EP4211404A1 - Pompe à chaleur réversible - Google Patents

Pompe à chaleur réversible

Info

Publication number
EP4211404A1
EP4211404A1 EP21783345.8A EP21783345A EP4211404A1 EP 4211404 A1 EP4211404 A1 EP 4211404A1 EP 21783345 A EP21783345 A EP 21783345A EP 4211404 A1 EP4211404 A1 EP 4211404A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
hydraulic circuit
carbon dioxide
circuit
heat pump
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21783345.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP4211404B1 (fr
Inventor
Mauro Mantovan
Fabio Poletto
Andrea TARABOTTI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hiref SpA
Original Assignee
Hiref SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hiref SpA filed Critical Hiref SpA
Publication of EP4211404A1 publication Critical patent/EP4211404A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4211404B1 publication Critical patent/EP4211404B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/04—Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B25/00—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00
    • F25B25/005—Machines, plants or systems, using a combination of modes of operation covered by two or more of the groups F25B1/00 - F25B23/00 using primary and secondary systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B7/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with cascade operation, i.e. with two or more circuits, the heat from the condenser of one circuit being absorbed by the evaporator of the next circuit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
    • F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
    • F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2341/00—Details of ejectors not being used as compression device; Details of flow restrictors or expansion valves
    • F25B2341/001—Ejectors not being used as compression device
    • F25B2341/0012—Ejectors with the cooled primary flow at high pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/23—Separators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/19—Pressures
    • F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
    • F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F25B2700/21161—Temperatures of a condenser of the fluid heated by the condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator
    • F25B2700/21171—Temperatures of an evaporator of the fluid cooled by the evaporator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00—Heat pumps
    • F25B30/06—Heat pumps characterised by the source of low potential heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00—Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a reversible heat pump .
  • this invention relates to a heat pump of the type comprising a first refrigeration circuit traversed by carbon dioxide and comprising, in turn, a first expansion device for reducing the pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide , a first evaporator device designed to receive the incoming carbon dioxide from the first expansion device , a first compressor device designed to receive the incoming carbon dioxide from the first evaporator device , a first cooling device to cool the carbon dioxide coming from the first compressor device , and a second cooling device to cool the carbon dioxide coming from the first cooling device and to feed the outgoing carbon dioxide to the first expansion device .
  • the heat pump further comprises a first hydraulic circuit to feed a source liquid, in this case water or a mix of water and anti freeze , through the first evaporator device and to cause the evaporation of the carbon dioxide .
  • a source liquid in this case water or a mix of water and anti freeze
  • the heat pump has , in addition, a second refrigeration circuit traversed by a refrigerating fluid other than carbon dioxide and comprising, in turn, a second expansion device to reduce the pressure and temperature of the refrigerating fluid and to feed the outgoing refrigerating fluid to the second cooling device , a second compressor device designed to receive the incoming refrigerating fluid from the second cooling device , and a condenser device designed to receive the incoming refrigerating fluid from the second compressor device and to feed the outgoing refrigerating fluid to the second expansion device .
  • the heat pump is also provided with a second hydraulic circuit to heat a utility liquid, in this case water from a heating system, through the first cooling device of the first refrigeration circuit and through the condenser device of the second refrigeration circuit .
  • a utility liquid in this case water from a heating system
  • the known heat pumps of the type described above have some drawbacks mainly deriving from the fact that , when the di f ference in temperature between the utility liquid coming in and going out of the utility is relatively small , the utility liquid traverses the first cooling device of the first refrigeration circuit at a temperature already close to the inlet temperature in the utility .
