EP4146926A1 - Injection nozzle and device for charging a fuel with gas - Google Patents
Injection nozzle and device for charging a fuel with gasInfo
- Publication number
- EP4146926A1 EP4146926A1 EP21724570.3A EP21724570A EP4146926A1 EP 4146926 A1 EP4146926 A1 EP 4146926A1 EP 21724570 A EP21724570 A EP 21724570A EP 4146926 A1 EP4146926 A1 EP 4146926A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- gas
- injection nozzle
- diffusion
- diffusion device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003502 gasoline Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003225 biodiesel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009172 bursting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009689 gas atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M67/00—Apparatus in which fuel-injection is effected by means of high-pressure gas, the gas carrying the fuel into working cylinders of the engine, e.g. air-injection type
- F02M67/10—Injectors peculiar thereto, e.g. valve less type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
- F02M61/16—Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14
- F02M61/18—Injection nozzles, e.g. having valve seats; Details of valve member seated ends, not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/27—Fuel-injection apparatus with filters
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9007—Ceramic materials
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9053—Metals
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M2200/00—Details of fuel-injection apparatus, not otherwise provided for
- F02M2200/90—Selection of particular materials
- F02M2200/9092—Sintered materials
Definitions
- the invention relates to an injection nozzle and an apparatus / device connected directly or indirectly to it for loading the fuel by diffusion / permeation with gas, hereinafter referred to as diffusion device, preferably air or air and exhaust gas.
- diffusion device preferably air or air and exhaust gas.
- an open injection nozzle is known from US Pat. No. 5,150,836, in which the fuel is conveyed to the engine by a pulse by means of an individual amount of gas. The pressure and the amount of gas are sufficient to deliver the fuel out of the nozzle at almost the speed of sound.
- GB 1459097 lists a gas atomizing nozzle in which the liquid and gas are brought together at a focal point via spiral channels.
- diesel fuel is evaporated via an evaporator tube which contains a glow plug and mixed with intake air, in particular for operating a starting aid system for engines that work in particular with vegetable oils.
- the diesel operation should only take place until the engine operating temperature is reached.
- DE 213349 describes an internal combustion engine which is operated in a first operating state with different liquid fuels (diesel, etc.) and in a second operating state with gas.
- DE 809 describes an injector which has openings in two planes, the fuel being expelled through these openings and thereby mixing.
- EP 3058208 claims a liquid injector for generating atomized liquid, the pressurized liquid and the gas being directed to adjacent focal points and colliding.
- EP1647685 is an internal combustion engine that works with two types of fuel, at least a first type of fuel, then a second type of fuel being supplied by changing and a fuel mixing ratio being set as a function of the fuel volume conveyed.
- the aim of the invention is to homogenize the fuel distribution and the distribution density in the diesel process and thereby influence the combustion process in such a way that the fuel burns as completely as possible and little or no soot is produced. At the same time, the fuel is better converted into mechanical energy.
- the invention consists of an injection nozzle and a diffusion device connected directly or indirectly to it for loading the fuel, usually diesel fuel with gas, preferably with air or exhaust gas as well as air and exhaust gas.
- the fuel is loaded with gas in the diffusion device via gas filters, preferably membranes made of sintered metal (sintered metal filter) or ceramic filters.
- the membrane (semipermeable membrane) has a pore size that allows the gas to pass through and to hold back the fuel when it is idle. In the working state, the gas is given a higher pressure than the pressure in the fuel.
- the flow resistance of the membrane depends on the pore size and pore length.
- the aforementioned fuels and gas show almost a purely viscous behavior.
- the viscosity ratio is therefore decisive for the flow through the respective components.
- the viscosity ratio of diesel to air under normal conditions is greater than 10 4 . No diesel will flow through the membrane under these conditions.
- the parameters permeation area and thickness, gas pressure and fuel pressure are designed so that the required amount of gas is absorbed by the fuel by diffusion.
- the dissolved gas causes the droplets emerging from the injection nozzle to burst spontaneously due to the internal gas pressure after the pressure has been released in the compression chamber, which leads to a very fine and even distribution of the fuel.
- the homogeneous combustion can also reduce the excess air during combustion and the formation of NO x through exhaust gas recirculation.
- the diffusion of the gas into the fuel is a surface and time process, which is why the surface-volume ratio of the fuel when flowing through the diffusion device is made as large as possible.
- the required gas pressure is determined from the pressure loss for gas passage through the membrane (viscous pressure loss) and the required and specified pressure for the diffusion of the gas (diffusion pressure gradient).
