EP4153649A1 - Procédé de synthèse d'oméga-hydroxy-uréthanes, d'alpha-oméga-diuréthanes et d'oligo (poly)uréthanes exempts d'isocyanate - Google Patents

Procédé de synthèse d'oméga-hydroxy-uréthanes, d'alpha-oméga-diuréthanes et d'oligo (poly)uréthanes exempts d'isocyanate

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Publication number
EP4153649A1
EP4153649A1 EP21730108.4A EP21730108A EP4153649A1 EP 4153649 A1 EP4153649 A1 EP 4153649A1 EP 21730108 A EP21730108 A EP 21730108A EP 4153649 A1 EP4153649 A1 EP 4153649A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
omega
urea
urethanes
reaction
synthesis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP21730108.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Francesco Nocito
Michele Aresta
Angela Dibenedetto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Catalisi Innovativa Per Il Riciclo Del Carbonio E Biopolimeri Srl
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Per La Reattivita' Chimica E La Catalisi
Original Assignee
Catalisi Innovativa Per Il Riciclo Del Carbonio E Biopolimeri Srl
Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Per La Reattivita' Chimica E La Catalisi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Catalisi Innovativa Per Il Riciclo Del Carbonio E Biopolimeri Srl, Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale Per La Reattivita' Chimica E La Catalisi filed Critical Catalisi Innovativa Per Il Riciclo Del Carbonio E Biopolimeri Srl
Publication of EP4153649A1 publication Critical patent/EP4153649A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G71/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a ureide or urethane link, otherwise, than from isocyanate radicals in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G71/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C269/00—Preparation of derivatives of carbamic acid, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/08—Processes
    • C08G18/16—Catalysts
    • C08G18/22—Catalysts containing metal compounds
    • C08G18/222—Catalysts containing metal compounds metal compounds not provided for in groups C08G18/225 - C08G18/26

