EP4229254B1 - Modularer schalungsdummy - Google Patents

Modularer schalungsdummy Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4229254B1
EP4229254B1 EP21790441.6A EP21790441A EP4229254B1 EP 4229254 B1 EP4229254 B1 EP 4229254B1 EP 21790441 A EP21790441 A EP 21790441A EP 4229254 B1 EP4229254 B1 EP 4229254B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
modular
extension
dummy
elements
corner elements
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21790441.6A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4229254A1 (de
EP4229254C0 (de
Inventor
Louis MENANTEAU
Jérémy BENETEAU
Pascal BARATHON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Apovic
Beneteau Developpement
Coffrages Gaillard
Original Assignee
Apovic
Beneteau Developpement
Coffrages Gaillard
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Publication date
Application filed by Apovic, Beneteau Developpement, Coffrages Gaillard filed Critical Apovic
Publication of EP4229254A1 publication Critical patent/EP4229254A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4229254B1 publication Critical patent/EP4229254B1/de
Publication of EP4229254C0 publication Critical patent/EP4229254C0/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G15/00—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels
    • E04G15/02—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels for windows, doors, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G15/00—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels
    • E04G15/06—Forms or shutterings for making openings, cavities, slits, or channels for cavities or channels in walls of floors, e.g. for making chimneys
    • E04G15/063—Re-usable forms
    • E04G15/065—Re-usable forms with mechanical means to modify the section