- the saturation volume for gas is proportional to the diffusion pressure over a wide range (Dalton's law).
- the overpressure in relation to the injection pressure is selected depending on the gas requirement in the fuel.
- the present invention is implemented both in the configuration of the injection nozzle according to the invention and in the independent method for injecting fuel, which can advantageously also be implemented as a method for operating the injection nozzle according to the invention.
- Analogous to the further refinements of the injection nozzle, associated operating modes and modes of operation of the nozzle apply as disclosed in a further development of the method according to the invention.
- a variant which develops the method according to the invention in a particularly elegant and effective manner results from the injection of the loaded fuel into a compression chamber or injection chamber which has or forms a vacuum at least at the time of injection.
- the concrete realization of such a vacuum for the injection chamber results from the German utility model publication DE 202020 002 930 U1, which is included in the present disclosure as belonging to the invention with regard to the constructive realization of this vacuum in the compression or injection chamber and the realization of the fuel injection should apply; the present inventive loading of the fuel in connection with the vacuum leads to a further improved fuel distribution including further reduced droplet diameters after the injection. The result is a further improved combustion with a positive influence on the emission behavior.
- Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of the injection nozzle with a directly connected diffusion unit.
- FIG. 2 also shows, in a schematic representation, the injection nozzle with an indirect connection to the diffusion unit.
- 3 shows a schematic representation of the section through the diffusion device when the gas is diffused into the fuel from one side.
- 4 shows the section through a region of the diffusion device with the gas being fed into the fuel from two sides.
- the injection nozzle 1 is directly connected to the diffusion device 2, they form a structural unit.
- the supply line 3 supplies the gas with the required pressure and line 4 supplies the fuel via the diffusion device 2 to the nozzle.
- the advantage of this arrangement is that the loading of the fuel with gas can be dynamically adapted to certain requirements.
- FIG. 2 shows the injection nozzle 5, which is connected to the diffusion device 6 via a line 9.
- the feed lines 7 and 8 on the diffusion device 6 provide the gas and the fuel.
- the line 9 feeds the gas-enriched fuel to the nozzle. It is advantageous here that there is a larger amount of the gas-enriched fuel in the line 9, which ensures a stable supply to the nozzle when there is a dynamic fuel requirement.
- the supply of the nozzle with fuel by a diffusion device in which gas is supplied by diffusion can also take place in such a way that more than one diffusion device, not shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, supply the nozzle with gas-enriched fuel and in the same way
- a diffusion device can also supply several nozzles with the gas-enriched fuel.
- Fig. 3 the cut diffusion device 10 is shown schematically. Inside this device, the gas is introduced in area 12.
- the tubular geometry 11 shows the microporous wall (semipermeable wall).
- the outer tubular geometry 14 is arranged around this tube, the fuel flowing in the space 13 between the outer wall 14 and the outer geometry of the microporous wall.
- the microporous wall in the example made of sintered stainless steel, CrNi steel, has a porosity, depending on the dimensions and operating conditions, which allows the necessary gas components to pass through, and on the other hand prevents the fuel, preferably diesel fuel, from diffusing through the microporous wall. This is ruled out due to the higher gas pressure compared to the fuel pressure and the significantly higher viscosity of the fuel compared to the diffusing gases air or exhaust gas.
- the gas can also be fed into the fuel in the region 18 via the microporous walls 17 and 19, respectively.
- the areas 16 and 20 provide the gas for diffusion.
- the microporous wall can also be designed in such a way that the selected topography increases the surface area with the same radius, for example, achieved in that the surface is corrugated, interlocked or otherwise designed to enlarge the surface.
- the design of the diffusion device is not tied to tubular geometries; rather, other cross-sections, such as, for example, rectangular geometries or elliptical cross-sections, can also be used.
- diesel fuel is a preferred embodiment of the fuel according to the invention, but the invention is not limited to this; rather, any fuels that can be charged with the gas according to the invention, including gasoline or gasoline fuels of different octane numbers, synthetic fuels, methanol, are suitable within the scope of the invention , Ethanol, biodiesel, vegetable oils and suitable mixtures of these.
- the gas supplied to the fuel by diffusion is advantageously air and / or exhaust gas
- the gas according to the invention is not limited to this. Rather, almost any other gases or gas mixtures are possible, which can be introduced into the fuel within the meaning of the invention and then lead to spontaneous bursting of the droplets after injection into the compression chamber, with the advantageous effect according to the invention on the fuel distribution and droplet size.
- gases or gas mixtures are used.
- gas mixtures are fed to the fuel as gas of different composition.
