EP4150647A1 - Système d'isolation constitué d'un matériau isolant solide et d'une résine d'imprégnation - Google Patents

Système d'isolation constitué d'un matériau isolant solide et d'une résine d'imprégnation

Info

Publication number
EP4150647A1
EP4150647A1 EP21746360.3A EP21746360A EP4150647A1 EP 4150647 A1 EP4150647 A1 EP 4150647A1 EP 21746360 A EP21746360 A EP 21746360A EP 4150647 A1 EP4150647 A1 EP 4150647A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
copolymer
polyetherimide
siloxane
insulation
unsubstituted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21746360.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Steffen Lang
Marek Maleika
Niels Müller
Manfred OCHSENKÜHN
Florian Schemmel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Mobility GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Mobility GmbH filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP4150647A1 publication Critical patent/EP4150647A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/303—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups H01B3/38 or H01B3/302
    • H01B3/306—Polyimides or polyesterimides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/56—Insulating bodies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
    • H01B3/427—Polyethers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/46—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes silicones
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/308—Wires with resins
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/40—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes epoxy resins

Definitions

  • Insulation system made of solid insulation material and impregnating resin
  • the invention generally relates to the field of insulating electrical conductors against partial discharge in the medium and high voltage range.
  • the invention relates to an insulation system for an electrical machine, in particular a rotating electrical machine such as an electric motor and/or a generator.
  • Electrical machines such as motors and generators in the medium and high voltage range, have electrical conductors, a main insulation and a laminated stator core.
  • the purpose of the main insulation is to electrically insulate the conductors from one another, from the stator core and from the environment.
  • the so-called "treeing" channels can form in the main insulation as a result of electrical partial discharges.
  • electrical breakdown through the main insulation can occur.
  • electrical discharges do not necessarily occur during operation, so that there is no need for a barrier against partial discharges.
  • intermediate and high voltage range is used here to refer to electrical energy technology that works with high voltages in the range of over 700V - up to and including 52kV. This also includes the insulation systems, which are of interest for the fast-charging drive systems in the automotive industry .
  • a barrier in the form of a surface insulation material against partial discharges has hitherto been achieved mainly through the use of mica in the main insulation, which has a high resistance to partial discharges.
  • the mica will in the form of platelet-shaped mica particles with a conventional particle size of several 100 micrometers up to several millimeters processed into a mica paper, which is then placed on a carrier, such as a glass fiber fabric and/or insulating film, and glued, so that the mica particles the surface insulation material in result in the form of a broad mica web.
  • a mica tape is cut from this broad sheet of mica and wound around the conductor to produce the main insulation. Then, to produce the insulation system, the electrical insulation mica winding tape is impregnated with a liquid synthetic resin and the synthetic resin is then hardened.
  • Insulation systems are known - such as the system known under the brand name "Micalastic®", in which the main insulation, a mica winding tape as surface insulation material, is impregnated with a bisphenol epoxy resin in a vacuum pressure impregnation process.
  • Micalastic® is also known from EP2763142A1 and DE 102011083228A.
  • nanoscale particles which are dispersed in the synthetic resin before impregnation, is known to improve the partial discharge resistance of the main insulation.
  • the presence of the particles shortens the pot life of the synthetic resin, which is reflected in particular in the progressive polymerisation of the synthetic resin before impregnation.
  • the production of the surface insulation material in the form of a broad sheet of mica and/or a mica strip is time-consuming and expensive.
  • mica-containing laminates with, for example, mAramid and polyimide as carrier foils have also been used for traction motors for slot linings due to the requirements.
  • Mica is a natural product and comes in the form of mined mica slate. Accordingly, the resources are limited, mica is subject to fluctuations in quality depending on the mining area, is not always readily available and procurement is associated with considerable costs, not to mention the complex processing to produce the mica tape as a surface insulation material.
  • the object of the present invention to provide a surface insulation material for the complete or partial replacement of the known insulation materials containing mica paper for use in the production of an insulation system, in particular the insulation system representing the main insulation of an electric rotating machine such as a motor or a generator on average - or high-voltage range, to make available.
  • the solution to the problem and the subject of the present invention is therefore an insulation system, a solid insulation material in the form of a surface insulation material and a synthetic resin comprising, the surface insulation material being a copolymer of a polyetherimide with a siloxane and the synthetic resin being a duromer with which the Surface insulation material is impregnated and then hardened as encapsulation.
  • the partial discharge resistance is evaluated using a surface profilometer by determining the specific erosion volume after electrical aging. This is carried out based on IEC 60343.
  • the test setup and test conditions can be found in the publication: n. Müller; Slang; R.Moos: "Influence of ambient conditions on electrical partial discharge resistance of epoxy anhydride based polymers using IEC 60343 method”. Transactionson Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation 2019.
  • the polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer is a block copolymer.
  • the proportion of siloxane in the copolymer is in the range from 0.1% by weight to 90% by weight, in particular 10% by weight to 60% by weight and in particular 20% by weight to 40% by weight, based on the total weight of the copolymer.
  • the atomic proportion of silicon atoms in the copolymer is 1 to 25%, in particular 5 to 15%.
  • the polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer is a block copolymer of general formula (I) whereby
  • R 1-6 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of o substituted or unsubstituted, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic monocycles having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, o substituted or unsubstituted, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic polycycles having 5 to 30 carbon atoms, o substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, o substituted or unsubstituted unsaturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 30 carbon atoms;
  • - V represents a linker group having 4 valences, selected from the group consisting of o substituted or unsubstituted, saturated, unsaturated or aromatic monocycles and polycycles having 5 to 50 carbon atoms, o substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbons having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, o substituted or unsubstituted, unsaturated hydrocarbons having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, o and any combination of linker groups which include at least one of the groups mentioned above;
  • one or more additives can be contained in the copolymer.
  • one or more metal oxide(s), such as TiC>2 , Fe2C>3 and/or MnFe2C>4 and/ or electrically non-conductive carbon-based fillers, such as carbon black, can be used as additives.
  • siloxane is basically understood to mean a compound having at least one —Si—O—Si unit, in particular those that form a Si-O-Si backbone in the polymer, as is customary in silicon.
