EP4150720A1 - Steckverbinder zur symmetrischen signalübertragung - Google Patents
Steckverbinder zur symmetrischen signalübertragungInfo
- Publication number
- EP4150720A1 EP4150720A1 EP21722504.4A EP21722504A EP4150720A1 EP 4150720 A1 EP4150720 A1 EP 4150720A1 EP 21722504 A EP21722504 A EP 21722504A EP 4150720 A1 EP4150720 A1 EP 4150720A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- connector
- plug
- conductors
- dielectric
- free space
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/646—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00 specially adapted for high-frequency, e.g. structures providing an impedance match or phase match
- H01R13/6473—Impedance matching
- H01R13/6474—Impedance matching by variation of conductive properties, e.g. by dimension variations
- H01R13/6476—Impedance matching by variation of conductive properties, e.g. by dimension variations by making an aperture, e.g. a hole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/502—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces
- H01R13/506—Bases; Cases composed of different pieces assembled by snap action of the parts
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R31/00—Coupling parts supported only by co-operation with counterpart
- H01R31/06—Intermediate parts for linking two coupling parts, e.g. adapter
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/64—Means for preventing incorrect coupling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R2103/00—Two poles
Definitions
- the invention relates to a connector for symmetrical signal transmission.
- a plug connector for differential data transmission is provided, without being restricted thereto.
- the characteristic impedance is a crucial parameter of the transmission path in order to maintain the signal integrity and should, if possible, be uniform at every point for the entire transmission path.
- the wave impedance more precisely the differential wave impedance, denotes the wave impedance related to the location along the transmission path. This can, for example, correspond to the input impedance of a hypothetical, infinitely long line, the uniform cross-section of which is constructed like the cross-section of the point under consideration.
- the wave resistance can also be referred to as wave impedance or, for short, impedance.
- Deviations from the uniform value of the wave impedance lead to reflection attenuation (also referred to in technical terms as "return loss attenuation” or RL), which has a negative impact on the signal integrity.
- the wave resistance is mainly influenced by the geometric arrangement of the conductors and the electromagnetic properties of the material surrounding the conductors.
- the characteristic impedance Z can be caused by the local inductance coating L 'and the local capacitance coating C' at the point under consideration be determined.
- the document US 10404014 B2 shows clearances between contacts of a connector with the aim of influencing crosstalk between the contacts. It is disadvantageous, however, that the contacts cannot stand freely, but rather at least partially adjoin a dielectric environment with the frankings. As a result, the possible geometries of the contacts and the mechanical connection systems that can be implemented are very limited.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a connector whose characteristic impedance is structurally adaptable, preferably can be increased, without increasing the installation space of the connector.
- An alternative or more specific task is to enable a spring-elastic latching of the connector without impairing the characteristic impedance adaptation or the installation space requirement of the connector.
- a connector for symmetrical, preferably differential, signal transmission comprises at least two connection contacts on one connection side of the connector.
- the plug connector comprises at least two plug contacts on a plug side of the plug connector opposite the connection side and at least two conductors, each of which has a connection contact with one of the plug contacts electrically connect conductive.
- the connector further includes a dielectric surround of the at least two conductors. The dielectric enclosure has at least one free space between the conductors.
- Embodiments of the connector can adapt the dielectric environment of the conductors by means of the at least one free space in the dielectric surround of the at least two conductors between the connection side and the plug side, for example to match a characteristic impedance (preferably a line characteristic impedance) of the connector without affecting the surround or the geometry of the Connection contacts and / or the plug contacts of the connector must be adapted.
- a characteristic impedance preferably a line characteristic impedance
- connection contacts and / or the plug contacts can stand freely, preferably protrude on the connection side or the plug side. It is not necessary to change the surroundings of the plug-in contacts, as shown, for example, in document US Pat. No. 10404014 B2.
- exemplary embodiments of the plug connector can have a structurally adapted wave impedance.
- the characteristic impedance of the connector can be increased without increasing the structural shape of the connector.
- the dielectric enclosure of the connector can have an effective permittivity that is less than the permittivity of the material used for the enclosure or less than the permittivity of a conventional plastic insulation material.
- a section of the dielectric enclosure that delimits the free space, for example an edge of the free space, can be resilient.
- the section can be resilient due to the deformability of the free space.
- the section can be referred to as a spring element.
- An embodiment of the connector can be constructed in several parts.
