EP4235079B1 - Rückstossfreie vorrichtung für schusswaffen - Google Patents

Rückstossfreie vorrichtung für schusswaffen

Info

Publication number
EP4235079B1
EP4235079B1 EP22158724.9A EP22158724A EP4235079B1 EP 4235079 B1 EP4235079 B1 EP 4235079B1 EP 22158724 A EP22158724 A EP 22158724A EP 4235079 B1 EP4235079 B1 EP 4235079B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cartridge
gun barrel
breech
section
compensating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP22158724.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4235079C0 (de
EP4235079A1 (de
Inventor
Huang Zhisong
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to EP22158724.9A priority Critical patent/EP4235079B1/de
Priority to CN202210420965.0A priority patent/CN116697809A/zh
Publication of EP4235079A1 publication Critical patent/EP4235079A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4235079B1 publication Critical patent/EP4235079B1/de
Publication of EP4235079C0 publication Critical patent/EP4235079C0/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/32—Muzzle attachments or glands
    • F41A21/36—Muzzle attachments or glands for recoil reduction ; Stabilisators; Compensators, e.g. for muzzle climb prevention
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F41A1/10—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil a counter projectile being used to balance recoil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/06—Plural barrels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A21/00—Barrels; Gun tubes; Muzzle attachments; Barrel mounting means
    • F41A21/12—Cartridge chambers; Chamber liners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
    • F41A9/22—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating in a horizontal direction
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
    • F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
    • F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
    • F41A9/20—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating
    • F41A9/23—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines sliding, e.g. reciprocating mounted within a smallarm
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/02—Cartridges
    • F42B8/04—Blank cartridges, i.e. primed cartridges without projectile but containing an explosive or combustible powder charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/14—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact
    • F42B8/16—Projectiles or missiles disintegrating in flight or upon impact containing an inert filler in powder or granular form

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to ordnance, ammunition and firearms. Particularly, the invention relates to recoilless projectile launching systems using techniques of explosives-propelled compensating masses. More particularly, the invention relates to a device that can be used to fire cartridge-based ammunitions automatically producing substantially no recoil.
  • Firing a gun is well known to produce a recoil owing to the principle that an action always produces a counteraction.
  • the cartridge casing seals the breech end of a gun barrel, forcing both the projectile and gasified propellant to fly towards the muzzle.
  • Recoil of the gun body is the eventual counteraction to the movement of said projectile.
  • the recoil can degrade targeting accuracy of fast consecutive shooting as well as balance of the weapon holder.
  • eliminating recoil of firearms is becoming very desirable for applications using these light weapon carriers, especially small aero drones. It is further desirable for these recoilless weapons to be capable of automatic ammunition handling and firing.
  • Recoilless rifles in use today are based on the technique of explosives-propelled compensating masses.
  • An earliest example was U.S. Pat. 1108717 wherein a modified cartridge was placed in the middle of a continuous single launch tube open at both ends. The modified cartridge had an opening at the rear of the casing and enabled propellant gas to rush backwardly. Additionally, compensating mass materials comprising wads of felt replaced some original gunpowder inside the rear portion of the cartridge. When ignited by an electrical trigger, a projectile was propelled towards the muzzle direction while the compensating materials and at least parts of the gasified propellant rushed in the opposite direction. If properly balanced, the launch was recoilless. Weapons based on this design are often referred to as Davis Gun, named after its inventor.
  • U.S. Pat. 7814696 also utilized a single continuous launch tube with openings at both ends. Additionally, an impermeable solid divider was placed inside the middle of the tube. On the muzzle section of the divided tube was placed a first propellant charge against the divider with a first projectile overlaying the first charge. On the breech section of the tube was placed a second charge against said divider, overlayed by a second projectile. Separately, these two charges were ignited electrically, but substantially simultaneously. Once triggered, the first projectile was propelled towards the muzzle, balanced by said second projectile flying towards the breech. Said recoilless device was designed to operate under water.
