinder housing, which generates electricity from the movement.

The constructions described have a number of disadvantages. In designs in which the power is generated by turning a knob, there is the problem that handling is unnatural and therefore takes some getting used to. The rotation of the knob does not cause an actuation of the locking element immediately and without idle rotation, as is usual. Rather, a first rotational movement must first be used as idle rotation for power generation. After that, the access authorization is checked, if the authorization is determined, the knob is coupled to the locking element, such as the locking nose of the locking cylinder, and only then is a further rotary movement of the knob converted into a corresponding displacement of the locking element.

In designs in which the electric generator is arranged in the lock cylinder and is driven by inserting a key, it is disadvantageous that an actuating element in the form of a key is required to generate electricity, so that designs as knob cylinders with purely electronic authentication of access authorization cannot be implemented .

The present invention therefore aims to improve a locking device of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that the disadvantages mentioned above can be overcome. In particular, a locking device is to be created in which an embodiment as a knob cylinder can be realized, which is energy self-sufficient and in which the operation of the locking process is similar to that of a conventional knob cylinder with a built-in battery.

In order to solve this problem, the invention essentially provides a locking device of the type mentioned at the outset propose that the movable part of the electrical generator is arranged in the cylinder core or the handle and is movable relative to the cylinder core and that a recess extending through the handle to the movable part of the generator is provided for slidably receiving a generator drive member.

Because the electrical generator or at least its moving part is arranged in the cylinder core, which is connected to the handle in a rotationally fixed manner, or in the handle, the generator can be actuated in any rotary position of the handle or the cylinder core. This is due to the fact that at least the moving part of the generator rotates with it due to its arrangement in the cylinder core. For driving the generator, the handle now has a recess or a channel which extends to the movable part of the generator and in which a generator drive member can be slidably accommodated or inserted. The generator drive member thus also rotates with the handle, so that the relative rotational position of the generator drive member to the movable part of the generator is always the same. It is thus ensured a predetermined relative position of the generator drive member to the movable part of the generator, which ensures optimal interaction for driving the generator. The generator is driven by the generator drive member being displaced in its receptacle, ie in the recess or the channel of the handle, by manual operation by the user, as a result of which the end of the generator drive member facing away from the user comes into contact with the movable part of the generator to take it along with its movement and thereby set it in motion. The end of the end facing the user The generator drive member preferably protrudes from the surface of the handle when it is in the recess and before the generator is actuated, to enable the user to easily push it inwards, ie moving it in the direction of the movable part of the generator.

The locking device is now operated in such a way that the user first actuates the generator drive member, as a result of which electricity is generated which is used to operate the authentication device and/or the clutch. A rotation of the handle or the cylinder core is not required for this, but on the other hand is also not a hindrance since the actuation of the generator is independent of the rotary position of the handle, as mentioned above. While the generator is being operated or afterwards, the user's electronic access authorization is checked by the authentication device, for example by reading out an identification medium that the user is carrying and that he presents to the locking device in a suitable manner for reading out the authorization data. Depending on the determined access authorization, the clutch is then actuated electrically, as a result of which the rotatable cylinder core is non-rotatably coupled to the locking element. A rotary movement of the handle then leads to an actuation of the locking element of the lock cylinder, in particular a rotatable locking lug, which in turn actuates a locking element of the lock, such as a lock bolt or a lock latch.

The electronic access authorization can be present on an authorization medium, which the user carries with him and which, in the event of an access request, is carried out by a Reading device of the locking device is read. The authorization carrier is preferably a data carrier, also called an identification medium, on which the access authorizations are stored in the form of key data. Access authorization can be read wirelessly or wired. For the wireless reading of the access authorization, the data carrier only has to be brought close to the locking device. For the contact-based reading of the access authorization, the data carrier can be inserted or introduced into a receptacle of the locking device, which is designed in particular in or on the handle, in such a way that electrical contacts of the data carrier make contact with corresponding counter-contacts of the locking device. In this case, the data carrier can have a rod-shaped part which is designed in the manner of a key shank which can be inserted into a key channel of the handle, in particular the knob.