  • a polydialkylsiloxane such as polydimethylsiloxane or polydiarylsiloxane such as polydiphenylsiloxane are simple forms of a siloxane.
  • siloxanes such as a polyarylalkylsiloxane.
  • PEI Polyetherimide or "PEI” is the name given to a thermoplastic that can be used in a variety of ways because it is resistant to high temperatures, classified as flame-retardant because it produces little smoke if it does burn. PEI has high strength, also high dielectric strength, low weight and is resistant to UV light and gamma rays. In particular, PEI is commercially available as "ULTEM®”.
  • a duromer is used as the impregnation resin.
  • polyester, formaldehyde, epoxide, novolak, silicone, polyesterimide, polyurethane and any mixtures, blends and copolymers of the aforementioned compounds can be used.
  • Impregnating resins for slot linings and/or winding tape insulation are generally known, inter alia from the patent specifications mentioned above. The solid insulating materials are impregnated with these impregnating resins and the resin is then cured to complete the insulating system.
  • a polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer is available under the trade name "SiltemTM" and has already been used and tested successfully here.
  • the Siltem is an amorphous thermoplastic polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer and combines the temperature resistance of PEI with the flexibility of a silicone elastomers.
  • Figures 1 and 2 show the surface of two test specimens with insulation systems, each showing a solid surface insulation material impregnated with a synthetic resin which was cured after impregnation was complete. Both figures show the test specimen after electrical aging.
  • Fi gur 1 is the erosion of the pure polyetherimide produced represented the insulation system
  • FIG. 2 shows the erosion of the insulation system produced with the polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer according to the invention as a solid surface insulation material under the same conditions.
  • the defined standard test conditions for electrical aging according to IEC 60343 are:
  • the present invention brings a quantum leap in insulation technology, since here for the first time the expensive mica-containing insulation material, which is difficult to produce, can be dispensed with.
  • the copolymer causes an enormous increase in resistance to partial discharge compared to pure polyetherimide, in fact an almost complete resistance. Due to the detected resistance to partial discharge, the polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer presented here for the first time as a mica substitute is suitable as a surface insulating material, both for winding tape insulation and for surface insulation, for example slot lining, especially when used in engines, both for traction as well as a drive motor, but also for generators such as a wind power generator. Due to its excellent stretch properties, it expands the design spectrum of - for example - traction motors.
  • both the maramid-containing slot linings and the polyimide-containing insulating tapes with the surface insulation material made from polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer according to the invention, without having to compromise on the power density of the motors or generators.
  • the mica paper and/or mica tape each of which has mica on a carrier, such as glass fabric, and a tape adhesive for connecting the mica plates - at least - by the polyetherimide-siloxane Copolymer that can be processed, inter alia, by surface extrusion to replace.
  • an impregnating resin such as a polyester imide and/or a silicone.
  • An insulation system comprises, for example, a laminate with one or more films made of polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer, for example also processed into laminates with carriers and/or protective films - eg bonded with maramide or polyimide as the carrier film.
  • a “foil” is understood to mean a flat layer made of a material. The foil is a layer and not a stack of layers.
  • a “laminate”, on the other hand, is usually a stack of layers, comprising one or more films.
  • the layers can cover the entire surface - i.e. all layers of films - or part of the surface, i.e. at least one layer with, for example, a lattice and/or randomly distributed fibers and/or
  • the connection of a film with a fabric or a scrim, for example a glass fiber scrim, can also be sufficient to form a laminate.
  • laminate is understood to mean a stacking and/or a composite of at least two layers or films, i.e. for example at least one carrier and/or protective film, e.g. made of maramid or polyimide, with at least one film made of the polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer .
  • the simple polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer films used as surface insulation material can tear, which is why it is better to use laminates with relatively tear-resistant films for the use of the polyetherimide To use siloxane copolymers as insulation.
  • the laminates are cut into tapes, for example, and used in insulation systems.
  • insulation of a groove for an electric motor can also and/or additionally be processed over its entire length by a surface insulation material made of polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer in a thick film and/or as a laminate, ie in combination with, for example, mAramid films and/or polyimide Fo lien, to be protected as a slot lining.
  • a tape foil with a thickness in the range from 20 ⁇ m to 300 ⁇ m, in particular from 25 ⁇ m to 200 ⁇ m and very preferably in the range from 30 ⁇ m to 170 ⁇ m, is produced for the purpose mentioned here.
  • a winding tape is then made from the tape foil to produce the fixed part of a winding tape insulation, which is then impregnated with impregnating resin.
  • a surface insulation material is then made from the foil, for example by laminating several foils, papers or foils made of other materials, such as maramid foils or polyimide foils, to produce the solid part of a slot insulation system, which is then impregnated with impregnation resin .
  • the entire insulation system can be manufactured much more cheaply than with mica-based surface insulation material
  • the surface insulation material is thermally resilient from approx. 150°C to 200°C,
  • the polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer is also flexible, so that it can be used as a winding tape,
  • the invention provides for the first time a replacement for the mica conventionally used as a barrier material in an insulation system such as the main insulation of rotating electrical machines such as motors and/or generators.
  • the replacement is based on a polyetherimide-siloxane copolymer that can be processed over a large area, for example via flat extrusion. Foils are produced that can be processed in foil form or as a laminate, cut as flat insulating materials or as strips, and used in insulation systems.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte de manière générale au domaine des conducteurs électriques isolants contre une décharge partielle dans les plages de moyenne tension et haute tension. En particulier, l'invention se rapporte à un système d'isolation pour une machine électrique, en particulier à une machine électrique rotative telle qu'un moteur électrique et/ou un générateur. L'invention utilise pour la première fois un substitut du mica utilisé de manière classique comme matériau barrière dans un système isolant, tel que l'isolation principale de machines électriques rotatives telles que des moteurs et/ou des générateurs. Le substitut est à base d'un copolymère de polyéthérimide/siloxane, qui peut être traité de manière bidimensionnelle, par exemple par extrusion de surface. De cette manière, des feuilles sont produites et, après avoir été traitées sous forme de feuille ou sous forme de stratifié, elles peuvent être utilisées comme matériaux isolants planaires, ou découpées sous forme de bandes, dans des systèmes isolants.
EP21746360.3A 2020-07-14 2021-07-07 Système d'isolation constitué d'un matériau isolant solide et d'une résine d'imprégnation Pending EP4150647A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020208760.1A DE102020208760A1 (de) 2020-07-14 2020-07-14 Isolationssystem aus festem Isolationsstoff und Imprägnierharz
PCT/EP2021/068820 WO2022013036A1 (fr) 2020-07-14 2021-07-07 Système d'isolation constitué d'un matériau isolant solide et d'une résine d'imprégnation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4150647A1 true EP4150647A1 (fr) 2023-03-22