Definitions

  • the field of the invention is that of the design and manufacture of building construction tools.
  • the invention relates to a formwork dummy.
  • the invention applies in particular, but not exclusively, to the production of cast concrete works, whether shuttered works or cast works such as floors.
  • One such technique is to form concrete.
  • formwork elements are mounted facing each other so as to form a mold intended to be filled with liquid concrete which, after drying, forms a wall of the building.
  • These formwork elements generally include panels having a finishing face, facing the inside of the corridor, and stiffening elements secured to the panels and mounted outside the corridor.
  • Walls typically include openings into which fixed or movable joinery is inserted, such as doors, windows or fixed bay windows.
  • mannequins include a hollow frame that extends between the two formwork elements.
  • mannequins There are two types of mannequins, namely fixed mannequins and adjustable mannequins.
  • the fixed mannequins correspond to a predefined size of opening to be made in the wall.
  • adjustable mannequins were developed.
  • adjustable mannequins can be adapted to different sizes of reservations to be created.
  • a first type of mannequin as described in the patent document published under the number FR 3,032,000 , features telescopic elements.
  • this mannequin comprises a frame formed of crosspieces joined by uprights, the crosspieces and uprights being telescopic.
  • telescopic elements do not allow for a regular surface condition to be created.
  • the change in dimension that makes it possible to make the elements telescopic creates a discontinuity in the casting surface in the uprights and crosspieces.
  • This type of mannequin includes main elements that are distinct from each other, as well as independent, intercalated intermediate elements. between two main elements or between a main element and a floor for example.
  • the workers To obtain a mannequin of the desired dimensions, the workers must therefore cut the intermediate elements as needed, either in the workshop or directly on the construction site.
  • the invention aims in particular to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
  • the invention aims to propose a modular model for creating a reservation in a cast concrete wall, which does not require reworking after drying.
  • the invention also aims to provide such a modular mannequin for which the risks of loss of parts during its transport are eliminated or at least significantly reduced.
  • the invention further aims to provide such a modular mannequin which is simple to use.
  • the modular mannequin according to the invention thus makes it possible to obtain a reservation in a cast concrete wall, the reservation then being free of roughness requiring either a reworking to obtain a desired surface condition, or a filling phase with an expandable foam, for example when installing joinery, between said joinery and the walls of the reservation.
  • a single mannequin can be used to create reservations in a cast concrete wall of different dimensions, in a simple manner for workers.
  • the modular extension(s) of the modular mannequin allows the mannequin to be enlarged or reduced from a first size, without use of special tools or extensions independent of the rest of the mannequin.
  • the mobility of the shaft relative to the corner elements as well as the mobility of the shims relative to the shaft make it possible to modulate the dimensions of the formwork dummy by simply manipulating the shims and/or moving the corner elements apart or closer together along the shaft of the modular extension.
  • the shims of the modular extension are not intended to be used to enlarge the modular mannequin relative to a minimum size, they are positioned in their retracted position, that is to say that they come opposite the corner elements and that they are inserted inside the mannequin.
  • the shims when intended to be used, they are in the filling position and extend between the corner elements so that their formwork faces are coplanar with the finishing faces of the corner elements.
  • a worker separates two corner elements from each other and then pivots at least one of the wedges of the modular extension from its retracted position to its filling position and then brings the two corner elements together to obtain a complete finishing plane including both a finishing face of each of the corner elements and the formwork face of each of the wedges placed in the filling position.
  • each modular extension comprises a plurality of shims independent of each other, and rotatably mounted on the shaft.
  • the plurality of wedges makes it possible to obtain a mannequin with scalable dimensions depending on the number of wedges to be positioned in the filling position.
  • the dimensions of the formwork dummy can be increased or reduced as needed, which allows the same formwork dummy to be used for making reservations of different sizes in a cast concrete wall.
  • the mannequin comprises four corner elements and four joining elements, each joining element connecting two corner elements and comprising a modular extension.
  • Such a modular mannequin architecture makes it possible to create parallelepiped reservations in a cast concrete wall, the mannequin can then be modulated both in height and width.
  • the connecting elements comprise at least one fixed extension located between at least one of the corner elements and the modular extension, the shaft of the modular extension then being connected to one of the corner elements via the fixed extension.
  • the fixed extension allows, by being fixedly attached to one of the corner elements, to permanently enlarge the modular mannequin in at least one of its dimensions.
  • each modular extension comprises means for locking the modular extension in position on the corner elements, the means locking in position including a pad secured to an eccentric lever, the pad being housed in a groove carried by a corner element.
  • Such locking means make it possible to ensure that the modular extension is locked in position in a simple and effective manner.
  • the pad cooperates with the groove of the corner elements to allow locking between the eccentric lever and the pad of the groove.
  • each modular extension also includes a bar forming a stop against which the wedges rest in their filling position.
  • the stop formed by the bar allows the shims to be held in a filling position.
  • the bar also comprises means for locking the bar in position on the corner elements, the means for locking in position including a pad secured to an eccentric lever, the pad being housed in a groove carried by a corner element.
  • the bar thus forms a safety element when adjusting the modular extension and in particular when moving the wedges from their filling position to their retracted position, or vice versa.
  • the two corner elements can be slightly separated from each other.
  • the two corner elements can be brought closer together and then the locking means can be tightened to maintain the desired dimension of the formwork dummy.
  • Such a fixed extension can thus be easily coupled to both corner elements and modular extensions.
  • Handling the modular extension compared to the fixed extension is as easy as handling the modular extension compared to a corner element.
  • At least one of the modular extensions comprises a disassembly wedge connected to the shaft by connecting means, the disassembly wedge being extractable to create functional clearance between the modular extension and one of the corner elements.
