EP4151926A1 - Kältekreislaufvorrichtung - Google Patents

Kältekreislaufvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4151926A1
EP4151926A1 EP20935247.5A EP20935247A EP4151926A1 EP 4151926 A1 EP4151926 A1 EP 4151926A1 EP 20935247 A EP20935247 A EP 20935247A EP 4151926 A1 EP4151926 A1 EP 4151926A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refrigerant
storage container
valve
heat exchanger
refrigeration cycle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20935247.5A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP4151926A4 (de
Inventor
Komei NAKAJIMA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mitsubishi Electric Corp filed Critical Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Publication of EP4151926A1 publication Critical patent/EP4151926A1/de
Publication of EP4151926A4 publication Critical patent/EP4151926A4/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/26—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves of fluid flow reversing valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00—Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20—Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0314—Temperature sensors near the indoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/031—Sensor arrangements
    • F25B2313/0315—Temperature sensors near the outdoor heat exchanger
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/13—Economisers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00—General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/16—Receivers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2116—Temperatures of a condenser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
    • F25B2700/21—Temperatures
    • F25B2700/2117—Temperatures of an evaporator

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle apparatus.
  • an air conditioner which includes a refrigerant circuit having a liquid receiver.
  • refrigerant is stored into the liquid receiver in accordance with an operation state, thereby adjusting a degree of supercooling of the refrigerant. This leads to improved performance of refrigeration cycle.
  • Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 10-111047 discloses an air conditioner including a refrigerant circuit having a liquid receiver (storage container).
  • refrigerant flows in the order of a refrigerant compressing device, a four-way valve, a condenser, a first expansion device, the liquid receiver (storage container), a second expansion device, an evaporator, and a four-way valve.
  • the refrigerant circuit includes the first expansion device and the second expansion device. Therefore, the refrigerant circuit needs to control two expansion valves, thus resulting in decreased controllability of the expansion valves.
  • the present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and has an object to provide a refrigeration cycle apparatus to improve performance of refrigeration cycle using a storage container and improve controllability of an expansion valve.
  • a refrigeration cycle apparatus of the present disclosure comprises a refrigerant circuit and a refrigerant storage circuit.
  • a compressor, an outdoor heat exchanger, an expansion valve, and an indoor heat exchanger are connected together by a pipe.
  • the refrigerant storage circuit is connected to the refrigerant circuit.
  • the pipe has a first pipe portion and a second pipe portion.
  • the first pipe portion connects the outdoor heat exchanger to the expansion valve.
  • the second pipe portion connects the indoor heat exchanger to the compressor.
  • the refrigerant storage circuit has a storage container, an expander, and a valve device.
  • the storage container stores refrigerant.
  • the expander is located between the storage container and the second pipe portion.
  • the valve device is located between the first pipe portion and the expander.
  • the valve device is configured to open and close the refrigerant storage circuit.
  • the valve device is configured to open and close the refrigerant storage circuit having the storage container. Therefore, since the valve device opens and closes the refrigerant storage circuit to store the refrigerant into the storage container in accordance with an operating state, performance of refrigeration cycle can be improved.
  • the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger are connected together by the pipe. Therefore, with one expansion valve, controllability of the expansion valve can be improved.
  • a configuration of a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to Fig. 1 .
  • Examples of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 includes an air conditioner, a refrigerator, and the like.
  • an air conditioner will be described as an exemplary refrigeration cycle apparatus 100.
  • Refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 has a refrigerant circuit C1, a refrigerant storage circuit C2, a controller CD, a first blower apparatus 2a, a second blower apparatus 4a, a first temperature sensor 5a, a second temperature sensor 5b, a third temperature sensor 5c, and a fourth temperature sensor 5d.
  • Refrigerant circuit C1 includes a compressor 1, an outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, an expansion valve 3, and an indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4.
  • Refrigerant circuit C1 is configured to allow refrigerant to flow in the order of compressor 1, outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, expansion valve 3, and indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4.
  • Refrigerant circuit C1 is configured to circulate the refrigerant. The refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 while changing its phase.
  • Pipe P has a first pipe portion P1, a second pipe portion P2, a third pipe portion P3, and a fourth pipe portion P4.
  • First pipe portion P1 connects outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2 to expansion valve 3.
  • Second pipe portion P2 connects indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4 to compressor 1.
