EP4169115A1 - Module de batterie de stockage - Google Patents

Module de batterie de stockage

Info

Publication number
EP4169115A1
EP4169115A1 EP22712339.5A EP22712339A EP4169115A1 EP 4169115 A1 EP4169115 A1 EP 4169115A1 EP 22712339 A EP22712339 A EP 22712339A EP 4169115 A1 EP4169115 A1 EP 4169115A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
accumulator
accumulator module
filter mat
cells
battery
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22712339.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Schnakenberg
Guido Schmülling
Konstantin Schaller
Lars Hollenbrink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commeo GmbH
Original Assignee
Commeo GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commeo GmbH filed Critical Commeo GmbH
Publication of EP4169115A1 publication Critical patent/EP4169115A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/211—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for pouch cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/394—Gas-pervious parts or elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/502—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing
    • H01M50/503—Interconnectors for connecting terminals of adjacent batteries; Interconnectors for connecting cells outside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the interconnectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/531—Electrode connections inside a battery casing
    • H01M50/533—Electrode connections inside a battery casing characterised by the shape of the leads or tabs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a battery module with a multiple number of battery cells.
  • Battery modules with a plurality of battery cells are known per se, for example from EP 3 472 877 A, EP 3472 878 A or EP 3475 998 A.
  • one object of the present invention is to specify a rechargeable battery module that is improved in this respect and has a plurality of rechargeable battery cells.
  • Accumulator modules which are designed in a special way to reduce the risk of fire, are known, for example, from WO 2019/121641 A, WO 2020/047846 A, DE 102014 012 568 A, DE 102018 133 426 A1, EP 2430 682 B, US 2019/140233 A, KR 102072 098 B, DE 102019 120 708 A1, DE 20 2014 008 336 U and US 2017 /0214 103 A known.
  • Encapsulated accumulator modules have a gas-tight housing that is closed on all sides and are primarily intended for use in the automotive sector.
  • a multilayer thermal insulation element for the thermal insulation of a battery is proposed first and foremost. This comprises at least one heat-resistant fiber layer.
  • a group of battery cells referred to there as battery cells
  • the thermal insulation element is located between individual battery cells or between groups of battery cells. Another thermal insulation element is located across the entire surface above the battery cells. An opening is provided in the thermal insulation element located above the battery cells for the gas outlet.
  • WO 2020/047846 A also discloses a multi-layer thermal insulation element for the thermal insulation of an accumulator module. This is also intended for use in or on a housing of the battery module and between individual battery cells.
  • the accumulator module proposed in DE 102014 012 568 A has the accumulator cells (galvanic cells) in a dimensionally stable casing with an internal separating device. The casings have openings through which gases produced when a galvanic cell fails can escape after passing through the separating device. The openings impose an outflow direction on the exiting gases.
  • the material of the separating device should adsorb particles carried along by the gases escaping. In the flow direction of the escaping gases, there is also a breakdown barrier which is permeable to the escaping gases and which, however, holds back glowing particles or flames carried along by the gases.
  • the accumulator module proposed in EP 2430 682 B (referred to there as a battery unit) comprises a stack of flat cells between which there are cooling plates which have at least one angled edge, the edges of neighboring cooling plates being angled in the same direction and partially overlapping one another , with which gas escaping from a cell is to be deflected to the side.
  • the accumulator module proposed in US 2019/140233 A comprises a plurality of round cells aligned parallel to one another, the round cells being surrounded by a thermal insulation material, the thermal insulation material between the round cells having channels for air to flow through, but also for hot gases escaping in the event of damage .
  • the object mentioned at the outset is achieved according to the invention by means of a battery, referred to here and below as an accumulator module, with the features of claim 1 .
  • the accumulator module (the battery) has a housing and in the Ge housing a plurality of rechargeable battery cells (battery cells). the Battery cells each have at least one weak point--in principle, it is known per se.
  • the Ak kumulatormodul also has in the housing - so inside the housing - a cover layer above the battery cells.
  • the special feature of the battery module proposed here consists, on the one hand, in the type of cover layer, which comprises at least one fully gas-permeable and fully flame-retardant filter mat section and which is placed inside the housing of the battery module below a housing upper part that allows gas to escape from the interior of the battery module, and on the other hand other in the position of the or each filter mat section relative to the weak points of the cells comprised by the accumulator module Ak.
  • the upper housing part which allows gas to escape from the interior of the accumulator module, preferably has large-area openings, openings, bores, slots or the like. In the event of damage, this causes the gas to escape from inside the accumulator module.
  • the gas escapes first through the at least one fully gas-permeable and fully flameproof filter mat section and then through the openings, breakthroughs, holes, slots or the like in the upper part of the housing.