  • the dismantling wedge allows to create the functional clearance between the modular extension and one of the corner elements, which allows to shift, after pouring and drying of the concrete, the wedges of the modular extension to shrink the dimensions of the modular mannequin and extract it from the reservation created in the poured concrete.
  • connection between the dismantling wedge and the modular extension ensures that when the dismantling wedge is removed, it cannot be lost by workers.
  • the dismantling wedge has a trapezoidal section in the finishing plane.
  • the trapezoidal section of the dismantling wedge allows, thanks to a movement parallel to the extension of the wedges of the modular extension, to remove the dismantling wedge and easily create the functional clearance allowing the shrinkage of the formwork dummy.
  • the connecting means comprise at least one oblong cutout made in the dismantling wedge, and at least one pin secured to the shaft, the pin being mounted in the oblong cutout to guide and limit the movement of the dismantling wedge.
  • Such connecting means make it possible both to keep the dismantling wedge captive in the modular extension, and to ensure maximum movement of the dismantling wedge relative to the modular extension, in order to avoid loss of the modular wedge once extracted and to allow the dummy to be extracted after pouring the concrete.
  • a modular mannequin 1 according to the invention is shown.
  • the modular mannequin 1 is intended to be inserted between two formwork elements 100 between which a concrete B is poured.
  • the modular mannequin 1 is kept in contact with the two formwork elements 100 in order to create a reservation free of concrete B when the concrete B is poured between the formwork elements 100.
  • FIG 2 more particularly illustrates a situation in which concrete B has been poured between the two formwork elements 100, and in which a modular mannequin 1 is inserted to create a reservation in the concrete B.
  • This reservation can be used in particular to accommodate the joinery of an opening or fixed element.
  • the modular mannequin 1 has a general parallelepiped shape.
  • the modular mannequin 1 could have a shape other than parallelepiped, for example a trapezoidal, pentagonal, octagonal, or even triangular shape.
  • the modular mannequin 1 may further have curved sections.
  • each corner element 2 has at least one finishing face 21.
  • each corner element 2 has two finishing faces 21 arranged perpendicular to each other, or almost so.
  • These two finishing faces 21 are intended to receive the concrete B when it is poured between the formwork elements 100.
  • the corner elements 2 are connected two by two by means of junction elements 3 which form in the embodiment illustrated by the figure 1 , T crosspieces or L side members.
  • the modular mannequin 1 comprises two junction elements 3 facing each other, which each define side members L, and two junction elements 3 facing each other and which each define a cross member T.
  • each junction element 3 incorporates a modular extension 4.
  • only some of the connecting elements 3 can integrate a modular extension 4.
  • the modular extensions 4 are present in pairs and each located on a junction element 3 opposite another junction element 3.
  • the modular extensions 4 are located either on the T crosspieces or, or also, on the L side members.
  • each side member L and each cross member T includes a modular extension 4.
  • each modular extension 4 comprises a shaft 41 and at least one wedge 42 movably mounted on the shaft.
  • the or each wedge 42 of the modular extensions 4 has a formwork face 421.
  • the shaft 41 is coupled at each of its ends to one of the corner elements 2 of the modular mannequin 1.
  • the two corner elements 2 coupled to the shaft 41 are then movable in translation towards each other along the shaft 41 and provide between them a space to be filled E.
  • each wedge 42 relative to the shaft 41 is achieved by a rotational movement.
  • each shim 42 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 41.
  • the shaft 41 is a shaft with a circular profile and each wedge 42 comprises a ring 422 crossed by the shaft 41.
  • Each wedge 42 can thus pivot around the shaft 41.
  • each modular extension 4 comprises a plurality of shims 42 independent of each other and rotatably mounted on the shaft 41.
  • each modular extension 4 also comprises a bar 43 forming a stop against which each wedge 42 rests in its filling position.
  • each wedge 42 has a projection 423 intended to come to bear on the bar 43 in its filling position.
  • each shaft 41 and each bar 43 carries the locking means 6.
  • corner elements 2 To enable the corner elements 2 to be locked relative to the modular extensions 4, the corner elements 2 also comprise a groove 22 intended to receive the pad 62 of the locking means 6.
  • the shoe 62 of the locking means 6 is inserted into the groove 22 and intended to cooperate with a rim 23 of the groove 22, the groove 22 having an access slot 24 in which the rod 63 of the locking means 6 circulates.
  • the rods 63 of the locking means 6 circulate in an access slot 24 of a groove 22.
  • the eccentric lever 61 of the means locking member 6 is then manipulated to bring the pad 62 into contact and into pressure against the edge 23 of the groove 22.
  • the edge 23 of the groove is thus sandwiched between the pad 62 and the shaft 41.
  • the modular mannequin 1 also includes a fixed extension 5.
  • This fixed extension 5 is in this case inserted between a modular extension 4 and a corner element 2.
  • the fixed extension 5 allows one of the dimensions of the modular mannequin 1 to be constantly increased. This can be used in particular to use a mannequin intended for small openings for the creation of larger reservations.
  • a small modular mannequin 1 can be used to make large reservations thanks to the fixed extensions 5.
  • each fixed extension 5 has a part of a modular extension 4 and a part of a corner element 2.
  • first end 51 of the fixed extension 5 is similar to one end of a corner element 2, and the second end 53 of the fixed extension 5 is similar to one end of a modular extension 4.
  • the fixed extension 5 can easily be inserted between a modular extension 4 and a corner element 2.
  • a modular extension 4 can be secured to a corner element 2 by means of a fixed extension 5.
  • At least one of the modular extensions 4 comprises a dismantling wedge 44.
  • the dismantling wedge 44 is connected to the shaft 41 by connecting means 7 (illustrated in the figure 7 ), the dismantling wedge 44 being extractable to create a functional clearance between the modular extension 4 and one of the corner elements 2.
  • the disassembly wedge 44 is extractable according to a translational movement transverse to the shaft 41.
  • the extraction of the disassembly wedge 44 is at least partial. At the very least, a slight displacement of the disassembly wedge 44 can make it possible to create the desired functional clearance.
  • the dismantling wedge 44 has a trapezoidal section in the finishing plane P. Consequently, the formwork wedge 44 has a trapezoidal formwork face.
  • the dismantling wedge 44 is easily extracted to allow the functional clearance to be created.
  • the connecting means 7 comprise at least one oblong cutout 71 made in the dismantling wedge 44, and at least one pin 72 secured to the shaft 41.
  • the connecting means 7 comprise two pins 72 secured to a base 411 of the shaft 4.