  • Third pipe portion P3 connects expansion valve 3 to indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4.
  • Fourth pipe portion P4 connects compressor 1 to outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2.
  • Compressor 1 outdoor heat exchanger 2, first blower apparatus 2a, expansion valve 3, first temperature sensor 5a, second temperature sensor 5b, and controller CD are accommodated in an outdoor unit 101.
  • Outdoor unit 101 and indoor unit 102 are connected together by a gas pipe 103 and a liquid pipe 104. It should be noted that portions of pipe P constitute gas pipe 103 and liquid pipe 104.
  • Controller CD is configured to control each device and the like of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 by performing calculation, instruction and the like. Controller CD is electrically connected to compressor 1, expansion valve 3, first blower apparatus 2a, second blower apparatus 4a, and the like, and is configured to control operations thereof. Controller CD is electrically connected to each of first temperature sensor 5a, second temperature sensor 5b, third temperature sensor 5c, and fourth temperature sensor 5d, and is configured to control each device and the like based on signals detected by these sensors. Controller CD is constituted of, for example, a microcomputer. Controller CD includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and the like. The ROM stores a control program.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • ROM Read Only Memory
  • Compressor 1 is configured to compress the refrigerant.
  • Compressor 1 is configured to compress the suctioned refrigerant and discharge the refrigerant.
  • Compressor 1 may be variable in capacity.
  • Compressor 1 may be configured to be changed in capacity by adjusting the rotation speed of compressor 1 based on an instruction from controller CD.
  • Outdoor heat exchanger 2 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing inside outdoor heat exchanger 2 and air flowing outside outdoor heat exchanger 2. Outdoor heat exchanger 2 is configured to function as a condenser. Outdoor heat exchanger 2 is a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of fins and a heat transfer tube extending through the plurality of fins.
  • Expansion valve 3 is configured to expand the refrigerant condensed in outdoor heat exchanger 2 so as to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant.
  • Expansion valve 3 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve.
  • the electromagnetic valve is configured to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant based on an instruction from controller CD.
  • Indoor heat exchanger 4 is configured to exchange heat between the refrigerant flowing inside indoor heat exchanger 4 and air flowing outside indoor heat exchanger 4. Indoor heat exchanger 4 is configured to function as an evaporator. Indoor heat exchanger 4 is a fin-and-tube type heat exchanger having a plurality of fins and a heat transfer tube extending through the plurality of fins.
  • First blower apparatus 2a is configured to blow outdoor air to outdoor heat exchanger 2. That is, first blower apparatus 2a is configured to supply air to outdoor heat exchanger 2. First blower apparatus 2a may be configured to adjust an amount of air flowing around outdoor heat exchanger 2 by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan of first blower apparatus 2a based on an instruction from controller CD, thereby adjusting an amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air.
  • Second blower apparatus 4a is configured to blow indoor air to indoor heat exchanger 4. That is, second blower apparatus 4a is configured to supply air to indoor heat exchanger 4. Second blower apparatus 4a may be configured to adjust an amount of air flowing around indoor heat exchanger 4 by adjusting the rotation speed of the fan of second blower apparatus 4a based on an instruction from controller CD, thereby adjusting an amount of heat exchanged between the refrigerant and the air.
  • First temperature sensor 5a is connected to outdoor heat exchanger 2.
  • First temperature sensor 5a is configured to detect the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through outdoor heat exchanger 2.
  • Second temperature sensor 5b is connected to first pipe portion P1. Second temperature sensor 5b is configured to detect the temperature of the refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2.
  • Third temperature sensor 5c is connected to indoor heat exchanger 4. Third temperature sensor 5c is configured to detect the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through indoor heat exchanger 4. Fourth temperature sensor 5d is connected to third pipe portion P3. Fourth temperature sensor 5d is configured to detect the temperature of the refrigerant flowing into indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • Refrigerant storage circuit C2 is configured to store the refrigerant.
  • Refrigerant storage circuit C2 is connected to refrigerant circuit C1.
  • Refrigerant storage circuit C2 has a valve device 11, a storage container 12, and an expander 13.
  • valve device 11, storage container 12, and expander 13 are connected together by pipe P.