Although the key shank mentioned above does not require any mechanical coding for the purely electronic authentication, the key shank can additionally have a mechanical coding in a preferred embodiment. In this case, the lock cylinder comprises movable tumblers, which can be moved transversely to the direction of insertion when the key shank is inserted.

However, the locking devices according to the invention can also be designed for keys with a combined mechanical and electronic coding, in which the electronic access authorization is read wirelessly. A lock cylinder of such an embodiment of the invention includes a key channel for inserting a key shank and movable tumblers, which at Insertion of the key shank are movable transversely to the direction of insertion. Furthermore, the locking device preferably includes a reading device for wirelessly reading an electronic access authorization from the key. The associated key can have the electronic access authorization stored in a data carrier that is arranged in the key shank or in the key bow.

Various designs are possible with regard to the recess, which extends through the handle to the movable part of the generator, for the displaceable accommodation of the generator drive member. According to a first variant, it is preferably provided that the recess is formed by an axial channel for the insertion of an authorization carrier. The authorization carrier can be a bowl-like object with a preferably rod-shaped key shank, which has electronic access authorization in the form of authorization data that can be read contactlessly or contact-based and/or mechanical coding. The authorization data is preferably read out when the key head has been inserted into the channel. The mechanical coding, if present, is preferably also scanned when the key bow is inserted into the channel. At the same time, the moving part of the generator is actuated when the authorization carrier is inserted axially.

In the event that the key has a key shank with a mechanical coding and the cylinder core has a corresponding key channel, it is preferably provided that the axial channel of the handle, in particular of the knob, is positioned to align with the keyway of the cylinder core.

According to a second variant of the recess for displaceably accommodating the generator drive member, it is preferably provided that the recess is formed by a radial channel in which a generator drive member protruding radially from the handle is accommodated in a radially displaceable manner. In particular, the generator drive member can be accommodated in the recess in such a way that it protrudes from the gripping surface of the handle, in particular the knob, at the end facing the user. The protruding end of the generator drive member can be actuated by a user with the hand gripping the handle and pushed into the handle to thereby drive the generator.

If, as corresponds to a preferred development, the generator drive member interacts with a restoring element, in particular an energy store, the restoring movement of the generator drive member can also be used to drive the generator and generate electricity.

According to the invention, the electrical generator supplies the authentication device and/or the clutch with electrical energy. This energy supply can be direct or indirect. In the direct variant, the electricity generated by the generator is made available in such a way that the authentication device or the clutch consumes the electricity essentially at the same time as it is generated by the generator, with storage of the electricity being dispensed with. In the indirect variant, at least part of the electricity generated by the generator is used for an electrical energy store supplied, which in turn supplies the authentication device or the clutch with electrical energy. The electrical energy store can be designed in particular as a chargeable battery.

In this context, a preferred embodiment provides that an electrical energy store is provided which supplies the authentication device and/or the clutch with electricity and is fed by the generator.

The electrical generator is preferably the sole source of energy for the locking device.

As already mentioned, the handle is preferably formed by a turning knob.

The authentication device can be embodied as a conventional electronic unit that is capable of receiving electronic authorization data and using the authorization data to determine whether access authorization is present or not. The authentication device also includes means for controlling the electrically actuable clutch.

In principle, the generator can be constructed in any way as long as miniaturization is possible in such a way that at least the moving part of the electrical generator or the entire electrical generator can be arranged in the cylinder core or the handle. For example, the electric generator in the cylinder core can be connected to a gear unit that is housed in the handle. However, it is also conceivable to accommodate both the generator and the transmission together in the cylinder core. Another possibility is that both assemblies are housed in the handle.