  • the oblong cutout 71 has a counterbore 711 allowing the dismantling wedge 44 to be retained by the pins 72.
  • the pins 72 housed in the oblong cutout 71, make it possible to guide and limit the translational movement of the dismantling wedge 44.
  • the modular mannequin 1 according to the invention can be adapted to the desired dimensions of a reservation to be created in a concrete formwork wall B.
  • a worker manipulates the eccentric levers 61 of the locking means 6 of two modular extensions 4 facing each other to disengage the pads 62 of the split rails 52 of a fixed extension 5 and/or a groove 22 of a corner element 2.
  • each modular extension 4 The two corner elements 2 on either side of each modular extension 4 are then movable in translation relative to each other and can be moved to form the space to be filled E.
  • the worker can then pivot the number of shims 42 of each modular extension 4 from its retracted position to its filling position or vice versa, in order to adapt the length of each modular extension 4 to a final dimension to be obtained from the modular mannequin 1.
  • the worker then brings the two corner elements 2 face to face with each other to ensure surface continuity in the finishing plane P, between the finishing face of each corner element 2 and the formwork face 421 of each wedge 42.
  • the modular mannequin 1 When the modular mannequin 1 has the desired dimensions, it is secured to one of the formwork elements 100, for example by means of magnetic devices.
  • the second formwork element 100 is applied against the modular mannequin 1 before the concrete B is poured between the formwork elements 100.
  • workers can manipulate the locking means 6 on only one side of the modular extensions 4 to allow mobility of only one of the corner elements 2.
  • the dismantling of the modular mannequin 1 is done by extracting the dismantling wedge 44 then manipulating the blocking means of the modular extensions 4 to allow a slight bringing together of two corner elements 2 located on either side of the modular extensions 4.
  • the dimensions of the mannequin are then slightly reduced, allowing the worker to slide the modular mannequin 1 inside the reservation to extract it.
  • Modular model 1 if necessary after modification of its dimensions as explained above, can then be used again to create a new reservation in a cast concrete wall B.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Modularer Schalungsdummy (1), umfassend:
    - Winkelelemente (2), die mindestens eine Endfertigungsfläche (21) aufweisen, die zur Außenseite des modularen Dummies (1) gekehrt ist;
    - mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente (3), die jeweils zwei Winkelelemente (2) verbinden,
    wobei die mindestens zwei Verbindungselemente (3), die einander gegenüber angeordnet sind, jeweils eine modulare Verlängerung (4) einbeziehen, wobei die modulare Verlängerung (4) umfasst:
    - eine Welle (41), die an jedem ihrer Enden an das eine der Winkelelemente (2) gekoppelt ist, wobei die beiden Winkelelemente (2) translationsbeweglich zueinander entlang der Welle (41) montiert sind, und zwischen sich einen zu füllenden Raum (E) vorsehen,
    - mindestens einen Keil (42), der eine Schalungsfläche (421) aufweist, und auf der Welle (41) beweglich montiert ist zwischen:
    - einer Füllposition, in der die Schalungsfläche (421) und die Endfertigungsfläche (21) des einen der Winkelelemente (2) in einer gleichen Endfertigungsebene (P) erstrecken, wobei der oder die Keile (42) imstande sind, den zu füllenden Raum (E) zu füllen;
    - eine eingezogene Position, in der die Schalungsfläche (421) aus dem zu füllenden Raum (E) zurückgezogen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der oder jeder Keil (42) drehend auf der Welle (41) montiert ist.
  2. Modularer Dummy (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede modulare Verlängerung (4) eine Vielzahl von Keilen (42) umfasst, die voneinander unabhängig, und drehend auf der Welle (41) montiert sind.
  3. Modularer Dummy (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er vier Winkelelemente (2) und vier Verbindungselemente (3) umfasst, wobei jedes Verbindungselement (3) zwei Winkelelemente (2) verbindet und eine modulare Verlängerung (4) umfasst.
  4. Modularer Dummy (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungselemente (3) mindestens eine feste Verlängerung (5) umfassen, die sich zwischen mindestens einem der Winkelelemente (2) und der modularen Verlängerung (4) befindet, wobei somit die Welle (41) der modularen Verlängerung (4) anhand der festen Verlängerung (5) mit einem der Winkelelemente (2) verbunden ist.
  5. Modularer Dummy (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede modulare Verlängerung (4) Positionssperrmittel (6) der modularen Verlängerung (4) auf den Winkelelementen (2) umfasst, wobei die Positionssperrmittel (6) einen Gleitschlitten (62) beinhaltet, der fest mit einem Exzenterhebel (61) verbunden ist, wobei sich der Gleitschlitten (62) in eine Nut (22) einlegt, die von einem Winkelelement (2) getragen wird.
  6. Modularer Dummy (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede modulare Verlängerung (4) auch einen Stab (43) umfasst, der einen Anschlag bildet, an dem die Keile (42) in ihrer Füllposition angelegt sind.
  7. Modularer Dummy (1) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Stab (43) auch Positionssperrmittel (6) des Stabs (43) auf den Winkelelementen (2) umfasst, wobei die Positionssperrmittel (6) einen Gleitschlitten (62) beinhalten, der fest mit einem Exzenterhebel (61) verbunden ist, wobei sich der Gleitschlitten (62) in eine Nut (22) einlegt, die von einem Winkelelement (2) getragen wird.
  8. Modularer Dummy (1) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede feste Verlängerung (5) aufweist:
    - an einem ersten Ende (51) mindestens eine gespaltene Schiene (52) die dazu bestimmt ist, den Gleitschlitten (62) der Positionssperrmittel (6) der modularen Verlängerung (4) aufzunehmen, und
    - an einem zweiten Ende (53) Positionssperrmittel (6) der festen Verlängerung (5) auf einem Winkelelement (2), wobei die Positionssperrmittel (6) einen Gleitschlitten (62) beinhalten, der fest mit einem Exzenterhebel (61) verbunden ist, wobei der Gleitschlitten (62) dazu bestimmt ist, sich in eine Nut (22) einzulegen, die von einem Winkelelement (2) getragen wird.
  9. Modularer Dummy (1) nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine der modularen Verlängerungen (4) einen Demontagekeil (44) umfasst, der durch Verbindungsmittel (7) mit der Welle (41) verbunden ist, wobei der Demontagekeil (44) ausziehbar ist, um ein funktionelles Spiel zwischen der modularen Verlängerung (4) und dem einen der Winkelelemente (2) zu schaffen.
  10. Modularer Dummy (1) nach dem vorstehenden Anspruch, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Demontagekeil (44) einen trapezförmigen Querschnitt in der Endverarbeitungsebene (P) aufweist.
  11. Modularer Dummy (1) nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verbindungsmittel (7) mindestens einen länglichen Ausschnitt (71), der in dem Demontagekeil (44) ausgeführt ist, und mindestens einen Stift (72) umfassen, der fest mit der Welle (41) verbunden ist, wobei der Stift (72) in dem länglichen Ausschnitt (71) montiert ist, um die Verschiebung des Demontagekeils (44) zu führen und zu begrenzen.
EP21790441.6A 2020-10-19 2021-10-11 Modularer schalungsdummy Active EP4229254B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2010680A FR3115307B1 (fr) 2020-10-19 2020-10-19 Mannequin modulaire de coffrage
PCT/EP2021/078068 WO2022084088A1 (fr) 2020-10-19 2021-10-11 Mannequin modulaire de coffrage