  • U.S. Pat. 7418896 utilized a single continuous launch tube with openings at both ends at least immediately prior to and in the duration of the firing. With a specially designed munition placed inside the middle section for said tube, when fired, said explosion propelled a projectile towards the muzzle counter-balanced by a ballast moving towards the breech end.
  • U.S. Pat. 7997179 utilized two tubes which can be separated for ammunition handling and/or other purposes but nevertheless rejoined prior to firing, forming in effect a single continuous launch tube in at least the duration of ammunition firing.
  • a single charge was placed in the middle of said tube, propelling two payloads simultaneously in opposite directions upon ignition.
  • a payload (a water bomb) was delivered to a target without recoil by use of said apparatus.
  • U.S. Pat. 7624668 also utilized a single continuous launch tube with openings at both ends.
  • a munition was placed near the breech end of said tube.
  • the munition consisted of a projectile, a casing with a nozzle opening at its rear and a propellant powder inside said casing. When ignited, the projectile was propelled towards the muzzle direction while the propellant gas rushed through said nozzle towards the breech opening. In such a case, said propellant gas acted as the compensating mass.
  • the launch tube experienced no recoil. Weapons based on this design are often called “Recoilless Rifles" and are in common usage.
  • Some recoilless rifles can be operated automatically, utilizing ammunition handling techniques analogous to those used in a revolver.
  • a chamber is rotatably detached from a launch tube and an ammunition is inserted into the chamber. The chamber is then reattached to the tube prior to firing. Spent shell casings are later extracted from the detached chamber after firing.
  • a known example is a Rheinmetall TM RMK30 auto-cannon, which further utilized a special caseless ammunition to eliminate need for extracting spent shells.
  • U.S. Pat. 4452123 utilized a special composite ammunition, wherein sidewall of the ammunition is strong enough to also serve as part of the gun barrel. The patent further utilized a steel liner lining the inside of the gun barrel to mitigate barrel erosion issues.
  • Guns used to fire conventional cartridge-based ammunitions are capable of automatic ammunition handling. However, these guns are not recoilless.
  • Several techniques are in use to reduce their recoil, including muzzle brakes and barrel porting. There are, however, practical limits as to the magnitude of recoil reduction achievable using these techniques. These measures typically reduce recoil but do not eliminate it.
  • Various other mechanical devices can also be used to re-distribute recoil impact over a longer time duration thus reducing "felt recoil" but these methods do not eliminate recoil owing to the law of conservation of momentum. There is therefore a need for additional alternative methods that can be used to launch a bullet without recoil and provide automatic ammunition handling at the same time, for applications in small arms particularly.
  • recoil-based breech loading is an effective automatic ammunition handling method.
  • open chamber ammunition loading technique relatively simple and light weight, is a suitable technique to use in launching a non-abrasive compensating mass and/or a propellant gas, since chamber-barrel alignment requirements need not be very strict and barrel erosion issue is mitigated in this application.
  • muzzle brakes are known to reduce recoil of gun barrels.
  • explosive-propelled compensating mass techniques are proven to be capable of substantially eliminating recoil. A combination of these considerations is utilized in the present invention to provide a recoilless apparatus capable of automatic ammunition handling.
  • WO2021/124337 relates to firearms and more specific to drone based recoilless firearm systems designed for small man-portable drones.
  • US 2021/131756 relates to a zero recoil weapon system, comprising: two identical rifled barrels ES1040269 relates to an anti-return device applicable to firearms.
  • the present invention comprises a novel device in which a gun barrel and a compensating mass launch tube, each pointing in an opposite direction, are fixedly or slidably supported coaxially linearly breech-to-breech during at least the gun firing, using a fixture.
  • Each said barrel and launch tube is open at each breech end and muzzle end.
  • Sufficient gap in space is allocated between said breech ends such that an automatic ammunition handling device, comprising means for breech loading and/or unloading of ammunitions and ammunition triggering, can be mated to each said barrel/tube.
  • a cartridge is placed inside said gun barrel at its breech end and further seals said breech end.