  • valve device 11 is located between first pipe portion P1 and expander 13. Valve device 11 is configured to open and close refrigerant storage circuit C2. Valve device 11 is configured to open and close refrigerant storage circuit C2 based on an instruction from controller CD. Valve device 11 is, for example, an electromagnetic valve. The electromagnetic valve is configured to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant based on an instruction from controller CD.
  • Storage container 12 is configured to store the refrigerant. Storage container 12 is configured to discharge the refrigerant. That is, storage container 12 is configured to temporarily store the refrigerant and then discharge the refrigerant. Thus, storage container 12 is configured to receive and send the refrigerant.
  • expander 13 is located between storage container 12 and second pipe portion P2. Expander 13 is configured to expand the refrigerant having flowed out from storage container 12, thereby reducing the pressure of the refrigerant. Expander 13 is, for example, a capillary tube. The electromagnetic valve is configured to adjust the flow rate of the refrigerant based on an instruction from controller CD.
  • the refrigerant storage circuit has an inflow path IF, a first outflow path OF1, and a second outflow path OF2.
  • Inflow path IF is configured to allow the refrigerant to flow into storage container 12.
  • Inflow path IF is connected to first pipe portion P1 and storage container 12.
  • the flow inlet of inflow path IF is located inside storage container 12.
  • the flow inlet of inflow path IF is located below the flow outlet of first outflow path OF1 and is located above the flow outlet of second outflow path OF2.
  • First outflow path OF1 is configured to allow the refrigerant in a gas state to flow out from storage container 12.
  • First outflow path OF1 is connected to storage container 12 and expander 13.
  • the discharge port of first outflow path OF1 is located inside storage container 12.
  • the discharge port of first outflow path OF1 is located above the flow inlet of inflow path IF and second outflow path OF2.
  • Second outflow path OF2 is configured to allow the refrigerant in a liquid state to flow out from storage container 12.
  • Second outflow path OF2 is connected to storage container 12 and expander 13.
  • the discharge port of second outflow path OF2 is located inside storage container 12.
  • the discharge port of second outflow path OF2 is located below inflow path IF and first outflow path OF1.
  • valve device 11 When storing the refrigerant into storage container 12, valve device 11 is configured to open inflow path IF and first outflow path OF1 and close second outflow path OF2. When recovering the refrigerant from storage container 12, valve device 11 is configured to close first outflow path OF1 and open second outflow path OF2.
  • Valve device 11 has a first valve 11a, a second valve 11b, and a third valve 11c.
  • First valve 11a, second valve 11b, and third valve 11c are independently controllable.
  • First valve 11a is configured to open and close inflow path IF.
  • First valve 11a is connected to first pipe portion P1 and storage container 12 by pipe P.
  • Second valve 11b is configured to open and close first outflow path OF1.
  • Second valve 11b is connected to storage container 12 and expander 13 by pipe P.
  • Third valve 11c is configured to open and close second outflow path OF2.
  • Third valve 11c is connected to storage container 12 and expander 13 by pipe P.
  • first valve 11a When storing the refrigerant into storage container 12, first valve 11a is configured to open inflow path IF, second valve 11b is configured to open first outflow path OF1, and third valve 11c is configured to close second outflow path OF2.
  • second valve 11b When recovering the refrigerant from storage container 12, second valve 11b is configured to close first outflow path OF1 and third valve 11c is configured to open second outflow path OF2.
  • Controller CD will be described in detail with reference to Fig. 2 .
  • Controller CD has a control unit CD1, a compressor driving unit CD2, an expansion valve driving unit CD3, a blower apparatus driving unit CD4, a valve device driving unit CDS, and a temperature measuring unit CD6.
  • Control unit CD1 is configured to control compressor driving unit CD2, expansion valve driving unit CD3, blower apparatus driving unit CD4, valve device driving unit CD5, and temperature measuring unit CD6.
  • Compressor driving unit CD2 is configured to drive compressor 1 based on an instruction from control unit CD1.
  • compressor driving unit CD2 is configured to control the rotation speed of a motor of compressor 1 by controlling the frequency of AC current flowing through a motor of compressor 1.
  • Expansion valve driving unit CD3 is configured to drive expansion valve 3 based on an instruction from control unit CD1.
  • expansion valve driving unit CD3 is configured to control a degree of opening of expansion valve 3 by controlling a driving source such as a motor of expansion valve 3.
  • Blower apparatus driving unit CD4 is configured to drive first blower apparatus 2a and second blower apparatus 4a based on an instruction from control unit CD1.
