EP4155440A1 - Fibre material entry for a cleaning machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a cleaning device for fiber material (1) with at least one cleaning roller (4) with a cleaning roller axis (5) and a fiber material feed, the cleaning roller being held in a machine frame (2) on a foundation (3) and the fiber material feed being at least one feed roller (6) having a feed roller axis (7). A connecting line (9) from the feed roller axis (7) to the cleaning roller axis (5) encloses a feed angle (α) of 40 to 50 degrees with a perpendicular (10) to the foundation (3).

Description

The invention relates to a cleaning device for fiber material. In short-staple spinning, especially when natural fibers such as cotton or mixtures containing natural fibers are spun, it is necessary to clean the fiber material before it is fed to a spinning machine. So contains z. B. Raw cotton typically contains between 3% and 8% impurities such as sand, dust, shell parts and other foreign objects. These impurities should be removed as completely as possible, with as few good fibers as possible being separated from the raw cotton and the remaining fibers being damaged as little as possible by the cleaning process. In principle, however, it is true that the higher the degree of cleaning, both the loss of good fibers and the deterioration of the fibers increase.

The raw cotton is usually delivered to the spinning mill in pressed bales. The unwanted dirt is firmly embedded in the raw cotton. In order to remove this, it is necessary to break up the raw cotton into ever finer flakes and further into individual fibers, since this is the only way to sufficiently reduce the binding of the impurities to the fiber material. A large number of cleaning devices or cleaning machines arranged one after the other are provided in the spinning preparation lines that are customary today. Cleaning machines of the type described here have one or more rotating cleaning rollers. The opening, also called dissolving, of the fiber material transported past a cleaning device by a cleaning roller is brought about by a mechanical action of the driven cleaning roller on the fiber material. This mechanical action also removes dirt from the fiber material.

The opened or dissolved fiber material, together with the dirt contained therein, which is now loose, is guided past cleaning elements arranged in a bowl-like manner on the cleaning roller. Part of this fiber material is discharged to the outside through the cleaning elements, for example by gravity, centrifugal force or by an air flow. In relation to the supplied, uncleaned fiber material, this part of the material removed by the cleaning elements Fiber material, which is also called waste, a large proportion of dirt. As a result, the fiber material not guided through the cleaning elements is ultimately cleaned. However, the tailings also contain a certain proportion of good fibers, which is undesirable but unavoidable.

Cleaning devices which have a plurality of cleaning rollers and cleaning elements are disclosed, for example, in CH 682 672 A5 . It shows different variants for loading the cleaning device with fiber material. Each of the variants shown has advantages and disadvantages, depending on the condition (tuft size, degree of contamination) of the fiber material fed, the process speed or the cleaning depth to be achieved.

Depending on the fiber material to be processed, its nature and degree of contamination as well as the desired purity, the most suitable cleaning device with the appropriate feed (feed) or often a series of cleaning devices is used. In today's machine building, these cleaning devices are constructed with a mesh housing, a machine frame or a machine stand. All the components or elements of the machine are fastened to this machine frame and held in a rotationally fixed or rotatable manner. In addition, formwork elements to protect the machines or the operating personnel are also held by this machine frame. Due to this construction, each device type has its own machine frame. Various attachments can be provided in a machine frame in order to install additional or optional elements in the machine frame, but in principle the machine cannot be expanded or converted to another type of device without great effort.

A disadvantage of the known constructions of cleaning devices is that the use of a specific type of supply associated with the cleaning device is provided. An extension or enlargement or reduction of the cleaning device is also expensive. Different cleaning devices must therefore be used for the various cleaning functions.

The object of the invention is therefore to create a cleaning device which enables the supply to be changed easily and which, by standardizing the design, minimizes the effort required for conversion. It should also be possible to easily adapt the cleaning performance to different needs.

The object is solved by a device having the features of the independent claim.

To solve the problem, a cleaning device for fiber material is proposed with at least one cleaning roller with a cleaning roller axis and a fiber material feed. The cleaning roller is held in a machine frame on a foundation and the fiber material feed has at least one feed roller with a feed roller axis. A connecting line from the feed roller axis to the cleaning roller axis encloses a feed angle α of 40 to 50 angular degrees with a perpendicular to the foundation. A feed roller is common to all different variants of feeding fiber material into a cleaning device. However, the position of this feed roller on the following cleaning roller has a significant influence on the structural arrangement of cleaning elements on the circumference of the cleaning roller and the arrangement of casings on the cleaning roller. A corresponding normalization of the position of the feed roller relative to the cleaning roller makes it possible to use all known feeding techniques in a simple manner, without having to make any changes to the cleaning roller, the cleaning elements or the casings. It has been found that when the feed roller is arranged with its feed roller axis at a specific feed angle, the cleaning device operates satisfactorily for all current feed devices.