  • a compensating mass package comprising a charge, or a compensating mass and a charge is placed inside a loading chamber attached to said launch tube at its breech end and further seals said breech end.
  • a suitable amount of said charge is utilized in each cartridge and package such that each said barrel and launch tube produces substantially the same magnitude of recoil.
  • a first loader is mated to said gun barrel providing means of loading and/or unloading of said cartridge, wherein said loader is powered generally by energy resulting from firing of said cartridge.
  • a second loader is mated to said launch tube, providing means of loading and/or unloading said compensating package.
  • An ignition device is provided whereby charges inside said cartridge and package are ignited substantially simultaneously or with a pre-determined time lag.
  • a projectile When charges inside said cartridge and package are ignited substantially simultaneously, a projectile is propelled to a target in the direction of said gun muzzle, compensated by movement of compensating masses going in the opposite direction inside said launch tube.
  • said gun barrel produces a recoil helping to extract spent shell casing from inside of said gun barrel and to power loading of a fresh cartridge into said gun barrel, said recoil is cancelled by counteracting recoil from said compensating mass launch tube leading to substantially no net recoil experienced by said fixture.
  • a predetermined time lag between said two ignitions may also be employed to mitigate possible differences in time evolution of recoil experienced by said barrel relative to said launch tube or for other purposes.
  • a further object of the present invention is to minimize weight of the device needed to operate said compensating mass launch tube.
  • the present invention utilizes a technique of open chamber cartridge loading and further comprises a novel half-obround cartridge and a loading chamber benefiting employment of said half-obround cartridges.
  • Said half-obround cartridge comprises a shell casing, the exterior shape of which is characterized by a geometry of generally a half obround, wherein said geometry consists of a rectangular prism section and a semicylindrical section overlaying said prism section, and further includes a prism height substantially equal to radius of said semicylinder.
  • Said shell casing further includes a cylindrical hollow section disposed coaxial to said semicylinder. Suitable gunpowder and a primer may be contained in said hollow section.
  • Said half-obround geometry permits lateral cartridge insertion for benefits of open chamber loading operations and at the same time closely resembles a right circular cylinder. Needed casing material and therefore weight is minimized thereby.
  • Said carrier slider is utilized for purpose of carrying an ammunition from stations of loading a cartridge to firing a cartridge and then unloading a spent shell.
  • Said slider is characterized by a transverse cross-section substantially the same as that of said tunnel, such that each transverse sidewall surface of said slider is contiguous to each counterpart sidewall surface of said tunnel.
  • a trench is formed for accepting an ammunition through said slot opening.
  • Said trench is characterized by a geometry substantially the same as that of said half-obround cartridge exterior such that each sidewall surface of a loaded cartridge is contiguous to a counterpart surface of said trench and to said first horizontal surface of said tunnel.
  • Said trench is suitably disposed in said slider such that, when suitably positioned at a station of firing a cartridge, semicylindrical section of said half-obround trench is aligned coaxially linear to said second launch tube, thereby completing formation of an enclosed loading chamber connected to said launch tube.
  • a recoil-reducing muzzle brake further included in said gun barrel reduces the size of needed compensating mass package and further reduces size of device launching said package, thereby further reducing weight of said recoilless apparatus.
  • the present invention comprises a novel device in which a first gun barrel for launching a projectile and a second gun barrel for launching a compensating mass, each pointing in an opposite direction, are fixedly or slidably supported breech-to-breech coaxially linearly during at least the gun firing, using a fixture.
  • Each said barrel is open at each breech end and muzzle end.
  • Sufficient gap in space is allocated between said breech ends, at least in the duration of said firing, such that an automatic ammunition handling device, comprising means of breech loading and/or unloading of ammunitions and ammunition triggering, can be mated to each said barrel.
  • a first cartridge is placed inside said first gun barrel at its breech end and further seals said breech end.
  • a second cartridge or blank cartridge is placed inside said second gun barrel at its breech end and further seals said breech end.
  • a suitable amount of charge is contained in each said cartridge such that each said barrel produces substantially the same magnitude of recoil.