- the individual components can be latched to one another (for example during assembly) by means of the spring element.
- Each connector in a transmission path basically represents a local disturbance of the characteristic impedance.
- Embodiments of the connector can use the free space to detect a deviation in the characteristic impedance of the connector compared to the characteristic impedance of a cable connected to the connection side (ie electrically conductively connected to the connection contacts) or a connection on a Keep the circuit board as small as possible.
- the plug connector can be a socket mounted or mountable on the printed circuit board.
- the circuit board can be connected or connectable to the connection contacts.
- connectors are often restricted in terms of installation space and / or due to the high-voltage strength that must be maintained.
- the at least one free space enables a measure that preserves or complies with the installation space for influencing the characteristic impedance of the connector.
- a material of the dielectric border can be used whose relative permittivity e r is conventionally too large or which would lead to a characteristic impedance that is too small.
- plastic materials with a relative permittivity e r between 2 and 8 can be used for the dielectric enclosure.
- Materials with values of e r below 2 are often foamed materials that usually do not have sufficient strength, long-term stability and / or insulation resistance to function as a dielectric surround for the conductors (i.e. as a carrier for the plug and / or connection contacts, or contact carrier for short) .
- the at least one free space for example an opening and / or a cavity
- exemplary embodiments can be provided with a conventional plug connector Any disturbance of the wave impedance compensated without restricting the environment or geometry of the plug and / or connection contacts.
- the at least one free space between the conductors and between the plug-in side and the connection side can use the installation space for a mechanical function, for example for resilient deformation during assembly of the connector.
- a recess or through opening in the dielectric enclosure can encompass the free space.
- the recess or the through opening can extend (for example in sections) between the at least two conductors.
- the free space can be a recess or through opening in the dielectric enclosure.
- the free space can be in fluid connection with the surroundings of the connector.
- the free space can be a gas-tight cavity.
- the cavity can be filled with air or a noble gas or evacuated, for example with a residual pressure of less than 30,000 Pa.
- the gas filling and / or the residual pressure can be used to constructively determine the effective relative permittivity of the dielectric surround and thus the wave resistance of the connector.
- the dielectric bezel can be integrally one-piece.
- the dielectric frame can be an injection-molded part.
- the dielectric enclosure can extend from the connection side to the plug side.
- the connection side and the plug side can each be end faces of the dielectric enclosure, preferably from which the connection contacts or the plug contacts protrude.
- the dielectric enclosure can enclose each of the at least two conductors.
- the dielectric enclosure can each at at least one point between the connection side and the plug side or continuously between the connection side and the plug side of each of the enclose at least two conductors. Enclosing each conductor can be a circumferentially closed edging of the respective conductor.
- the dielectric enclosure can be produced by overmolding the at least two conductors.
- the dielectric border between the connection side and the plug side can insulate the at least two conductors (preferably continuously).
- the dielectric enclosure can enclose each of the at least two conductors on each of the plug-in side and the connection side.
- the dielectric enclosure can be made of a material that has a relative permittivity of at least 1, 5 or 2 and / or at most 8.
- the dielectric border between the conductors in a cross section transverse to a longitudinal direction of the conductors through the free space can have an effective relative permittivity that is less than 1, 5 or 2.
- Permittivity e ⁇ Q ⁇
- e ⁇ Q ⁇ Permittivity
- the dielectric enclosure can be resilient in a first transverse direction transverse to a longitudinal direction of the at least two conductors, deforming the free space (for example, reducing the transverse dimension of the free space) and / or bending the or one of the at least two conductors.
- the connector can further comprise a housing part.
- the housing part can have an inner surface and at least one latching recess in the inner surface. Furthermore, the housing part can open to the inner surface Have receiving opening.
- the receiving opening can be designed to receive the dielectric surround in the longitudinal direction.
- the dielectric enclosure can have a latching element (for example as the spring element).
- the latching element can be arranged to slide over the inner surface when the dielectric frame is received in the housing part (for example with contraction of the free space in the first transverse direction) and, when the frame is received in the housing part (for example, with widening of the free space in the first transverse direction) to grip into the locking recess, preferably for reversible locking of the recorded state.
- the free space can widen towards the exterior of the dielectric enclosure along a second transverse direction, which is transverse to the first transverse direction and transverse to the longitudinal direction.