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the reaction of diols and urea to afford omega- hydroxyalkyl-urethanes, alfa-omega-diurethanes and oligo(omega-hydroxyalkyl- urethanes) under metal catalysis, avoiding the use of isocyanates or phosgene.
  • the diols can be biosourced.
  • the oligomers or polymers are known as NIPUR (Non- IsocyanatePolyUrethanes).
  • Polyurethanes-PUR represent 5% of the world production of polymers [1] They are a class of materials with large application in the fields of: rigid- and soft-foams, flexible-plastics and elastomers[2,3] In general such PURs are produced by reaction of di- and poly-ols with di- and poly-isocyanates in presence of tertiary amines as basic promoters[4] .Di-isocyanates such as MDI [4,4’-methylene-bis(phenyl isocyanate)] or TDI [toluene-di-isocyanate] are now recognized as cancerogens, mutagens and reprotoxic compounds (CMR) subject to special revision by the EU REACH regulations[5]. Moreover, such isocyanates are prepared by reaction of the corresponding amines with phosgene [6] or by carboxyalkylation of the same amines [7]
  • PUR can be prepared by reaction of amines with organic carbonates [8] affording materials with higher chemical resistance due to the presence of hydroxy- urethane linkages which increase the stability [9]
  • Monomeric alkyl carbamates (RHN-C0 2 R’) are esters of the unstable carbamic acid (RHN-CO2H) [10] and find application mainly in three fields: in polymers as functional group of PUR [11], in peptide chemistry or in related amine-protection [12], as fungicides or herbicides [13], or even in cosmetics.
  • Carbamates can be prepared by reacting alcohols and amines with phosgene or one of its derivatives [14a,b], the reaction of primary or secondary amines with alkyl- or aryl- chloroformates in presence of a base for capturing released hydrogen chloride [14a] being the most common synthetic methodology, even if it is not environmentally friendly and sustainable.
  • the di-urethane of alfa-omega-2-phenyl-propanediol is used as anti- depressive (Felbato , Felbamate R ) [15] It is prepared using multistep synthetic routes that may use phosgene derivatives [15a,b] Alternatively it is produced by reaction of alkyl formate with alkyl acetate [15c] followed by further work up.
  • non vicinal diols can be reacted with urea to afford: i. omega- hydroxy urethanes; ii. alfa-omega-diurethanes; iii. omega-hydroxy linear- oligo(poly)urethanes, by using Ce or Zr compounds (oxides or salts) as heterogeneous catalysts.
  • Ce or Zr compounds oxides or salts
  • the process can be even addressed towards the synthesis of cyclic carbonates and cyclic carbamates.
  • This invention relates to the synthesis of omega-hydroxyalkyl-urethanes based on the reaction of urea with terminal non-vicinal diols in presence of Ce- or Zr-based catalysts at temperatures between 130 and 150°C and for 4-8 h.
  • urea can react with a R-OH moiety following two reaction pathways leading to the formation of C-0 (Scheme la) or C-N bonds (Scheme lb) under specific metal-catalysis.
  • Scheme 1 Reaction of urea with an alcoholic moiety with: (a) formation of C-0 bond; (b) formation of a C-N bond.
  • Catalysts play a key role in addressing the reaction towards one or the other of the cyclic compounds.
  • Ce- and Zr- based catalyst are preferably oxides and salts of Ce and/or Zr.
  • Ce and/or Zr salts phosphates such as Ce 3 (P0 4 ) 4 or Zr 3 (P0 4 ) 4 (hereinafter ZrP) are preferred.
  • ZrP Zr 3
  • g-ZrP is a particularly preferred zirconium phosphate.
  • Ce-based catalyst such as CeC or Ce3(P04)4 are preferred.
  • the catalyst is preferably used in a w/w ratio 1-10% with respect to urea, preferably 2-6%.
  • Linear C2-C6 diols optionally substituted by phenyl or C5-C6 cyclic diols may be used in the process of the invention.
  • 3- and 4- C diols can be bio-sourced. Examples of diols include (bio)propanediol, (bio)butanediol, 2-phenyl- propanediol.
  • the molar ratio diohurea is usually 1:1 in the synthesis of omega- hydroxyalkylurethanes.
  • the reaction is carried out in solvent-free conditions (the diol is the solvent) and formed ammonia is removed from the reaction flask either at ambient pressure or under vacuum. Ammonia can be vented or better trapped into an organic or an inorganic acid solution.
  • the diurethane 9 is produced, isolated as a white solid.
  • felbamate is synthesized using multistep routes even using phosgene-derivatives [15]
  • a further object of this invention is the process for the synthesis of oligomers of omega-hydroxy-alkyl-urethanes comprising the reaction of urea with diols catalyzed by cerium or zirconium catalysts at temperatures in the range 125 - 170°C, preferably 130- 155°C, for 4-20 h, with hierarchical elimination of ammonia and water. Ammonia is released from the reaction mixture also at ambient pressure without vacuum.
  • Scheme 3 Hierarchical elimination of ammonia and water from urea and diols with formation of oligomeric urethanes.
  • Oligomers can be used in a variety of applications including the synthesis of PURs.
  • the invention is better illustrated by the following examples.
  • FTIR spectra were registered with a Shimadzu Prestige 21 instrument by using either the net sample on KBr discs (if liquid) or its dispersion in Nujol or KBr (if solid), as specified.
  • GC analyses for monomeric cyclic carbonates and cyclic carbamates were carried out using an Agilent 6850 instrument equipped with FID and a Zebron ZB-50 capillary column. Linear carbamates were dosed by HPLC using a Jasco instrument equipped with a UV detector, at 254 nm, and a Rezex ROA column at 40°C with CH3CN / H2O 1 : 1 as mobile phase with a 0.6 mL/min flux.
  • a THERMO GC-TCD equipped with a PLEL 1010 PLOT Supelco capillary column was used for NH3 determination. Multinuclear NMR spectra were recorded by means of a Bruker 600 MHz. LC-MS was carried out with a high accuracy Q-TOF Agilent 6530. A Pulverisette 5 was used for HEM.
  • Figure 2a shows the 1 H-NMR spectrum of compound 7 originated from 1,3 -PDO and urea with signal attribution.
  • Figure 2b shows that in D2O, the proton signals of -NH, -NH2 and -OH moieties of 7 disappear due to the H-D exchange with the solvent.
  • Figure 3 shows the 13 C spectrum of 7. Signals are coherent with a dimeric structure of the carbamate formed upon water elimination between two monomeric carbamates
  • Figure 4 shows the LC-MS of oligomeric product 8 obtained from 1,3-BDO and urea (Example 4).
  • IR (neat cm 1 ): v (OH) 3404, v (NH) 3263, v (CH) 2958, v (C 0) 1695, d (NH) 1616, d (OH) 1417, v (CN) 1248, v (C-OH) 1086, d (CH) 742;
  • nano-sized (50 nm) CeC used in the same conditions as ZnO, affords the same or even better conversion yields and selectivity towards the mono carbamates and is quantitatively recovered after reaction, while ZnO is dissolved in the reaction mixture as Zn(NH 3 ) 4 (NCO) 2 and lost.
  • the use of Ce or Zr-derivatives is a very positive fact as the catalyst is recovered and recycled, while the product is not contaminated with the metal.
  • Example 3 Synthesis of dimeric urethane from 1,3-propanediol and urea, 7 5.0 g (65.7 mmol) of 1,3-propanediol, 3.9 g (65.7 mmol) of powdered urea, 0.19 g of CeCk (or any other catalyst mentioned above) were reacted for 15 h at 165°C and a low- melting (above 40°C) waxy product was formed that was extracted with 5 mL of diethyl ether in order to extract the unreacted diol and any other soluble monomeric compound. Then the waxy mass was washed with 1 mL of water to extract urea.
  • the low melting solid was heated at 47°C and filtered using a sintered glass filter in order to separate the catalyst that was recovered.
  • the waxy solid was characterized by FTIR, 'H and 13 C NMR (see Figs. 1-3) and shown to be a urethane 1 dimer.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)