  • a first loader is mated to said first gun barrel providing means of breech loading and/or unloading said first cartridge, wherein said loader is powered generally by energy resulting from firing of said first cartridge.
  • a second loader is mated to said second gun barrel providing means of breech loading/unloading said second cartridge or blank cartridge, wherein said loader is powered generally by energy resulting from firing of said second cartridge or blank cartridge.
  • An ignition device is provided whereby charges inside said cartridges are ignited substantially simultaneously or with a pre-determined time lag.
  • FIG 1 is a schematic diagram of a recoilless apparatus for guns in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention comprises a novel device in which a gun barrel 1 and a compensating mass launch tube 2, each pointing in an opposite direction, are supported breech-to-breech substantially coaxially linearly during at least the firing, using a fixture 3.
  • coaxial linearity refers to the geometric alignment wherein the axis of said barrel 1 and tube 2 coincide in a line.
  • Each said barrel 1 and tube 2 is open at each breech end and muzzle end.
  • a compensating mass loading chamber 4 is further attached fixedly to breech end of said launch tube 2. Said gun barrel 1 is used to deliver a projectile to a target, while said launch tube 2 is used to supply needed compensating mass movement.
  • a cartridge 5 when loaded, a cartridge 5 sits inside said gun barrel 1 at its breech end, while a compensating mass blank cartridge 6 sits inside said loading chamber 4 at the breech end of said tube 2.
  • Gun barrel 1 is furnished with a hammer head 7 and tube 2 is furnished with a hammer head 8. Each said hammer head is connected to a pull trigger. Pulling of said triggers leads to firing of said cartridge and/or packages by means of concussion ignition.
  • Barrel 1 is mated to a conventional cartridge handling and firing mechanism, the construction and operations of which are abundantly depicted in common literatures.
  • high pressure propellant gas propels the projectile forward as well as expanding cartridge casing 5. This expansion helps sealing the breech end of said barrel 1.
  • a recoil-powered mechanism comprising part 9 extracts the spent casing as well as loading a fresh cartridge.
  • Said tube 2 is mated to an open chamber cartridge handling system comprising part 10 and is described subsequently.
  • Said compensating mass blank cartridge 6 is depicted in FIG 2 .
  • Said cartridge 6 comprises a shell casing 11 the exterior geometry of which is characterized by that of a half-obround, consisting of a rectangular prism section and a semicylindrical section overlaying said prism section, wherein height of said prism is further equal to radius of said semicylinder as indicated in section 2A of FIG 2 .
  • Said casing 11 further comprises a cylindrical hollow section 12, in which a gun powder 13 and a primer 14 may be contained as depicted in section 2B.
  • Said cylindrical hollow section 12 is further disposed to be coaxial with said semicylinder.
  • said cartridge 6 further comprises a conventional cylindrical cartridge 15 inserted into said hollow section.
  • said casing material 11 comprises a polymer.
  • FIG 3 depicts details of said loading chamber 4.
  • said loading chamber 4 comprises: a tunnel open at both longitudinal ends; and a first vertical sidewall 16; and a second vertical sidewall 17; and a first horizontal sidewall 18; and a second horizontal sidewall 19.
  • a small hole 20 is formed on sidewall 16 for admitting a concussion firing pin.
  • a larger circular opening 21 is formed on sidewall 17 for connecting fixedly to said launch tube 2. Openings 20, 21 and tube 2 are disposed to be coaxially linear.
  • a slot opening 22 is further formed on sidewall 18 whereby loading of a cartridge 6 from a magazine 23 can be accomplished.
  • a carrier slider 24 is utilized for purpose of ammunition loading and/or unloading. Said slider is moved slidably longitudinally inside said tunnel, carrying a half-obround cartridge 6 held inside a trench 25 formed transversely on a first horizontal surface 26 of said slider. Transverse cross-section of said slider is characterized by an exterior dimension the same as that of said tunnel such that each sidewall surface of said slider is contiguous to a counterpart sidewall surface of said tunnel.