Family

ID=77071476

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21746360.3A Pending EP4150647A1 (fr) 2020-07-14 2021-07-07 Système d'isolation constitué d'un matériau isolant solide et d'une résine d'imprégnation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20230274852A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4150647A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115917677A (fr)
DE (1) DE102020208760A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2022013036A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4420141A1 (fr) 2021-12-20 2024-08-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Système d'isolation, utilisation d'un mélange de polymères et machine électrique ayant un système d'isolation

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE461940B (sv) * 1988-08-30 1990-04-09 Asea Brown Boveri Elektriskt isolermaterial i form av en sjaelvbaerande film av en organisk polymer samt anvaendning av isolermaterial i en haerva
US5470622A (en) 1990-11-06 1995-11-28 Raychem Corporation Enclosing a substrate with a heat-recoverable article
GB9310146D0 (en) * 1993-05-17 1993-06-30 Raychem Ltd Polymer composition and electrical wire insulation
US8013251B2 (en) 2008-03-17 2011-09-06 Sabic Innovative Plastics Ip B.V. Electrical wire comprising an aromatic polyketone and polysiloxane/polyimide block copolymer composition
DE102011083228A1 (de) 2011-09-22 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Isoliersysteme mit verbesserter Teilentladungsbeständigkeit, Verfahren zur Herstellung dazu
EP2763142A1 (fr) 2013-02-04 2014-08-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Résine d'imprégnation pour un corps d'isolation électrique, corps d'isolation électrique et procédé de fabrication du corps d'isolation électrique
CN113272360B (zh) * 2018-11-08 2023-03-03 高新特殊工程塑料全球技术有限公司 热塑性组合物、电线和包含电线的制品

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102020208760A1 (de) 2022-01-20
US20230274852A1 (en) 2023-08-31
WO2022013036A1 (fr) 2022-01-20
CN115917677A (zh) 2023-04-04

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