Abstract

La synthèse d'oméga-hydroxyalkyl-uréthanes et d'alpha-oméga-diuréthanes qui comprend la mise en réaction de diols avec de l'urée en présence de catalyseurs à base de Ce à des températures comprises entre 125 et 170 °C pendant un temps de réaction de 4 à 8 heures. L'invention concerne également un procédé de production d'oligomères d'oméga-hydroxyalkyl-uréthanes fondé sur la mise en réaction d'urée avec des diols en présence de catalyseurs Ce ou Zr ou d'oxydes mixtes de Ce à 125-170 °C sur une durée de 4 à 20 h.
EP21730108.4A 2020-05-19 2021-05-19 Procédé de synthèse d'oméga-hydroxy-uréthanes, d'alpha-oméga-diuréthanes et d'oligo (poly)uréthanes exempts d'isocyanate Withdrawn EP4153649A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000011626A IT202000011626A1 (it) 2020-05-19 2020-05-19 Processo per la preparazione di poliuretani esenti da isocianati per co-polimerizzazione di dioli con urea in presenza di ossidi metallici come catalizzatori
PCT/EP2021/063249 WO2021233976A1 (fr) 2020-05-19 2021-05-19 Procédé de synthèse d'oméga-hydroxy-uréthanes, d'alpha-oméga-diuréthanes et d'oligo (poly)uréthanes exempts d'isocyanate

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4153649A1 true EP4153649A1 (fr) 2023-03-29

Family

ID=72356242

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21730108.4A Withdrawn EP4153649A1 (fr) 2020-05-19 2021-05-19 Procédé de synthèse d'oméga-hydroxy-uréthanes, d'alpha-oméga-diuréthanes et d'oligo (poly)uréthanes exempts d'isocyanate

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4153649A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT202000011626A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021233976A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4443622A (en) * 1981-05-15 1984-04-17 West Point Pepperell, Inc. Method for making carbamates
US4868327A (en) 1987-06-03 1989-09-19 Carter-Wallace, Inc. Synthesis of 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol
US4982016A (en) 1989-06-06 1991-01-01 Carter-Wallace, Inc. Conversion of diethyl phenylmalonate to 2-phenyl-1,3-propanediol
JPH0672983A (ja) * 1992-08-28 1994-03-15 Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc アルキレングリコールモノカーバメートの製造方法
WO1994006737A1 (fr) 1992-09-18 1994-03-31 Schering Corporation Procede de preparation de felbamate, 2-phenyl-3-propanediol et intermediaires
CN105473640B (zh) * 2013-08-15 2019-12-31 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 制造聚氨基甲酸酯的方法、由其制造的聚氨基甲酸酯以及包含所述聚氨基甲酸酯的涂料组合物
EP2873661B1 (fr) 2013-11-14 2015-10-07 Arkema France Procédé de synthèse de carbonate de triméthylène à partir de 1,3-propanediol et d'urée par catalyse hétérogène

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2021233976A1 (fr) 2021-11-25
IT202000011626A1 (it) 2021-11-19

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