EP4215865A1 - Magazine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a magazine, in particular a propellant charge magazine, with a primary magazine (31) and a secondary magazine (32), which are each designed as a propellant charge carousel to accommodate a plurality of propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41), and a portioning device (20) for separating the propellant charge rods (41) and/or for assembling the propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41), a transfer assembly (10) for selectively transferring propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41) from the primary (31) or/or the secondary magazine (32).

Description

The invention relates to a magazine, in particular a propellant charge magazine, with a primary magazine and a secondary magazine, each designed as a propellant charge carousel to accommodate a plurality of propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, and a portioning device for separating the propellant charge rods and/or for assembling the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. Furthermore, the invention relates to a vehicle and a method for handling propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods.

In particular, when firing large-caliber weapons, such as those used in battle tanks or artillery, split ammunition is usually used, which consists of the actual projectile and a propellant charge to propel the projectile. As a rule, the projectiles and the propellant charges are stored separately in different magazines and then brought together in the gun barrel just before the shot is fired.

The propellant charges can be designed as individual propellant charge modules or as propellant charge rods assembled from several propellant charge modules, which usually have a cylindrical shape. In order to assemble the propellant charge modules into propellant charge rods, these often have correspondingly designed plug-in contours, via which several propellant charge modules arranged one behind the other can be connected to form a propellant charge rod by a joining force acting in the axial direction.

From the EP 1 721 114 B1 a magazine for propellant charges is known, which has a primary magazine and a secondary magazine, wherein a different number of propellant charge modules can be accommodated in the two magazines. The secondary magazine is designed as a propellant charge carousel and consists of a revolving propellant charge chain that has several propellant charge receptacles, so that propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be conveyed in a circle via the secondary magazine. However, the primary magazine of this propellant charge magazine is designed to be fixed.

The design of both the primary magazine and the secondary magazine as a propellant charge carousel allows the propellant charges to be moved quickly in the propellant charge magazine, which overall accelerates both the storage of the propellant charges and the portioning and delivery to the weapon.

In addition, the EP 1 721 114 B1 Propellant charge magazine described on a portioning device, which serves to assemble individual propellant charge modules to form a propellant charge rod before this propellant charge rod is then introduced into a weapon barrel. This goes hand in hand with the fact that different amounts of propellant charge are required for different projectiles and for different target distances. In this respect, the number of propellant charge modules to be used can be selected before firing and these are then combined in the portioning device to form a propellant charge rod and then inserted into the weapon barrel. However, a separation of propellant charge rods into shorter propellant charge rods or into individual propellant charge modules is not possible with the portioning device, so that the variability of this device is limited and the propellant charge magazine can only be loaded with individual propellant charge modules.

A disadvantage is that the propellant charges can only be transferred from the secondary magazine to the portioning unit and must therefore first be transferred from the primary magazine to the secondary magazine. In this respect, the propellant charge flow in this propellant charge magazine is comparatively slow and error-prone due to the numerous transfers of the propellant charges.

Proceeding from this, the object of the invention is to specify a magazine which is distinguished by an improved propellant charge flow.

In a magazine of the type mentioned at the outset, this object is achieved in that a transfer assembly is provided for selectively transferring propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the primary and/or the secondary magazine.

The transfer assembly makes it possible to remove the propellant charges directly from both the primary magazine and the secondary magazine without detours and then to process them further, in particular to transfer and portion them to the portioning device. The distances to be covered by the propellant charges are thus reduced, which not only has a positive effect in terms of time, but also reduces the potential for errors.

It has proven to be advantageous if propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the primary and/or the secondary magazine to a further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, with the transfer assembly. It is advantageously a common further processing unit with which propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the primary magazine, from the secondary magazine and/or in combination from both magazines can be further processed. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from one of the sub-magazines, but alternatively also from several sub-magazines, into the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, and then processed further together in the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device.

The further processing unit can be located downstream of the partial magazines in the propellant charge flow and the propellant charge modules and/or the propellant charge rods can be transported in the direction of the weapon via this. The further processing unit can have a propellant charge receptacle into which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the partial magazines via the transfer assembly. Furthermore, the further processing unit can have a propellant charge rammer, by means of which the propellant charges can be applied in the weapon.

It is particularly advantageous if the further processing unit is designed as a portioning device with which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be portioned. Alternatively, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can also have already been portioned in the corresponding sub-magazine or in an interposed portioning device or have already been pre-portioned and stored in the corresponding sub-magazine. In this respect, it is also possible for propellant charges that have already been portioned out to be transferred to the further processing unit via the transfer assembly. Alternatively, the further processing unit can also be designed as an attachment device or, more generally, as a conveyance or transport device, with which propellant charges can be conveyed to or in the direction of the weapon.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, has a propellant charge holder, in particular a portioning unit, which can be moved back and forth linearly to receive propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the primary magazine and/or from the secondary magazine into various transfer positions.

Due to the linear mobility of the propellant charge holder of the further processing unit or the portioning device in different transfer positions, it is not necessary to bring the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods to be portioned into a predetermined position before transfer to the further processing unit or the portioning device. Rather, the propellant charge receptacle of the further processing unit or the portioning unit can be moved into the corresponding transfer position due to their mobility and then propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in this position from the partial magazines. Especially when propellant charges are to be removed from different sub-magazines with the propellant charge holder or portioning device, the propellant charges can be transferred without detours from different magazines into the propellant charge holder or the portioning unit due to the mobility in different transfer positions. After the propellant charge modules and/or the propellant charge modules have been transferred, they can then be portioned, for example, or fed directly to the weapon. Direct delivery to the weapon is particularly advantageous when the propellant charges no longer have to be portioned in the further processing unit or portioning device, but have already been transferred to it in preportioned form.

With regard to the transfer assembly, it has proven to be advantageous if it has at least two transfer devices, with one of the transfer devices being able to transfer propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the primary magazine to the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, and the other transfer device being able to transfer propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the secondary magazine to the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device.

The transfer assembly makes it possible to transfer the propellant charges both from the primary magazine and from the secondary magazine directly to the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, without detours. The distances to be covered by the propellant charges are thus reduced, which not only has a positive effect in terms of time, but also reduces the potential for errors.

The two transfer devices allow propellant charges to be transferred from the two magazines to the portioning device independently of one another, which ensures a variable and rapid propellant charge flow. The transfer devices can be driven and controlled separately from one another, so that either propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the respective magazines into the portioning device. Furthermore, it is also possible for propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods to be transferred from the portioning device into the primary magazine or into the secondary magazine by means of the transfer devices. In this respect, the transfer devices can be used to move propellant charges in both directions.

According to an advantageous development of the invention, it is proposed that one transfer device be assigned to the primary magazine and another transfer device to the secondary magazine. In this respect, the corresponding transfer devices can be structurally coupled to the corresponding magazines. In addition to the primary magazine and the secondary magazine, further secondary magazines can also be provided. In this configuration, the transfer assembly can also have a number of transfer devices, so that each of the number of sub-magazines, ie the primary magazine and the one or more secondary magazines, can be assigned a respective transfer device. The propellant charges located in the various magazines can be transferred to the portioning device independently of one another by means of the transfer assembly or the individual transfer devices.

Advantageously, the transfer device has a lifting unit, which is mounted such that it can rotate about a lifting axis, for transferring the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from a lower-lying propellant charge receptacle of the magazine to a higher propellant charge receptacle of the portioning device.

Due to the lifting unit, it is not necessary for the propellant charges arranged in the magazine or in the propellant charge receptacles of the magazine to first have to be brought into a position aligned with the portioning device. Rather, the propellant charges can be lifted directly from the propellant charge receptacles of the magazine and fed to the portioning device by the lifting unit in just one step.

With regard to the lifting unit, it has proven to be advantageous if it can be rotated about the lifting axis between a parking position and a transfer position. In the parking position, the lifting unit can be in a rest position and close the magazine at the top. In the transfer position, the lifting unit can be pivoted about the lifting axis and a propellant charge module and/or propellant charge rod can be transferred to the portioning device. In this respect, the parking position corresponds to a position pivoted downwards and the transfer position to a position pivoted upwards.

With regard to the lifting axis, it has proven to be advantageous if this extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. With this configuration, with a corresponding movement of the lifting unit, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are lifted in the radial direction out of the propellant charge receptacle of the magazine and conveyed upwards to the portioning device.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the lifting axis extends through one end of the lifting unit. The lifting unit can be moved back and forth in the manner of an arm about the lifting axis, resulting in a large radius of movement of the lifting unit and thus leads to a large stroke of the propellant charge modules and / or propellant charge rods.

According to an advantageous development, it is proposed that the lifting unit in the transfer position can transfer a propellant charge module and/or a propellant charge rod to the higher propellant charge holder. The propellant charge module or the propellant charge rod can be moved or rotated about the lifting axis during the lifting movement and thus be hoisted upwards. The lifting unit can transfer the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in the manner of a shovel movement from the propellant charge receptacle of the magazine into the portioning device or into the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning device.

According to a design development, it is proposed that the transfer device has a base element on which the lifting unit is rotatably mounted. The basic element can be used to attach the lifting unit to the magazine or to the vehicle. It is advantageous if the lifting element is mounted on two basic elements, which can be located in particular in the front and rear area of the lifting unit. Forces acting on the lifting unit can thus be dissipated via both basic elements. The lifting axis can extend through the two basic elements.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the transfer device has a pivot bolt which is pivotably mounted in the base element, with the lifting unit being rotatably coupled to the pivot bolt. In this respect, the lifting unit can be coupled to the basic element(s) via the pivot bolt and arranged to be movable in relation to them. The corresponding lifting axis can correspond to the longitudinal axis of the pivot bolt. Alternatively, it is also possible that the lifting unit is rotatably connected to the pivot pin and the pivot pin is rotatably connected to the or the basic elements. Both configurations lead to a reliable rotary movement of the lifting unit about the lifting axis.

In order to ensure reliable attachment of the lifting unit to the magazine or vehicle, it has also proven to be advantageous if the pivot pin, particularly in the area between the two basic elements, is mounted on the magazine or vehicle via an additional holding device. In this respect, acting forces can be absorbed not only via the basic elements, but also via the holding device. It is possible for the holding device to be designed as a side or roof mount that can be connected to a side wall or to the roof of the vehicle.

Furthermore, with regard to the lifting unit, it has proven to be advantageous if this is adapted to the length of the propellant charge module(s) and/or propellant charge rods to be transferred. Advantageously, the lifting unit can be approximately as long as the maximum length of the propellant charge rod to be transferred or the maximum number of propellant charge modules lined up next to one another. This configuration ensures reliable transfer of the propellant charges to the portioning unit. In this respect, the length of the lifting unit can match the length of the propellant charge holder of the corresponding magazine. The lifting unit assigned to the primary magazine can therefore be approximately as long as the propellant charge receptacles of the primary magazine, and the lifting unit assigned to the secondary magazine can accordingly be approximately as long as the propellant charge receptacle of the secondary magazine. If further secondary magazines are also provided, the lifting unit of the associated transfer devices can be designed accordingly.

In terms of construction, it is also proposed that the lifting unit be designed as a lifting paddle. This configuration enables a reliable transfer of propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the magazine to the propellant charge device and prevents the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from being damaged during the transfer.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the transfer device has a connecting link in which the lifting unit is guided. A reliable movement of the lifting unit around the lifting axis can be ensured via the connecting link. In this respect, it is not possible for the lifting unit to jam during the transfer of the propellant charges. The connecting link can be designed in the form of a segment of a circle and in this respect enable a rotary movement of the lifting unit. Advantageously, the link is closed at both ends, so that the lifting unit rests against one end of the link in the parking position and against the other end of the link in the transfer position. The backdrop can thus also act as an end stop for the parking position and the transfer position.

With regard to the link, it has proven to be advantageous if this is part of the basic element. With this configuration, the lifting unit can be guided in a connecting link both at the front and at the rear end, which has proven to be advantageous with regard to the reliability of the pivoting movement and also the power transmission. Both basic elements of the transfer device thus advantageously have a corresponding connecting link. The connecting link can be designed in the manner of a curved elongated hole and introduced into the base element, for example milled into it.

In order to ensure a good hold of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in the lifting unit, it has proven to be advantageous if this has a lifting contour for lifting the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the lower-lying propellant charge receptacle. The lifting contour can be curved in a concave manner and in this respect can be adapted to the geometry of the propellant charges. This configuration prevents the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from slipping out of the lifting unit during transfer.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the transfer device has a swivel drive for moving the lifting unit between the parking position and the transfer position. The pivoting drive can be connected to the lifting unit via a linkage, in particular a linear linkage, so that retracting or extending the linkage causes a corresponding pivoting movement of the lifting unit about the lifting axis. The swivel drive can be designed as an electric drive that can be supplied with energy via the vehicle electrical system. Alternatively, however, it can also be a pneumatic or hydraulic drive. The linkage can be moved in and out in a linear direction via the swivel drive, and the lifting unit can then be swiveled about the lifting axis by means of a corresponding linear movement.