The feed angle α is preferably 45 degrees. With a feed angle of 45 degrees, it is also possible to successfully use feed devices, such as a filling chute, which have hitherto been used with vertical feed.

In a first embodiment, a metering roller is assigned to the feed roller. Feeding the fiber material via a metering roller in combination with the feed roller enables the fiber material to be metered evenly into the cleaning device. The metering roller can be attached so that it can be adjusted in the direction of the feed roller, so that the width of the gap between the feed roller and the metering roller can be adapted to a production requirement. The use of the dosing roller has advantages in the case of irregularly dosed fibrous material or when there is an inhomogeneous mixture of the fibrous material due to tufts of different sizes.

As an alternative to the dosing roller, the feed roller is assigned a feed trough. A very precise dosing of the fiber material is possible with a combination of a feed roller with a feed trough. The wedge-shaped passage between the feed roller and the feed trough results in an even and stable feeding of the fiber material to the cleaning device.

In a further alternative, a conveyor belt is assigned to the feed roller or a filling chute is arranged in front of it. In order to achieve an uninterrupted supply of the cleaning device that is as even as possible, conveyor belts or filling chutes are used as storage. If a conveyor belt is used, a feed roller is provided above the feed roller. The feed roller is used for trouble-free movement and deflection of the fiber material between the conveyor belt and the feed or dosing roller. The use of a hopper, on the other hand, has the advantage that the hopper can be supplied with fiber material (usually by pneumatic conveying) independently of the cleaning operation, since the hopper can be used as a buffer in the fiber material supply.

It is advantageous if the cleaning roller and the feed roller are driven in opposite directions. The counter-rotating drive of the feed roller and the cleaning roller has the advantage that the fiber material is clamped between the two rollers and the fiber material is thus forced onto the cleaning roller and the carriers located thereon. The fiber material is also applied to the cleaning roller via the feed roller. A reverse feeding over the lower half of the feed roller, which would be the case with a co-rotating drive, is only possible when using a feed trough.

The cleaning roller preferably has cleaning elements on its circumference and these are arranged on a side of the cleaning roller facing the foundation. Simple gratings can be used due to the arrangement of cleaning elements on the underside of the cleaning roller. The grates are made up of a large number of cleaning elements in the form of grate bars. Grates are segments that typically enclose a quarter to three quarters of the cleaning roller. It is also possible to assign several grates to a cleaning roller. Grates consist of several individual, angular grate elements that ultimately form a shell. In addition to slotted plates, perforated plates, angle bars and knives, grate bars with a triangular cross-section are primarily used as grate elements today. Grates have the advantage that the impurities or dirt particles, which are transported outwards by centrifugal forces acting on the fibrous material when the cleaning roller rotates, strike the grate bars and the dirt can be released from the fibrous material due to the short-term negative acceleration and through the grate thrown away by the cleaning roller. As a result, the impurities are separated from the fibrous material, with the fibrous material being transported past the cleaning elements by the cleaning roller. The impurities separated from the fiber material in this way fall away from the cleaning roller and are collected, for example, in a container.

A cleaning machine with a cleaning device according to the previous description is also proposed, the cleaning roller being installed in a self-supporting cleaning module and the fiber material feed being designed as a self-supporting feed module and a conveyor module and a machine frame being provided. By standardizing the feed angle, it is possible to use a cleaning module of the same type for different types of feed modules. A cleaning module can thus be provided in a modular design of the cleaning device, which can be expanded without change by constructing a feed module, the design of the feed module used being irrelevant. This build the cleaning device from self-supporting modules allows that the internals of individual modules are not connected to the internals of adjacent modules. As a result, the individual modules can be completed before they are assembled, and the construction or conversion work on the cleaning device is reduced to a minimum, namely the assembly of the modules. Self-supporting modules are characterized by a closed construction, which can be transported and lifted to its assigned location without additional stabilization.