- the free space can widen in relation to the first transverse direction and / or along inclines.
- the slopes can extend in the longitudinal direction.
- the plug connector can furthermore comprise a cable that is electrically conductively connected to the at least two connection contacts on the connection side or a printed circuit board that is electrically conductively connected to the at least two connection contacts on the connection side or can be connected to the cable or the circuit board in an electrically conductive manner.
- the connection side can be electrically and / or mechanically connected or connectable to a connection on the printed circuit board.
- a transverse dimension of the free space in the dielectric enclosure transversely to a longitudinal direction of the at least two conductors can influence a characteristic impedance of the connector.
- the wave impedance of the plug connector influenced or influenced (for example, constructively) by means of the free space can be adapted to a wave impedance of the cable or the connection of the circuit board.
- the wave resistance of the connector can be inversely proportional to the square root of the effective relative permittivity, , be.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a plug connector according to a first exemplary embodiment in an open state
- Fig. 2 is a side view of the connector according to the first
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of the connector according to the first exemplary embodiment in an assembled state
- FIG. 4A shows a sectional illustration of the plug connector according to the first exemplary embodiment in the assembled state
- FIG. 4B shows a side view of the connector according to the first exemplary embodiment in the assembled state
- Fig. 5A is a longitudinal sectional view of a dielectric bezel that can be used in the first embodiment of the connector;
- Figure 5B is a side view of the dielectric bezel employable in the first embodiment of the connector
- 5C shows a sectional illustration of the dielectric surround in a first cross-sectional plane, which can be used in the first exemplary embodiment of the plug connector;
- FIG. 5D shows a sectional illustration of the dielectric surround in a second cross-sectional plane, which can be used in the first exemplary embodiment of the plug connector;
- Figs. 6A to 6I each have schematic cross sections perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of further exemplary embodiments of the dielectric surround;
- Figs. 7A to 7P each have schematic cross sections parallel to the longitudinal direction of further exemplary embodiments of the dielectric surround.
- FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of a plug connector, generally designated by reference numeral 100, for symmetrical, preferably differential, signal transmission.
- the plug connector 100 comprises at least two connection contacts 112 on one connection side 102 of the plug connector 100, and at least two plug contacts 111 on a plug side 101 of the plug connector 100 opposite the connection side 102.
- the plug connector 100 further comprises a dielectric surround 110 of the at least two conductors.
- the dielectric enclosure 110 can be materially or positively connected to the at least two conductors and / or electrically isolate the at least two conductors from one another.
- the dielectric enclosure 110 has at least one free space 114 in a space between the at least two conductors.
- the clearance 114 may be a cavity or a through recess in the dielectric enclosure.
- the dielectric enclosure 110 can also be referred to as a contact carrier.
- the dielectric frame 110 is preferably integrally molded in one piece from a dielectric material, for example a plastic.
- the plug contacts 111, conductors and connection contacts 112 which are connected to one another in an electrically conductive manner can each be a continuous metallic pin.
- the first exemplary embodiment of the plug connector 100 comprises several components, namely the bezel 110 and a housing part 120. In the state shown in FIG. 1, the components 110 and 120 of the plug connector 100 are in an opened or dismantled state.
- the housing part 120 has a receiving opening 122 for receiving the dielectric surround 110.
- the frame 110 has polarity codes 119A and 119B, which are not symmetrical with respect to a rotation of the frame by 180 ° about the longitudinal direction.
- the receiving opening 122 opens into an inner surface of the housing part 120 which has polarity codings 129A and 129B which are shaped complementary to the polarity codings 119A and 119B of the bezel 110.
- the enclosure 110 comprises latching elements 118, for example latching cams.
- latching elements 118 are compressed in the first transverse direction (for example in the vertical direction in FIG. 1) and slide along the inner surface of the housing part 120 to the latching elements 118 engage in locking recesses 128 in the inner surface of the housing part 120.
- the free space 114 enables the spring elasticity of the latching elements 118 by contraction of the transverse dimension 115 of the free space 114 in the first transverse direction.
- mechanical and / or electromagnetic (in particular dielectric) properties of the plug contact 100 can be structurally adapted by means of optional bevels 116 on the free space 114.
- a spring constant of the compressible latching elements 118 and / or the wave resistance of the plug contact 110 can be determined independently of one another.