  • blower apparatus driving unit CD4 is configured to control the rotation speeds of the fans of first blower apparatus 2a and second blower apparatus 4a by controlling drive sources such as the motors of first blower apparatus 2a and second blower apparatus 4a.
  • Valve device driving unit CD5 is configured to drive valve device 11 based on an instruction from control unit CD1.
  • valve device driving unit CD5 is configured to control a degree of opening of valve device 11 by controlling a driving source such as a motor of valve device 11.
  • Temperature measuring unit CD6 is configured to measure the temperature of the refrigerant based on signals from first to fourth temperature sensors 5a to 5d and transmit, to control unit CD1, a signal that is based on the temperature of the refrigerant.
  • valve device 11 is painted in black to indicate that valve device 11 is in a closed state.
  • valve device 11 painted in black indicates the closed state.
  • the refrigerant having flowed into compressor 1 is compressed by compressor 1 to become high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, which is then discharged from compressor 1.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant flows into outdoor heat exchanger 2, is condensed by outdoor heat exchanger 2 to become liquid refrigerant, which then flows out from outdoor heat exchanger 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows into expansion valve 3, is reduced in pressure by expansion valve 3 to become low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then flows out from expansion valve 3.
  • the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into indoor heat exchanger 4, is evaporated by indoor heat exchanger 4 to become gas refrigerant, which then flows out from indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the gas refrigerant flows into compressor 1. In this way, the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1.
  • Valve device 11 closes refrigerant storage circuit C2. Specifically, all of first valve 11a, second valve 11b, and third valve 11c close refrigerant storage circuit C2. Therefore, the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 does not flow into storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2. Further, refrigerant 20 stored in storage container 12 does not flow into refrigerant circuit C1.
  • the low-load operation and high-load operation are performed, the low-load operation being an operation in which the rotation speed of compressor 1 is low, the high-load operation being an operation in which the rotation speed of compressor 1 is high.
  • a refrigerant amount with which performance of refrigeration cycle is maximum in the high-load operation is smaller than that in the low-load operation. Accordingly, the amount of the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit C1 during the low-load operation is larger than that during the high-load operation, and the amount of refrigerant 20 stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 during the low-load operation is smaller than that during the high-load operation.
  • FIG. 3 the following describes an operation of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment during the high-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as in the low-load operation.
  • Valve device 11 closes refrigerant storage circuit C2 in the same manner as in the low-load operation.
  • the amount of the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit C1 during the high-load operation is smaller than that during the low-load operation, and the amount of refrigerant 20 stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 during the high-load operation is larger than that during the low-load operation.
  • valve device 11 opens inflow path IF and first outflow path OF1 and closes second outflow path OF2.
  • first valve 11a opens inflow path IF
  • second valve 11b opens first outflow path OF1
  • third valve 11c closes second outflow path OF2.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 via inflow path IF, and is stored into storage container 12.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out from first outflow path OF1.
  • the liquid refrigerant is stored into storage container 12.
  • valve device 11 closes first outflow path OF1 and opens second outflow path OF2.
  • Valve device 11 opens inflow path IF.
  • second valve 11b closes first outflow path OF1
  • third valve 11c opens second outflow path OF2.
  • first valve 11a opens inflow path IF.
  • the refrigerant is recovered to refrigerant circuit C1.
  • the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 is recovered.
  • the amount of liquid refrigerant flowing out from storage container 12 should be larger than the amount of liquid refrigerant flowing into storage container 12.
  • the amount of liquid refrigerant flowing into storage container 12 may be reduced by stopping the rotation of the fan of first blower apparatus 2a or the like.
  • refrigerant amount adjustment in refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 will be described with reference to Figs. 1 , 2 , and 6 .
  • the refrigerant amount is adjusted based on a degree of supercooling (subcooling).
  • a subcooling (SC) is calculated (step S2).
  • the subcooling (SC) is calculated by control unit CD1 in accordance with a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant detected by first temperature sensor 5a and the temperature of the refrigerant detected by second temperature sensor 5b.
  • the subcooling (SC) is calculated in accordance with a difference between the temperature of the refrigerant detected by third temperature sensor 5c and the temperature of the refrigerant detected by fourth temperature sensor 5d.