  • the openings, openings, bores, slots or the like are permanently open in the sense of enabling gas to escape, unlike a valve or the like, for example.
  • a weak point in a battery cell is, for example, a defined function of the cell housing, i.e. a predetermined breaking point, or a function of an integrated component, such as a valve, or the technically weakest point of a ner respective outer casing (outer shell) of a battery cell le.
  • gas usually very hot gas, escapes from the battery cell in the area of a failing weak point.
  • the region of a transition between a casing of the battery cell and a metal tab that penetrates the casing and acts as a contact element is a weak point.
  • the respective weak point of a battery cell is not necessarily an objective feature of a battery cell, even if the reason for a weak point can be, for example, a notch or the like in the casing or a section of the casing of the battery cell.
  • the weak point results from a material transition, namely from the transition from the material of the casing to the material of the metal tab. In the event of a pressure increase inside the battery cell, this area is the technically weakest point of the battery cell, so that designating this area as a weak point is justified.
  • Other battery cells for example round cells or prismatic cells, also have material or construction-related weak points.
  • the cover layer comprises precisely one or at least one filter mat section which is gas-permeable over the entire surface and flame-proof over the entire surface.
  • the cover layer comprises precisely one or at least one filter mat section which is gas-permeable over the entire surface and flame-proof over the entire surface.
  • this is located over the full area and evenly spaced above all (all) or essentially all weak points of the battery cells comprised by the battery module.
  • filter mat section over the weak points of all or essentially all of the battery cells included in the accumulator module, in particular either over one or each individual weak point or over essentially all weak points exactly one filter mat section or over one or more groups of weak points exactly a filter mat section, so that a filter mat section is located evenly spaced over all or at least essentially over all weak points.
  • Mixed configurations are possible, such that there is exactly one filter mat section over at least one individual weak point and/or exactly one filter mat section over at least one group of weak points. If the at least one filter mat section is placed over essentially all weak points, i.e.
  • the filter mat section or a filter mat section is evenly spaced from the weak points over which it is located, in that the distances from each weak point to the filter mat section are the same or at least essentially the same, ie in the range of position-dependent tolerances.
  • the cover layer thus comprises at least one special filter mat section with the properties mentioned.
  • the filter mat section can be so large that it forms the entire top layer. Otherwise, the at least one filter mat section is integrated into the cover layer or connected to the cover layer and extends in the plane of the cover layer.
  • the cover layer can comprise exactly one filter mat section, for example a strip-shaped filter mat section, or a plurality of individual filter mat sections, which are integrated into the cover layer, for example, along a line or in a matrix-like manner.
  • the or each filter mat section is placed as close as possible to these weak points, namely as close as possible to the weak points of all the batteries included in the accumulator module.
  • the or each filter mat section is placed as close as possible to the areas of the accumulator cells with the respective material transitions described above. Hot gas escaping from a weak point thus arrives as quickly as possible, namely by the shortest route, to the filter mat section or sections located above the weak point, passes through it and flows out of the accumulator module.
  • the relative terms “above” and “above” are based on the fact that in a damage event, gas escaping in the area of a weak point is very hot and therefore rises. The rise takes place inside the accumulator module.
  • the cover layer with the at least one filter mat section is located there over the battery cells and is evenly spaced from their weak points. In the event of damage, the gas rises inside the accumulator module from a battery cell in relation to the cover layer in a lower area of the accumulator module to the cover layer in relation to the battery cells in an upper area of the accumulator module, i.e. rises upwards.
  • the special feature of the proposed rechargeable battery module is that within the housing and above the rechargeable battery cells, the weak points of all rechargeable battery cells included in the rechargeable battery module are tenabitess are each fully covered.
  • the or each filter mat section acts as a fire protection element and is fully gas permeable and fully flameproof.
  • the or each filter mat section therefore allows gases that are produced inside the accumulator module, in particular hot gases that escape from a battery cell in the event of damage, to pass through.
  • the or each filter mat section completely holds back any flames that may arise inside the accumulator module and does not let them through (flame-proof).
  • the advantage of the proposed accumulator module lies in the guidance of any gases that may escape (in the event of damage, gases escaping from one battery cell or from several battery cells). Because of their temperature, such gases rise inside the accumulator module and thus reach the cover layer located above the accumulator cells and the at least one filter mat section located there. Because the cover layer uses the at least one filter mat section to completely cover the weak points of all the battery cells included in the accumulator module, rising gases reach the at least one filter mat section and from there out of the accumulator module as quickly as possible by simply rising. With exactly one filter mat section, the rising gases reach the area of the filter mat section located directly above the affected weak point by rising. If there are several filter mat sections, the rising gases reach the filter mat section located above the affected weak point by ascending.
