Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
  • B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
  • B61C15/08—Preventing wheel slippage
  • B61C15/10—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials
  • B61C15/102—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials with sanding equipment of mechanical or fluid type, e.g. by means of steam
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
  • B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
  • B61C15/08—Preventing wheel slippage
  • B61C15/10—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials

Definitions

• Pneumatic sand conveying device for a sanding system of a rail vehicle, sanding system and method for operating a pneumatic sand conveying device
• the present approach relates to a pneumatic sand conveying device for a sanding system of a rail vehicle, a sanding system with a pneumatic sand conveying device and a method for operating a pneumatic sand conveying device.
• sanding systems are used to put sand on the rail in front of the wheel rolling over it or directly into the wheel rail gap in order to increase the coefficient of friction between wheel and rail.
• sand is drawn from a sand storage container, ideally at its lowest point, and dosed accordingly and conveyed on by means of sand conveying devices, or sand dosing and conveying devices.
• the distance between this lowest point and the outlet of the sand conveyor has a direct influence on the volume of the sand storage container and should therefore be as small as possible.
• the object of the present approach is to create an improved pneumatic sand conveying device for a sanding system of a rail vehicle, an improved sanding system with a pneumatic sand conveying device and a method for operating an improved pneumatic sand conveying device.
• a particularly compact sand conveying device is created in which a distance between a position of a sand inlet, at which sand is drawn from a sand storage container during operation of the sand conveying device, and a position of a sand outlet of the sand conveying device in particular is low and thereby, for example, the use of a larger sand storage container, which can also be referred to as a sand box, is made possible.
• a pneumatic sand conveying device for a sanding system of a rail vehicle is presented, the sand conveying device having the following features:
• a hurdle device fluidly coupled to a sand inlet for receiving sand from a sand storage tank, the hurdle device being shaped to form a hurdle between the sand inlet and a mixing device fluidly coupled to the hurdle device.
• the sand conveying device has the mixing device for receiving and forwarding sand from the hurdle device by means of compressed air and an outlet device fluidically coupled to the mixing device for dispensing the sand from the sand conveyor device through a sand outlet, the hurdle device, the mixing device and the outlet device being in an operational state of the sand conveyor are arranged in a horizontal plane.
• the horizontal arrangement has the advantage that the sand conveying device can be very compact and the difference in height from the sand inlet of the sand conveying device to the sand outlet is significantly lower than is possible with an arrangement arranged vertically one below the other in the ready-to-operate state. Accordingly, when attached to a rail vehicle with the largest possible sand storage container, the greatest possible distance from the rails can be maintained.
• the sand conveying device can also be used for conveying another free-flowing material other than sand be trained.
• the hurdle device, the mixing device and the outlet device can be arranged within a common housing.
• these devices or parts of the devices can also be incorporated directly into the housing, as a result of which a one-piece and additionally or alternatively cuboid formation of the sand conveying device can be achieved.
• a maximum height of the sand conveying device can be smaller than a maximum depth and additionally or alternatively a maximum width of the sand conveying device.
• the hurdle device, the mixing device and the outlet device can be arranged next to one another on a horizontal plane when ready for operation, as a result of which the width and additionally or alternatively the depth of the sand conveying device is greater than the height.
• the position at which the sand conveying device draws the sand should ideally correspond to the lowest point of the sand storage container so that the sand supply can be fully utilized. As a result, the volume of the sand storage container can turn out to be larger, the deeper the lowest point of the sand storage container is, with otherwise the same dimensions.
• the position of the sand outlet of the sand conveying device should not be too low, otherwise the height difference between this sand outlet of the sand conveying device and a sand hose or pipe outlet close to the rail is too small for an optimal and process-reliable sand discharge.
• the distance between the sand inlet and the sand outlet of the sand conveying device can advantageously be kept to a minimum.
• the diameter of the sand outlet can essentially correspond to a maximum height of the sand conveying device.
• the height of the sand conveyor can only be determined by the diameter of the Sand output and a sand hose or pipe connected there are determined, whereby advantageously the height of the sand conveying device can be very low and the sand conveying device can be very compact overall.
• the statement "essentially” can in particular denote a deviation in length specifications of up to +/- 20%.
• the sand inlet and the sand outlet can be arranged essentially perpendicular to one another.
• the sand inlet can be arranged, for example, on the main surface of the sand conveying device in order to receive the sand from the lowest point of the sand storage container arranged above.
• the sand outlet can be arranged, for example, on one side of the sand conveying device.
• the hurdle device can comprise a labyrinth unit arranged towards the mixing device with a blade and a step, wherein the labyrinth unit can be shaped in order to prevent the sand from running out of the hurdle device into the mixing device.