  • Trench 25 is characterized by a geometry and dimension the same as that of said half-obround cartridge such that each sidewall surface of a loaded cartridge is contiguous to a counterpart surface of said trench and said first horizontal surface 18 of said tunnel. Said trench 25 is further transversely disposed in said slider such that semicylindrical section of said trench 25 is coaxially linear to said tube 2 when positioned at a station of firing, thereby completing formation of an enclosed loading chamber 4.
  • said tunnel is longitudinally linear. Said tunnel sidewalls are therefore suitably planar. Counterpart surfaces of said slider and half-obround cartridge are accordingly planar to maintain contiguity.
  • said tunnel is arced longitudinally, in which case relevant sidewalls of the tunnel, slider and cartridge are accordingly arced to maintain contiguity.
  • FIG 4 depicts an example of loading chamber 4 wherein carrier slider 24 is positioned at stations of loading (I) a cartridge, firing (II) a cartridge and unloading (III) a spent shell respectively.
  • Cartridge 6 is carried by said slider 24 but not displayed for sake of clarity.
  • station (I) slot 22 and trench 25 are lined up and a cartridge 6 is laterally inserted into trench 25.
  • Slider 24 is then moved to station (II) carrying the loaded cartridge into coaxially linear alignment with launch tube 2.
  • Front surface of said cartridge 6 is contiguous to tunnel sidewall 17 and rear surface of said cartridge is further contiguous to sidewall 16, thereby sealing breech end of launch tube 2.
  • slider 24 is moved to station (III) for ejection of spent shell casings.
  • a new cycle can start after a slider 24 is positioned again at station (I).
  • only one slider is included.
  • multiple sliders may be chained together for faster executions and may further be moved in a circular loop.
  • means are provided whereby automatic operations comprising ammunition handling of said launch tube 2 are initiated and energized by its own launch recoil.
  • means are provided whereby automatic operations of launch tube 2 are initiated and energized by an external electric power source.
  • launch tube 2 is slaved to said gun barrel 1 and means are provided whereby automatic operations of said tube are initiated and energized by recoil from firing of said gun 1.
  • said fixture 3 connects said gun barrel and launch tube via contacts near muzzle points and further utilizes appropriate shock absorbing mechanisms contained in said fixture.
  • Said shock absorbing mechanisms may include elastomers, springs and various other shock-absorbers.
  • said barrel/launch tube are further connected via contacts near breech points, taking advantage of shock absorbers already built into existing guns.
  • a recoil-reducing muzzle brake further included on said gun barrel 1 further reduces the size of needed compensating mass package and reduces size of needed device launching said package, thereby further reducing weight of said recoilless apparatus.
  • Commercial muzzle brakes are widely available and can be chosen for this purpose.
  • FIG 5 is a schematic diagram of a recoilless apparatus for guns in accordance with an alternative embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first gun barrel 1 for launching a projectile and a second gun barrel 27 for launching a compensating mass, each pointing in an opposite direction are supported breech-to-breech coaxially linearly during at least the gun firing, using a fixture 3.
  • Each said barrel is open at each breech end and muzzle end.
  • Sufficient gap in space is allocated between said breech ends, at least in the duration of the gun firing, such that an automatic ammunition handling device, comprising means for breech loading and/or unloading of ammunitions and ammunition triggering, can be mated to each said barrel.
  • a first cartridge 5 is placed inside said first gun barrel 1 at its breech end and further seals said breech end.
  • a second cartridge or blank cartridge 28 is placed inside said second gun barrel 27 at its breech end and further seals said breech end.
  • a first loader is mated to said first gun barrel providing means of loading and/or unloading of said cartridge, wherein said loader is powered generally by recoil resulting from firing of said cartridge 5.
  • a second loader is mated to said second gun barrel providing means of loading and/or unloading of said cartridge or blank cartridge, wherein said loader is powered generally by recoil resulting from firing of said cartridge or blank cartridge 28.