According to a development of the invention, it is proposed that the lifting unit be designed in two parts and have a first lifting section and a second lifting section, which are pivotably connected to one another. The corresponding pivoting axis can extend parallel to the lifting axis, so that the pivoting radius and thus the space requirement can be reduced by this additional pivoting movement. The first lifting section can be pivoted about the lifting axis on one side and pivotably connected to the second lifting section on the other side, so that the first lifting section can be arranged above the second lifting section. The two lifting sections can then rotate together about the lifting axis and the second lifting section can also be pivoted about the pivot axis relative to the first lifting section.

The second lifting section can have a sliding block or can be pivotally connected to such a sliding block and the sliding block can be guided in the connecting link. The connecting link can have at least one control cam on which the slot nut can run up when the lifting unit is rotated about the lifting axis and as a result of which the second lifting section is pivoted in relation to the first lifting section. The second lifting section is positively coupled to the first lifting section by the sliding block guided in the connecting link, so that when the first lifting section rotates about the lifting axis, it is basically automatically pivoted about the pivot axis and precedes the first lifting section. As a result of this advance, the second lifting section can reach under the propellant charge module and/or the propellant charge rod and then lift them out of the propellant charge receptacle of the magazine.

The position of the control cam can be adjustable, so that the movement of the second lifting unit can also be adjusted in this respect. Advantageously, two control cams are provided, with one control cam ensuring that the second lifting unit advances when moving in one direction of the first lifting unit and the second control cam ensures that the second lifting unit is pivoted back to the starting position about the pivot axis when moving backwards.

It is also proposed that the magazine has a transfer assembly with at least two transfer devices, the transfer devices being designed in the manner described above. The advantages already described with regard to the transfer devices result.

The multiple transfer devices can be actuated independently of one another and thus also convey different propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods into the portioning device independently of one another. For this purpose, the transfer devices can be controlled individually and each have their own pivoting drive for moving the respective lifting units.

The transfer devices can be arranged one behind the other in the axial direction, so that the lifting units are aligned and can be rotated about a common lifting axis. It has also proven to be advantageous if two transfer devices that are adjacent to one another have a common basic element. The base element can be arranged between the two transfer devices and the lifting units of the two transfer devices can accordingly be guided together in the connecting link of the base element, but can be moved independently of one another. This common basic element allows the required space to be reduced. The pivot bolts of the transfer devices can be arranged in alignment, so that the two lifting units are rotatably mounted about a common lifting axis.

With regard to the configuration of the magazines, it has proven to be advantageous if the primary magazine and the secondary magazine each have revolving magazine chains on which a plurality of propellant charge receptacles arranged one behind the other in the direction of the chain are arranged. With this configuration, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods located in the propellant charge holders can be conveyed in a chain direction in a circle. The direction of the chain can extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. The propellant holders can be connected at the front and at the rear end with circulating chains, see above that the propellant holders maintain their horizontal alignment at all times. The propellant charges can be promoted in the magazines in the manner of a paternoster in a circle. The propellant charge receptacles can be designed as rods or have rods between which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are held or arranged. The rods can then each be connected at their ends to a magazine chain. Each magazine can have two magazine chains that can be driven in the same direction. In an alternative embodiment, however, the propellant charge holders can also be designed in the form of shells and the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be arranged and/or held in the corresponding shells. With the bowl-shaped configuration of the propellant charge rods, they can also be suspended in a pendulum fashion between the two magazine chains.

With regard to the magazine chains, it has proven to be advantageous if the magazine chains of the primary magazine and the secondary magazine can each be driven independently of one another via a chain drive. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, which are arranged in the respective magazine, can thus be moved and conveyed in a circle independently of the other magazine via the respective chain drives. The conveying direction can be aligned perpendicularly to the respective longitudinal axes of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods.

The magazine chains can be deflected at two points, in particular at an upper deflection in the upper area of the corresponding magazine and at a lower deflection in the lower area of the corresponding magazine. Wheels can be provided for deflection, around which the magazine chains are guided in the manner of a chain or belt drive. The axes of rotation of the wheels can extend in the horizontal direction and the axes of rotation of the wheels of the upper and lower deflection can be aligned parallel to one another. The chain drive can act on one of the two wheels, which then causes the magazine chain itself to drive the other wheel. The wheels of the upper and lower deflection can
be connected to each other via a shaft, so that it is sufficient to drive both magazine chains of a magazine and thus also to drive all four wheels of a magazine if only one of the wheels is driven via the drive.

The propellant charge receptacles can be conveyed vertically upwards in one area of the magazine and downwards in a vertical direction in another area. The deflections can be arranged between these two vertical conveying areas, via which the propellant charge receptacles can be deflected from one vertical conveying area to the other vertical conveying area. The circular conveyance described above does not necessarily mean that the propellant charge receptacles revolve on a circular path, but rather that they are in the same position again after one revolution.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be lifted out of the propellant charge receptacles in the vertical direction. With this configuration, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be lifted out of the respective magazines and fed to the higher portioning device. The transfer device described above can be used for this movement. Advantageously, the propellant charges can be lifted out of the propellant charge holders in the area of the upper deflection, since the distance to the portioning device is then already comparatively small and only a short distance has to be bridged by the transfer assembly or the transfer devices in order to feed the propellant charges to the portioning device.

In the area of the upper deflection, the rods of the propellant charge receptacles can be arranged in such a way that they enable or do not prevent a vertical lifting movement of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. For example, the rods in this area cannot be arranged above the propellant charges to be transferred into the portioning device, which, however, can basically be the case completely automatically due to the guidance in the magazine chains. In the vertical conveyor area of the magazine, it may not be possible to lift the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods out of the propellant charge receptacles.

With regard to the arrangement of the magazines, it has proven to be advantageous if the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction. This configuration makes it possible to achieve a compact design that requires little space in the vehicle. The magazines can be arranged one behind the other in the axial direction of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods or the propellant charge receptacles. The propellant charge holders of the magazines can be aligned and extend in a horizontal direction. The magazines can be arranged one behind the other in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle and in particular can be arranged on a side wall of the vehicle or the tower. In this respect, the portioning unit can be movable in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

To this end, it has also proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge holders of the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are arranged parallel to the propellant charge holder of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device. Due to the parallel arrangement, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transported over a very short distance from the propellant charge receptacles of the sub-magazines in be transferred to the propellant holder of the portioning unit. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved in the radial direction.

Furthermore, it is also possible for not only a single secondary magazine to be provided, but also for a plurality of secondary magazines to be provided, which can be arranged one behind the other in the axial direction. With this configuration, the space available in the vehicle can be used in the best possible way and as many propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods as possible can be accommodated in this space. It is not absolutely necessary for all magazines to have the same height, but for the best possible use of space, the magazines can also have a different size or a different number and/or a different number of propellant charge receptacles. The further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, can extend essentially parallel to the partial magazines and the portioning unit can be moved back and forth in a linear direction next to the primary magazine and the secondary magazine or magazines.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are designed as identical assemblies. This offers manufacturing advantages. The various sub-magazines, ie the primary magazine and the secondary magazine or magazines, can be configured essentially identically. The various sub-magazines can have the same priority and propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be removed from all sub-magazines in the same way.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are arranged next to one another in the axial direction. Depending on the layout of the vehicle or the turret of the vehicle an arrangement of the magazines next to each other can also be advantageous. The magazines can then be arranged, for example, on a rear wall and face the weapon.

According to an alternative embodiment, it is provided that the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are arranged one above the other. Depending on the room layout of the vehicle or the tower, this configuration can also be advantageous.

With regard to the propellant charge receptacles, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge receptacles of the primary magazine are longer than the propellant charge receptacles of the secondary magazine. As a result of this configuration, more propellant charge modules or longer propellant charge rods can be accommodated in a propellant charge receptacle of the primary magazine than in a propellant charge receptacle of the secondary magazine.

Provision can be made for the propellant charge receptacles of the secondary magazine to be dimensioned in such a way that propellant charge rods of minimal length can be arranged in them, that is to say such propellant charge rods as are minimally required for firing a projectile. If longer propellant charge rods are required, the propellant charge rods located in the secondary magazine can be provided with additional propellant charge modules in the portioning device and thus lengthened, or longer propellant charge rods arranged in the primary magazine can be used.

In practice, it has proven useful if six propellant charge modules of the type DM72/92 or a corresponding propellant charge rod made up of six such modules or four DM82 propellant charge modules or a corresponding propellant charge rod of such modules can be arranged in a propellant charge rod of the primary magazine. Furthermore, the primary magazine or the propellant charge receptacles should also be designed in such a way that TopCharge propellant charge rods can be accommodated in these. These TopCharge propellant rods are one-piece propellant rods that can be used to engage targets at greater distances than propellant rods of the same length assembled from several propellant charge modules. As a rule, it is not possible to separate these TopCharge propellant rods due to their one-piece construction.

In contrast, four DM72/92 type propellant charge modules or two DM82 type propellant charge modules or corresponding propellant charge rods can be accommodated in the secondary magazine or in the respective propellant charge receptacles.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are stored in a horizontal arrangement. In this respect, the longitudinal axes of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can extend in the horizontal direction. This configuration has proven to be advantageous with regard to the handling of the propellant charges, in particular since the weapon barrel is usually not pivoted very far in elevation during loading. In this respect, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods only have to be adjusted to a small extent to the elevation position of the weapon barrel before they are inserted. The propellant charge receptacles can accordingly be arranged in such a way that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are stored in a horizontal arrangement in the magazines, ie in the primary magazine or in the secondary magazine(s). The propellant charge holders of the magazines can accordingly extend in the horizontal direction.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are housed in a common magazine housing. In this respect, the division of the propellant charge magazine into a plurality of sub-magazines, namely the primary magazine and one or more secondary magazines, cannot be seen from the outside. The magazine housing can also ensure that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods lie securely in the propellant charge receptacles and do not slip out of them, in particular laterally. Furthermore, it is possible that the magazine housing is at least partially formed by the vehicle or that at least one wall of the magazine housing is formed by an outer wall of the vehicle. This configuration makes it possible to prevent unused intermediate spaces between the magazine housing and the vehicle or the vehicle walls and to make the best possible use of the available installation space.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the magazine has a base on which the components of the magazine, ie in particular the primary magazine and the secondary magazine or magazines, are accommodated. In this respect, the components can be preassembled on the base pedestal and then installed in the vehicle as a coherent component. Alternatively, however, it is also possible for the base pedestal to be part of the vehicle and for the sub-magazines, ie the primary magazine and the secondary magazine or magazines, to stand accordingly on the floor of the vehicle.

In order to equip the propellant charge magazine with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, it has proven to be advantageous if this has a loading unit for loading the primary and/or the secondary magazine. The propellant charge rods can load the propellant charge magazine or the primary magazine and/or the one or more secondary magazines both manually and automatically via the loading unit become. It is possible to load the propellant charge magazine both with individual propellant charge modules and with prefabricated propellant charge rods. Loading with one-piece TopCharge propellant bars is also possible.

With regard to the configuration of the loading unit, it has proven to be advantageous if it has a loading shell which can be moved back and forth between a loading position, in which propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be placed on the loading shell, and an unloading position, in which the placed propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the charging shell to the primary or secondary magazine. In this respect, the charging shell can be moved out of the propellant charge magazine or out of the magazine housing in order to load it outside. The charging shell can be moved back and forth between the loading position and the unloading position in the axial direction parallel to the propellant charge receptacles. In the unloading position, the charging shell can lie next to the propellant charge holders of the primary and/or the secondary magazine(s), so that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in the charging shell can be transferred from this to the primary magazine or one of the secondary magazines. The charging tray can roughly match the length of a propellant charge receptacle in the primary magazine, so that a propellant charge receptacle in the primary magazine can be fully loaded. In order to load the propellant charge receptacle of the secondary magazine, the charging shell can be moved next to the corresponding propellant charge receptacle, for which purpose the charging shell must be moved further into the interior of the propellant charge magazine. However, this also depends on the arrangement or the sequence of the magazines in the propellant charge magazine or in the magazine housing.

It has also proven to be advantageous if the charging cradle is mounted in a linearly movable manner on a telescopic rail. The telescopic rail allows the charging cradle to be moved far out of the magazine housing or the vehicle, which simplifies loading. The telescopic rail can consist of a plurality of individual rails which are connected to one another in a linearly movable manner and are arranged one above the other. In this respect, the longest possible travel of the charging cradle can be realized via the telescopic rail.