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in the drawing. in this show 1 a schematic representation of a conventional lock cylinder with a handle designed as a knob, 2 a detailed view of a first embodiment of a locking device according to the invention and 3 a detailed view of a second embodiment of the locking device according to the invention.

In 1 shows a lock cylinder 1 which has a fixed cylinder housing 2 and a cylinder core 3 which can be rotated about the axis 8 therein. The cylinder core 3 protrudes from the cylinder housing 2 and carries a knob 4 in the protruding area, which is fixed to the cylinder core 3 in a rotationally fixed manner. The cylinder core 3 is connected to a locking lug 6 with the interposition of a clutch 5 . The cylinder core 3 and the locking lug 6 can either be coupled to one another in a rotationally fixed manner by the coupling 5 or be freely rotatable relative to one another. The locking lug is arranged in a lock such that it can move a bolt or latch between a closed and an open position. When the clutch 5 is not engaged, the knob 4 can rotate freely, so that the locking lug 6 cannot be actuated. To actuate the clutch 5, an authentication device 7 is provided, which is capable of receiving authorization data and using the authorization data to determine whether access authorization is present or not. In the positive case, the authentication device 7 controls the clutch 6 .

According to the training according to the invention 2 an electrical generator 9 is now accommodated in the cylinder core 3, the moving part of which is denoted by 10. The movable part 10 can, for example, be pivoted or moved in translation and is driven by a generator drive member 11 . The generator drive member 11 is hereby inserted through an axial recess 12 of the handle 4 which is aligned with a channel 13 of the cylinder core 3 . The generator drive element 11 can be designed, for example, as a key whose electronic coding can be read out when inserted into the channel 13 and checked by the authentication device 7 . At the same time, when the generator drive member 11 is inserted, the generator 9 generates electricity, which is fed to the authentication device 7 and the clutch 6 .

In accordance with the training 3 in turn, an electric generator 14 is accommodated in the cylinder core 3, the movable part of which is denoted by 15. The movable part 15 can be formed by a wheel, for example, which is set in rotation when a generator drive member 18 movably accommodated in a radial recess 17 is actuated. Furthermore, a restoring spring 19 can be provided, which pushes back the generator drive member 18 after the described actuation, wherein the generator 14 can be designed to convert both the outward and the return movement into electrical current.

Claims (7)

Locking device comprehensive - a lock cylinder (1) with a rotatable cylinder core (3) accommodated at least partially in a housing (2) and a locking element (6) for the actuation of a locking element, - an electrically actuatable clutch (5) for selectively connecting or disconnecting a rotary movement of the cylinder core (3) to or from the closing element (6), - an electronic authentication device (7) for authenticating an electronic access authorization, which interacts with the clutch (5) in order to actuate the clutch (5) when an access authorization is present, - An electrical generator (9,14) which supplies the authentication device (7) and/or the clutch (5) with electrical energy, the generator (9,14) comprising at least one movable part (10,15) whose movement can be converted into electrical energy - a handle (4) non-rotatably connected to the cylinder core (3), characterized in that the movable part (10,15) of the electrical generator (9,14) is arranged in the cylinder core (3) or the handle (4) and can be moved relative to the cylinder core (3) and that a handle ( 4) a recess (12,17) extending to the movable part (10,15) of the generator (9,14) is provided for slidably receiving a generator drive member (11,18). Locking device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the recess is formed by an axial channel (12) for the introduction of an authorization carrier. Locking device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the recess is formed by a radial channel (17) in which a generator drive member (18) projecting radially from the handle (4) is received in a radially displaceable manner. Locking device according to Claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the generator drive member (11, 18) interacts with a restoring element (19), in particular an energy accumulator. Locking device according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an electrical energy store is provided which supplies the authentication device (7) and/or the clutch (5) with electricity and is fed by the generator (9, 14). Locking device according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the handle (4) is formed by a rotary knob. Locking device according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the authentication device (7) has a receiver for wirelessly receiving authorization data.

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