  • the advantage of the proposed accumulator module is that the or each filter mat section is gas-permeable over its entire surface.
  • a needle mat for example, can be used as a material for this, in particular a needle mat based on SiO 2 glass fibers. Irrespective of which battery cell of the battery module gases escape from in the event of damage, they can flow out of the battery module through the gas-permeable at least one filter mat section without additionally burdening neighboring battery cells or other heat-sensitive components such as cables, printed circuit boards, etc. with thermal energy. Irrespective of which battery cell releases gases in the event of damage, these gases always take the shortest route upwards within the battery module, i.e.
  • the advantage of the proposed accumulator module is, furthermore, that the or each filter mat section, in addition to full-surface gas permeability, is also full-surface flameproof. In any case, if gases released inside the accumulator module ignite, long flames will not escape to the outside.
  • the fire protection guaranteed in this way generally prevents danger to people and property in the area of the accumulator module, in that in the event of damage escaping gases in the accumulator module rise (and can rise) by the shortest possible route to the cover layer and there through the at least one filter mat section and out of the battery module. This prevents other battery cells of the same accumulator module from going through, or at least delays it.
  • This fire protection for an individual accumulator module also prevents (prevents or at least delays) a thermal runaway of individual or several accumulator cells of one or several possible adjacent further accumulator modules and thus prevents or delays a potentially dangerous chain reaction.
  • the all-over flame arrestance of the at least one filter mat section naturally includes the fact that the or each filter mat section is non-combustible or at least difficult to ignite.
  • a non-combustible or at least flame-retardant material is, for example, a needle fleece, in particular a needle fleece based on SiO2 glass fibers, for example a needle fleece made from drawn, amorphous silicate fibers with an SiO2 content greater than 94% and a proportion of 1 -3% aluminum dioxide, considered.
  • the at least one filter mat section of the cover layer does not function as a thermal insulation element intended for thermal insulation. ment, but on the contrary as a passage element, namely as a passage element for gases that may arise in the event of damage, with the outflow of such possibly very hot gases through the at least one filter mat section and out of the accumulator module, specifically also cooling of the accumulator module takes place.
  • the battery module proposed here has exactly one cover layer with a flat or at least essentially flat extension, which extends above all the battery cells included in the battery module and which has at least one filter mat section with the properties described above.
  • the battery module proposed here is primarily provided with a cover layer that covers/covers all battery cells. This difference compared to the prior art is particularly well suited for pointing out that the proposed accumulator module covering the battery cells by means of the cover layer and the at least one filter mat section there can also be referred to as covering the battery cells.
  • the covering of the battery cells caused by the cover layer therefore expressly means no direct contact with the battery cells.
  • this includes battery cells in the form of so-called pouch cells. These have their weak point in the area of a transition between a casing of the rechargeable battery cell and a metal tab that passes through the casing and acts as a contact element.
  • Exactly one filter mat section of the cover layer is placed in the immediate vicinity of the weak points of all battery cells (pouch cells) included in the battery module. If there are several filter mat sections, these are placed in the immediate vicinity of each weak point of all battery cells (pouch cells) included in the accumulator module (exactly one filter mat section over each weak point and/or exactly one filter mat section over groups of weak points). In this way, the advantages described above are also guaranteed in the case of an accumulator module equipped with pouch cells.
  • the accumulator module preferably includes the accumulator cells, in particular in the form of so-called pouch cells, in the housing in a vertical orientation and in layers next to one another.
  • the metal tabs of all battery cells that act as contact elements (poles) point upwards inside the battery module and are all located in an area inside the battery module that is referred to as the contact area to distinguish it, because the metal tabs in this area are also in contacted in this area.
  • this contact area is subdivided by bulkheads and the bulkheads and the contact area are completely covered by the cover layer and the at least one filter mat section it includes.
  • each two adjacent bulkheads form a chimney-like channel in the direction of the top layer immediately above and the at least one filter mat section there.
  • the bulkheads in the contact area prevent rising gases from spreading horizontally.
  • the accumulator cells are combined in pairs to form cell packages and all of the cell packages enclosed by the accumulator module are pressed between two end plates belonging to the accumulator module.
  • Each bulkhead ie the wall elements segmenting the contact area, is aligned (aligned or at least substantially aligned) with an intermediate layer between the cell stacks.
  • exactly as many bulkheads can be provided in the contact area as there are partitions between the cell stacks. then one bulkhead is exactly aligned with each intermediate layer.