With regard to the arrangement of the charging cradle, it has proven to be advantageous if this is arranged on the base pedestal, in particular via the telescopic rail. In this respect, the charging cradle can be arranged as far down as possible, which in particular facilitates loading by hand. Furthermore, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred into the magazines or into the propellant charge receptacles of the magazines by this arrangement in the region of the lower deflection. In the area of the lower deflection, it may be possible to move propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in the radial direction in order to transfer them to a propellant charge receptacle in the magazine or to transfer them from the propellant charge receptacle to the charging tray. In the area of the charging shell, the magazine housing can have an opening or a recess that allows a corresponding radial movement of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods.

With regard to the loading unit, it has also proven to be advantageous if it has a drive for moving the loading shell between the loading position and the unloading position. In this respect, the charging cradle can be automatically moved back and forth between the unloading position and the loading position via the drive. Appropriate control means, in particular control buttons, can be provided, via which the charging cradle can be moved. Alternatively, however, it is also possible To move the charging cradle back and forth by hand between the loading position and the unloading position. The drive can be designed as a linear drive and can include a rotatable spindle, via which the loading shell can be moved back and forth next to the propellant charge holders of the primary or secondary magazine. The spindle can either be coupled to the charging cradle itself or to the telescopic rail.

In order in particular to simplify manual loading of the charging cradle in the loading position, the charging cradle can be designed to be foldable downwards in the loading position. This folding simplifies the loading or placing of propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods onto the loading tray. The charging tray can be folded down about a horizontal axis, so that the lifting distance for a person lifting the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the ground onto the propellant charge tray is reduced. Provision can be made for the charging cradle to automatically fold down when it reaches the charging position. However, a corresponding folding can also be prevented, for example in the event that the charging cradle is loaded automatically. A manually or electrically operated blocking device can be provided for this purpose. This can, for example.

In order to transfer propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods located in the loading tray, it has proven to be advantageous if the loading unit has an unloading unit, with which corresponding propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred to a propellant charge holder in the primary or secondary magazine. The corresponding unloading unit can be arranged within the magazine housing and the transfer of the propellant charge modules and/or Propellant charge rods in the primary or the secondary magazine can take place as automatically as possible and inside the propellant charge magazine without manual intervention being required for this.

According to an advantageous development, it is proposed that the unloading unit has a swiveling feed unit with which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the charging shell into the propellant charge holder in the unloading position. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be pushed laterally out of the charging shell into the propellant charge holder via the feed unit. The feed unit can be arranged or mounted pivotably and the pivot axis can be arranged above the charging cradle. The feed unit can be designed in the manner of a push paddle and have approximately the same length as the charging cradle, so that all propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods located in the charging cradle can be reliably transferred into the propellant charge holder.

With regard to the feed unit, it has also proven to be advantageous if this has a holding device for holding propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods being transferable from the propellant charge holder into the charging shell via the holding device. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be gripped via the holding device or fixed in such a way that they can be moved together with the feed unit. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can then be transported from the propellant charge receptacle into the charging tray. Due to the arrangement of the feed unit above the charging cradle, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be pushed with this into the corresponding propellant charge receptacle of the magazine, but not in the opposite direction towards the charging cradle.

In this respect, the holding device makes it possible for propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods that are already in the respective magazine to be removed from it again and the propellant charge magazine to this extent also emptied. Furthermore, this transfer also makes it possible to use the loading shell of the loading unit as an intermediate store or to increase the overall capacity of the propellant charge magazine.

With regard to the holding device, it has proven to be advantageous if this is designed as a vacuum suction cup. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be sucked in via a vacuum suction cup and then moved together with the holding device or with the feed unit. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be reliably held in place by the vacuum suction cup during transfer and placed on the charging cradle. The feed unit can have several vacuum suction cups arranged next to one another, so that both propellant charge rods and individual propellant charges can be reliably sucked in and moved.
In an alternative embodiment, the holding device can be designed as a vacuum suction bar or have one. The corresponding bar can extend along the feed unit and be arranged, for example, on the outside thereof.

It has also proven to be advantageous if each magazine, that is to say the primary magazine and the secondary magazine or magazines, is assigned a feed unit. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred via the respective feed units into the respective propellant charge receptacles of the magazines and can also be removed from them again. Alternatively, however, it can also be provided that only one feed unit is provided, so that propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can only be transferred to one magazine, in particular to the primary magazine. However, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can also be transferred from the primary magazine to the secondary magazine or magazines, as will be described in more detail below. Furthermore, it can also be provided that the feed unit can be moved parallel to the bearing shell. In this configuration, the feed unit can be moved together with the charging tray next to the magazine into which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are to be transferred. Analogously, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can also be selectively transferred from one of the magazines into the charging shell with a feed unit that can be moved accordingly in the axial direction.

With regard to the movement of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods within the propellant charge magazine, it has proven to be advantageous if these can be moved between the primary magazine and the secondary magazine via the portioning device. In this respect, no additional feed unit is required with which, for example, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods could be pushed back and forth between the primary magazine and the secondary magazine, but this can be taken over by the portioning device.

With regard to the arrangement of the portioning device, it has turned out to be advantageous if it is arranged above the primary and the secondary magazine. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the primary magazine or the secondary magazine(s) to the higher portioning device via the transfer assembly or the transfer devices.

However, it is also possible for the propellant charge receptacle of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit, to be arranged next to the primary and/or the secondary magazine. In this configuration, the propellant charge holder or the portioning unit can be moved back and forth parallel to the propellant charges arranged in the partial magazines next to the partial magazines. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred laterally from the partial magazine(s) into the propellant charge holder or the portioning unit. The propellant charge receptacle or the portioning unit can be arranged in the lower or upper area next to the partial magazines, in particular in the area of the lowermost or uppermost propellant charge receptacle of the partial magazines. It is also possible that the entire further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, is arranged next to the primary and/or secondary magazine. As a result of this configuration, the partial magazines can be designed to be comparatively tall and can extend up to the roof of the vehicle or the tower. The propellant charge holder of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit, can be moved back and forth between the different transfer positions in addition to the sub-magazines for receiving propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge units. The further processing unit, in particular the portioning device, can have a linear guide, in particular a guide rail, to guide the movement. The linear guide can extend parallel to the primary and the one or more secondary magazines or to the longitudinal axes of the propellant charge receptacles of the sub-magazines. The propellant charge holder, in particular the portioning unit, can be moved into a transfer position in which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods located in the propellant charge holder, in particular the portioning unit, can be ejected and then fed to a weapon. In this respect, a transfer position can be assigned to the weapon.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the portioning device has a portioning unit which has a propellant charge holder and which can be moved back and forth linearly to receive and dispense propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods into different transfer positions, wherein in the first transfer position propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved back and forth between the primary magazine and the propellant charge holder of the portioning unit and wherein in the second transfer position propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved can be moved back and forth between the secondary magazine and the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit. In this respect, the propellant charge rods and/or propellant charge modules can be transferred from one of the magazines into the portioning unit in a transfer position and delivered to another magazine in the other transfer position. In this way, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved back and forth between the magazines via the portioning device or the portioning unit.

It has turned out to be advantageous if the portioning unit is set up and designed in such a way that it can receive propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in a transfer position and deliver them again either in the same or in a different transfer position. Between receiving and dispensing the propellant charge modules and/or the propellant charge rods, these can be portioned, i.e. several propellant charge modules or several propellant charge rods can be joined together to form a longer propellant charge rod, or a propellant charge rod can be separated into propellant charge modules and/or shorter propellant charge rods. Due to the movement of the portioning unit, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be picked up from a magazine in a transfer position and then, if necessary, after portioning be delivered again to another magazine by the movement of the portioning unit into another transfer position. Alternatively, it is also possible that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, after being picked up from a magazine, are moved into a transfer position in which they can be fed to a weapon barrel.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the portioning device has an intermediate storage unit which can be linearly moved back and forth together with the portioning unit. The intermediate storage unit can be linearly coupled to the portioning unit and the two units can be moved back and forth via a common linear drive. The linear drive can be coupled to the intermediate storage unit, so that the portioning unit can basically be moved via the intermediate storage unit.

In terms of construction, it has proven to be advantageous if the intermediate storage unit and the portioning unit are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction. This arrangement results in a structure that is as compact as possible and requires only a small amount of installation space. This arrangement is not only associated with the fact that propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved back and forth between the portioning unit and the intermediate storage unit, but also with the arrangement of the primary and secondary magazines, since these are also arranged one behind the other in the axial direction.

With regard to the intermediate storage unit, it has proven to be advantageous if this has a propellant charge holder for the intermediate storage of propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, the propellant charge holder of the intermediate storage unit being aligned with the propellant charge holder of the portioning unit. Due to this aligned configuration, propellant charges, i.e. propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, be moved back and forth between the propellant charge holder of the intermediate storage unit and the propellant charge holder of the portioning unit. The propellant charge holder of the intermediate storage unit can be shorter than the propellant charge holder of the portioning unit. In order to achieve a compact design, the intermediate storage unit or the propellant charge receptacle of the intermediate storage unit can be configured to be approximately as long as the propellant charge receptacle of the secondary magazine and the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit can be approximately as long as the propellant charge receptacle of the primary magazine. In the transfer position, in which the portioning unit is arranged above the primary magazine, the intermediate storage unit can be arranged above the secondary magazine.

The propellant charge receptacle of both the portioning unit and the intermediate storage unit can be designed in the form of a tube or shell, which ensures reliable storage of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. In addition, however, the propellant charge receptacle can also include rods which extend in the axial direction and on which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be arranged.
The intermediate storage unit can have an essentially cylindrical receiving structure in which the propellant charge receptacle is arranged or which forms the propellant charge receptacle. The receiving structure can be connected to the portioning unit at one end and closed at its end opposite the portioning unit.

In order to ensure that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are held reliably, it has proven to be advantageous if the portioning unit has a holding device for holding the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. About the holding device, a secure hold of the propellant charge modules and / or Propellant charge rods are also ensured during movement of the portioning unit. It is advantageous if the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are held by the holding device over their entire length, so that individual propellant charge modules that have not yet been assembled into a propellant charge rod cannot slip when the portioning unit is moved.

With regard to the holding device, it has proven to be advantageous if it comprises at least one compressed air cushion. Reliable retention of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be ensured via a compressed air cushion. The compressed air cushion can nestle against the outer contour of the propellant charges and thus hold them in the propellant charge receptacle in a non-positive manner, in particular over their entire length. At least two compressed air cushions are advantageously provided, which are arranged on opposite sides of the propellant charge holder, so that a propellant charge can be reliably held between the two compressed air cushions. Two compressed air cushions can be provided per propellant charge module to be held, so that each propellant charge module can be reliably held independently of the other propellant charge modules. The compressed air cushions can each be arranged on a holder which can extend along the portioning unit. The holder can enable the assembly of several compressed air cushions arranged next to one another. In this respect, two holders are advantageously provided on opposite sides, on the inside of which compressed air cushions can be arranged. Compressed air can be applied to the compressed air cushions via a separate or also via a common compressed air supply in order to secure the propellant charges in the propellant charge holder. In particular, the compressed air cushions are connected to a compressed air network of the vehicle. Appropriate compressed air connections for the compressed air cushions can be arranged on the outside of the holder, via which compressed air cushions can be charged with compressed air. Furthermore can the compressed air cushions can also be vented via the compressed air connections, for example if the propellant charges in the propellant charge holder are to be ejected.

According to an advantageous development, it is provided that the portioning unit is designed and set up in such a way that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred in the radial direction into the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit and can be ejected from it. To eject the propellant charges, an ejection device, for example in the form of an ejection latch, can be provided. The propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit can accordingly be designed in such a way that propellant charges can be transferred into it in the radial direction. In order to transport propellant charges into the propellant charge receptacle or to remove them from it, the compressed air cushions can first be evacuated so that the propellant charges are no longer held but can be moved relative to the propellant charge receptacle. When the propellant charges have been transferred to the propellant charge holder by means of the lifting unit, the compressed air cushions can be charged with compressed air and thus secure the propellant charges in the propellant charge holder of the portioning unit.

Furthermore, it has turned out to be advantageous with regard to the portioning unit if it has a transfer opening that allows a radial transfer of propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods into or out of the propellant charge receptacle. In this respect, the transfer opening can enable a radial movement of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods and in this respect ensure radial insertion and ejection. The transfer opening can extend along the portioning unit or the propellant charge holder and in this respect also allow a transfer of several propellant charge modules or longer propellant charge rods.