• the hurdle device can have a recess milled into the housing, with the step being able to be formed towards the side of the mixing device.
• the leaflet can protrude slightly offset towards this step, so that a square gap or channel remains open.
• the labyrinth unit arranged in this way can prevent sand from the hurdle device from automatically penetrating into the mixing device, while at the same time it can be ensured that the sand can be sucked into the mixing device, which can also be referred to as a mixing chamber, for example by means of negative pressure.
• the hurdle device
• the drain screw can be arranged, for example, on the side of the hurdle device opposite the sand inlet and can additionally or alternatively be flush with the housing of the sand conveying device when it is closed.
• the drain screw can be opened if, for example, the sand is to be completely drained from the hurdle device for service purposes.
• the sand conveying device can have a throttle which is arranged between a sanding compressed air connection for providing the compressed air and the mixing device, the throttle being designed to throttle the compressed air.
• the throttle can be used when the compressed air supplied is to be reduced to a certain extent or when a flow rate of the compressed air is to be reduced. This has the advantage that the output of the sand can be dosed as precisely as possible by restricting the supply of compressed air if necessary.
• the outlet device can have a hose connection arranged at the sand outlet, which is arranged axially to a nozzle arranged in the mixing device for supplying compressed air, in particular wherein the hose connection tapers in its interior and additionally or alternatively can be shaped as a Laval nozzle and additionally or alternatively may comprise a Laval nozzle.
• the compressed air can flow from the sanding compressed air connection and optionally through a throttle through the nozzle.
• the nozzle can generate a negative pressure in the mixing device in conjunction with the hose connector, which is designed as a Laval nozzle, for example.
• This negative pressure can draw sand through the labyrinth assembly out of the hurdle device into which the sand may previously have entered by gravity from the sand reservoir.
• the sand can mix with the air from the nozzle and accelerate in the direction of the sand outlet and be conveyed further through the hose connector and a connected sand hose.
• the shape of the hose connector as a Laval nozzle or the integration of a Laval nozzle is special advantageous to generate the required negative pressure.
• the sand conveying device can comprise a blow-out compressed air connection for providing a blow-out compressed air for blowing out the mixing device, wherein the blow-out compressed air connection can be arranged essentially perpendicularly to the hose connector and the nozzle.
• the blow-out compressed air can be applied to the blow-out compressed air connection, which can also be referred to as blow-out compressed air connection.
• the air flow can be divided in the direction of the outlet device and in the direction of the hurdle device. This means that part of the air can flow through the hose connector and, for example, a connected sand hose and blow out the sand that is still present in this area.
• this makes it easy to clean the hose connector and a connected sand hose.
• another part of the air can flow via the labyrinth unit, for example into the sand storage container, and thus loosen or fluidize the sand present in the hurdle device and in the vicinity of the sand conveying device.
• compressed air can optionally also be applied to the sanding compressed air connection. This has the advantage that no grains of sand can get into the nozzle and thus cannot clog it.
• the distribution of the air flow can be influenced in favor of the air flow through the hose connection. This can be an advantage with long sand hoses, which represent a higher air resistance.
• the sand conveying device can have a heating element arranged on the compressed air sanding connection and additionally or alternatively on the compressed air blow-out connection for heating the supplied compressed air and additionally or alternatively on the compressed air blow-out.
• the air can be heated and the sand can be heated and dried by the warm air. This has the advantage that the sand is protected against penetrating moisture and additionally or alternatively cold, for example in the winter months, can be protected.
• the sand conveying device can comprise a compensating air duct for compensating for negative pressure occurring in the mixing device, in particular with the compensating air duct being able to be fluidically coupled to the hurdle device via a second labyrinth unit.
• the compensating air duct can also be referred to as a secondary air duct and can be arranged, for example, on one side of the hurdle device.
• the equalizing air duct Via a second labyrinth unit, which, as in the labyrinth unit described above, can comprise a step and a leaflet, the equalizing air duct can connect a equalizing air inlet, which can also be referred to as a secondary air inlet, to the hurdle device.
• this second labyrinth unit can prevent sand from getting into the environment via the equalizing air duct, while at the same time allowing air (incorrect air) to flow from the equalizing air inlet to the equalizing air duct.
• the compensating air duct can be designed to be closable, for example, in order to advantageously enable pressure equalization in the hurdle device when this is required.
• an undesired negative pressure in the hurdle device can also be compensated for by air flowing in from the sand storage container and further from the environment via, for example, secondary air openings in the sand storage container.
• a sanding system with a variant of the pneumatic sand conveying device described above and a sand storage container for storing sand is presented, in particular wherein a main surface of the sand conveying device can be coupled or formed so that it can be coupled to the sand storage container.