  • An ignition device is provided whereby charges inside said cartridges is ignited substantially simultaneously or with a pre-determined time lag.
  • a timing device is provided supplying suitable means of adjusting said time lag.
  • each gun barrel is associated with a hammer head.
  • Each said hammer head is connected to a pull trigger.
  • the pulling of said trigger leads to firing of said cartridge by means of concussion triggering.
  • Each pull trigger is operated by an electronic actuator, which pulls the trigger upon receiving an electric pulse.
  • An electronic device provides electric pulses for each actuator simultaneously or with a pre-determined time lag.
  • both guns are fired simultaneously.
  • the second gun is fired with a time delay relative to the first gun such that the first projectile already moves outside the barrel before the second gun is fired.
  • each gun barrel is mated to an automatic ammunition loader wherein operations of each loader are initiated and energized by firing of each respective gun.
  • loader operations of the second barrel are slaved to the first barrel, and further are initiated and energized by firing of said first gun.
  • Said first gun barrel may comprise a muzzle brake to further reduce its recoil thereby reducing size of said second gun barrel and additionally size of second cartridge or blank cartridge.
  • Recoilless apparatus depicted in FIG 5 may utilize components that are currently in widespread use and have been proven reliable. Recoilless apparatus constructed in accordance with this alternative embodiment have an advantage of compatibility with existing logistics.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Eine rückstoßfreie Vorrichtung, die Folgendes beinhaltet:
    einen ersten Gewehrlauf (1), der an beiden Enden offen ist.
    einen zweiten Gewehrlauf (27), der an beiden Enden offen ist, wobei jeder des ersten Gewehrlaufs (1) und des zweiten Gewehrlaufs (27) Verschluss an Verschluss eingerichtet ist; und
    eine Halterung (3), die konfiguriert ist, um koaxiale Linearität des ersten Gewehrlaufs (1) und des zweiten Gewehrlaufs (27) während mindestens des Abfeuerns aufrechtzuerhalten;
    einen ersten Lader, der in den ersten Gewehrlauf (1) eingreift und Mittel zum automatischen Hinterladen und/oder Entladen einer Patrone in dem ersten Gewehrlauf (1) bereitstellt;
    einen zweiten Lader, der in den zweiten Gewehrlauf (27) eingreift und Mittel zum automatischen Hinterladen und/oder Entladen einer zweiten Patrone oder Platzpatrone in dem zweiten Gewehrlauf (27) bereitstellt und
    einen Zünder, der Mittel zum Zünden von Ladungen, die innerhalb der ersten Patrone und der zweiten Patrone enthalten sind, im Wesentlichen gleichzeitig oder mit einem vorbestimmten Zeitabstand bereitstellt; wobei der erste Gewehrlauf (1) und der zweite Gewehrlauf (27) so konfiguriert sind, dass während des Abschießens die Patrone ferner das Verschlussende des ersten Gewehrlaufs (1) abdichtet und die zweite Patrone oder Platzpatrone ferner das Verschlussende des zweiten Gewehrlaufs (27) abdichtet;
    wobei der zweite Lauf (27) nicht notwendigerweise dieselben Abmessungen über seine Länge aufweist und ferner gleitbar oder fest in Folgendem angeordnet ist:
    einer Ausrichtung von im Wesentlichen koaxial linear zu dem ersten Gewehrlauf (1); und
    einer Position des Aufweisens einer räumlichen Spalte zwischen den Verschlussenden.
  2. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der erste Gewehrlauf (1) ferner eine Mündungsbremse beinhaltet.
  3. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei jeder des ersten und zweiten Laders Energie nutzt, die aus dem Abfeuern der ersten Patrone und der zweiten Patrone bzw. Platzpatrone erzeugt wird, um das Laden und/oder Entladen davon zu initiieren oder mit Energie zu beaufschlagen.
  4. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei der zweite Lader dem ersten Lader untergeordnet ist, sodass das Abfeuern der ersten Patrone den zweiten Lader zum Laden und/oder Entladen davon initiiert und mit Energie beaufschlagt.