  • the number of bulkheads can also be less than the number of partitions. Then the bulkheads are still aligned with an intermediate layer, but in the case of individual intermediate layers there is no bulkhead flush with this.
  • the bulkheads are regularly spaced along the cell stacks compressed between the end plates.
  • the metal tabs of the battery cells can be contacted by means of comb-like contact elements, in which the comb-like structure results from the fact that they have a plurality of contact fingers, and can be contacted by means of these contact elements when the battery module is ready for operation contacted.
  • the contact elements grip the contact area from the side. Only the contact fingers are then located there, and a part of the contact elements connecting the contact fingers is located at the outermost edge of the contact area or entirely or at least partially outside the contact area. This leaves the contact area as free as possible for rising gases in the event of damage. Rising gases can therefore continue to reach the top layer and at least one filter mat section as directly as possible.
  • the contact area that remains as free as possible for rising gases also ensures that undesirable formation of vortices in the rising gases largely does not occur.
  • the bulkheads also prevent ultimately unavoidable forming vortices in the rising gases horizontal spread of the rising gases.
  • this has a functional space for heat-sensitive electronic components, printed circuit boards, lines and the like.
  • the functional space is sealed off from the contact area, in which gases arising in the event of damage rise to the cover layer and to the at least one filter mat section located there.
  • the foreclosure is preferably provided by means of an end plate delimiting the accumulator module core on one side.
  • FIG. 1 shows an accumulator module
  • FIG. 2 shows the accumulator module according to FIG. 1 with essential components in an exploded view
  • FIG. 3 shows a battery module core located inside the battery module according to FIG. 1 with end plates attached on both sides,
  • FIG. 5 shows an individual battery cell, namely a battery cell in the form of a pouch cell
  • FIG. 6 shows the accumulator module core with the accumulator cells (pouch cells) contained therein and with contact elements intended for contacting the accumulator cells,
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 an accumulator module according to the principle of the accumulator module according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 and with accumulator cells in the form of prismatic cells
  • 11 shows an accumulator module according to the principle of the accumulator module according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 and with accu cells in the form of round cells
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 an accumulator module according to the principle of the accumulator module according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 and with accumulator cells in the form of prismatic cells
  • 11 shows an accumulator module according to the principle of the accumulator module according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 and with accu cells in the form of round cells
  • FIGS
  • FIG. 13 shows a battery cell in the form of a prismatic cell or a battery cell in the form of a round cell.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an example of an embodiment of the battery module 10 proposed here.
  • the illustration in FIG. 1 shows the battery module 10 in an isometric view and with a closed housing 12.
  • the illustration in FIG. 2 shows the battery module 10 from FIG. 1 and includes essential components in an exploded view.
  • the housing 12 of the accumulator module 10 has several housing parts 12-1, 12-2, 12-3, 12-4, namely at least one upper housing part 12-1, one lower housing part 12-2 and two housing side parts/side walls 12 -3, 12-4.
  • the housing 12 has at least in the upper and lower housing parts 12-1, 12-2 large surface cooling fins, in particular cooling fins on the entire outer surface of the upper and/or lower housing part 12-1, 12-2.
  • the upper housing part 12-1 is permanently permeable to gases from the interior of the accumulator module 10 over a large area, i.e. due to the number, distribution and/or size of the Openings, penetrations, bores, slits or the like prevent gas escaping from the interior over a large area and ners of the accumulator module 10.
  • the accumulator module 10 shown is therefore an open accumulator module 10 in the sense of the distinction mentioned at the outset.
  • the accumulator module 10 has a plurality of accumulator cells 14 (FIG. 5).
  • the housing 12 can be closed on a front face and a rear face by means of a respective cover 16, 18 and is closed by means of these covers 16, 18 in the operational state.
  • the cover 16 on the front face has openings for contact elements for electrically conductive contacting of the accumulator module 10 .
  • the front face is accordingly also referred to as the connector side.
  • the rear face is referred to as the visible side.
  • a cover layer 20 in the form of a filter mat section 22 Inside the housing 12 and below the housing upper part 12-1 there is a cover layer 20, in the embodiment shown a cover layer 20 in the form of a filter mat section 22 (in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 the cover layer 20 and filter mat section 22 are therefore the same) .
  • Exactly one filter mat section 22 is located over its full area above all battery cells 14 encompassed by battery module 10 and consequently also above all weak points 56 encompassed by battery cells 14 (see FIG. 5); the filter mat section 22 covers the battery cells 14 contained by the accumulator module 10 and their weak points 56 over the entire surface (covers the battery cells 14 contained by the accumulator module 10 and their weak points 56 on the entire surface).