  • a target subcooling (SC) is calculated (step S3).
  • the target subcooling (SC) is calculated by control unit CD1 in accordance with the rotation speed of compressor 1 and the outdoor air temperature.
  • control unit CD1 determines whether or not the subcooling (SC) is smaller than a target SC- ⁇ obtained by providing a margin to the target subcooling (SC) on the low temperature side (step S4).
  • the refrigerant recovering operation is performed (step S5).
  • the subcooling (SC) is smaller than target SC-a, it is determined that the refrigerant amount is insufficient.
  • control unit CD1 determines whether or not the subcooling (SC) is larger than a target SC+ ⁇ obtained by providing a margin to the target subcooling (SC) on the high temperature side (step S6).
  • the subcooling (SC) is larger than target SC+ ⁇
  • the refrigerant storing operation is performed (step S7).
  • the subcooling (SC) is larger than target SC+ ⁇ , it is determined that the refrigerant amount is excessive.
  • control unit CD1 determines whether or not the subcooling (SC) is larger than target SC- ⁇ and smaller than target SC+ ⁇ (step S8).
  • the subcooling (SC) is calculated again.
  • the refrigerant amount adjustment is ended (step S9).
  • the following describes a relation between the refrigerant amount and a coefficient of performance (COP) in each of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment and the comparative example.
  • the refrigerant amount is different between the low-load operation and the high-load operation, with the result that the coefficient of performance (COP) can be improved.
  • the refrigerant amount is unchanged between the low-load operation and the high-load operation, with the result that it is difficult to improve the coefficient of performance (COP) in both the low-load operation and the high-load operation.
  • valve device 11 is configured to open and close refrigerant storage circuit C2 having storage container 12. Therefore, since valve device 11 opens and closes refrigerant storage circuit C2 to store the refrigerant into storage container 12 in accordance with the operation state, the performance of the refrigeration cycle can be improved.
  • refrigerant circuit C1 compressor 1, outdoor heat exchanger 2, expansion valve 3, and indoor heat exchanger 4 are connected together by pipe P. Therefore, with one expansion valve 3, controllability of expansion valve 3 can be improved.
  • first valve 11a opens inflow path IF
  • second valve 11b opens first outflow path OF1
  • third valve 11c closes second outflow path OF2.
  • second valve 11b closes first outflow path OF1
  • third valve 11c opens second outflow path OF2. Therefore, the amount of refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit C1 can be adjusted.
  • the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment has the same configuration, operation, function and effect as those of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment unless otherwise described particularly.
  • refrigerant circuit C1 has a four-way valve 6.
  • Refrigerant circuit C1 is configured to allow the refrigerant to flow in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger 2 or indoor heat exchanger 4), expansion valve 3, the evaporator (indoor heat exchanger 4 or outdoor heat exchanger 2) and four-way valve 6.
  • refrigerant storage circuit C2 has a first check valve 14a and a second check valve 14b.
  • outdoor heat exchanger 2 is configured to function as a condenser in the cooling operation and function as an evaporator in the heating operation.
  • Indoor heat exchanger 4 is configured to function as an evaporator in the cooling operation and function as a condenser in the heating operation.
  • Four-way valve 6 is connected to compressor 1, outdoor heat exchanger 2, and indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • Four-way valve 6 is configured to switch the flow of the refrigerant so as to allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to outdoor heat exchanger 2 in the cooling operation and allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to indoor heat exchanger 4 in the heating operation.
  • first check valve 14a and second check valve 14b are located in parallel with valve device 11.
  • first check valve 14a is located at pipe P branched from between outdoor heat exchanger 2 and expansion valve 3.
  • second check valve 14b is located at pipe P branched from between indoor heat exchanger 4 and expansion valve 3.
  • Each of first check valve 14a and second check valve 14b is configured to allow the refrigerant to flow toward valve device 11 and avoid the refrigerant from flowing opposite to valve device 11.
  • controller CD has a four-way valve driving unit CD7.
  • Four-way valve driving unit CD7 is configured to drive four-way valve 6 based on an instruction from control unit CD1.
  • four-way valve driving unit CD7 is configured to control switching of four-way valve 6 by controlling a driving source such as a motor of four-way valve 6.
  • Fig. 8 the following describes an operation of the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment during the low-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment can selectively perform the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, expansion valve 3, indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4, and four-way valve 6.