  • the obj ect of this invention is to provide a reversible heat pump that resolves the drawbacks described above and that is simple and economical to implement .
  • a reversible heat pump is provided, as claimed in the attached claims .
  • the reference number 1 denotes , as a whole , a reversible heat pump that has a first refrigeration circuit 2 traversed by carbon dioxide as a refrigerating fluid .
  • the circuit 2 comprises an expansion device 3 for reducing the pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide ; an evaporator device 4 designed to receive incoming carbon dioxide in the two-phase liquid- vapour mixture state coming from the expansion device 3 and to release outgoing carbon dioxide in the vapour or two-phase liquid- vapour mixture state close to the saturation curve ; a compressor device 5 designed to receive the incoming carbon dioxide in the vapour state or from the evaporator device 4 and to increase the pressure and temperature of the carbon dioxide itsel f ; a first cooling device 6 designed to receive the incoming carbon dioxide from the compressor device 5, and a second cooling device 7 designed to receive the incoming carbon dioxide from the cooling device 6 and to feed the outgoing carbon dioxide to the expansion device 3 .
  • the circuit 2 comprises , in addition, an ej ector device 8 that has a first inlet 9 connected to the cooling device 7 and a second inlet 10 connected to the evaporator device 4 , and a f irst separator device 11 that has an inlet 12 connected to the ej ector device 8 , a first outlet 13 to feed carbon dioxide in the liquid state to the expansion device 3 and a second outlet 14 to feed carbon dioxide in the vapour state to the compressor device 5 .
  • the pressure of the carbon dioxide fed by the ej ector device 8 to the separator device 11 and, thus , to the intake of the compressor device 5 ranges between the pressure of the carbon dioxide fed to the ej ector device 8 through the inlet 9 and the pressure of the carbon dioxide fed to the ej ector device 8 through the inlet 10 .
  • the pressure of the carbon dioxide fed by the ej ector device 8 to the compressor device 5 is greater than the pressure of the carbon dioxide fed by the evaporator device 4 to the ej ector device 8 , the work of the compressor device 5 is relatively reduced .
  • the circuit 2 comprises , in addition, a second separator device S mounted between the compressor device 5 and the cooling device 6 so as to separate the carbon dioxide from the lubrication oil of the compressor device 5 .
  • the heat pump 1 has , in addition, a second refrigeration circuit 15 traversed by a refrigerating fluid other than carbon dioxide and comprising an expansion device 16 to reduce the pressure and temperature of the refrigerating fluid and to feed the outgoing refrigerating fluid through the cooling device 7 so as to cause the refrigerating fluid to evaporate , a compressor device 17 designed to receive the incoming refrigerating fluid coming from the cooling device 7 , and a condenser device 18 designed to receive the incoming refrigerating fluid from the compressor device 17 and to feed the outgoing refrigerating fluid to the expansion device 16 .
  • a second refrigeration circuit 15 traversed by a refrigerating fluid other than carbon dioxide and comprising an expansion device 16 to reduce the pressure and temperature of the refrigerating fluid and to feed the outgoing refrigerating fluid through the cooling device 7 so as to cause the refrigerating fluid to evaporate
  • a compressor device 17 designed to receive the incoming refrigerating fluid coming from the cooling device 7
  • a condenser device 18 designed
  • the heat pump 1 comprises , in addition, a utility 19 traversed by a utility liquid, in this case water from a heating/air conditioning system, and a source 20 traversed by a source liquid, in this case water or a mixture of water and anti freeze .
  • a utility liquid in this case water from a heating/air conditioning system
  • a source 20 traversed by a source liquid, in this case water or a mixture of water and anti freeze .
  • the heat pump 1 is , in addition, configured to operate both according to a winter operating mode , wherein the utility liquid is heated, and according to a summer operating mode , wherein the utility liquid is cooled .
  • the heat pump 1 comprises a first hydraulic circuit 21 for feeding the source liquid along a closed ring path extending through the source 20 and though the evaporator device 4 and making the carbon dioxide of the circuit 2 evaporate .
  • the circuit 21 comprises a first segment 22 extending through the source 20 , and a second segment 23 , which extends through the evaporator device 4 , is connected to the segment 22 at two valve devices 24 , 25, and is equipped with a feeding pump 26 designed to ensure the circulation of the source liquid along the circuit 21 itself .