  • the or each filter mat section 22 is gas-permeable over the entire surface—ie over its entire surface. In the event of damage from the rechargeable battery cells 14 or a rechargeable battery cell 14 de Gases, in particular combustible gases, reach the filter mat section 22 or the respective filter mat section 22 directly from the location of the gas outlet, i.e. a weak point 56, and can pass through it over the entire surface and are not held back by the or the respective filter mat section 22. In addition, such gases escape through the upper housing part 12-1, which is permeable over a large area.
  • the or each filter mat section 22 is also fully flameproof. The or each filter mat section 22 allows gases to pass through, but prevents flames from passing through.
  • any flames that may have arisen in the event of damage namely flames that have arisen in the interior of the accumulator module 10 , do not escape from the accumulator module 10 due to the at least one filter mat section 22 .
  • gases released can escape through the at least one filter mat section 22 and then through the upper housing part 12-1, and the escape of the gases serves to prevent or at least delay a thermal runaway of further accumulator cells 14 in the Inside the accumulator module 10 and generally the explosion protection.
  • An accumulator module core 24 is located inside the housing 12 and between its side walls 12-3, 12-4.
  • the accumulator module core 24 is the combination of the accumulator cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10.
  • the accumulator cells 14 are arranged there in a vertical (upright) ; vertical/upright in the direction of the upper housing part 12-1) orientation placed next to one another in layers, as is made particularly clear by the illustrations in FIG. 3 and FIG.
  • the accumulator module core 24 is bounded on both of its end faces by a respective end plate 26, 28 (front end plate 26, rear end plate 28).
  • the illustrations in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 show the accumulator module core 24 alone, ie without the surrounding housing parts 12-1, 12-2, 12-3, 12-4, on the one hand (FIG.
  • the accumulator module core 24 includes a plurality of accumulator cells 14, specifically accumulator cells 14 in the form of so-called pouch cells.
  • the illustration in FIG. 4 shows that two such battery cells 14 are combined to form a cell pack 40 (package of two battery cells 14; pack of two pouch cells).
  • the battery module core 24 comprises a total of fourteen cell packs 40, i.e. twenty-eight battery cells 14.
  • the accumulator module 10 namely its accumulator module core 24, comprises the cell packs 40 and the accumulator cells 14 each of which are contained in a vertical orientation.
  • the battery cells 14 are placed next to each other in layers, resulting in a sequence of battery cells 14 (a line of battery cells 14; a line of cell packs 40).
  • the string of cell stacks 40 with the intermediate layers 42 lying in between is closed off on both sides by means of an end plate 26, 28 in each case. Between each end plate 26, 28 and the cell stack 40 immediately adjacent thereto there is also an intermediate layer 42, which is basically optional.
  • the rechargeable battery cells 14 are pressed between the end plates 26, 28 and in the pressed state the side walls 12-3, 12-4 are connected to the end plates 26, 28, in particular screwed onto the end plates 26, 28.
  • the fixed length of the side walls 12-3, 12-4 defines the (in the axial
  • the remaining housing parts i.e. at least the upper and lower housing parts 12-1, 12-2, are detachable with the or each adjacent housing part and/or with the battery module core 24 connectable, for example by screwing ben.
  • the battery cells 14 included in the battery module core 24 and any intermediate layers 42 together have a length, namely a length measured in the axial direction of the battery module 10 .
  • At least the side walls 12-3, 12-4 were of a suitable length, namely a length at which the battery cells 14 are received between the end plates 26, 28 in a press fit; the battery cells 14 are pressed by the end plates 26, 28 (by means of the end plates 26, 28) and between the end plates 26, 28.
  • the representation in FIG. 5 shows a single battery cell 14 in the embodiment as a pouch cell in an isometric representation.
  • the battery cell 14 (and thus each of the Akkumu lator module 10 included battery cell 14) has two contacts 50, 52 (positive pole 50, negative pole 52) and each two contacts te 50, 52 come from the inside of the battery cell 14 through an envelope 54 of the battery cell 14 to the outside and rise la rule-like (metal tab 50, 52) over an upper edge of the Ak kuzelle 14.
  • the area of the passage of the metal tabs 50, 52 through the Enclosure 54 of the battery cell 14 can be considered a weak point 56 of such a battery cell 14, namely a battery cell 14 in the form of a pouch cell.
  • the area of this material is the technically weakest point of the battery cell 14, especially when there is increased gas development in the battery cell 14 .
  • a pressure increase due to such increased gas development causes the cover 54 to burst open in the area of the transition to the metal tabs 50, 52 or one of the metal tabs 50, 52 and gas from the interior of the battery cell 14, namely very hot gas in the event of damage, escapes there Area.