In an advantageous development, it is proposed that the portioning unit is about an axis of rotation. The axis of rotation can extend centrally through the portioning unit in the axial direction and thus coincide with the longitudinal axis of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods located in the portioning unit. The position of the transfer opening can be changed by rotating the portioning unit, so that corresponding propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from different directions into the propellant charge receptacle or ejected from the propellant charge receptacle in different directions. It is possible that the portioning unit can receive propellant charges from a magazine in a rotational position, for which purpose the transfer opening can point in the direction of the magazine. In order to feed portioned propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods to a weapon, the portioning unit can be rotated about the axis of rotation until the transfer opening points in the direction of the weapon or in the direction of a propellant charge transfer device, via which the portioned propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be fed to the weapon.

The portioning unit can be rotationally decoupled from the intermediate storage unit, so that the portioning unit can be rotated about the axis of rotation independently of the intermediate storage unit. Since propellant charges and/or propellant charge rods can be conveyed in the axial direction from the portioning unit into the intermediate storage unit, it is not necessary for the intermediate storage unit to also have a transfer opening in order to transfer propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the magazines directly into the intermediate storage unit. Consequently, it is also not necessary for the intermediate storage unit to also be rotatable about an axis of rotation.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the portioning unit has a joining unit for joining propellant charge modules to form a propellant charge rod. By means of the joining unit, a joining force acting in the axial direction can be applied to propellant charge modules that have not yet been joined together, via which force the propellant charge modules can be joined to form a propellant charge rod. Furthermore, several propellant charge rods can also be joined together to form a longer propellant charge rod in a corresponding manner. Furthermore, the joining unit can also be used to transfer propellant charges and/or propellant charge modules from the portioning unit to the intermediate storage unit, so that the joining unit is also used to eject propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods.

In terms of construction, it has proven to be advantageous if the joining unit has a joining carriage that can be moved in the axial direction. The joining carriage can be moved via a spindle drive so that it moves in a linear direction when the spindle rotates in order to push the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods out of the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit into the propellant charge receptacle of the intermediate storage unit or to assemble propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. The spindle can extend in the axial direction along the portioning unit and can be rotated via a drive. The joining carriage can be connected to the rotatable spindle, for example via a spindle nut, and to this extent can be moved back and forth in the axial direction within the propellant charge holder. The joining carriage can have a plate-shaped geometry and can be arranged behind the propellant charge module(s) and/or propellant charge rods located in the portioning unit, so that these can be moved accordingly via a movement of the joining carriage. The joining carriage can only be moved within the propellant charge holder, so that a movement in the direction of the intermediate storage unit is made possible with this, however, no complete ejection of all propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the portioning unit into the intermediate storage unit.

With regard to the intermediate storage unit, it has proven to be advantageous if it has a joining unit for joining together a plurality of propellant charge modules to form a propellant charge rod. The joining unit can be configured analogously to the joining unit of the portioning unit. In this respect, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved from the propellant charge receptacle of the intermediate storage unit to or in the direction of the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit via the joining unit of the intermediate storage unit. Furthermore, several propellant charge rods can be joined together to form a longer propellant charge rod. The joining unit of the intermediate storage unit can have a joining carriage that can be moved in the axial direction and has a spindle drive, which can include a drive and a spindle. The joining slide can be moved back and forth within the intermediate storage unit or within the propellant charge holder of the intermediate storage unit. To join propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods together, an axial joining force can be applied via the joining unit or the joining carriage. The joining carriage of the intermediate storage unit can also only be moved within the intermediate storage unit, so that it is also not possible to push out all the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods completely in the direction of the portioning unit

With regard to the two joining units, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be joined via the two joining units. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be arranged between the two joining units or between the respective joining carriages, so that one joining carriage is arranged in front of the first propellant charge module and the other joining carriage is arranged behind the last propellant charge module. If the When the two joining carriages are then moved towards one another, a joining force acts on the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods, by means of which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are joined together to form a propellant charge rod. The plug-in or joining contours of the individual propellant charge modules can be pushed into one another so that an assembled propellant charge rod is created. Since the two joining carriages can only be moved within the portioning unit or the intermediate storage unit, the propellant charge modules and/or the propellant charge rods extend into both the portioning unit and the intermediate storage unit when they are joined together or the portioned propellant charge rod.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the intermediate storage unit has an ejection plunger, via which all of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods located in the intermediate storage unit can be ejected from it. Since the propellant charges cannot be completely ejected via the joining carriage, but can primarily ensure that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are joined together to form a longer propellant charge rod, the intermediate storage unit can also be emptied via the ejection plunger. All the propellant charges and/or propellant charge rods located in the intermediate storage unit can be transferred from the intermediate storage unit to the portioning unit via the ejection plunger. It is advantageous if the ejector ram is only used when the portioning process is complete, so that the ready-portioned propellant charge rod is transferred via the ejector ram into the portioning unit for delivery to the weapon or to one of the magazines. For this it may be necessary that at least the joining carriage of the intermediate storage unit is initially returned to its starting position in which it does not come into contact with the propellant charge.

In terms of construction, it is proposed with regard to the ejection plunger that this can be pivoted behind the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods for ejection. In this respect, the ejector plunger cannot prevent the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from being pushed into the intermediate storage unit before portioning from the portioning unit. After portioning, the ejection plunger can then be pivoted about an axis extending in the axial direction behind the propellant charge modules and then move them into the portioning unit. For this purpose, the ejection plunger is not only movable within the intermediate storage unit, but it can also be moved into the portioning unit in order to enable complete ejection. A linear drive can be provided to drive the ejector ram, via which the ejector ram can be moved in the axial direction. In addition, a further drive can be provided in order to pivot the ejection plunger into the intermediate storage unit or into the propellant charge holder of the intermediate storage unit and thus behind the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods.

In order to separate propellant charge modules that have already been assembled to form a propellant charge rod, it has proven to be advantageous if the portioning device has a removal head for separating one or more propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. Two propellant charge modules, for example two adjacent propellant charge modules of a propellant charge rod, can be separated from one another via the removal head. The removal head can be arranged between the portioning unit and the intermediate storage unit, so that propellant charges pass the removal head during a transfer from the portioning unit to the intermediate storage unit or from the intermediate storage unit to the portioning unit. The dismantling head can be tubular in shape, so that propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be accommodated can be moved by the removal head during a movement between the portioning unit and the intermediate storage unit.

With regard to the removal head, it has also turned out to be advantageous if it can be moved in the axial direction with respect to the portioning unit. Propellant charge modules can thus be moved relative to the propellant charge modules located in the portioning unit via the removal head and these can be separated from one another in this respect. For this purpose, the removal head can be moved away from the portioning unit or can be designed so that it can be moved away accordingly. A corresponding drive can be provided in order to move the removal head relative to the portioning unit. In order to separate two propellant charge modules from one another, one of the propellant charge modules can be moved into the removal head via the joining carriage and then moved together with the removal head relative to the propellant charge module arranged in the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning device and thus separated from it. It may be necessary for the propellant charge modules located in the propellant charge receptacle of the portioning unit to also be fixed via the holding device.

Furthermore, with regard to the removal head, it has proven to be advantageous if a propellant charge module can be fixed in the removal head in such a way that it can be moved together with the removal head. In this respect, at least one propellant charge module can be held in place via the removal head and moved in the axial direction relative to the other propellant charge modules held in place in the portioning device. However, it is also conceivable for several propellant charge modules to be fixed in the removal head, which are then moved together in the axial direction relative to the propellant charge modules arranged in the portioning unit.

In terms of construction, it has proven to be advantageous if the removal head has two clamps, which are connected to one another in an articulated manner, for clamping at least one propellant charge module. A propellant charge module can be fixed peripherally with only little local pressure via the clamps and then moved together with the removal head relative to the portioning unit or moved away from it. In this respect, the removal head is connected in a non-positive or frictional manner to the corresponding propellant charge module or possibly also to the multiple propellant charge modules. The two clamps can be semicircular and their radius can be slightly smaller than the radius of the propellant charge modules, so that they can be clamped by the two clamps.

The two clamps can be connected to one another on one side via a joint, in particular a hinge joint, pivotable about a pivot axis. On the side opposite the joint, the clamps can be at a certain distance from one another. However, the two clamps can be pulled together or pressed together in this area via a clamping mechanism and pivoted about the pivot axis. The pivoting movement reduces the free internal cross-section formed by the two clamps, and a propellant charge module can be fixed by the two clamps in the manner of a clamp. The clamping mechanism can be driven pneumatically or hydraulically and connected to a corresponding pneumatic or hydraulic network of the vehicle. In order to move or pivot the two clamps around the pivot axis, it can be provided that one of the two clamps is fixed and the other clamp is pivotably connected to the fixed clamp via the joint. On the side opposite the joint, the movable clamp can be guided in an elongated hole, which allows a reliable pivoting movement around the pivot axis. Furthermore, it is advantageous if one return spring is provided, which pushes the two clamps apart in the area opposite the joint and thus prestresses them into a non-securing position. Due to the clamping mechanism, the two clamps can then be pulled together or pressed together against the force of the spring for a limited period of time.

According to an advantageous development, it is proposed that the portioning device has a propellant charge transfer device for supplying propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods to a weapon or a rammer. Via the propellant charge transfer device, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods portioned in advance can in particular be fed from the portioning unit to a weapon or else to a rammer. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can then be fed to the weapon via the ramming device and, in particular, inserted into the weapon barrel. The propellant charge transfer device can be arranged in the first transfer position next to the portioning unit, so that in this position, depending on the position into which the portioning unit is rotated about the axis of rotation, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be fed either to the magazine or to the weapon via the propellant charge transfer device. If the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are to be fed to a weapon, for example, the portioning unit can be rotated in such a way that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be moved through the transfer opening onto the propellant charge transfer device.

The propellant charge transfer device can be pivoted about an axis extending parallel to the portioning unit, so that it can be folded out and in. In the folded position, the Propellant charge transfer device aligned with the propellant charge magazine or with the magazine housing and to that extent be arranged within the contour of the propellant charge magazine. In the unfolded position, the propellant charge transfer device can act like a ramp, via which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be ejected in the radial direction from the portioning unit or the propellant charge holder of the portioning unit.

With regard to the object mentioned at the outset, a vehicle, in particular a military land vehicle, with a magazine is also proposed, the magazine being advantageously designed in the manner described above. The vehicle can be an artillery unit, for example. The magazine can be arranged in the rear area of the vehicle, in particular in the area behind or next to a weapon barrel. Furthermore, the magazine can be arranged in such a way that the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods run in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the vehicle or in the direction of travel.

With regard to the vehicle, it has also proven to be advantageous if the primary magazine and the secondary magazine are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction on a side wall of the vehicle. This arrangement is comparatively space-saving. One or more projectile magazines can be arranged on the side opposite the propellant charge magazine or the two partial magazines, so that a free space remains between the propellant charge magazine or magazines and the projectile magazine or projectiles. This free space can be used, for example, by one person, in particular a loader. Furthermore, the portioning device can be arranged in this free space.

The vehicle can have a vehicle hull and a weapon that is rotatably mounted relative to the vehicle hull and carries a large-calibre weapon have tower. The features described with regard to the vehicle and in particular the arrangement of the components can relate to the tower.

• Beladen zumindest einer Treibladungsaufnahme des Primärmagazins oder des Sekundärmagazins mit Treibladungsmodulen und/oder Treibladungsstangen;
• Überführen der Treibladungsmodule und/oder Treibladungsstangen und Weiterverarbeiten der Treibladungsmodule und/oder Treibladungsstangen.

Furthermore, with regard to the object mentioned at the outset, a method for handling propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods with a magazine is proposed, the magazine being designed in the manner described above. The procedure is characterized by the following steps:

• Loading at least one propellant charge holder of the primary magazine or the secondary magazine with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods;
• Transferring the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods and further processing of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods.

The propellant charge modules and/or the propellant charge rods can be transferred to the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device.

• Portionieren der Treibladungsmodule und/oder Treibladungsstangen in der Portioniervorrichtung;
• Einlagern der portionierten Treibladungsmodule und/oder Treibladungsstangen wahlweise in das Primärmagazin oder in das Sekundärmagazin; - Zuführen der Treibladungsmodule und/oder Treibladungsstangen zu einer Waffe.

Furthermore, the method can include the following steps:

• Portioning of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods in the portioning device;
• Storing the portioned propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods either in the primary magazine or in the secondary magazine; - Feeding the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods to a weapon.

These steps can be carried out after the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods have been transferred to the portioning device.