- the adaptation of the characteristic impedance of the connector to the characteristic impedance of a cable connected to the connection side 102 or a printed circuit board connected to the connection side 102 can be a Minimize the reflection factor.
- an electromagnetic wave of any shape is propagated along the cable (or through the connection of the circuit board and / or along conductor tracks of the circuit board) and the conductors of the connector 100, a reflection occurs if the wave resistance (which can also be referred to as wave impedance) at junction 102 changes.
- wave resistance which can also be referred to as wave impedance
- a dimensionless reflection factor describes how the reflected voltage and current wave is generated from the incoming wave.
- the reflection attenuation corresponding to the square of the reflection factor can occur due to a real-valued reflection factor.
- the real-valued reflection factor is zero if the characteristic impedances of the cable and the connector 100 match.
- the housing part 120 optionally has a mechanical cable fastening, for example a strain relief for the cable, and / or a covering 124 for the free-standing plug contacts 111.
- the cladding 124 can serve to mechanically connect the plug connector 100 to a complementary plug connector, which can be a further exemplary embodiment of the plug connector 100.
- the complementary plug connectors 100 can be mechanically connectable to the cladding 124 by means of a bayonet lock.
- the housing part 120 has a latching window 126 in the cladding 124.
- the entire plug connector 100 ie the plug connector 100 with the dielectric frame 110 received therein, for example as a plug
- the connection contacts 112 in a printed circuit board On the plug side 101, a complementary plug connector (preferably a free plug connector connected to one cable end, for example a coupling) is inserted into the casing 124 of the plug connector 100.
- a latching of the complementary plug connector engages in the latching window 126.
- the connector 100 is designed as a plug in the first exemplary embodiment, a variant of each exemplary embodiment can also be designed as a socket.
- Fig. 2 shows a side view of the connector 100 according to the first embodiment in the opened (i.e. dismantled) state.
- Reference numerals which correspond to those of FIG. 1 denote corresponding or interchangeable features.
- FIG. 3 shows a perspective illustration of the plug connector 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment in an assembled state.
- Reference numerals which correspond to those of FIG. 1 or 2 denote identical or interchangeable features.
- FIG. 4A shows a sectional illustration of the plug connector 100 according to the first exemplary embodiment in the assembled state.
- the at least two conductors are generally designated by reference numeral 113.
- the space 114 can be cylindrical.
- the free space 114 can extend parallel to the longitudinal direction of the conductors 113.
- the free space 114 can extend along a section of the conductors 113.
- FIG. 4B shows the side view of the plug connector 100 corresponding to the sectional illustration in FIG. 4A.
- FIG. 5A shows a sectional illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of the dielectric bezel 110 which can be used in the first exemplary embodiment of the plug connector 100.
- the sectional plane shown is parallel to the longitudinal direction (for example the horizontal direction in FIG. 5A) and in the plane of the conductors 113.
- the sectional plane shown in FIG. 5A comprises the longitudinal direction and the first transverse direction.
- Fig. 5B shows a Corresponding side view of the dielectric enclosure 110 as viewed along the second transverse direction.
- FIG. 5C shows a sectional illustration of the first exemplary embodiment of the dielectric enclosure 110 in a first cross-sectional plane which comprises the first transverse direction and the second transverse direction.
- 5D shows a sectional illustration in a second cross-sectional plane, which is parallel to the first cross-sectional plane and which is closer to the connection side 102.
- FIGS. 6A to 6I each show schematically cross-sections of further exemplary embodiments of the dielectric enclosure 110, which can each be implemented as a variant or further development of the first exemplary embodiment.
- the first transverse direction is vertical and the second transverse direction is horizontal in FIGS. 6A to 6I.
- the free space 114 can be cuboid, for example as shown in FIGS. 6A through 6F. As an alternative or in addition, the free space 114 can end on the facing side of the conductors 113, for example as shown in FIGS. 6A,
- the free space 114 can be cylindrical, for example as shown in FIGS. 6G through 6I are shown.
- FIGS. 7A to 7P each show schematically cross-sections of further exemplary embodiments of the dielectric enclosure 110, each of which is a variant or further development of the first exemplary embodiment and / or in combination with features of one of FIGS. 6A to 6I can be implemented.
- the first transverse direction is vertical and the longitudinal direction is horizontal in FIGS. 6A to 6I.
- FIGS. 7D, 7H, 7L and 7P reference numerals.