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020002684.2A DE102020002684A1 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2020-05-05 | Injection nozzle and device for loading a fuel with gas |
PCT/EP2021/000055 WO2021223899A1 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-04-30 | Injection nozzle and device for charging a fuel with gas |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4146926A1 true EP4146926A1 (en) | 2023-03-15 |
Family
ID=75887983
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21724570.3A Pending EP4146926A1 (en) | 2020-05-05 | 2021-04-30 | Injection nozzle and device for charging a fuel with gas |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4146926A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102020002684A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2021223899A1 (en) |
Family Cites Families (25)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE314252C (en) | ||||
DE17561C (en) | Th. GEIFFERT & CO. in Altenburg | Paving press | ||
DE112337C (en) | ||||
DE213349C (en) | ||||
DE100107C (en) | ||||
DE809C (en) | 1877-10-09 | W Motz | Dismountable cufflink | |
GB1459097A (en) | 1973-11-08 | 1976-12-22 | Tamai S | Gas-atomizing nozzle |
US5150836A (en) | 1981-12-31 | 1992-09-29 | Orbital Engine Company Proprietary Limited | Method of fuel injection |
DE19713377A1 (en) | 1997-04-01 | 1998-10-15 | Siemens Ag | Nozzle, use of a nozzle, and method of injecting a first fluid into a second fluid |
DE19815042A1 (en) | 1998-04-03 | 1999-10-07 | Deutz Ag | Jump start system for a self-igniting internal combustion engine |
NL1016779C2 (en) | 2000-12-02 | 2002-06-04 | Cornelis Johannes Maria V Rijn | Mold, method for manufacturing precision products with the aid of a mold, as well as precision products, in particular microsieves and membrane filters, manufactured with such a mold. |
DE60110544T2 (en) | 2001-03-13 | 2006-02-23 | Etra S.P.A. Ecologic Transportation Systems, Rovereto | Combined control of a dual fuel system for diesel engine internal combustion engines |
DE102004050602B4 (en) | 2004-10-15 | 2010-05-20 | Kangler, Wolfram, Dipl.-Phys. | Method for verifying at least one predetermined fuel mixture ratio |
DE112006000809T5 (en) | 2005-04-06 | 2008-02-07 | GM Global Technology Operations, Inc., Detroit | Double-row cluster configuration with injectors for reduced soot emissions |
DE102007017561A1 (en) | 2007-04-12 | 2008-10-16 | Cornelis Hendrik Heim | Diesel fuel and combustible gas common combustion method for combustion chamber of vehicle's diesel engine, involves merging combustible gas and charge air to fuel air mixture that is compressed |
DE102009048223A1 (en) * | 2009-10-05 | 2011-06-16 | Fachhochschule Trier | Process for the in-situ production of fuel-water mixtures in internal combustion engines |
CN102182587B (en) * | 2011-03-24 | 2013-03-20 | 路辉 | Fuel economizing device for mixing and atomizing fuel, water and air |
KR101338719B1 (en) | 2011-12-15 | 2013-12-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Gasoline - Diesel Dual Fuel Powered Engine and Pre-mixed Charge Compression Ignition Control Method thereof |
DE202012100107U1 (en) | 2012-01-12 | 2012-03-01 | Stefano Alberti | Retrofit system of a diesel engine for mixed operation with gas fuel |
DE102013213349B4 (en) | 2013-03-28 | 2017-10-05 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | Method for operating a dual-fuel internal combustion engine, control for a dual-fuel internal combustion engine and dual-fuel internal combustion engine |
KR102267574B1 (en) | 2013-10-15 | 2021-06-21 | 노스트럼 에너지 피티이. 리미티드 | Gas-assisted fluid atomizing injector |
DE102015216727A1 (en) | 2015-09-02 | 2017-03-02 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for injecting a fuel-water emulsion into an internal combustion engine |
DE102016118029A1 (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2017-03-23 | Volkswagen Ag | Mixing chamber concept of a fuel mixture forming system for an internal combustion engine |
DE102018219935A1 (en) | 2018-11-21 | 2020-05-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method and device for supplying an internal combustion engine with cryogenic fuel |
DE202020002930U1 (en) | 2020-07-09 | 2020-07-31 | Hartmut Schiefer | Fuel injection in the internal combustion engine |
-
2020
- 2020-05-05 DE DE102020002684.2A patent/DE102020002684A1/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-04-30 EP EP21724570.3A patent/EP4146926A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-30 WO PCT/EP2021/000055 patent/WO2021223899A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102020002684A1 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
WO2021223899A1 (en) | 2021-11-11 |
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