The primary magazine or the secondary magazine can optionally be equipped with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods via the loading unit described above. In particular, the primary magazine is equipped with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can then be moved upwards in the respective magazine until they can be lifted in the area of the upper deflection via the transfer device from the respective propellant charge receptacle and transferred into the portioning device. In the portioning device, the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be portioned and then either fed to the weapon or optionally transferred to one of the magazines and stored in it.

With regard to the method, it has also proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge holder of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit, is moved linearly back and forth between the two transfer positions next to the primary magazine and the secondary magazine. In the transfer positions, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge modules can then be transferred from the sub-magazine into the propellant charge receptacle of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit. The transfer assembly described above or the transfer devices described above can be used for this.

Furthermore, it has proven to be advantageous if the propellant charge receptacle of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit, is moved in a linear direction into a further transfer position in which the received propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are transferred to a weapon. The propellant charge holder of the further processing unit or the portioning unit the portioning device can thus be moved back and forth in a linear direction between different transfer positions and thereby convey the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods from the propellant charge magazine or from the partial magazines in the direction of the weapon.

With regard to the portioning device, it has proven to be advantageous if one propellant charge rod is separated into two shorter propellant charge rods and one of the portioned propellant charge rods is transferred to the primary magazine and the other portioned propellant charge rod to the secondary magazine. For example, a propellant charge rod consisting of six propellant charge modules can first be transferred into the primary magazine by means of the loading unit. This propellant charge rod can then be separated in the portioning device into a propellant charge rod consisting of two propellant charge modules and into a propellant charge rod consisting of four propellant charge modules. The propellant charge rod consisting of four propellant charge modules can then be transferred to the secondary magazine and stored therein, for which purpose the portioning unit is moved in the axial direction into the transfer position associated with the secondary magazine. The propellant charge rod consisting of two propellant charge modules can be stored in the primary magazine. In a subsequent step, the propellant charge rod consisting of two propellant charge modules can be combined with another propellant charge rod consisting of two propellant charge modules in the portioning device to form a propellant charge rod consisting of four propellant charge modules. This propellant charge rod, which consists of four propellant charge modules, can then also be transferred to the secondary magazine. A total of two propellant charge rods consisting of six propellant charge modules were then introduced into the primary magazine and after processing there are three Propellant charge rods consisting of four propellant charge modules in the secondary magazine.

With regard to the method, it has also proven to be advantageous if, in particular, a previously portioned propellant charge rod is transferred from the portioning device into a weapon barrel. A propellant charge rod of any length can first be produced via the portioning device and this can then either be stored in one of the magazines or fed to the weapon.

Fig. 1a, 1b

jeweils ein Treibladungsmagazin in einer perspektivischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 2a, 2b

eine Beladeeinheit zur Beladung des Treibladungsmagazins mit Treibladungsmodulen und/oder Treibladungsstangen;

Fig 2c

die Beladeeinheit in einer alternativen Ausgestaltung mit einer Vakuumsaugerleiste;

Fig. 3a, 3b

eine Überführungsbaugruppe zur Überführung von Treibladungsmodulen und/oder Treibladungsstangen in die Portioniervorrichtung;

Fig. 4

die Portioniervorrichtung in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 5a bis 5c

eine Portioniereinheit der Portioniervorrichtung in verschiedenen Ansichten;

Fig. 6

einen Entfügekopf;

Fig. 7a, 7b

eine Zwischenlagereinheit der Portioniervorrichtung in verschiedenen Ansichten;

Fig. 8a bis 8c

Querschnittsansichten der Portioniervorrichtung in verschiedenen Stellungen;

Fig. 9

eine Treibladungsübergabevorrichtung in einer schematischen Seitenansicht;

Fig. 10a, 10b

Seitenansichten der Portioniervorrichtung in verschiedenen Überführungspositionen;

Fig. 11a - 11c

schematische Ansichten, bei sich die Portioniervorrichtung in verschiedenen Positionen befindet.

Further details and advantages of the invention are to be explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings of an exemplary embodiment. It shows:

Figures 1a, 1b

each a propellant charge magazine in a perspective side view;

Figures 2a, 2b

a loading unit for loading the propellant charge magazine with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods;

Figure 2c

the loading unit in an alternative embodiment with a vacuum suction bar;

Figures 3a, 3b

a transfer assembly for transferring propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods into the portioning device;

4

the portioning device in a schematic side view;

Figures 5a to 5c

a portioning unit of the portioning device in different views;

6

an extraction head;

Figures 7a, 7b

an intermediate storage unit of the portioning device in different views;

Figures 8a to 8c

Cross-sectional views of the portioning device in different positions;

9

a propellant charge transfer device in a schematic side view;

10a, 10b

Side views of the portioning device in different transfer positions;

Figures 11a - 11c

schematic views in which the portioning device is in different positions.

In heavy military land vehicles, such as artillery or battle tanks, split ammunition is often used, which consists of a propellant charge and the actual projectile. To fire the projectile, it is first pushed into the gun barrel and then the propellant charge is placed behind the projectile in the gun barrel. Depending on the type of projectile and the desired muzzle velocity or target distance, different amounts of propellant charge are required. If, for example, a target is to be fought that is in the vicinity of the vehicle, a significantly lower amount of propellant charge is required needed as e.g. for targets that are sometimes at a distance of more than 30 km.

In order to adjust the amount of propellant charge accordingly, propellant charge modules 40 are used, which can be assembled into propellant charge rods 41 of any length. For example, a propellant charge rod 41 consisting of three propellant charge modules 41 can be used for targets in the close range, and a propellant charge rod 41 consisting of six propellant charge modules 40 can be used for distant targets. So that a plurality of propellant charge modules 40 can be assembled into a propellant charge rod 41, these have male or female insertion or joining contours on their front and rear sides. When they are assembled, the male contours engage in the female contours, so that the individual propellant charge modules 40 are connected to one another by friction to form a propellant charge rod 41 .

To store the propellant charges or the propellant charge modules 40 and the propellant charge rods 41 in the vehicle, a propellant charge magazine 30 is used, which is in the Figures 1a and 1b is shown. This propellant charge magazine 30 is arranged separately from a projectile magazine for storing the projectiles to be fired in the rear area of the vehicle. However, the propellant charge magazine 30 not only serves to store the propellant charges, but the propellant charge magazine 30 is also able to portion the propellant charges, i.e. to produce propellant charge rods 41 of any length, which can then be ejected from the propellant charge magazine 30 and fed to the weapon. Based on Figures 1a and 1b the basic structure of the propellant charge magazine 30 will now be described in more detail before individual important components, in particular a portioning device 20 and a transfer device 9, are then described in more detail.

The representation of Fig. 1a shows the propellant charge magazine 30 in a perspective side view, the actual inner workings of the propellant charge magazine 30 and the stored propellant charges cannot be seen due to a magazine housing 30.1. Furthermore, the vehicle, in the rear area of which the propellant charge magazine 30 is arranged, is not shown for the sake of clarity. The actual propellant charge magazine 30 is arranged on a base pedestal 30.2, via which the propellant charge magazine 30 can be installed or fastened in the vehicle. Alternatively, the base 30.2 can also be part of the vehicle itself, so that the propellant charge magazine 30 can also be connected directly to the vehicle via appropriate holding and fastening elements.

The portioning device 20 is arranged in the head area of the propellant charge magazine 30 above the actual propellant charge supply, with which a plurality of propellant charge modules 40 can be combined to form a propellant charge rod 41 and propellant charge rods 41 can be separated into shorter propellant charge rods 41 and/or into individual propellant charge modules 40. After a propellant charge rod 41 of any length has been produced from several propellant charge modules 40, it can, as shown in FIG 1 ejected laterally from the propellant charge magazine 30 via a propellant charge transfer device 27, which will be described in more detail below, and then supplied to the weapon.

In order to ammunition the propellant charge magazine 30 with propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41, it has a loading unit 50. The loading unit 50 serves to introduce propellant charges into the propellant charge magazine 30 from the outside, after which the propellant charges are then automatically stored in the propellant charge magazine 30 . The loading unit 50 has a charging cradle 51 which, as shown in FIG Fig. 1a has already been equipped with several propellant modules 40, for what it can be extended from the magazine housing 30.1 and also from the vehicle. The charging tray 51 is then accessible from the outside in this position and propellant charges can be placed on it. Thereafter, the propellant charges can then be moved into the propellant charge magazine 30 and stored in it.

In the representation of Fig. 1b the propellant charge magazine 30 is shown without the magazine housing 30.1 covering the propellant charges, so that the arrangement of the propellant charges in the propellant charge magazine 30 can also be seen in this respect. The propellant charge magazine 30 has two largely independent sub-magazines for storing the propellant charges, namely a primary magazine 31 and a secondary magazine 32 arranged next to the primary magazine 31. As can also be seen in the illustration, the respective propellant charge receptacles 33 of the two magazines 31, 32 in which the propellant charges are stored are designed shorter in the secondary magazine 32 than in the primary magazine 31, so that the secondary magazine 32 overall also correspondingly offer less space for propellant charges. Propellant charge rods 41 consisting of two individual propellant charge modules 40 are arranged in the secondary magazine 32 , and propellant charge rods 41 consisting of six propellant charge modules 40 are arranged in the primary magazine 31 .

Furthermore, in the Fig. 1b It can also be seen that the propellant charge modules 40 of the primary magazine 31 and those of the secondary magazine 32 are different propellant charge types that have different sizes. The propellant charge modules 40 arranged in the secondary magazine 32 are of the DM82 type and those in the primary magazine 31 are of the DM72 type. Due to the different sizes of the propellant charge modules 40, for example, four propellant charge modules 40 of type DM82 could also be placed in a propellant charge receptacle 33 of the primary magazine 31 and in one propellant charge receptacle 33 of the secondary magazine accommodate four propellant charge modules 30 of the type DM72. In addition, propellant charge rods 41 of the TopCharge type can also be stored in the primary magazine 31 . These TopCharge propellant charges are one-piece and therefore non-divisible propellant charge rods 41, which as a whole make it possible to attack even more distant targets than with propellant charge rods 41 of the same size assembled from a plurality of propellant charge modules 40. However, corresponding TopCharge propellant charges are too long for the secondary magazine 32 , since they have approximately the length of six propellant charge modules of the type DM72 and therefore only fit in the propellant charge receptacles 33 of the primary magazine 31 .

In the representation of Fig. 1b portioning device 20 is not shown, whereby the transfer assembly 10, which is basically arranged between the primary magazine 31 and the secondary magazine 32, becomes visible, by means of which propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 can be transferred from the respective magazines 31, 32 into the portioning device 20. Furthermore, propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 portioned in the portioning device 20 can also be conveyed back to the primary magazine 31 or the secondary magazine 32 via the transfer assembly 10, provided that they are not fed directly from the portioning device 20 to the weapon barrel, but rather, for example, initially only pre-portioned and then stored again in the magazines 31, 32.

Both the primary magazine 31 and the secondary magazine 32 are designed as propellant charge carousels, so that the propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 located in the respective magazine can be conveyed in a vertical direction in a circle. The corresponding magazines 31, 32 each have a revolving magazine chain 36 at the front and at the rear end, between which the propellant charge receptacles 33 extend. Like this in the Fig. 1b As can be seen, the magazine chains 36 function as belts of a belt drive, via which the propellant charge rods 41 can be moved in the direction K of the chain. The magazine chains 36 are deflected twice, namely once at an upper deflection 37.1 and at a lower deflection 37.2, for which wheels which can be rotated about a horizontal axis are used in each case. Between these wheels or the two deflections 37.1, 37.2, the magazine chains 36 and thus also the propellant charge holders 33 move essentially in the vertical direction and at the deflections 37.1, 37.2 they are deflected by approximately 180 degrees. As is the case with the primary magazine 31 in FIG Fig. 1b and the chain direction K, the front propellant charge modules 40 and propellant charge rods 41 that can be seen in the figure move upwards, are then deflected backwards about a horizontal axis and move down again on the rear side of the primary magazine 31. The secondary magazine 32 functions accordingly.

So that the propellant charge receptacles 33 of the two magazines 31, 32 can be moved independently of one another, each magazine 31, 32 has its own chain drive 35, via which the respective lower wheels can be driven. By connecting these wheels to the magazine chain 36, the propellant charges can then be promoted in a circle in the manner described above.