- the free space 114 can be spherical or cylindrical, as shown, for example, in FIGS. 7M to 7P shown. 7J can correspond to the first exemplary embodiment.
- the at least one free space 114 can be a contiguous space.
- the at least one free space 114 can comprise a plurality of free spaces 114 or compartments, as for example in FIGS. 7C, 7D, 7G, 7H, 7K, 7L and 7P are shown.
- the free space 114 can be open to the connection side 102 or to the plug-in side 101, as shown for example in FIGS. 7A, 7D, 7E,
- Dielectric enclosure also: contact carrier 110
- Latching element preferably a bulge transverse to the longitudinal direction 118
Landscapes
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Coupling Device And Connection With Printed Circuit (AREA)
- Connector Housings Or Holding Contact Members (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| BE20205324A BE1028299B1 (de) | 2020-05-12 | 2020-05-12 | Steckverbinder zur symmetrischen Signalübertragung |
| PCT/EP2021/061856 WO2021228655A1 (de) | 2020-05-12 | 2021-05-05 | Steckverbinder zur symmetrischen signalübertragung |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4150720A1 true EP4150720A1 (de) | 2023-03-22 |
| EP4150720B1 EP4150720B1 (de) | 2026-01-21 |
Family
ID=70861157
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21722504.4A Active EP4150720B1 (de) | 2020-05-12 | 2021-05-05 | Steckverbinder zur symmetrischen signalübertragung |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230144535A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4150720B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP7564243B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115552741A (de) |
| BE (1) | BE1028299B1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021228655A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPWO2022254494A1 (de) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-12-08 | ||
| JP2024049891A (ja) * | 2022-09-29 | 2024-04-10 | イリソ電子工業株式会社 | コネクタ |
| US20240275096A1 (en) * | 2023-02-13 | 2024-08-15 | Aptiv Technologies AG | Electrical connector with inner terminal cartridge for paired wire cables |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TW534492U (en) | 2001-06-11 | 2003-05-21 | Molex Inc | High density impedance-tuned connector |
| EP1459414B1 (de) * | 2002-09-25 | 2008-12-17 | Molex Incorporated | Impedanzangepasste kontaktanordnung und verbinder |
| US6863549B2 (en) * | 2002-09-25 | 2005-03-08 | Molex Incorporated | Impedance-tuned terminal contact arrangement and connectors incorporating same |
| JP4549277B2 (ja) | 2005-10-27 | 2010-09-22 | 矢崎総業株式会社 | コネクタ |
| US7316585B2 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2008-01-08 | Fci Americas Technology, Inc. | Reducing suck-out insertion loss |
| US9070998B2 (en) | 2012-07-27 | 2015-06-30 | Amphenol Corporation | High speed electrical contact assembly |
| JP6561668B2 (ja) * | 2015-08-07 | 2019-08-21 | Smk株式会社 | 電気コネクタ |
| US10305224B2 (en) * | 2016-05-18 | 2019-05-28 | Amphenol Corporation | Controlled impedance edged coupled connectors |
| US10404014B2 (en) * | 2017-02-17 | 2019-09-03 | Fci Usa Llc | Stacking electrical connector with reduced crosstalk |
| JP6812917B2 (ja) * | 2017-07-11 | 2021-01-13 | 株式会社オートネットワーク技術研究所 | 端子金具 |
| US10522938B1 (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-12-31 | Te Connectivity Corporation | Electrical connector with non-uniformly arranged contacts |
-
2020
- 2020-05-12 BE BE20205324A patent/BE1028299B1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2021
- 2021-05-05 WO PCT/EP2021/061856 patent/WO2021228655A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-05-05 CN CN202180034280.6A patent/CN115552741A/zh active Pending
- 2021-05-05 EP EP21722504.4A patent/EP4150720B1/de active Active
- 2021-05-05 US US17/924,385 patent/US20230144535A1/en active Pending
- 2021-05-05 JP JP2022568909A patent/JP7564243B2/ja active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7564243B2 (ja) | 2024-10-08 |
| JP2023525143A (ja) | 2023-06-14 |
| EP4150720B1 (de) | 2026-01-21 |
| WO2021228655A1 (de) | 2021-11-18 |
| CN115552741A (zh) | 2022-12-30 |
| BE1028299A1 (de) | 2021-12-08 |
| BE1028299B1 (de) | 2021-12-16 |
| US20230144535A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
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