  • the following describes an operation of the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment during the high-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • Fig. 11 the following describes an operation (refrigerant storing operation) of storing refrigerant into storage container 12.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into refrigerant storage circuit C2 via first pipe portion P1.
  • the liquid refrigerant having flowed into refrigerant storage circuit C2 passes through first check valve 14a, flows into storage container 12 through first valve 11a, and is stored into storage container 12.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out from first outflow path OF1. In this way, in the refrigerant storing operation, the liquid refrigerant is stored into storage container 12.
  • Fig. 12 the following describes an operation (refrigerant recovering operation) of recovering the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into refrigerant storage circuit C2 via first pipe portion P1.
  • the liquid refrigerant having flowed into refrigerant storage circuit C2 passes through first check valve 14a, flows into storage container 12 through first valve 11a, and flows out from second outflow path OF2. In this way, in the refrigerant recovering operation, the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 is recovered.
  • Fig. 8 the following describes an operation of the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment during the low-load operation in the heating operation.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from compressor 1 flows into indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 4, is condensed by indoor heat exchanger 4 to become liquid refrigerant, which then flows out from indoor heat exchanger 4.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows into expansion valve 3, is reduced in pressure by expansion valve 3 to become low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, which then flows out from expansion valve 3.
  • the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flows into outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 2, is evaporated by outdoor heat exchanger 2 to become gas refrigerant, which then flows out from outdoor heat exchanger 2.
  • the gas refrigerant flows into compressor 1 through four-way valve 6.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1. That is, in the heating operation, the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 4, expansion valve 3, outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 2, and four-way valve 6.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • four-way valve 6 is configured to switch the flow of the refrigerant so as to allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to outdoor heat exchanger 2 in the cooling operation and allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to indoor heat exchanger 4 in the heating operation. Therefore, the refrigerant can be stored into storage container 12 in both the cooling operation and the heating operation. For this reason, in both the cooling operation and the heating operation, the performance of the refrigeration cycle can be improved by storage container 12 and the controllability of expansion valve 3 can be improved.
  • a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to a second embodiment has the same configuration, operation, function and effect as those of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment unless otherwise described particularly.
  • valve device 11 is a three-way valve 11d.
  • three-way valve 11d is located among first outflow path OF1, second outflow path OF2, and expander 13.
  • Three-way valve 11d is configured to make switching as to whether to allow the refrigerant to flow from first outflow path OF1 to expander 13 or allow the refrigerant to flow from second outflow path OF2 to expander 13.
  • three-way valve 11d When storing the refrigerant into storage container 12, three-way valve 11d is configured to connect first outflow path OF1 to expander 13. When recovering the refrigerant from storage container 12, three-way valve 11d is configured to connect second outflow path OF2 to expander 13.
  • FIG. 13 the following describes an operation of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment during the low-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, expansion valve 3, and indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4.
  • Valve device 11 closes refrigerant storage circuit C2. Specifically, three-way valve 11d closes refrigerant storage circuit C2. Therefore, the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 does not flow into refrigerant circuit C1.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • Three-way valve 11d closes refrigerant storage circuit C2 in the same manner as in the low-load operation.
  • the amount of the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit C 1 during the high-load operation is smaller than that during the low-load operation, and the amount of refrigerant 20 stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 during the high-load operation is larger than that during the low-load operation.
  • Fig. 15 the following describes an operation (refrigerant storing operation) of storing the refrigerant into storage container 12.
  • three-way valve 11d connects first outflow path OF1 to expander 13.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 via inflow path IF, and is stored into storage container 12.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out from first outflow path OF1 to expander 13. In this way, in the refrigerant storing operation, the liquid refrigerant is stored into storage container 12.
  • Fig. 16 the following describes an operation (refrigerant recovering operation) of recovering the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2.
  • three-way valve 11d connects second outflow path OF2 to expander 13.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 via inflow path IF, and flows out to expander 13 via second outflow path OF2. In this way, in the refrigerant recovering operation, the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 is recovered.
  • refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the second embodiment when storing the refrigerant into storage container 12, three-way valve 11d connects first outflow path OF1 to expander 13. When recovering the refrigerant from storage container 12, three-way valve 11d connects second outflow path OF2 to expander 13. Therefore, refrigerant storage circuit C2 can be opened and closed by one three-way valve 11d. Therefore, the number of driving circuits for driving valves can be reduced as compared with the case where valve device 11 has three valves. Therefore, cost of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 can be reduced.