The feed module is preferably supported on the cleaning module and is connected to it in a dust-tight manner. As a result, the feed module can be replaced if necessary, for reasons of a change of operation or necessary maintenance, without affecting other components of the machine. It goes without saying that the corresponding couplings for the supply of energy and the connection to the control must be provided. The individual modules are coupled to one another using simple connecting means. For this purpose, many possibilities such as screw connections, clamp connections or quick-release fasteners are known from the prior art. The connections are designed in such a way that the cleaning device is dust-tight, but the individual elements or modules can also be easily separated from one another again. In this way there is the possibility of obtaining a cleaning device which can be used for various tasks. Built-in modules can be replaced by modules with different types of built-in components to adapt to the required power supply. The same cleaning module can always be used.

In a further development, the cleaning machine has at least one second cleaning module. Due to the modular design of the cleaning device, it can easily be supplemented with other almost identical cleaning modules in order to increase the cleaning performance.

In the proposed modular design, of course, the necessary connections and devices for the energy and air supply as well as the connection to the machine control are provided in each module to ensure trouble-free operation. However, such connection systems are well known from the prior art and are therefore not described further.

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer Reinigungsmaschine mit einer Reinigungsvorrichtung in einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Figur 2

eine schematische Darstellung einer Reinigungsvorrichtung in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;

Figur 3

eine schematische Darstellung einer Reinigungsvorrichtung in einer dritten Ausführungsform;

Figur 4

eine schematische Darstellung einer Reinigungsvorrichtung in einer vierten Ausführungsform;

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Reinigungsmaschine mit einer Reinigungsvorrichtung in Modulbauweise und

Figur 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer Reinigungsmaschine in einer erweiterten Modulbauweise.

The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment and illustrated in more detail by drawings. Show it

figure 1

a schematic representation of a cleaning machine with a cleaning device in a first embodiment;

figure 2

a schematic representation of a cleaning device in a second embodiment;

figure 3

a schematic representation of a cleaning device in a third embodiment;

figure 4

a schematic representation of a cleaning device in a fourth embodiment;

figure 5

a schematic representation of a cleaning machine with a cleaning device in modular design and

figure 6

a schematic representation of a cleaning machine in an expanded modular design.

In the figures described below, only the components for the representation and explanation of the features essential to the invention are shown. Drives, controls and other components that are obviously necessary for the operation of a cleaning device or cleaning machine have not been reproduced.

figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a cleaning machine with a cleaning device in a first embodiment. A machine frame 2 is set up on a foundation 3 . The cleaning device with a supply of fiber material 1 and a discharge of the cleaned fiber material 18 is held in the machine frame 2 . The cleaning device comprises a cleaning roller 4 with a cleaning roller axis 5 and a cleaning element 8. The fiber material 1 is through a Feed roller 6 introduced with a feed roller axis 7 in cooperation with a metering roller 11 on the surface of the cleaning roller 4. The arrangement of the feed roller 6 relative to the cleaning roller 4 is determined by a feed angle α. The feed angle α corresponds to an angle which is enclosed by a connecting line 9 and a perpendicular 10 to the foundation 3. The perpendicular to the foundation 3 is defined by the right angle β between the perpendicular 10 and a surface of the foundation 3. The connecting line 9 connects the cleaning roller axis 5 and the feed roller axis 7.

The cleaning roller 4 is driven in a direction of rotation 23 about a cleaning roller axis 5 . The fibrous material 1 , which reaches the cleaning roller 4 through the feed roller 6 and the metering roller 11 , is conveyed past the cleaning element 8 to the fibrous material outlet and transferred into the outlet channel 24 . In the embodiment shown, the cleaning element 8 consists of a grate, which is formed by grate bars 25 arranged one behind the other on the circumference of the cleaning roller 4 .

The rotation 23 of the cleaning roller 4 transfers the fibrous material 1 from the feed roller 6 and the metering roller 11 and brings it along the cleaning element 8 to the outlet channel 24, via which the cleaned fibrous material 18 leaves the cleaning machine again.

figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a cleaning device in a second embodiment. The cleaning device comprises the cleaning roller 4 with the cleaning roller axis 5 and the feed roller 6 with the feed roller axis 7. The feed roller axis 7 is arranged on a connecting line 9, the connecting line 9 enclosing a feed angle α with the vertical 10. The feed for the fiber material 1 associated with the cleaning device comprises, in addition to the feed roller 6, a metering roller 11 and a conveyor belt 13 with an associated feed roller 14. The fiber material 1 is brought by the conveyor belt 13 to the feed roller 6 and by the feed roller 14 at the end of the conveyor belt 13 between the feed roller 6 and the metering roller 11 deflected.