  5. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, wobei das Zünden von Ladungen Erschütterungsabfeuern und/oder elektrisches Abfeuern beinhaltet.
  6. Eine rückstoßfreie Vorrichtung, die Folgendes beinhaltet:
    einen Gewehrlauf (1), der an beiden Enden offen ist, zum Abschießen eines Projektils;
    ein Kompensationsmassenabschussrohr (2), das an beiden Enden offen ist, zum Kompensieren von Massenbewegung;
    wobei jedes des Gewehrlaufs (1) und des Kompensationsmassenabschussrohrs (2) Verschluss an Verschluss eingerichtet ist;
    eine Halterung (3), die konfiguriert ist, um koaxiale Linearität des Gewehrlaufs (1) und des Kompensationsmassenabschussrohrs (2) während mindestens des Abfeuerns aufrechtzuerhalten;
    einen rückstoßbetriebenen Mechanismus (9), der Mittel zum automatischen Hinterladen und/oder Entladen einer Patrone (5) in dem Gewehrlauf (1) bereitstellt;
    ein Handhabungssystem (10) für Patronen mit offener Kammer, das Mittel zum automatischen Laden und/oder Entladen eines Kompensationspakets (6) in einer Kompensationsmassenladekammer (4) bereitstellt; und
    eine Zündvorrichtung, die Mittel zum Zünden von Ladungen, die innerhalb der Patrone und des Kompensationspakets (6) enthalten sind, im Wesentlichen gleichzeitig oder mit einem vorbestimmten Zeitabstand bereitstellt; wobei der Gewehrlauf (1) und das Kompensationsmassenabschussrohr (2) so konfiguriert sind, dass während des Abschusses die Patrone ferner das Verschlussende des Gewehrlaufs (1) abdichtet und das Kompensationspaket ferner das Verschlussende des Kompensationsmassenabschussrohrs (2) abdichtet;
    wobei das Kompensationsmassenabschussrohr (2) über die Länge nicht notwendigerweise dieselben Abmessungen aufweist und gleitbar oder fest eingerichtet ist; wobei
    die Ausrichtung des Abschussrohrs (2) im Wesentlichen koaxial linear zu dem Gewehrlauf (1) ist;
    eine Spalte zwischen Verschlussenden des Gewehrlaufs (1) und des Kompensationsmassenabschussrohrs (2) bereitgestellt ist; und
    eine Kompensationsmassenladekammer (4) an dem Verschlussende des Kompensationsmassenabschussrohrs (2) angebracht ist, wobei die Kompensationsmassenladekammer (4) zum Hinterladen und/oder Entladen konfiguriert ist.
  7. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei der Gewehrlauf (1) ferner eine rückstoßverringernde Mündungsbremse beinhaltet.
  8. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei das Handhabungssystem (10) für Patronen mit offener Kammer Energie, die aus dem Abfeuern der Patrone erzeugt wird, oder eine externe elektrische Energiequelle nutzt, um das Laden und/oder Entladen des Kompensationspakets zu initiieren und mit Energie zu beaufschlagen.
  9. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei das Zünden von Ladungen Erschütterungsabfeuern beinhaltet.
  10. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, die ein Kompensationspaket 6 beinhaltet,
    wobei das Kompensationspaket (6) ferner eine Patronenhülse (11) beinhaltet, die Folgendes beinhaltet:
    eine Außenform eines im Allgemeinen halben Langrunds, das aus einem rechteckigen Prismaabschnitt und einem halbzylindrischen Abschnitt besteht, der den Prismaabschnitt überlappt, wobei die Höhe des rechteckigen Prismaabschnitts ferner im Allgemeinen dieselbe wie der Radius des halbzylindrischen Abschnitts ist; und
    einen hohlen zylindrischen Abschnitt (12), der an beiden Enden offen ist und ferner koaxial zu dem halbzylindrischen Abschnitt angeordnet ist.
