EP4218035A1 - Dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer et utilisation d'un dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer - Google Patents

Dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer et utilisation d'un dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer

Info

Publication number
EP4218035A1
EP4218035A1 EP21766121.4A EP21766121A EP4218035A1 EP 4218035 A1 EP4218035 A1 EP 4218035A1 EP 21766121 A EP21766121 A EP 21766121A EP 4218035 A1 EP4218035 A1 EP 4218035A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ring
rings
contact
layer
magnetic device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21766121.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Tabea Arndt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Original Assignee
Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT filed Critical Karlsruher Institut fuer Technologie KIT
Publication of EP4218035A1 publication Critical patent/EP4218035A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F6/00—Superconducting magnets; Superconducting coils
    • H01F6/06—Coils, e.g. winding, insulating, terminating or casing arrangements therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/16—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/02—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the magnetic material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic device based on the bitter principle and the use of such a magnetic device based on the bitter principle.
  • magnets are known from the prior art in order to be able to generate high continuous magnetic fields.
  • fields are limited to about 2 Tesla.
  • magnets made of copper or copper alloys with a Bitter design are used, so-called Bitter electromagnets or Bitter solenoids (Bitter magnets for short), which can generate strong magnetic continuous fields up to 40 Tesla and are mainly used in science.
  • (Bitter) magnets with superconductors are manufactured as sheet coils or stacked disc coils.
  • the result of this winding architecture is that a large number of layers made of different materials follow one another in the radial direction (e.g. inner winding body, potting compound, insulation, electro-thermal stabilization e.g. copper, mechanical stabilization (e.g. substrate), buffer layers, (high-temperature ) Superconductor layer or filaments, cap layer made of silver or gold, copper, insulation).
  • Each material has different thicknesses, mechanical strengths and coefficients of thermal expansion, which can lead to high (transverse) stresses and disintegration of the winding or to delamination and degradation of the superconductor.
  • This object is achieved by a magnet device based on the bitter principle.
  • a first embodiment of a magnet device based on the Bitter principle according to the invention has an arrangement which is formed from a plurality of conductor layers and a plurality of substrate layers.
  • each substrate layer carries a conductor layer and is formed with this as a ring.
  • the ring has a radial slot that extends through the entire ring. “Supports” means that the conductor layer is formed in two layers with the substrate layer and the more stable substrate layer forms a basis for the conductor layer.
  • Three or more rings form a spiral arrangement with one ring each at the beginning of the spiral arrangement (initial ring) and a ring at the end of the spiral arrangement (end ring) at least one or more rings between the starting ring and the end ring (middle rings), the starting ring and the end ring each having one of its ends adjacent to the slot with a middle ring at its slot-adjoining end through a contact section in current conductive being in contact, and each central ring being in current-conducting contact at both of its ends adjacent to the slot with two other rings through a contact portion.
  • the spiral arrangement is preferably a helix arrangement and has a circular-cylindrical basic shape; but there are also other basic forms, such.
  • the rings are arranged alternately in the arrangement, in that a ring with a conductor layer pointing upwards is followed by a ring with a conductor layer pointing downwards.
  • the spiral which is formed in the magnet device according to the invention by the arrangement of the individual current-carrying rings, allows continuous current transport.
  • the rings are homogeneous in the radial direction and inhomogeneous in the axial direction, which avoids mechanical transverse stresses.
  • center through-holes are aligned, in a magnet assembly mounting arrangement, they enclose a cylindrical space for experimental equipment or other devices to be exposed to the magnetic field formed in this cylindrical space.