  • FIG. 6 shows the accumulator module core 24 as in FIG. 3 and with the accumulator cells 14 it encompasses and pressed between the end-side end plates 26, 28, but in a different orientation.
  • two contact elements 60, 62 are shown. This contact the Metallla's 50, 52 of the battery cells 14, so the respective positive and negative poles 50, 52 of the battery cells 14.
  • the Kunststoffele elements 60, 62 comprise a plurality of contact fingers.
  • the Kunststoffele elements 60, 62 can also be used as comb-like contact elements 60,
  • each contact element 60, 62 and the contact fingers are accordingly designated as contact prongs.
  • the contact fingers of each contact element 60, 62 are in one plane and each contact element 60, 62 engages with its contact fingers to a certain extent laterally in an area with the metal tabs 50, 52.
  • the metal tabs 50, 52 can be electrically conductively contacted in a common plane by means of the contact fingers of the contact elements 60, 62.
  • FIG. 3 and FIG. 6 show that the metal tabs 50 , 52 of the battery cells 14 require space inside the accumulator module 10 .
  • the same (space requirement) applies to the contact elements 60, 62 provided for contacting the metal tabs 50, 52.
  • the area with the metal tabs 50, 52 and the contact elements 60, 62 is considered the contact area 64 (see Figure 7, Figure 9) in the accumulator module 10 .
  • the contact area 64 starts immediately above the upper edge of the casing 54 of the battery cells 14 and extends to immediately below the cover layer 20 and the at least one filter mat section 22 there. In the event of damage to one battery cell 14 or more battery cells 14, there is rising gas this is a free or at least essentially free area.
  • FIG. 2 shows the accumulator module core 24 with the accumulator cells 14 it encompasses (not designated in FIG. 2), the metal tabs 50, 52 (not designated in FIG. 2) protruding from the top of the accumulator cells 14 and the contact elements making contact with them 60, 62 (also not designated in Figure 2). Between at least individual metal lugs 50, 52 and the contact fingers of the contact elements 60, 62 contacting them, there are bulkheads 70 (only individually designated in FIG. 2) in a fully assembled accumulator module 10. The bulkheads 70 are aligned with individual intermediate layers 42 between the cell packs 40. In the embodiment shown, six bulkheads 70 are provided, with each second intermediate layer 42 of the battery module core 24 aligned.
  • the at least one filter mat section 22 thus includes these intermediate spaces at the top.
  • gas escaping from a battery cell 14 can rise into the intermediate space located directly above the affected battery cell 14 .
  • the gas which may be very hot or even already ignited, does not, or at least essentially, does not reach the area of other battery cells 14 due to the rising inside the battery module 10 and the bulkheads 70 that limit the rising and channel it to a certain extent.
  • the rising gas can also flow out through the at least one filter mat section 22 that is gas-permeable over the entire surface.
  • a battery module 10 with a housing 12 and a housing top part 12-1, a plurality of battery cells 14 (only individual ones are labeled) in the housing 12 and with a cover layer 20 in the housing 12 and above the battery cells 14 and below the housing top part 12 -1.
  • the housing 12 is gas-tight or at least essentially gas-tight, and only the housing upper part 12 - 1 above the cover layer 20 has openings, slots or the like over a large area, which allow gas to escape from the housing 12 over a large area.
  • the sectional plane lies in the area of one of a plurality of slots in the upper housing part 12-1 (recognizable from the non-hatched area; with a plurality of slots, in particular between and/or below cooling ribs, results in a lattice-like structure, in any case a large-area gas-permeable structure).
  • Each battery cell 14 has at least one weak point 56 (only a single one is designated).
  • the housing 12 surrounds the Akkuzel len 14 and the cover layer 20 on all sides.
  • the weak points 56 are graphically highlighted in the representations by means of a symbol. In each case, the symbol is a closed line with several lines spaced regularly along the line transverse to the line. These symbols are not physical characteristics of the battery cells 14 and are only used to illustrate the location or area of the respective weak point 56.
  • the cover layer 20 comprises at least one fully gas-permeable and fully flameproof filter mat section 22, with exactly one filter mat section Section 22 of this can also be the cover layer 20 itself.
  • this is located over the entire surface and evenly spaced above all (all) or at least essentially all weak points 56 of the rechargeable battery cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10, and if there is more than one filter mat section 22, it is located evenly spaced above each or at least essentially
  • Each weak point 56 of the rechargeable battery cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10 has a filter mat section 22 (over each or at least essentially each weak point there is exactly one filter mat section 22 and/or over groups of weak points there is exactly one filter mat section 22).