• the main surface of the sand conveying device can be sealed off from the sand storage container, for example by means of a suitable seal, in order to prevent undesired ingress of air.
• a method for operating a variant of a previously described pneumatic sand conveying device comprising the step of supplying pressurized air into the mixing device of the sand haulage device to cause ejection of sand from the outlet device of the sand haulage device.
• compressed air can be fed into the hurdle device of the sand conveyor device in order to cause sand to be blown out of the hurdle device, mixing device and outlet device of the sand conveyor device.
• compressed air can be fed into the mixing device of the sand conveying device with simultaneous feeding of compressed air into the hurdle device of the sand conveying device in order to cause sand to be ejected from the outlet device of the sand conveying device with increased conveying air.
• This method can be implemented, for example, in software or hardware or in a mixed form of software and hardware, for example in a control unit.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a pneumatic sand conveying device with a hurdle device, mixing device and discharge device;
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sand conveying device
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sand conveying device with a compensation air duct
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic illustration of a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a sand conveying device with a throttle and a blow-off compressed air connection
• 5 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sanding system
• FIG. 6 shows a flow chart of an exemplary embodiment of a method for operating a variant of a sand conveying device presented here.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a pneumatic sand conveying device 100 with a hurdle device 105, a mixing device 110 and an outlet device 115.
• a hurdle device 105 which can also be referred to as hurdle, mixer and outlet, are included in this embodiment indicated lines are shown separately from each other.
• the hurdle device 105, mixing device 110 and discharge device 115 are arranged in a horizontal plane in an operational state 140 of the sand conveying device 100 shown here.
• the hurdle device 105, mixing device 110 and outlet device 115 are also arranged in a housing 120, the height 125 of the housing 120, and thus of the entire sand conveying device 100, according to this exemplary embodiment being smaller than the depth 130 of the housing 120 and here also smaller than the width 135 of the housing 120, for example.
• Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of an embodiment of a sand conveying device 100.
• This can be the sand conveying device 100 described in Fig. 1, with the difference that the limits of the hurdle device 105, mixing device 110 and outlet device 115 are not defined as in Figure 1 by additional lines are to be emphasized.
• the Hurdle device 105 is fluidically coupled to a sand inlet 200 for receiving sand from a sand storage container, not shown here, wherein the hurdle device 105 is shaped to form a hurdle between the sand inlet 200 and the mixing device 110 fluidically coupled to the hurdle device 105.
• the mixing device 110 is designed to receive and forward sand from the hurdle device 105 by means of compressed air.
• the outlet device 115 is fluidically coupled to the mixing device 110 and is designed to discharge the sand from the sand conveyor device 100 through a sand outlet 203 .
• a main surface 204 of the housing 120 comprises a seal 205 for sealing off the sand conveying device 100 from the sand storage container.
• the main surface 204 of the housing 120 is a surface which is largest compared to other surfaces of the housing 120 .
• the main surface 204 is shown partially open in order to enable a detailed representation of the components arranged underneath. Using mounting holes 207, the main surface 204 and with it the entire sand conveying device 100 can be coupled to the sand storage container.
• the hurdle device 105 is formed as a recess in the housing 120 which, according to an exemplary embodiment, is milled into the housing 120 .
• a drain screw 210 is arranged in the lower area of the hurdle device 105, which provides the possibility of draining sand for service purposes.
• a step 215 protruding from a bottom of the housing 120 and a small plate 220 protruding slightly offset and protruding in the opposite direction are arranged on a side of the hurdle device 105 arranged essentially centrally in the sand conveying device 100 .
• the step 215 and leaflet 220 constitute a labyrinth unit 225.
• the labyrinth unit 225 can prevent the sand from inadvertently continuing to flow into the mixing device 110. At the same time, however, it is possible to to actively suck through an opening between step 215 and leaflet 220, for example by means of negative pressure.
• the mixing device 110 arranged next to the hurdle device 105 comprises a nozzle 230 by means of which compressed air can be introduced into the mixing device 110 .
• the mixing device 110 is, for example, drilled or milled into the housing 120 in the same way as the hurdle device 105 , with the nozzle 230 being arranged axially with respect to the mixing device 110 . With this system of mixing device 110 and nozzle 230, sand can be sucked out of the sand storage container via the hurdle device 105 by means of vacuum, dosed accordingly and conveyed further through the outlet device 115.
• the outlet device 115 comprises a hose connector 235 which is arranged at the sand outlet 203 and is aligned axially with respect to the nozzle 230 .
• the hose connector 235 is tapered on the inside, for example, or also designed as a Laval nozzle, so that a suction effect of the nozzle 230 can be intensified.
• a Laval nozzle is installed as a separate part in a cavity of the hose connector 235 .