The propellant charge receptacles 33 have rods 33.1 which extend in the horizontal direction between the two magazine chains 36 of the respective magazines 31, 32. The propellant charges, ie the propellant charge modules 40 and/or the propellant charge rods 41 rest on these rods 33.1. The magazine housing 30.1 prevents the propellant charges from slipping sideways, particularly in the area of vertical conveyance. Just like this based on the Fig. 1b can be seen, the rods 33.1 are vertical Funding area positioned in such a way that the propellant charges cannot move in the vertical direction relative to the propellant charge receptacles 33 or the corresponding rods 33.1. However, this changes in the area of the upper deflection 37.1, since due to the deflection the rods 33.1 are in this area next to the propellant charges and these are no longer secured in the vertical direction by the rods 33.1. In the area of the upper deflection 37.1, the propellant charges can therefore be lifted from the propellant charge receptacles 33 and by means of the in the Figures 3a and 3b shown transfer assembly 10 of the above the magazines 31, 32 arranged portioning device 20 out.

In order to equip the propellant charge magazine 30 or the individual magazines 31, 32 with propellant charges, the Fig. 1a to be recognized and in the Figures 2a and 2b loading unit 50 shown in somewhat more detail. This comprises a loading tray 51 which can be pulled out of the propellant charge magazine 30 or from the propellant charge housing 30.1 and onto which a plurality of propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 can be placed. If the charger 51 as shown in the Figure 2b has been pulled out and is then also accessible from the outside, this is in the loading position B, in which it can be loaded with propellant charges. In the Figure 2b it can be seen, for example, that the charging shell 51 was loaded with a propellant charge rod 41 consisting of six propellant charge modules 40 .

In order to move the charging shell 51 and to move it in a linear direction, it is arranged in a linearly movable manner on a telescopic rail 56, which in turn is connected to the propellant charge magazine 30 in a linearly movable manner or directly to the vehicle. In this respect, the charging tray 51 can be pulled quite far out of the vehicle or out of the propellant charge magazine 30, which simplifies the loading with propellant charges.

Furthermore, loading is also made easier by the possibility of folding the charging cradle down in loading position B. This folded position is in the Figure 2b to recognize. Accordingly, the charging cradle 51 is not only connected to the telescopic rail 56 in a linearly movable manner, but also pivotally movable about an axis extending in the horizontal direction. The folding movement reduces the distance between the charging cradle 51 and the ground, which insofar simplifies loading, in particular if the propellant charges have to be placed on the charging cradle 51 by hand. However, it is also possible to prevent the folding down when the end of the telescopic rail 56 is reached. This can be necessary, for example, if the charging cradle 51 is to be automatically loaded with propellant charges or if a vertical orientation of the charging cradle 51 in the loading position B is advantageous for other reasons. In order to prevent it from folding down, a locking device that can be actuated manually or else electrically can be provided. In the simplest case, this can be a split pin, for example, which extends parallel to the folding axis through the charging cradle 51 and the telescopic rail 56 and thereby prevents the folding movement.

When the propellant charges to be conveyed into the propellant charge magazine 30 have been loaded onto the charging tray 51, this is brought into an unloading position E inside the propellant charge magazine 30 or that of the magazine housing 30.1. The propellant charges arranged on the charging tray 51 are then arranged in this position next to a propellant charge holder 33 of the primary magazine 31 . In the Figure 2b to that effect, a propellant charge holder 33 of the primary magazine 31 that is equipped with propellant charges can be seen in the vehicle. However, the entire propellant charge magazine 30 is not shown or visible.

In order to transport the propellant charges arranged on the charging tray 51 into an empty propellant charge receptacle 33 of the primary magazine 31, the Propellant charge holder are first moved into the correct position in the area of the deflection 37.2 below. Since the magazine housing 30.1 has a recess in this area, which is on the in the Fig. 1a If the rear side cannot be seen, it is possible in the area of the lower deflection 37.2 to transfer propellant charges from the charging tray 51 into the corresponding propellant charge holder 33 of the primary magazine 31. In addition, propellant charges can also be transferred from the propellant charge receptacle 33 of the primary magazine 31 to the charging shell 51 if this is located next to the propellant charge receptacle 33 in the unloading position. With this possibility, the loading unit 50 or the loading shell 51 can also serve as an intermediate store in which the propellant charges can be removed, or the propellant charge capacity of the propellant charge magazine 30 can be correspondingly increased by the loading unit 50 .

For the movement of propellant charges between the charging tray 51 and the propellant charge holder 33 of the primary magazine 31, the loading unit 50 has an unloading unit 53, which is shown in FIG Figure 2a can be seen. The unloading unit 53 is connected to the propellant charge magazine 30 or to the magazine housing 30.1 and is arranged essentially above the loading shell 51 which is in the unloading position E. The unloading unit 53 comprises a feed unit 54, which is mounted pivotably via a drive 53.1 about a horizontal axis arranged between the storage shell 51 and the propellant charge receptacle 33, which functions in the manner of a push paddle and with which the propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 can be pushed out of the charging shell 51 in the radial direction into the propellant charge receptacle 33 of the primary magazine 31. According to the presentation of Figure 2a For this purpose, the feed unit 54 is folded down clockwise, whereby it comes into contact with the propellant charges located in the charging shell 51 and can then push them into the empty propellant charge holder 33 . It is possible that during this transfer process, the charging cradle 51 also folds down or that a Side part of the charging tray 51 is opened to allow free movement of the propellant charges. This operation works automatically inside the propellant magazine 31 and requires no manual intervention.

Like this in the Figure 2a It can also be seen that the feed unit 54 has a plurality of recesses arranged next to one another, which are used for mounting a vacuum suction cup, which is not shown in the figure, however. The propellant charges can be sucked in via this vacuum suction cup and then moved together with the feed unit 54 . A corresponding vacuum suction device is not required to transfer propellant charges from the charging cradle 51 to the primary magazine 31, but it is required for removing propellant charges, i.e. for transferring propellant charges from the primary magazine 31 to the charging cradle 51. This is associated with the arrangement of the feed unit 54, which is arranged in a rest position above the charging cradle 51 and can then be folded down about the corresponding pivot axis.

In order to now remove propellant charges from the primary magazine 31 and feed them to the charging tray 51, the feed unit 54 can be pivoted downwards so that it then has a substantially vertical alignment and is located between the charging tray 51 and the propellant charge holder 33 next to the propellant charges. In this position, the vacuum cup then makes contact with the propellant charges and can suck them up. When the feed unit 54 is pivoted back into the rest position according to FIG Figure 2a the vacuum sucker takes the sucked propellant charges with it and then places them on the charging tray 51. The one in the Figure 2c loading unit 50 shown essentially corresponds to that shown in FIG Figure 2a is shown. However, the feed unit 54 has a holding device 55 which is equipped as a vacuum suction bar and which can be pivoted together with the feed unit 54 .

In order to move the charging cradle 51 back and forth between the loading position B and the unloading position E, a drive 52 designed as a linear drive is provided. This has a drive spindle 52.1 which can be rotated by an electric motor and via which the charging tray 51 can be moved back and forth parallel to the primary magazine 31 and to the secondary magazine 32.

Although the loading of the propellant charge magazine 30 was described above with regard to the primary magazine 31, the secondary magazine 32 can also be loaded in the same way. For this purpose, the charging shell 51 must be moved a little further into the propellant charge magazine 30 so that it is arranged next to an empty propellant charge receptacle 33 of the secondary magazine 32 . A separate unloading unit 53 can be provided for the secondary magazine 32, which is arranged accordingly next to the propellant charge receptacle 33 of the secondary magazine 32. Alternatively, only a single unloading unit 53 can also be provided for both magazines 31, 32, for example by being linearly movable back and forth analogously to the charging cradle 51 next to the primary magazine 31 or the secondary magazine 32.

Below is now the transfer assembly 10 and the transfer device 9 based on the Figures 3a and 3b be described in more detail. The transfer assembly 10 is arranged between the magazines 31, 32 and the portioning device 20 and serves to lift propellant charges from the magazines 31, 32 and to feed them to the portioning device 20. The transfer assembly 10 consists of two transfer devices 9, each transfer device being assigned to one of the two magazines 31, 32. By comparing the Figure 3a and the Fig. 1b it is thus evident, for example, that the right-hand transfer device 9 is provided for transferring propellant charges from the primary magazine 31 and the left-hand transfer device 9 is provided for transferring propellant charges from the secondary magazine 32 . Any transfer device 9 is thus assigned to one of the two magazines 31, 32 and the two transfer devices 9, like the magazines 31, 32, are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction.

The transfer device 9 has a lifting unit 1, which is in the representation of Figure 3a is in a parking position P1. In this parking position P1, the transfer device 9 is not in use and the propellant charge receptacles 33 of the magazines 31, 32 can be conveyed in a circle together with the respective propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 in the manner described above. If, for example, several propellant charge modules 40 located in a propellant charge holder 33 of the primary magazine 31 are to be transferred to the portioning device 20 in order to be joined there to form a propellant charge rod 41, the corresponding propellant charge holder 33 must first be moved into the area of the upper deflection 37.2. According to the presentation of Fig. 1b only the uppermost propellant charges, which have already passed the actual upper deflection point and are partially covered in the figure by the propellant charges of the subsequent propellant charge holder 33, can be transferred by the transfer device 9 into the portioning device 20.

For transfer, the lifting unit 1 from the parking position P1 in the right-hand representation of the Figure 3b to be recognized transfer position P2 pivoted. The lifting unit 1 is rotatably mounted about a lifting axis H at one end for this purpose. When the lifting unit 1 rotates about the lifting axis H, the lifting unit 1 is moved into the movement path of the propellant charges of the primary magazine 31, so that it is necessary in this respect that the propellant charges to be conveyed into the portioning device 20 are first moved into the correct position and that the primary magazine 31 then stands still during the transfer process and the propellant charge receptacles 33 are not moved any further. The lifting unit 1 then engages its end opposite the lifting axis H under the propellant charges located in the propellant charge receptacle 33 and lifts them out of the propellant charge receptacle 33 .

So that the lifting unit 1 can reach as far as possible under the propellant charges, it is equipped with a lifting contour 1.3 which is concave and slightly bent upwards at the end. Due to the lifting contour 1.3, the lifting unit 1 can not only come into lateral contact with the propellant charges during the rotation from the parking position 1 to the transfer position P2, but also contact them primarily in the lower area and thereby initiate a lifting movement. When the lifting unit 1 has contacted the propellant charges and is then rotated further in the direction of the transfer position P2, the propellant charges are taken along and then moved together with the lifting unit 1 about the lifting axis H essentially in the vertical direction, with the propellant charges leaving the primary magazine 31. In the transfer position P2, the propellant charges have then been moved up so far that they are in the portioning device 20. In this position, the propellant charges are secured in the portioning device 20, as will be described in more detail below, and the lifting unit 1 can then be returned to the parking position P1 without the propellant charges. The primary magazine 31 can then also be started again and the propellant charge holders 33 can be moved in the chain direction K, e.g. in order to bring the next propellant charge holder 33 into the position in which the propellant charges arranged on it can be conveyed via the lifting unit 1 into the portioning device 20.

Just like this based on the Fig. 1b can be seen, the length of the lifting unit 1 is adapted to the length of the propellant charge holders 33 of the primary magazine 31 . The lifting unit 1 is in this respect designed as a lifting paddle and with this several non-contiguous propellant charge modules 40 be transferred to the portioning device 20. The same also applies to the lifting unit 1 of the transfer device 9, which is assigned to the secondary magazine 32. Since the propellant charge holders 33 of the secondary magazine 32 are shorter than the propellant charge holders 33 of the primary magazine 31, the two lifting units 1 also have different lengths.

To ensure sufficient stability, the lifting unit 1 is guided in a connecting link 2 at the front and at the rear end. The backdrop 2 is designed in the shape of a circular arc, as in the Figure 3b can be seen. At both ends, the lifting unit 1 has a projection that extends in the axial direction and is guided accordingly in one of the two links 2, so that the lifting unit 1 rests in the parking position P1 in one end area of the link 2 and in the transfer position P2 on the other end area of the link 2. The link 2 thus also acts as a stop for the movement around the stroke axis H.

The scenes 2 are each part of a basic element 5, so that forces from the lifting unit 1 can be introduced into the basic elements 5 via the two scenes 2 forces. The basic elements 5 give the lifting unit 1 sufficient stability in this respect. The basic elements 5 also serve to reliably connect the lifting unit 1 or the entire transfer device 9 to the other components of the propellant charge magazine 30 . Because like this in the Fig. 1b As can be seen, the basic elements 5 are screwed to the side parts of the magazines 31, 32 and at the upper end they can be connected to the vehicle, so that the entire propellant charge magazine 30 is firmly secured in the vehicle. The two basic elements 5 of a transfer device 1 are also connected to one another via a retaining plate extending in the axial direction, which also contributes to increased stability.