  • Battery cells 14 on the edge are battery cells 14 which adjoin the inside of a wall surface of the housing 12 .
  • battery cells 14 which due to their size always border on the inside of a wall surface of the housing 12 (e.g. pouch cells or prismatic cells)
  • battery cells 14 are battery cells 14 on the edge, which have one of their large surfaces on the inside of a wall surface of the housing 12 adjoin.
  • FIG. 7 and Figure 8 show a schematically simplified battery module 10 with battery cells 14 in the form of pouch cells, on the one hand ( Figure 7) in a side view and on the other hand (Figure 8) in a view from above into the battery module 10.
  • the cover layer 20 includes precisely one filter mat section 22 (shown partially cut open) that is gas-permeable over the entire surface and flame-transmission-proof over the entire surface. This extends to all lateral housing walls (in the embodiment in Figure 1 to Figure 6 the housing side walls 12-3, 12-4 as well as the front and rear closing plates 26, 28) and is therefore itself the cover layer 20.
  • the filter mat section 22 is located over all of the weak points 56 of the battery cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10.
  • the filter mat section 22 (at least one filter mat section 22) can also be integrated into or attached to a cover layer 20, which then acts as a carrier for the or each filter mat section 22 .
  • the contact area 64 is located above the battery cells 14 and below the cover layer 20.
  • the accumulator module 10 basically has optional bulkheads 70 (only one labeled) inside the housing 12 and that the filter mat section 22 is located above all bulkheads 70 and rests in particular on the upper edges and in particular is not in contact with the metal tabs (contacts) 50, 52 of the battery cells; this also expressly applies to the embodiment shown in the representations in FIG. 1 to FIG.
  • the filter mat section 22 covers all of the bulkheads 70 over their entire surface and this also expressly applies to the embodiment shown in the illustrations in FIG. 1 to FIG.
  • FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show a schematically simplified accumulator module 10 with accumulator cells 14 in the form of prismatic cells—see FIG. 12—on the one hand (FIG. 9) in a side view and on the other hand (FIG. gur 10) in a view from above into the accumulator module 10.
  • the cover layer 20 shown partly cut open
  • the filter mat section 22 that is gas-permeable over the entire surface and flameproof over the entire surface. This is located across the entire surface over all weak points 56 of the battery cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10 .
  • the cover layer 20 and the filter mat section 22 range up to all side walls of the housing.
  • a plurality of filter mat sections 22 can also be considered, with a filter mat section 22 being located above each weak point 56 of the battery cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10.
  • the contact area 64 is located above the battery cells 14 and below the cover layer 20.
  • FIG. 7 and Figure 9 illustrate the particular aspect of the position of the filter mat section 22 relative to the weak points 56 of the covered battery cells 14 comprised by the accumulator module 10.
  • the filter mat section 22 is located (inside the housing 12) above the weak points 56 of the respective covered battery cells 14.
  • the filter mat section 22 is evenly spaced above these weak points 56. This means that the distances from each weak point 56 to the filter mat section 22 are the same or at least essentially the same, i.e. in the area of position- or position-dependent tolerances. The distances considered here are the shortest connection from a weak point 56 to the underside of the filter mat section 22.
  • len 14 whose weak points 56 are - as shown - in one plane and in a filter mat section 22 in a ner - as shown - parallel to this plane but spaced apart from this plane, are the weak points len 56 of the filter mat section 22 evenly spaced. This uniform distance from all covered weak points 56 ensures that in the event of damage in the area of a weak point 56, escaping gases in the accumulator module 10 will rise to the filter mat section 22 via the shortest route and that the path of the gases rising in the event of damage will continue from each weak point 56 is the same or at least essentially the same up to the filter mat section 22 located above it.
  • FIG 11 shows (only in a view from above) a schematically simplified battery module 10 with battery cells 14 in the form of round cells - see Figure 13.
  • the cover layer 20 has exactly one (partly shown cut away) fully gas-permeable and fully flame- Impact-resistant filter mat section 22 includes. This is located over the entire surface over all weak points 56 of the battery cells 14 comprised by the battery module 10 and extends on all sides to the side housing walls, so it is also the cover layer 20 itself.
  • the representation in FIG. 12 shows a battery cell 14 in the form of a prismatic cell and the representation in FIG. 13 shows a battery cell 14 in the form of a round cell.
  • the prismatic cell has its weak point 56 between the two poles 50,52.
  • the round cell has its weak point 56 in the region of the upper side, which is the only one visible in the illustration, with the positive pole 50 there.
  • a battery module 10 is specified with a housing 12, a plurality of battery cells 14 in housing 12 and with a cover layer 20 in housing 12 and above the Ak battery cells 14.