  • the device according to the invention is referred to herein as a Bitter principle-based magnetic device, since it follows the Bitter principle, which is known from the prior art. It is a layer principle in which plates or plate-shaped rings are assembled into layered magnets with insulating materials in between.
  • the spiral arrangement according to the invention creates a magnet device with a significantly lower overall resistance and losses than in the case of the previously used Bitter magnets from the prior art.
  • the magnet device based on the Bitter principle thus allows a high winding current density and higher magnetic fields.
  • the power supply can be dimensioned with less power than in the prior art, and the magnetic device has low thermal dissipation due to the use of high-temperature superconductors.
  • the rings are oriented alternately in such a way that the conductor layers and the substrate layers come into contact with one another:
  • the initial ring begins with an orientation "conductor layer on top” and the following middle ring leads the arrangement with an orientation " Conductor layer below” continued, whereby a very compact design is made possible.
  • the space requirement is optimized and less or no insulating material is required overall.
  • the good heat dissipation leads to greater quenching safety with high winding current densities, ie greater than 200 A/mm 2 , especially when using high-temperature superconductors.
  • cooling can be carried out with various cryogens that are economical to use, such as e.g.
  • two contacting rings overlap at the contact section.
  • An overlap provides improved electrical contact between two facing conductor layers and allows for continuity of current transport in the magnetic device.
  • the magnetic device according to the invention is on the contact portion, respectively. on the surface between the overlapping rings, a contact material is applied over the entire surface.
  • the mutually facing conductor layers of the two contacting rings can be sintered together at the contact section. In this way, an integral connection can be established. Both the application of a contact material and the sintering serve to improve the electrical contact and thus a continuous current flow and to keep it low-loss.
  • the contact material is a material that is superconductive during operation of the magnet device based on the Bitter principle.
  • the material can be a thin layer, especially ders preferably an indium or niobium layer, for example an Agln solder. It can also be used simple solder or solder joints, such.
  • the thin layer acts like an interposed foil, which is pressed between two rings in the finished magnetic device and thus already produces a good frictional contact between the ends of two rings that are in contact and bordering on the slot.
  • the rings have further through-holes in their annular surface.
  • the rings are arranged one above the other in the spiral arrangement in such a way that these further through-holes form cooling channels because they are aligned with one another.
  • a further embodiment of the magnet device according to the invention provides that in the spiral arrangement between the rings starting ring, end ring and one or more middle rings, apart from the contact sections, distances are provided in which a filling material is arranged to stabilize the spiral arrangement.
  • the filling material is preferably an insulating or thermally conductive material.
  • Filler material is particularly preferably selected from a group of materials that includes wax, resin and epoxy resins.
  • the epoxy resins can, for. B. be filled with AI2O3.
  • conductor layers are preferably superconductor layers made of superconducting material.
  • the conductor layers are particularly preferably high-temperature superconductor layers which have 2G high-temperature superconductors.
  • RE-123 is preferably used, where RE stands for Rare Earth and denotes rare earths, with the exception of praseodymium.
  • This superconductor achieves high current densities, a high upper critical magnetic field and a wide operating temperature range with simultaneous anisotropic behavior and crystal structure.
  • the superconducting materials are embedded in a specific layer structure and form a coated conductor (so-called "coated conductor").
  • This structure begins with a metal substrate in the form of a carrier tape on which a ceramic buffer layer is applied and on which the actual superconductor is deposited.
  • a protective layer protects the superconductor from damage and simplifies electrical contacting.
  • high-temperature superconductors means that there are no ohmic losses in relation to the main path of the current.
  • any normally conductive electrical contacts that may be used to feed current to the start and end ring, which are necessary for the magnetic device to be connected to a power source.