  • the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment has the same configuration, operation, function and effect as those of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment unless otherwise described particularly.
  • refrigerant circuit C1 has a four-way valve 6.
  • Refrigerant circuit C1 is configured to allow the refrigerant to flow in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger 2 or indoor heat exchanger 4), expansion valve 3, the evaporator (indoor heat exchanger 4 or outdoor heat exchanger 2) and four-way valve 6.
  • Refrigerant storage circuit C2 has a first check valve 14a and a second check valve 14b.
  • the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment can selectively perform the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, expansion valve 3, indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4, and four-way valve 6.
  • the following describes an operation of the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment during the high-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • the following describes an operation of the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment during the operation (refrigerant storing operation) of storing refrigerant into storage container 12.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into refrigerant storage circuit C2 via first pipe portion P1.
  • the liquid refrigerant having flowed into refrigerant storage circuit C2 passes through first check valve 14a, flows into storage container 12, and is stored into storage container 12.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out from first outflow path OF1. In this way, in the refrigerant storing operation, the liquid refrigerant is stored in storage container 12.
  • Fig. 20 the following describes an operation (refrigerant recovering operation) of recovering the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into refrigerant storage circuit C2 via first pipe portion P1.
  • the liquid refrigerant having flowed into refrigerant storage circuit C2 passes through first check valve 14a, flows into storage container 12, and flows out from second outflow path OF2. In this way, in the refrigerant recovering operation, the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 is recovered.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 4, expansion valve 3, outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 2, and four-way valve 6.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • four-way valve 6 is configured to switch the flow of the refrigerant so as to allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to outdoor heat exchanger 2 in the cooling operation and allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to indoor heat exchanger 4 in the heating operation. Therefore, the refrigerant can be stored into storage container 12 in both the cooling operation and the heating operation. For this reason, in both the cooling operation and the heating operation, the performance of the refrigeration cycle can be improved by storage container 12 and the controllability of expansion valve 3 can be improved.
  • a refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment has the same configuration, operation, function and effect as those of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment unless otherwise described particularly.
  • valve device 11 is a five-way valve 11e.
  • five-way valve 110e is located among first pipe portion P1, storage container 12, and expander 13.
  • Five-way valve 11e is configured to make switching as to whether to allow the refrigerant to flow from first pipe portion P1 to storage container 12 or allow the refrigerant to flow from storage container 12 to expander 13.
  • Five-way valve 11e forms portions of inflow path IF, first outflow path OF1, and second outflow path OF2.
  • five-way valve 11e When storing the refrigerant into storage container 12, five-way valve 11e is configured to connect first pipe portion P1 to storage container 12 so as to form inflow path IF and connect storage container 12 to expander 13 so as to form first outflow path OF1. When recovering the refrigerant from storage container 12, five-way valve 11e is configured to connect storage container 12 to expander 13 so as to form second outflow path OF2.
  • FIG. 21 the following describes an operation of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment during the low-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, expansion valve 3, and indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4.
  • Valve device 11 closes refrigerant storage circuit C2. Specifically, five-way valve 11e closes refrigerant storage circuit C2. Therefore, the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 does not flow into refrigerant circuit C1.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • Five-way valve 11e closes refrigerant storage circuit C2 in the same manner as in the low-load operation.
  • the amount of the refrigerant flowing through refrigerant circuit C1 during the high-load operation is smaller than that during the low-load operation, and the amount of refrigerant 20 stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2 during the high-load operation is larger than that during the low-load operation.
  • FIG. 23 the following describes an operation of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment during an operation (refrigerant storing operation) of storing refrigerant into storage container 12.
  • five-way valve 11e connects first pipe portion P1 to storage container 12 so as to form inflow path IF, and connects storage container 12 to expander 13 so as to form first outflow path OF1.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into storage container 12 via inflow path IF, and is stored into storage container 12.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out from first outflow path OF1 to expander 13. In this way, in the refrigerant storing operation, the liquid refrigerant is stored into storage container 12.
  • Fig. 24 the following describes an operation (refrigerant recovering operation) of recovering the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2.
  • five-way valve 11e is configured to connect storage container 12 to expander 13 so as to form second outflow path OF2.