  • Each battery cell 14 has at least one weak point 56 in a manner that is basically known per se, from which very hot gas escapes in the event of damage.
  • Cover layer 20 above battery cells 14 comprises at least one filter mat section 22 that is gas-permeable over its entire surface and flame-proof over its entire surface
  • Battery cells 14 is a filter mat section 22 (exactly one filter mat section 22 over each weak point and/or exactly one filter mat section 22 over groups of weak points). Gas escaping from a defective battery cell 14 rises in the battery module 10 to the cover layer 20 and to at least one filter mat section 22 there, passes through this and leaves the battery module 10.
  • housing part housing top part 12-2 housing part, housing bottom part 12-3 housing part, housing side wall, side wall 12-4 housing part, housing side wall, side wall 14 battery cell

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Exhaust Devices For Batteries (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un module de batterie de stockage (10) comportant un boîtier (12), une pluralité de cellules de batterie de stockage (14) dans le boîtier (12), et une couche de recouvrement (20) dans le boîtier (12) et au-dessus des cellules de batterie de stockage (14), chaque cellule de batterie de stockage (14) ayant au moins un point faible (56) ; la couche de recouvrement (20) comprend au moins une partie filtre (22) qui est perméable aux gaz sur toute la surface et a un effet d'arrêt de flamme sur toute la surface, et la partie filtre (22) est située sur toute la surface au-dessus de tous les points faibles (56) des cellules de batterie de stockage (14) contenues dans le module de batterie de stockage (10) ou une partie filtre (22) est située au-dessus de chaque point faible (56) des cellules de batterie de stockage (14) contenues dans le module de batterie de stockage (10).
EP22712339.5A 2021-03-05 2022-03-03 Module de batterie de stockage Pending EP4169115A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021202163.8A DE102021202163A1 (de) 2021-03-05 2021-03-05 Akkumulatormodul
PCT/EP2022/055478 WO2022184863A1 (fr) 2021-03-05 2022-03-03 Module de batterie de stockage

Publications (1)

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EP4169115A1 true EP4169115A1 (fr) 2023-04-26

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22712339.5A Pending EP4169115A1 (fr) 2021-03-05 2022-03-03 Module de batterie de stockage

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US (1) US20240136624A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4169115A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021202163A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022184863A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100959090B1 (ko) * 2007-12-18 2010-05-20 주식회사 엘지화학 안전성이 개선된 파우치형 이차전지
CA2761758C (fr) 2009-05-11 2015-03-24 Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik Ag & Co Kg Unite batterie
CN107078231A (zh) 2014-05-21 2017-08-18 赛美西有限公司 被动隔离材料
DE102014012568B4 (de) 2014-08-29 2023-03-02 Stöbich Technology Gmbh Akkumulatorvorrichtung
DE202014008336U1 (de) 2014-10-20 2016-01-25 Turn-E Gmbh Fahrgestell aus Verbundwerkstoff für ein Elektrofahrzeug und hierfür angepasstes Akkupack
KR102072098B1 (ko) 2015-07-29 2020-01-31 주식회사 엘지화학 안전성이 향상된 이차전지, 전지 모듈 및 전지 팩
DK3472878T3 (da) 2016-06-20 2020-09-14 Commeo Gmbh Batterimodul med optimeret varmespredning
WO2017220515A1 (fr) 2016-06-22 2017-12-28 Michael Schnakenberg Module accumulateur
TWM556938U (zh) 2017-01-09 2018-03-11 財團法人工業技術研究院 具散熱及熱失控擴散防護之電池模組
DE102018000421A1 (de) 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 H.K.O. Isolier- Und Textiltechnik Gmbh Mehrschichtiges Wärmedämmelement für Batterien
CN112639456A (zh) 2018-06-27 2021-04-09 塔斯马尼亚大学 电分离注射器和使用电分离注射器的分析方法
JP7259014B2 (ja) 2018-09-07 2023-04-17 スリーエム イノベイティブ プロパティズ カンパニー 防火物品及び関連する方法
US20200112009A1 (en) * 2018-10-04 2020-04-09 Sargent Manufacturing Company Electrochemical cell enclosure including a flame arrestor
DE102018133426B4 (de) 2018-12-21 2022-07-14 KÖNIG METALL GmbH & Co. KG Mehrteiliges multifunktionales batteriegehäuse
DE102019120708A1 (de) 2019-07-31 2021-02-04 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Energiespeicher für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit mindestens einer flammenverzögernden Schicht

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US20240136624A1 (en) 2024-04-25
WO2022184863A1 (fr) 2022-09-09
DE102021202163A1 (de) 2022-09-08

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