  • normally conductive transition contacts for example made of an Agln solder, can be provided between the rings.
  • a crystallographic c-axis of the high-temperature superconductor layer is aligned parallel to a longitudinal axis of the spiral arrangement.
  • the result of the alignment of the high-temperature superconductor layer is that material and thermal expansion coefficients are homogeneous and constant in the radial direction for a constant axial position, so that transverse stresses and shear stresses are prevented and degradation problems are avoided.
  • the cooling channels extend through the filling material.
  • the magnetic device is cooled with a cryogen, such as liquid nitrogen (LN2), liquid neon (LNe), liquid hydrogen (LH2) to allow the conductor layer to be brought into the superconducting state when made of a superconducting material. or liquid helium (LHe).
  • a cryogen such as liquid nitrogen (LN2), liquid neon (LNe), liquid hydrogen (LH2) to allow the conductor layer to be brought into the superconducting state when made of a superconducting material. or liquid helium (LHe).
  • This cryogen can flow through the cooling channels and thus not only cool the magnet device from the outside, but can also easily reach inner areas, depending on the dimensions of the magnet device.
  • the substrate layers consist of stainless steel, nickel, a nickel alloy or highly corrosion-resistant nickel-molybdenum alloys (Hastelloy®).
  • the insulation materials are preferably made of Kapton, PEEK and polyimide.
  • the magnet device according to the invention provides that the starting ring and the end ring are connected to an electrical contact device at their ends that are not in current-conducting contact with a central ring. Additionally or alternatively, the electrical contact device can have a persistent mode bridge. The persistent mode bridge allows the magnet to be disconnected from the power source when energized.
  • the magnet device according to the invention can advantageously be scaled to the respectively desired operating current and magnetic field generation by selecting a corresponding number of rings and different dimensions of the rings.
  • the rings can be made in different sizes to suit different applications to generate the desired magnetic field flux density. Dimensions are thus possible in which the smallest dimension of the inner through-opening is smaller than the radial dimension of the rings or the dimension of the inner through-opening is three times the radial dimension of the rings.
  • the invention provides that the magnet device according to the invention can be used in a rotor or stator in a rotor-stator arrangement of an electrical machine.
  • FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the spiral assembly of the magnet device with filler material.
  • FIG. 1 and 5 show a magnet device 1 according to the invention, which is based on the Bitter principle and is made up of a plurality of rings 4 .
  • Each ring 4 as also shown in FIG. 2, is composed of two layers: a conductor layer 2 and a substrate layer 3.
  • Each ring 4 has a circular geometry with a central through hole 44, each ring 4 having a radial slot 5 extending extends through the entire ring 4, namely starting from the outer annulus, which describes the circumference, to the inner annulus, which delimits the through hole 44 in the center of the ring 4.
  • the ends 51 , 52 of the ring 4 adjoin the slot 5 . These ends 51, 52 serve as contact points between conductor layers 2 of two rings 4 arranged one above the other.
  • each ring 4 is arranged on its neighboring ring 4 in such a way that a ring 4 with a conductor layer 2 pointing upwards adjoins a ring 4 with a conductor layer 2 pointing downwards.
  • the structure provides that the conductor layer 2 of the starting ring 41 points downwards in the figure and the middle ring 43 following it is offset rotationally symmetrically and arranged with its downward-pointing conductor layer 2 on the starting ring 41 .
  • the initial ring 41 and the following middle ring 43 have an overlap, which forms a contact section A and whose dimensions correspond to the offset.
  • Figure 4 shows a contact material 6 in the gap provided between the contacting ring surfaces.
  • the two conductor layers 2 of the two adjacent rings 41, 43 are in electrical contact, so that a continuous current flows through the magnetic device 1 can flow when the magnet device 1 is energized.
  • the contact material 6 can be a thin metallic layer.
  • the conductor layers 2 of the two adjacent rings 41, 43 can be sintered together in the contact section A in order to produce good electrical contact.
  • An insulating layer 10 is introduced between the substrate layers 3 of the starting ring 41 and the middle ring 43 (see FIGS. 1 and 3). It serves to electrically isolate the two rings 41, 43 from one another and to avoid current redistribution currents.