So that the lifting unit 1 can be rotated back and forth about the lifting axis H between the parking position P1 and the transfer position P2 in the manner described above, it is mounted on a pivot pin 6 or can be rotated together with the pivot pin 6 . The pivot bolt 6 is in turn mounted on both sides in the respective basic elements 5 , for example via a ball bearing, so that the pivot bolt 6 can be rotated about the lifting axis H together with the lifting unit 1 . In an alternative embodiment, the pivot pin 6 can also be firmly connected to the two basic elements 5 and the lifting unit 1 can be connected to the pivot pin 6 so that it can rotate. In both cases, a reliable rotary movement of the lifting unit 1 about the lifting axis H is possible.

Like this in the Figure 3a It can also be seen that the pivot pin 6 is additionally mounted in a holding device 7 approximately in the middle between the two basic elements 5 . This holding device 7 ensures additional stability and prevents bending of the pivot pin 6 and also of the lifting unit 1, which might be a risk if there is a central load in the transfer position P2. Due to the stability precautions, it is possible that the lifting unit 1 is designed as a perforated plate, as is shown in FIG Figure 3a can also be seen. In this respect, the lifting unit 1 is comparatively light, which has a positive effect on the pivoting drive 3, which is explained in more detail below. A further connection point to the vehicle is also created via the holding device 7 . In addition, the holding device 7 can also be connected to the holding plate extending between the two basic elements 5 .

Like this in the Figure 3a As can be seen, a common basic element 5 is provided between the lifting units 1 of the two transfer devices 9 so that the entire transfer assembly 10 has only three basic elements 5 and the two transfer devices 9 share a basic element 5 . When the pivot pin 6 is fixed to the basic elements 5 is connected, a common, continuous pivot pin 6 can be used in this respect, on which the two lifting units 1 can then be mounted so as to be rotatable about the lifting axis H independently of one another.

In order to move the lifting unit 1 in the manner described above, each transfer device 9 has a swivel drive 3 which is coupled to the respective lifting unit 1 via a linkage 3.1. In the parking position P1 according to the illustration on the right in FIG Figure 3b the swivel drive 3 is extended, which can be seen from the fact that the joint of the linkage 3.1 to be recognized is arranged further up than is the case in the transfer position P2, which is shown in the illustration on the left. The linkage 3.1 is coupled to the lifting unit 1 in such a way that it can be retracted according to the illustration on the right Figure 3b , is pivoted clockwise about the lifting axis H until it has reached the end of the backdrop 2. In order to then move the lifting unit 1 back into the parking position P1, the linkage 3.1 is extended via the swivel drive 3, whereupon the lifting unit 1 is swiveled counterclockwise about the lifting axis H. In order to move the linkage 3.1 accordingly, the pivoting drive 3 is designed as a linear drive, which ensures that the linkage 3-1 moves in a linear direction.

Based on Figure 3a it can be seen that this transfer device 9 and thus also each lifting unit 1 has its own swivel drive 3, so that the two lifting units 1 can be moved independently of one another, depending on whether propellant charges are to be transferred from the primary magazine 31 or from the secondary magazine 32. It can also be seen that the drives 3 act in the area between the two basic elements 5 in order to move the lifting units 1 . This central arrangement means that high torsional forces and tilting of the lifting units 1 can be prevented. The above descriptions relate refers both to the right and to the left lifting unit 1 and in this respect both to the primary magazine 31 and to the secondary magazine 32, even if only one of the two magazines 31, 32 was referred to in the description.

The configuration of the portioning device 20 will now be explained in more detail below with reference to the further figures. The portioning device 20 essentially consists of two parts, namely a portioning unit 21 and an intermediate storage unit 22, which are arranged axially next to one another, as is also the case in FIG 4 is evident. Furthermore, in the 4 to recognize that in the portioning unit 21 there is already a propellant charge rod 41 which was previously transferred from the primary magazine 31 into the portioning device 20 or the portioning unit 21 of the portioning device 20 by means of the transfer device 9 .

The portioning unit 21 has a propellant charge receptacle 34 which, in contrast to the propellant charge receptacles 33 of the magazines 31, 32, includes a holding device 23 which ensures that the propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41 located in the portioning unit 21 are reliably held. This is particularly necessary because the portioning unit 21 and thus also its drive charge receptacle 34 can be moved back and forth in a linear direction and can also be rotated about an axis of rotation R, as will be explained in more detail below.

The holding device 23 has a plurality of compressed air cushions 23.3, which are arranged on two opposite elongate holders 23.1, as is shown in FIGS Figures 5a and 5b can be seen. The compressed air cushions 23.3 are arranged on the insides of the holders 23.1 and these have pin-shaped compressed air connections 23.2 on the outsides, via which compressed air cushions 23.3 can be pressurized with compressed air, so that these expand. When the compressed air cushions 23.3 are filled with compressed air, they nestle against the side of the propellant charges and thus exert a certain pressure on the propellant charges in the radial direction, which is sufficient to reliably fix the propellant charges in the propellant charge receptacle 34. If the propellant charges are to be ejected from the portioning device 20, the compressed air cushions 23.3 must first be evacuated again and the excess pressure released.

Just like this based on the Figure 5b As can be seen, the holding device 23 or the two holders 23.1 and the other components extending in the axial direction are arranged in such a way that a transfer opening 21.1 results, which allows propellant charges to be introduced into the portioning unit 21 in the radial direction. By rotating the portioning unit 21 about the axis of rotation R, the position of this transfer opening 21.1 can be changed. In the position according to Figure 5b , which is also in a cross-section in the Figure 8b can be seen, the portioning unit 21 is rotated, for example, so that the transfer opening 21.1 points diagonally downwards. Just like this with regard to Fig. 1a As can be seen, this is precisely the position in which the propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods, for example, can be transferred from the primary magazine 31 into the portioning unit 21 from below. The lifting unit 1 of the corresponding transfer device 9 lifts the propellant charges out of the magazine 31 and conveys them through the transfer opening 21.1 into the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 21, where they are then secured via the holding device 23 so that the lifting unit 1 can be lowered again in a next step or pivoted back about the lifting axis H.

If the propellant charges are then optionally supplied to the weapon after portioning from the portioning unit 21, which will be described below are to, the portioning unit 21 about the axis of rotation R in the position according to the Figure 8a rotated as indicated by the arrow in the Figure 8b is clarified. In addition, a propellant charge transfer device 27 from the in the Figure 8b shown rest position pivoted clockwise into a working position in which it is arranged below the propellant charges still secured in the propellant charge holder 34, as in FIG Figure 8a can be seen. After the compressed air cushions 23.3 have been evacuated, the propellant charges can then be fed to the weapon via the propellant charge transfer device 27. The propellant charge transfer device 27 is also shown in the illustration 1 recognizable, but is in the dysentery position and is thus collapsed. When the portioning unit 21 has been rotated accordingly and the propellant charge transfer device 27 is swung out, the propellant charges or the ready-portioned propellant charge rods 41 can be ejected laterally in the radial direction from the propellant charge magazine 30 and fed to the weapon.

In order to rotate the portioning unit 21 about the axis of rotation R in the manner described above, a rotary drive 29 is provided, which is arranged at the end of the portioning unit 21 opposite the intermediate storage unit 22 . This rotary drive 29 is designed to be fixed, so that it does not rotate when it rotates. The portioning unit 21 has a storage unit 29.1 via which it is coupled to the rotary drive 29, as is shown in FIG Figure 5c is evident.

In addition to the movement about the axis of rotation R, the portioning unit 21 can also be moved back and forth in the axial direction between two transfer positions A1, A2, as is shown by the illustrations in FIGS Figures 10a and 10b can be seen. Each of the transfer positions A1, A2 is assigned to one of the two magazines 31, 32, so that in the first transfer position A1 propellant charges from the primary magazine 31 via the transfer device 9 assigned to the primary magazine 31 can be transferred to the portioning unit 21, and in the second transfer position A2 corresponding propellant charges from the secondary magazine 32. The portioning unit 21 can be moved back and forth above the two magazines 31, 32 and, depending on its position, can either receive propellant charges from the primary magazine 31 or from the secondary magazine 32.

In the representation of Figure 10a the portioning unit 21 is in the first transfer position A1 above the primary magazine 31, so that in this respect a propellant charge can be exchanged between the portioning unit 21 and the primary magazine 31 with the aid of the transfer device 9. However, an exchange between the secondary magazine 32 and the portioning unit 21 is not possible in this first transfer position A1. For this, the portioning unit 21 according to the representation of the Figure 10b are moved in the linear direction to the left until it is located above the secondary magazine 32. Propellant charges can then be moved between the secondary magazine 32 and the portioning unit 21 via the transfer device 9 assigned to the secondary magazine 32 . The intermediate storage unit 22 connected to the portioning unit 21 then protrudes in the axial direction beyond the magazines 31, 32. The transfer of the propellant charges between the magazines 31, 32 and the portioning unit in the two transfer positions A1, A2 is also based on the arrows in the representations of FIG Figures 10a and 10b apparent.

The portioning unit 21 can thus also be used to move propellant charges between the two magazines 31, 32, completely independently of the actual core task of the portioning unit 21, namely the separation and assembly of propellant charge modules 40 and/or propellant charge rods 41. If further secondary magazines are provided in addition to the primary magazine 31 and the secondary magazine 32, it is possible are approached by the linear movement of the portioning unit 21 of each of the magazines 31, 32 and correspondingly propellant charges are transferred from the respective magazine 31, 32 into the portioning unit 21 or from the portioning unit 21 into the respective magazine 31, 32. Each of the individual magazines 31, 32 is then assigned its own transfer position A1, A2.

To move the portioning unit 21, a linear drive 28 is provided in the 1 and 4 can be seen. The linear drive 28 is mounted on the vehicle and comprises a rotatable threaded spindle on which a threaded nut connected to the intermediate bearing unit 22 is arranged. The intermediate storage unit 22 is coupled to the portioning unit 21 in such a way that it can be moved back and forth via the intermediate storage unit 22 .

The intermediate storage unit 22 and the portioning unit 21 are in an aligned position relative to one another, so that propellant charges can be moved back and forth in the axial direction between the portioning unit 21 and the intermediate storage unit 22 . However, since the propellant charges can only be conveyed in and out of the intermediate storage unit 22 in the axial direction and it is therefore not possible to move propellant charges in the radial direction from the magazines 31, 32 into the intermediate storage unit 22, this is not or does not have to be rotatable about the axis of rotation R. For this reason, the intermediate storage unit 22 and the portioning unit 21 are also rotationally decoupled, so that the portioning unit 21 can be rotated about the axis of rotation R independently of the intermediate storage unit 22 .

The intermediate storage unit 22 is in the representations of Figures 7a and 7b shown without the portioning unit 21 . The intermediate storage unit 22 has a propellant charge holder 33, which is arranged within a cylindrical receiving structure 22.1, into which the propellant charges from the portioning unit 21 can be pushed.

In order to combine several propellant charge modules 40 located in the propellant charge holder 34 of the portioning unit 21 to form a propellant charge rod 41, the several propellant charge modules 40 are replaced by one in the representation of FIG Figure 5a to be recognized joining unit 24 moves in the direction of the intermediate layer unit 22. The joining unit 24 essentially comprises three elements, namely a joining carriage 24.1, a spindle 24.2 and a drive 24.3, via which the spindle 24.2 can be rotated. The joining carriage 24.1 is located behind the last propellant charge module 40 arranged in the propellant charge receptacle 24 of the portioning unit 21 and can be moved back and forth in the axial direction within the portioning unit 21. As can also be seen, the joining carriage 24.1 has a flat geometry and has a size that roughly corresponds to the cross section of the propellant charge module 40, so that it can act on the rearmost propellant charge module 40 over as much of the area as possible and movement does not result in a puncture of the propellant charge module 40.

The joining slide 24.1 is connected via a spindle nut to the spindle 24.2, which extends in the axial direction along the portioning unit 21, so that the joining slide 24.1 moves by rotating the spindle 24.2 and can eject the propellant charges from the propellant charge receptacle 34. The drive 24.3, via which the spindle 24.2 can be rotated and via which the joining carriage 24.1 can also be moved, is arranged on the side of the portioning unit 21 opposite the joining carriage 24.1, so that the joining carriage 24.1 is moved in the direction of the drive 24.3 when the propellant charges are pushed out.

The intermediate storage unit 22 also has a joining unit 25 which is designed very similarly to the joining unit 24 of the portioning device. The joining unit 25 of the intermediate layer unit 22 also essentially consists from a joining carriage 25.1, a spindle 25.2, which extends along the intermediate storage unit 22, and a drive 25.3, via which the spindle 25.2 can be rotated. Since the joining carriage 25.1 is connected to the spindle 24.2 and the spindle 25.2 in the same way as the joining carriage 24.1, the joining carriage 25.1 can be moved back and forth in the axial direction within the intermediate storage unit 22 via the drive 25.3. In the representation of Figure 7a is the joining carriage 25.1 in a rear position in which it rests against the back of the receiving structure 22.1. The joining carriage 25.1 can then be moved in the direction of the portioning unit 21 by rotating the spindle 25.2.