On a part of the circumference of the cleaning roller 4, the cleaning member 8 is attached. In the embodiment shown, the cleaning element 8 is designed as a grate consisting of a large number of grate bars 25 and placed in the lower circumferential half of the cleaning roller 4 in a shell-like manner on its surface. A circumferential area of the cleaning roller 4 between the feed roller 6 and the cleaning element 8 that is not occupied by the cleaning element 8 is provided with a casing 12 . The casing 12 is used to guide the fibrous material 1 along the surface of the cleaning roller 4. Due to the rotation 23 of the cleaning roller 4, the fibrous material 1 is taken over from the supply by the feed roller 4 and the metering roller 11 by the cleaning roller 4 and is guided by the casing 12 guided along to the cleaning element 8.

figure 3 shows a schematic representation of a cleaning device in a third embodiment. The cleaning device comprises the cleaning roller 4 with the cleaning roller axis 5 and the feed roller 6 with the feed roller axis 7. The feed roller axis 7 is arranged on a connecting line 9, the connecting line 9 enclosing a feed angle α with the vertical 10. The feed for the fiber material 1 associated with the cleaning device includes, in addition to the feed roller 6, a metering roller 11 and a filling shaft 15. The fiber material 1 is removed from the filling shaft 15 by the feed roller 6 and the metering roller 11 and fed to the cleaning roller 4.

On a part of the circumference of the cleaning roller 4, the cleaning member 8 is attached. In the embodiment shown, the cleaning element 8 is designed as a grate consisting of a large number of grate bars 25 and placed in the lower circumferential half of the cleaning roller 4 in a shell-like manner on its surface. A circumferential area of the cleaning roller 4 between the feed roller 6 and the cleaning element 8 that is not occupied by the cleaning element 8 is provided with a casing 12 . The casing 12 is used to guide the fibrous material 1 along the surface of the cleaning roller 4. Due to the rotation 23 of the cleaning roller 4, the fibrous material 1 is taken over by the cleaning roller 4 from the supply through the feed roller 6 and the metering roller 11 and under the guidance of the casing 12 along to Cleaning element 8 out. The fibrous material 1 is further guided via the cleaning element 8 to a pneumatic conveyor 17 . The cleaned fiber material 18 is then removed from the surface of the cleaning roller 4 by the pneumatic conveyor 17 and brought out of the cleaning device via an outlet channel.

Figure4 shows a schematic representation of a cleaning device in a fourth embodiment. The cleaning device comprises the cleaning roller 4 with the cleaning roller axis 5 and the feed roller 6 with the feed roller axis 7. The feed roller axis 7 is arranged on a connecting line 9, the connecting line 9 enclosing a feed angle α with the vertical 10.

On a part of the circumference of the cleaning roller 4, the cleaning member 8 is attached. In the embodiment shown, the cleaning element 8 is designed as a grate consisting of a large number of grate bars 25 and placed in the lower circumferential half of the cleaning roller 4 in a shell-like manner on its surface. A circumferential area of the cleaning roller 4 between the feed roller 6 and the cleaning element 8 that is not occupied by the cleaning element 8 is provided with a casing 12 . The casing 12 serves to guide the fiber material 1 along the surface of the cleaning roller 4.

A supply or dosing of the fiber material 1 before it is taken over by the cleaning roller 4 is carried out with a feed trough 16 assigned to the feed roller 6 . The clamping distance of the fibers can be adjusted to the fiber length by rotating the feed trough 16 . Next, the feed trough 16 can stand out and thus adapt to the amount of material. The amount of material is controlled by the speed of the infeed belt or infeed rollers. The fiber material 1 arrives at the feed roller 6 from a hopper or from a conveyor belt like this in the figures 2 and 3 is shown. Due to the rotation 23 of the cleaning roller 4 , the fibrous material 1 is taken over by the cleaning roller 4 from the feed through the feed roller 4 and feed trough 16 and guided along to the cleaning element 8 under the guidance of the casing 12 .

figure 5 shows a schematic representation of a cleaning machine with a cleaning device in a modular design. The cleaning device is divided into two self-supporting modules, a cleaning module 19 and a feed module 20 . The cleaning module 19 contains the cleaning roller 4 and the cleaning element 8. In the embodiment shown, the feed module 20 contains a feed roller 6 and a metering roller 11. A conveyor module 21 and the machine frame 2 are also shown. The conveyor module 21 is necessary for transporting the cleaned fiber material away from the cleaning machine. The self-supporting modules are held in the machine frame 2, which is supported on the foundation 3. The individual modules, feed module 20, cleaning module 19 and conveyor module 21 are assembled on the machine frame 2. This modular design has the advantage that all variants of a feed module 20 can be applied to the cleaning module 19 . By defining the position of the feed roller 6 or the feed angle a, the different variants of the feed modules 20 are compatible with a uniform cleaning module 19, which results in significant cost savings and time savings in conversions or maintenance.