  • one end 52 of the initial ring 41 rests on the other end 51 of the middle ring 43 .
  • This is repeated at the next central ring 43, one end of which now rests on one end of the ring 43 and thus overlaps in the contact section A there. Due to the rotationally symmetrical displacement of the individual rings 41, 42, 43, a spiral arrangement is formed.
  • the rings 41, 42, 43 are arranged relative to one another in such a way that the odd-numbered rings 41, 42, 43 with the conductor layer 2 point upwards and the even-numbered rings 42, 43 with the substrate layer 3 point upwards.
  • the magnetic device 1 is closed off with an end ring 42 which is arranged in such a way that its substrate layer 3 faces upwards in FIG. 4 shows how the individual layers of the individual rings 41, 42, 43 are superimposed.
  • the overlap in the contact section A, in which the intermediate contact material 6 is present, is again clearly shown here in order to improve the electrical contact between the conductor layers 2 that are in contact with one another.
  • a filling material 7, such as an epoxy resin, is provided, which gives the magnetic device 1 stability.
  • the layering of the rings 41, 42, 43 of the magnetic device 1 together with the filling material 7 is shown in FIG.
  • electrical connections 11 are arranged at one end 51 of the starter ring 41 and the end 52 of the end ring 42, as shown in FIG. In this way, the spiral arrangement of the magnet device 1 can be connected to a power supply source or a persistent mode bridge and permanent current operation can be established.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Containers, Films, And Cooling For Superconductive Devices (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif magnétique (1) à base de principe amer, qui est composé d'un ensemble constitué d'une pluralité de couches conductrices (2) et d'une pluralité de couches de support (3). Une couche de support (3) porte une couche conductrice (2) et forme avec cette dernière un anneau (4) qui présente une fente radiale (5) s'étendant à travers l'intégralité de l'anneau (4). Trois anneaux (4) ou davantage forment un agencement en spirale comportant respectivement un anneau de départ (41) et un anneau final (42) et un ou plusieurs anneaux intermédiaires (43). L'anneau de départ (41) et l'anneau final (42) sont en contact électroconducteur, respectivement par une de leurs extrémités (51, 52) adjacente à la fente (5) avec un anneau intermédiaire (43) au niveau de son extrémité (51, 52) adjacente à la fente (5), par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de contact, et les deux extrémités (51, 52) adjacentes à la fente (5) de chaque anneau intermédiaire (43) sont en contact électroconducteur avec deux autres anneaux (4, 41, 42, 43) par l'intermédiaire d'une partie de contact. En outre, les anneaux (4, 41, 42, 43) sont disposés en alternance dans l'agencement de sorte qu'un anneau (4, 41, 42, 43) présentant une couche conductrice orientée vers le bas (2) suit un anneau (4, 41, 42, 43) présentant une couche conductrice orientée vers le haut (2).
EP21766121.4A 2020-09-24 2021-08-18 Dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer et utilisation d'un dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer Pending EP4218035A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020124852.0A DE102020124852A1 (de) 2020-09-24 2020-09-24 Bitterprinzipbasierte Magnetvorrichtung und Verwendung einer bitterprinzipbasierten Magnetvorrichtung
PCT/EP2021/025312 WO2022063425A1 (fr) 2020-09-24 2021-08-18 Dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer et utilisation d'un dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4218035A1 true EP4218035A1 (fr) 2023-08-02

Family

ID=77655521

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21766121.4A Pending EP4218035A1 (fr) 2020-09-24 2021-08-18 Dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer et utilisation d'un dispositif magnétique à base de principe amer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230377785A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4218035A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020124852A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022063425A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8724126D0 (en) 1987-10-14 1987-11-18 Evetts J E Superconducting structures
JP3468978B2 (ja) * 1996-04-10 2003-11-25 新日本製鐵株式会社 溶融金属の連続鋳造方法
US6925316B2 (en) 2002-04-08 2005-08-02 Christopher M. Rey Method of forming superconducting magnets using stacked LTS/HTS coated conductor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020124852A1 (de) 2022-03-24
US20230377785A1 (en) 2023-11-23
WO2022063425A1 (fr) 2022-03-31

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