  11. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, wobei die Kompensationsmassenladekammer (4) ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    einen Tunnel, der mindestens an einem Längsende offen ist und ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    optional eine erste Öffnung (20) auf einem ersten vertikalen Abschnitt (16) von Tunnelseitenwänden (16, 17) zum Einlassen eines Erschütterungsabfeuerungsstifts; und
    eine zweite Öffnung (21) auf einem zweiten vertikalen Abschnitt (17) davon, gegenüber von und koaxial linear ausgerichtet auf die erste Öffnung (20) und koaxial linear fest verbunden mit dem zweiten Abschussrohr (2); und
    eine Schlitzöffnung (22), die auf einem ersten horizontalen Abschnitt (18) davon transversal angeordnet ist, zum Laden des Kompensationspakets (6) aus einem Magazin; und
    einen Trägerschlitten (24) zum Transportieren des Kompensationspakets (6) innerhalb des Tunnels in Längsrichtung und ferner Folgendes beinhaltend:
    einen transversalen Querschnitt, der im Wesentlichen derselbe wie der des Tunnels ist, sodass jede transversale Seitenwandoberfläche des Schlittens (24) benachbart zu jeder Gegenstückseitenwandoberfläche des Tunnels ist; und
    einen Graben (25) zum Halten des Kompensationspakets (6), der transversal in dem Schlitten (24) auf einer ersten horizontalen Fläche benachbart zu dem ersten horizontalen Abschnitt des Tunnels gebildet ist, wobei der Graben ferner Folgendes beinhaltet:
    eine halbe Langrundgeometrie, die aus einem rechteckigen Prismaabschnitt und einem halbzylindrischen Abschnitt besteht, der den Prismaabschnitt überlappt, wobei die Höhe des rechteckigen Prismaabschnitts ferner im Allgemeinen dieselbe wie der Radius des halbzylindrischen Abschnitts ist; und
    eine Orientierung, wobei der halbzylindrische Abschnitt den Boden des Grabens (25) bildet; und
    eine Anordnung in dem Schlitten, sodass der halbzylindrische Abschnitt koaxial linear auf das zweite Abschussrohr (2) ausgerichtet ist, wenn der Schlitten (24) geeignet stationiert ist; und
    geeignete Mittel, die für Folgendes bereitgestellt sind:
    Bewegen des Schlittens (24) gleitbar entlang einem Längspfad innerhalb des Tunnels; und
    Stationieren des Schlittens (24) an geeigneten Standorten entlang dem Tunnelpfad.
  12. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 10, wobei das Kompensationspaket (6) ferner eine zylindrische Platzpatrone beinhaltet, die in den hohlen Abschnitt eingeführt wird, sodass die äußere Seitenwandoberfläche der Platzpatrone benachbart zu der inneren Seitenwandoberfläche des hohlen Zylinders ist.
  13. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 10, wobei die Patronenhülse ferner ein Polymermaterial beinhaltet.
EP22158724.9A 2022-02-25 2022-02-25 Rückstossfreie vorrichtung für schusswaffen Active EP4235079B1 (de)

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US1108717A (en) 1913-07-07 1914-08-25 Ordnance Dev Company Fixed ammunition for use on air-craft.
US4452123A (en) 1982-03-01 1984-06-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Composite round/rapid fire gun
ES1040269Y (es) * 1998-05-25 1999-07-16 Mencia Almansa Cesar Dispositivo antirretroceso perfeccionado aplicable en armas de fuego.
US7814696B2 (en) 2004-10-29 2010-10-19 Lockheed Martin Corporation Projectile accelerator and related vehicle and method
US7418896B1 (en) 2004-12-08 2008-09-02 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Recoilless weapon system
US7624668B1 (en) 2005-06-10 2009-12-01 Sanford Matthew J Recoilless launching
US7997179B1 (en) 2008-04-01 2011-08-16 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Hybrid water cannon
US20210131756A1 (en) * 2019-10-31 2021-05-06 John Henry Shaughnessy Zero recoil gun
IL271579A (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-30 Next Sniper Ltd Hovering firearm system for drones and methods of use thereof

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