• the sand conveying device 100 shown here advantageously implements a compact sand dosing and conveying device with a horizontal sand outlet 203.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sand conveying device 100 with a compensating air duct 300.
• This can be an exemplary embodiment of the sand conveying device 100 described in FIG.
• a pressure equalization can be implemented.
• the compensating air duct 300 is arranged on the opposite side of the hurdle device 105 from the labyrinth unit 225 and as a second labyrinth unit 305 with a second step 310 and a second leaflet 315 shaped.
• a compensating air inlet 320 which can also be referred to as a false air inlet
• air can be guided from an outer area of the sand conveying device 100 to a compensating air outlet 325, which can also be referred to as a false air outlet, in the hurdle device 105.
• the second labyrinth unit 305 represents a hurdle, so that no sand from the hurdle device 105 can get into the environment via the compensating air duct 300 .
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of a sand conveying device 100 with a throttle 400 and a blow-out compressed air connection 405.
• This can be an exemplary embodiment of the sand conveying device 100 described in FIG. 1, 2 or 3.
• the throttle 400 is arranged between a sanding compressed air connection 410 , which can also be referred to as sanding compressed air connection, and the nozzle 230 .
• the throttle 400 can reduce the pressure at the sanding compressed air connection 410 and thus achieve a desired lower suction power and corresponding sand metering.
• the compressed air blast connection 405 is arranged on the mixing device 110 in this exemplary embodiment, which can also be referred to as the compressed air connection for blowing out, with the compressed air blast connection 405 being arranged perpendicularly to the nozzle 230 according to this exemplary embodiment. Blow-out compressed air can be applied to the blow-out compressed air connection 405, by means of which sand can be blown out of the sand conveying device 100, for example for cleaning purposes.
• a heating element 415 is also arranged on the blow-out compressed air connection 405 in order to heat the blow-out compressed air and thus dry the sand and/or the sand conveying device 100 and/or to be able to protect the sand conveying device 100 and the sand from icing.
• the air flow can be divided, for example, in the direction of the outlet device 115 and in the direction of the hurdle device 105, so that part of the blow-out compressed air flows through the hose connector 235 and the sand that is still present in this area can blow out. Another part of the blow-out compressed air can flow via the hurdle device 105 and the sand inlet 200 into the sand storage container and loosen the sand present in the hurdle device 105 . If the air is additionally heated by the heating element 415, the sand can also be heated and dried by the warm compressed air that is blown out.
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic representation of an exemplary embodiment of a sanding system 500.
• the sanding system 500 has the pneumatic sand conveying device 100 described in one of the preceding figures and the sand storage container 505 for storing sand.
• the main surface of the sand conveyor 100 is coupled to the sand storage container 505 by way of example only.
• the sand storage container 505 is arranged on a rail vehicle 510 and is coupled to the sand conveying device 100 at its lowest point.
• a sand hose 515 leads from the sand conveying device 100 to a wheel 520 of the rail vehicle 510 , the wheel 520 being arranged on a rail 525 .
• the coefficient of friction between the wheel 520 and the rail 525 can be increased or brought to an originally higher value.
• the traction and the braking of the rail vehicle 510 can be improved by this measure.
• FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of an embodiment of a method 600 for operating a variant of one of the sand conveyor devices 100 described in one of the previous figures.
• the method 600 includes a step 605 of supplying compressed air to the mixing device of the sand conveyor device in order to eject sand from the outlet device to effect the sand conveyor.
• the method 600 according to this exemplary embodiment also includes, before the step 605 of supplying, a step 610 of providing, in which the sand conveying device is provided.
• compressed air can be fed 615 into the hurdle device of the sand conveyor device in order to blow sand out of the hurdle device, mixing device and outlet device of the sand conveyor device to effect.
• compressed air can be fed 605 into the mixing device of the sand conveying device with simultaneous feeding of compressed air into the hurdle device of the sand conveying device in order to cause sand to be ejected from the outlet device of the sand conveying device with increased conveying air.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Air Transport Of Granular Materials (AREA)
• Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=77801684

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Family Cites Families (15)

• 2020
  • 2020-08-31 DE DE102020122640.3A patent/DE102020122640B3/de active Active
• 2021
  • 2021-08-30 CN CN202180052912.1A patent/CN115989167A/zh active Pending
  • 2021-08-30 CA CA3192026A patent/CA3192026A1/en active Pending
  • 2021-08-30 EP EP21772719.7A patent/EP4204272A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-08-30 WO PCT/EP2021/073867 patent/WO2022043546A1/de unknown
• 2022
  • 2022-08-30 US US18/024,044 patent/US20230278597A1/en active Pending

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events