The connection between machine frame 2 and cleaning module 19, between machine frame 2 and conveyor module 21 and between cleaning module 19 and feed module 20 and feed module 20 and conveyor module 21 are not shown in detail. The connection can be provided by screwing or other connection means known from the prior art.

figure 6 shows a schematic representation of a cleaning machine in an expanded modular design. As in figure 5 already shown, the cleaning device is divided into two self-supporting modules, a cleaning module 19 and a feed module 20 . The cleaning module 19 contains the cleaning roller 4 and the cleaning element 8. In the embodiment shown, the feed module 20 contains a feed roller 6 and a metering roller 11. A conveyor module 21 and the machine frame 2 are also shown. The cleaning machine shown has been expanded to include a further, second cleaning module 22 .

The machine frame 2 and the cleaning module 19, the feed module 20 and the conveyor module 21 are used for the construction of the shown embodiment of the cleaning machine according to the embodiment figure 5 adopted unchanged. The second cleaning module 22 is built onto the machine frame 2 and inserted between the cleaning module 19 and the conveyor module 21 . Starting from the execution after figure 5 To do this, the cleaning module 19, the feed module 20 and the conveyor module 21 must be detached from one another and the cleaning module 19 must be detached from the machine frame 2 and pushed apart. The second cleaning module 22 is then placed in between and all the modules are connected to one another and to the machine base 2 . The cleaning machine developed in this way now has two cleaning rollers, each with a cleaning element, as a result of which a higher cleaning performance can be achieved. For the fiber material feed, there are still the below Figure 1 to 4 described variants, which can be used independently of the addition of the second cleaning module 21, for the sake of simplicity, only the variant with the feed roller 6 and the metering roller 11 is shown.

The present invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments. Modifications within the scope of the patent claims are just as possible as a combination of the features, even if they are shown and described in different exemplary embodiments.

Legend

1

fibrous material

2

machine frame

3

foundation

4

cleaning roller

5

cleaning roller axis

6

food roller

7

feed roller axis

8th

cleaning element

9

connecting line

10

vertical

11

dosing roller

12

formwork

13

conveyor belt

14

feed roller

15

hopper

16

pantry

17

Pneumatic promotion

18

Cleaned fibrous material

19

cleaning module

20

feeding module

21

conveyor module

22

Second cleaning module

23

direction of rotation

24

exit channel

25

rust bar

a

feed angle

β

right angle

Claims (11)

Cleaning device for fiber material (1) with at least one cleaning roller (4) with a cleaning roller axis (5) and a fiber material feed, wherein the cleaning roller (5) is held in a machine frame (2) on a foundation (3) and the fiber material feed has at least one feed roller ( 6) with a feed roller axis (7), characterized in that a connecting line (9) from the feed roller axis (7) to the cleaning roller axis (5) with a perpendicular (10) to the foundation (3) has a feed angle (a) of 40 to includes 50 degrees of angle. Cleaning device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the feed angle (a) is 45 angular degrees. Cleaning device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed roller (6) is assigned a metering roller (11). Cleaning device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed roller (6) is assigned a feed trough (16). Cleaning device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the feed roller (6) is assigned a conveyor belt (13). Cleaning device according to at least one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the feed roller (6) is preceded by a filling chute (15). Cleaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning roller (4) and the feed roller (6) are driven in opposite directions. Cleaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning roller (4) on its periphery Has cleaning elements (8) and these are arranged on a side of the cleaning roller (4) facing the foundation (3). Cleaning machine with a cleaning device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cleaning roller (4) is installed in a self-supporting cleaning module (19) and the fiber material feed is designed as a self-supporting feed module (20) and a conveyor module (21) and a machine frame (2 ) are provided. Cleaning machine according to Claim 9, characterized in that the feed module (20) is supported on the cleaning module (19) and is connected to it in a dust-tight manner. Cleaning machine according to Claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the cleaning machine has at least one second cleaning module (22).

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