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4229254A1 EP4229254A1 (de) 2023-08-23
EP4229254B1 true EP4229254B1 (de) 2024-08-21
EP4229254C0 EP4229254C0 (de) 2024-08-21

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ID=74045768

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EP21790441.6A Active EP4229254B1 (de) 2020-10-19 2021-10-11 Modularer schalungsdummy

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EP (1) EP4229254B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3115307B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2022084088A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117107814A (zh) * 2023-07-26 2023-11-24 中国一冶集团有限公司 一种设备定型化装置及施工方法
CH721022A1 (de) * 2023-08-11 2025-02-28 Profilsager Ag Schalungssystem für eine Gebäudeöffnung

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3210039A (en) * 1960-08-25 1965-10-05 Long Construction Co Expandable core-former
JPS59891U (ja) * 1982-06-25 1984-01-06 不二サッシ株式会社 サツシ先付工法に於ける型枠
GB2162230B (en) * 1984-07-24 1988-06-22 Harry Spence Building aid
DE8816755U1 (de) 1988-02-06 1990-05-31 Baumann, Wolfgang, 7958 Laupheim Aussparschalung
FR3032000A1 (fr) 2015-01-23 2016-07-29 Romain Prat Mannequin universel

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WO2022084088A1 (fr) 2022-04-28
FR3115307B1 (fr) 2023-04-28
EP4229254A1 (de) 2023-08-23
EP4229254C0 (de) 2024-08-21
FR3115307A1 (fr) 2022-04-22

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