  • the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 flows out from second outflow path OF2 to expander 13. In this way, in the refrigerant recovering operation, the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 is recovered.
  • refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 of the third embodiment when storing the refrigerant into storage container 12, five-way valve 11e connects first pipe portion P1 to storage container 12 so as to form inflow path IF and connects storage container 12 to expander 13 so as to form first outflow path OF1.
  • five-way valve 11e connects storage container 12 to expander 13 so as to form second outflow path OF2. Therefore, refrigerant storage circuit C2 can be opened and closed by one five-way valve 11e. Therefore, the number of driving circuits for driving valves can be reduced as compared with the case where valve device 11 has three valves. Therefore, cost can be reduced.
  • the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment has the same configuration, operation, function and effect as those of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment unless otherwise described particularly.
  • refrigerant circuit C1 has a four-way valve 6.
  • Refrigerant circuit C1 is configured to allow the refrigerant to flow in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger 2 or indoor heat exchanger 4), expansion valve 3, the evaporator (indoor heat exchanger 4 or outdoor heat exchanger 2) and four-way valve 6.
  • Refrigerant storage circuit C2 has a first check valve 14a and a second check valve 14b.
  • the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment can selectively perform the cooling operation and the heating operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, outdoor heat exchanger (condenser) 2, expansion valve 3, indoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 4, and four-way valve 6.
  • the following describes an operation of the modification of refrigeration cycle apparatus 100 according to the third embodiment during the high-load operation in the cooling operation.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • Fig. 27 the following describes an operation (refrigerant storing operation) of storing refrigerant into storage container 12.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into refrigerant storage circuit C2 via first pipe portion P1.
  • the liquid refrigerant having flowed into refrigerant storage circuit C2 passes through first check valve 14a, flows into storage container 12, and is stored into storage container 12.
  • the gas refrigerant flows out from first outflow path OF1. In this way, in the refrigerant storing operation, the liquid refrigerant is stored in storage container 12.
  • Fig. 28 the following describes an operation (refrigerant recovering operation) of recovering the refrigerant stored in storage container 12 of refrigerant storage circuit C2.
  • Part of the liquid refrigerant having flowed out from outdoor heat exchanger 2 flows into refrigerant storage circuit C2 via first pipe portion P1.
  • the liquid refrigerant having flowed into refrigerant storage circuit C2 passes through first check valve 14a, flows into storage container 12, and flows out from second outflow path OF2. In this way, in the refrigerant recovering operation, the liquid refrigerant stored in storage container 12 is recovered.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the order of compressor 1, four-way valve 6, indoor heat exchanger (condenser) 4, expansion valve 3, outdoor heat exchanger (evaporator) 2, and four-way valve 6.
  • the refrigerant circulates in refrigerant circuit C1 in the same manner as during the low-load operation.
  • four-way valve 6 is configured to switch the flow of the refrigerant so as to allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to outdoor heat exchanger 2 in the cooling operation and allow the refrigerant to flow from compressor 1 to indoor heat exchanger 4 in the heating operation. Therefore, the refrigerant can be stored in storage container 12 in both the cooling operation and the heating operation. For this reason, in both the cooling operation and the heating operation, the performance of the refrigeration cycle can be improved by storage container 12 and the controllability of expansion valve 3 can be improved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Compression-Type Refrigeration Machines With Reversible Cycles (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
EP20935247.5A 2020-05-11 2020-05-11 Kältekreislaufvorrichtung Pending EP4151926A4 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

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PCT/JP2020/018843 WO2021229647A1 (ja) 2020-05-11 2020-05-11 冷凍サイクル装置

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JPH10111047A (ja) 1996-10-03 1998-04-28 Hitachi Ltd 空気調和機
JP4258553B2 (ja) * 2007-01-31 2009-04-30 ダイキン工業株式会社 熱源ユニット及び冷凍装置
JP2010127531A (ja) * 2008-11-27 2010-06-10 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 冷凍空調装置
JP2012207823A (ja) * 2011-03-29 2012-10-25 Fujitsu General Ltd 冷凍サイクル装置
CN104949402B (zh) * 2014-03-28 2019-03-05 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 冷媒调节器、冷媒调节方法及空调器

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JPWO2021229647A1 (de) 2021-11-18

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