  • the heat pump 1 comprises , in addition, a second hydraulic circuit 27 for feeding the utility liquid through the utility 19 and through the cooling device 6 of the circuit 2 and the condenser device 18 of the circuit 15 and for heating the utility liquid itsel f .
  • the circuit 27 is configured to feed the utility liquid, in succession and in order, first through the cooling device 6 and, then, through the condenser device 18 .
  • the circuit 27 comprises two portions 28 , 29 closed in a ring, and wherein : the portion 28 extends through the utility 19 and through a heat exchanger 30 , and i s provided with a feeding pump 31 designed to ensure the circulation of the utility liquid along the portion 28 itsel f ; and the portion 29 extends through the cooling device 6 , the condenser device 18 , and the heat exchanger 30 , and is provided with a feeding pump 32 designed to ensure the circulation of the utility liquid along the portion 29 itsel f .
  • the portion 29 comprises a first segment 33 extending between the two valve devices 24 and 25 and through the exchanger 30 , and a second segment 34 extending between the two valve devices 24 and 25 and through the cool ing device 6 and the condenser device 18 .
  • the segment 33 is connected to the segment 23 to define , together with the portion 28 , a hydraulic circuit designed to feed the utility liquid through the evaporator device 4 ;
  • the segment 34 is connected to the segment 22 in order to define a hydraulic circuit designed to feed the source liquid through the cooling device 6 and the condenser device 18 ;
  • the utility liquid is cooled in the evaporator device 4 ;
  • the source liquid is heated in the cooling device 6 and in the condenser device 18 .
  • valve devices 24 , 25 can be moved between respective first operating positions , in which the heat pump 1 operates according to the winter operating mode , and respective second operating positions , in which the heat pump 1 operates according to the summer operating mode .
  • the heat exchanger 30 is eliminated and the portion 28 and the segment 33 are eliminated and replaced with a segment of the circuit 27 extending through the utility 19 and connected to the segment 34 at the valve devices 24 and 25 .
  • the heat pump 1 has some advantages mainly deriving from the fact that the utility liquid is fed in succession first through the cooling device 6 and, then, through the condenser device 18 .
  • the utility liquid temperature in the cooling device 6 is lower than the temperature of the utility liquid in the condenser device 18 , the carbon dioxide in the circuit 2 is additionally cooled by the utility liquid that is at a lower temperature .
  • the cooling of the carbon dioxide in the cooling device 6 is relatively high and, thus , the ef ficiency of the heat pump 1 is relatively high, including when the di f ference in temperature of the utility liquid between the inlet and outlet of the utility 19 is relatively reduced, thanks to the cooling device 7 connected to the circuit 15 that ensures elevated ef ficiency of the carbon dioxide cycle .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Other Air-Conditioning Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une pompe à chaleur réversible qui comporte un premier circuit de réfrigération (2) traversé par du dioxyde de carbone, un premier circuit hydraulique (21) pour alimenter un liquide source à travers un dispositif évaporateur (4) du premier circuit de réfrigération (2) et pour provoquer l'évaporation du dioxyde de carbone, un second circuit de réfrigération (15) traversé par un fluide frigorigène, et un second circuit hydraulique (27) pour chauffer un liquide utilitaire en l'amenant successivement et dans l'ordre tout d'abord à travers un dispositif de refroidissement (6) du premier circuit de réfrigération (2) et, ainsi, à travers un dispositif condenseur (18) du second circuit de réfrigération (15).
EP21783345.8A 2020-09-07 2021-09-07 Pompe à chaleur réversible Active EP4211404B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT202000021097 2020-09-07
PCT/IB2021/058132 WO2022049563A1 (fr) 2020-09-07 2021-09-07 Pompe à chaleur réversible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4211404A1 true EP4211404A1 (fr) 2023-07-19
EP4211404B1 EP4211404B1 (fr) 2024-07-17

Family

ID=73699195

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21783345.8A Active EP4211404B1 (fr) 2020-09-07 2021-09-07 Pompe à chaleur réversible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4211404B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022049563A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012012496A2 (fr) * 2010-07-23 2012-01-26 Carrier Corporation Séparateur de réfrigérant à cycle d'éjection
JP5595521B2 (ja) * 2010-12-07 2014-09-24 三菱電機株式会社 ヒートポンプ装置
GB2567333B (en) * 2016-08-02 2020-06-24 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Heat pump apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4211404B1 (fr) 2024-07-17
WO2022049563A1 (fr) 2022-03-10

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