In order to join at least two propellant charge modules 40 to form a propellant charge rod 41, after the propellant charges have been placed in the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 21, the joining carriage 24.1 of the portioning unit 21 is first actuated and the propellant charge modules 40 in the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit are moved in the direction of the intermediate storage unit 22. For this purpose, the holding device 23 of the portioning unit 21 must be released beforehand, so that an axial movement of the propellant charges is made possible. The front propellant charges are then pushed into the intermediate layer unit 22 via the joining slide 24.1. However, the rearmost propellant charge module 40 resting against the joining carriage 24.1 is still located in the portioning unit 21, since the joining carriage 24.1 can only be moved back and forth within the portioning unit 21. In this position, the propellant charge rod 41 that has not yet been assembled then basically extends out of the portioning unit 21 into the intermediate storage unit 22 .

In a next step or possibly at the same time, the joining carriage 25.1 of the intermediate storage unit 22 is moved via the drive 25.3 in the direction of the portioning unit 21 and thus also in the direction of the propellant charges until the joining carriage 25.1 rests against the first propellant charge module 40. The Propellant charge modules 40 that are not yet connected to one another then lie between the two joining slides 24.1, 25.1. By further moving at least one joining carriage 24.1, 25.1, a joining force acting in the axial direction is applied to the propellant charge modules 40, which pushes the propellant charge modules 40 together, so that the respective plug-in or joining contours are pushed together accordingly. Because of the joining force, the individual propellant charge modules 40 are thus joined to form a coherent propellant charge rod 41 .

When the propellant charge modules 40 have been assembled accordingly, they can be pushed back into the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 21 in order to then be stored from there in the manner described above either in one of the magazines 31, 32 or to be fed to the weapon or the weapon barrel via the propellant charge transfer device 27. In order to bring the propellant charges or the propellant charge rod 41 completely back into the portioning unit 21, the intermediate storage unit has an ejection plunger 22.2, which can be moved in the axial direction via a linear drive 22.3. In contrast to the joining carriage 25.1, the ejection plunger 22.2 cannot only be moved within the intermediate storage unit 22 or within the length of the receiving structure 22.1, but it can be moved into the portioning unit 21. This goes hand in hand with the fact that the ejector ram 22.2 is not arranged on a spindle and in this respect a movement in the axial direction is limited by the length of the spindle. Rather, a linear drive 23.3 is provided for the drive, which is arranged behind the ejector ram 22.2 and in this respect allows a movement of the ejector ram 22.2 into the portioning unit 21.

Just like this based on the Figures 7a and 7b As can be seen, the ejector ram 22.2 together with the linear drive 22.3 is pivotably mounted about a pivot axis extending along the intermediate storage unit 22. The Ejector plunger 22.2 can be pivoted downwards into intermediate storage unit 22 from a rest position in which it is arranged next to intermediate storage unit 22 or next to propellant charge receptacle 33 of intermediate storage unit 22, so that it is then located centrally behind the propellant charges. In order to push the propellant charges or the propellant charge modules 40 assembled into a propellant charge rod 41 into the portioning unit 21, they are first pushed by the joining carriage 25.1 as far as possible in the direction of the portioning unit 21 before the joining carriage 25.1 is then retracted. In a next step, the ejector ram 22.2 is folded down so that it is arranged centrally behind or in front of the propellant charges. The assembled propellant charge rod 41 can then be moved completely into the portioning unit 21 by extending the ejection plunger 22.2. In this case, of course, the joining carriage 24.1 of the portioning unit 21 must be retracted before or at the same time as the movement of the ejection plunger 22.2. At the end of the process, the propellant charge modules 40 assembled to form a propellant charge bar 41 are located in the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 21 and this can be transported further from there or, if necessary, further portioned.

In addition to assembling several propellant charge modules 40, the portioning device 21 is also able to separate a propellant charge rod 41 that has already been assembled or, for example, to separate propellant charge modules 40 that have not yet been assembled, so that these can be stored in different magazines 31, 32. A removal head 26 is provided for this purpose, which is arranged between the portioning device 21 and the intermediate storage unit 22 and which, for example, is located in the Figures 5c and 6 can be seen. The removal head 26 can be moved in the axial direction relative to the portioning unit 21 or moved by it, which can be effected, for example, by an electric drive.

The removal head 26 has two clamps 26.1, which are connected to one another via a joint 26.2 and insofar as the in the 6 illustrated pivot axis N are movable relative to each other. At the end opposite the joint 26.2, the two clamps 26.1 are not directly connected to one another, but have a certain distance from one another and can be pulled together via a pneumatically driven clamping mechanism 26.3. The two clamps 26.1 are pivoted about the pivot axis N, which reduces the free cross-section between the clamps 26.1, so that a propellant charge module 40 can be clamped circumferentially between the two clamps 26.1. One of the two clamps 26.1 is fixed and the other clamp 26.1 is connected at the lower end via the joint 26.2 to the first clamp 26.1 and is guided in a slot at the upper end, which allows a relative pivoting movement of the clamp 26.1.

When the two clamps 26.1 are pulled together, the propellant charge module 40 located between the clamps 26.1 can be moved together with the removal head 26 in the axial direction relative to the remaining propellant charge modules 40 that are not fixed in the removal head 26. This is because the remaining propellant charge modules 40 are fixed via the holding device 23 in the portioning unit 21 or in the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 21, so that two propellant charge modules 40 that are in contact with one another and possibly also two that have been joined together can be pulled apart and separated from one another via the axial movement of the removal head 26.

In order to disassemble, for example, a propellant charge rod 41 consisting of six propellant charge modules 40 into two propellant charge rods 41 each consisting of three propellant charge modules 40, the propellant charge rod 41 is first inserted so far into the intermediate storage unit via the joining slide 24.1 22 moves until the third propellant charge module 40 is arranged in the removal head 26 . In a next step, the propellant charge module 40 located in the removal head 26 is fixed by pulling together the two clamps 26.1. The propellant charge modules 40 located in the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 21 are also fixed via the compressed air cushions 23.3, so that the two central propellant charge rods 40 can be pulled apart and separated from one another by means of an axial movement of the removal head 26. The three propellant charge modules 40 remaining in the portioning device 21 can then, in a next step, be added to a weapon, for example, or alternatively be stored in one of the magazines 31, 32. When the propellant charge receptacle 34 of the portioning unit 31 is emptied, the separated propellant charge modules 40 or the separated propellant charge rod 41 can be pushed out of the intermediate storage unit 22 and the removal head 26 into the portioning unit 21 via the ejection plunger 22.2 in the manner described above, although the removal head 26 must first be released again. The propellant charge modules 40 can then also be fed to the weapon or stored in one of the magazines 31, 32.

The representations of Figures 11a to 11c show a propellant charge magazine having a primary magazine 31 and a secondary magazine 32 in a schematic plan view. The two sub-magazines 31, 32 are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction on a side wall of a turret 60 of a military vehicle and they can be designed in the manner described above. A projectile magazine 61 is provided on the side of the turret 60 opposite the propellant charge magazines 31, 32, so that a free space remains in the center of the turret 60. In this free space and next to the sub-magazines 31, 32 there is a further processing unit with a propellant charge receptacle which is arranged such that it can be moved back and forth in a linear direction, as indicated by the double arrows is indicated. The further processing unit can be the portioning device 20 .

In the representation of Figure 11a the portioning unit 21 of the portioning device 20 is located next to the primary magazine 31, so that in this transfer position assigned to the primary magazine 31, propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the primary magazine 31 into the portioning device 20. In the secondary magazine 32 associated transfer position as shown in FIG Figure 11b the portioning unit 21 is located next to the secondary magazine 32, so that in this position corresponding propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be transferred from the secondary magazine 32 into the portioning unit 21. The further processing unit or the portioning device 20 can in this respect optionally be loaded with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods of the primary magazine 31, the secondary magazine 32, but also both sub-magazines 31, 32. The propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can then be further processed together via the further processing unit or the portioning device 20 .

In the representation of 11c the portioning unit 21 equipped with propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods is now in a further transfer position assigned to a weapon 62, in which the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods can be fed from the portioning device 20 to the weapon 62, as indicated by the arrow. The actual charging unit and the rammer, which pushes the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods into the weapon barrel from behind, are not shown for the sake of clarity.

References:

1

lifting unit

1.3

lifting contour

2

backdrop

3

slewing drive

3.1

linkage

5

basic element

6

pivot pin

7

holding device

9

transfer device

10

transfer assembly

20

portioning device

21

portioning unit

21.1

transfer port

22

intermediate storage unit

22.1

intake structure

22.2

expulsion stamp

22.3

linear actuator

23

holding device

23.1

holder

23.2

compressed air connection

23.3

compressed air cushion

24

joining unit

24.1

joining slide

24.2

spindle

24.3

drive

25

joining unit

25.1

joining slide

25.2

spindle

25.3

drive

26

removal head

26.1

clamp

26.2

joint

26.3

clamping mechanism

27

propellant transfer device

28

linear actuator

29

rotary drive

29.1

storage unit

30

magazine

30.1

magazine housing

30.2

base socket

31

primary magazine

32

secondary magazine

33

propellant intake

33.1

pole

34

propellant intake

35

chain drive

36

magazine chain

37.1

upper deflection

37.2

lower deflection

40

propellant module

41

propellant rod

50

loading unit

51

charging cradle

52

drive

52.1

drive spindle

53

unloading unit

53.1

drive

54

feeding unit

55

holding device

56

telescopic rail

60

Tower

61

bullet magazine

62

weapon

A1

transfer positions

A2

transfer positions

B

loading position

E

unloading position

H

lifting axis

K

chain direction

N

pivot axis

P1

parking position

p2

transfer position

R

axis of rotation

Claims (15)

Magazine, in particular propellant charge magazine, with a primary magazine (31) and a secondary magazine (32), which are each designed as a propellant charge carousel to accommodate a plurality of propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41), and a portioning device (20) for separating the propellant charge rods (41) and/or for assembling the propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41),
marked by
a transfer assembly (10) for the selective transfer of propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41) from the primary (31) and/or the secondary magazine (32). Magazine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the transfer assembly (10) can be used to transfer propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41) from the primary (31) and/or the secondary magazine (32) to a further processing unit, in particular the portioning device (20). Magazine according to Claim 2, characterized in that the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device (20), has a propellant charge receptacle, in particular a portioning unit (21) which can be moved linearly back and forth to receive propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41) from the primary magazine (31) and/or from the secondary magazine (32) into various transfer positions (A1, A2). Magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the transfer assembly (10) has two transfer devices (9), with one of the transfer devices (9) being able to transfer propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41) from the primary magazine (31) to the further processing unit, in particular to the portioning device (20), and with the other transfer device (9) propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41) from the secondary magazine (32) can be transferred to the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device (20). Magazine according to Claim 4, characterized in that one transfer device (9) is assigned to the primary magazine (31) and another transfer device (9) to the secondary magazine (32). Magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary magazine (31) and the secondary magazine (32) are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction. Magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the propellant charge holders (33) of the primary magazine (31) and the secondary magazine (32) are arranged parallel to the propellant charge holder (34) of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device (20). Magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the primary magazine (31) and the secondary magazine (32) are designed as identical assemblies. Magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further processing unit, in particular the portioning device (20), is arranged above the primary (31) and the secondary magazine (32). Magazine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the propellant charge holder of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit (21), is arranged next to the primary (31) and/or the secondary magazine (32). Vehicle, in particular military land vehicle, with a magazine (30) according to one of the preceding claims. Vehicle according to Claim 11, characterized in that the primary magazine (31) and the secondary magazine (32) are arranged one behind the other in the axial direction on a side wall of the vehicle. Method for handling propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods with a magazine (30) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by the following steps: - Loading at least one propellant charge holder (33) of the primary magazine (31) or the secondary magazine (32) with propellant charge modules (40) and/or propellant charge rods (41); - Transferring the propellant charge modules (40) and/or the propellant charge rods (41) and in particular further processing of the propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the propellant charge receptacle of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit (21), in addition to the primary magazine (31) and the secondary magazine (32) is linearly reciprocated between two transfer positions (A1, A2). Method according to Claim 14, characterized in that the propellant charge receptacle of the further processing unit, in particular the portioning unit (21), is moved in a linear direction into a further transfer position, in which the received propellant charge modules and/or propellant charge rods are transferred to a weapon (62).

Images