EP4139540B1 - Method and device for fixing a metal mesh screen to a building - Google Patents

Method and device for fixing a metal mesh screen to a building Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4139540B1
EP4139540B1 EP21732961.4A EP21732961A EP4139540B1 EP 4139540 B1 EP4139540 B1 EP 4139540B1 EP 21732961 A EP21732961 A EP 21732961A EP 4139540 B1 EP4139540 B1 EP 4139540B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
traction
screen
spring
building
visual indicator
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP21732961.4A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP4139540A1 (en
EP4139540C0 (en
Inventor
Nicolas Rodet
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Comptoir Des Mailles Et De L'architecture
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Comptoir Des Mailles Et De L'architecture
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Publication of EP4139540A1 publication Critical patent/EP4139540A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP4139540B1 publication Critical patent/EP4139540B1/en
Publication of EP4139540C0 publication Critical patent/EP4139540C0/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F10/00—Sunshades, e.g. Florentine blinds or jalousies; Outside screens; Awnings or baldachins
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
    • E04F13/002—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings made of webs, e.g. of fabrics, or wallpaper, used as coverings or linings
    • E04F13/005—Stretched foil- or web-like elements attached with edge gripping devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to systems for fixing a mesh metal screen to a building.
  • the invention applies in particular to a system for fixing a metal sun protection screen to a facade of a building.
  • the patent EP1809831 describes a panel equipped with a metal mesh intended to be mounted on the exterior of a building to obscure bay windows while allowing light to pass through.
  • the panel comprises a metal mesh consisting of frame elements formed by rods and warp elements formed by two cables passing above and below the frame elements.
  • the panel has two plates to which the canvas is glued and one of which has pawns resting on the other plate.
  • the panel can be suspended from the building by suspension elements attached to one of the plates.
  • Such solar protection structures which often extend along a plane, at a distance from a facade of a building, can have a large surface area, for example several tens or hundreds of square meters. These structures can be subjected to significant forces resulting from the effects of wind on the structure, despite the openwork nature of a mesh structure. This can result in plastic deformation or destruction of the structure.
  • the document US20140069052A1 describes a sunshade formed by a structure supporting an interweaving of metal sheets. The ends of the sheets are provided with reinforcing plates to which a hook is attached. The hook is attached to a stud that is anchored to the wall of a building. The stud is surrounded by a spring which provides tension to the metal sheets by tightening a nut screwed onto the stud.
  • This document discloses a method and a device according to the preambles of appended claims 1 and 7 respectively.
  • the document DE102014016999A1 describes an architectural film clamped between two clamping profiles. Surfaces are elastically clamped by means of a compression spring or an extension spring via fixed and spaced L-shaped holding rails. The springs serve to prestress the surface so that it does not does not vibrate too much with each little gust of wind.
  • the document WO 2017/046721 describes a roofing system comprising at least one roofing sheet, an installation and support structure.
  • the installation and support structure comprising elastic means for supporting and tensioning the sheet in at least one tension direction.
  • the elastic means have at least one pair of torsion springs for supporting and tensioning the sheet, each torsion spring has a central body in the form of a spiral from which extends a first branch, intended to be placed in abutment on a surface support of the system, and a second branch, having a hook-shaped end for the torsion spring.
  • An objective of the invention is to propose a method and a device for fixing a mesh metal structure to a building, which are improved and/or which remedy, at least in part, the shortcomings or disadvantages of known systems for fixing such structures.
  • an objective of the invention is to propose a method and a device for fixing a metal mesh solar protection screen to a building, which make it possible to easily and precisely adjust the intensity of the tension exerted on the metal mesh sun protection screen.
  • a method of fixing a metal mesh solar protection screen to a building comprising the steps consisting of: connecting the screen to the building by at least one traction element connected to at least an edge of the screen, tension the screen by exerting traction on the traction element, the traction exerted on the traction element being provided by a spring elastically deformable compression which is stressed in compression, along an axis of traction on the traction element, by an element of tensioning of the screen, the method comprising a step of evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the traction element by means of an evaluation device comprising an opaque mask and a mobile visual indicator which is integrated or linked to the spring and is movable in translation relative to the opaque mask depending on the compression of the spring.
  • the mobile visual indicator includes a witness or a colored part.
  • the spring rests on the mobile visual indicator.
  • the intensities of the traction exerted on the traction element are controlled, at a distance from the screen, by visual control of the mobile visual indicator.
  • the method comprises the steps of connecting the screen to the building by a plurality of traction elements spaced along at least one edge of the screen, tensioning the screen by exerting traction on each of the traction elements, exert traction on each traction element in accordance with the method of the invention, and evaluate the intensities of the tractions exerted on each traction element in accordance with the method of the invention.
  • the traction elements are arranged regularly spaced along an edge of the screen, and tractions whose intensities are substantially identical are exerted on the traction elements.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for fixing a metal mesh screen to a building, comprising at least one traction element to be arranged along at least one edge of the screen, to connect the screen to the building, a screen tensioning element serving to exert traction on the traction element, and an elastically deformable compression spring which is subjected to compression by the screen tensioning element, to exert a traction on the traction element, the device comprising an evaluation device of the intensity of the traction exerted on the traction element comprising an opaque mask and a movable visual indicator which is integrated or linked to the spring and is movable in translation relative to the opaque mask as a function of the compression of the spring.
  • the mobile visual indicator comprises a witness or colored part.
  • the spring rests on the mobile visual indicator.
  • the mobile visual indicator and the opaque mask surround or envelop the spring.
  • the traction element passes through the opaque mask and the mobile visual indicator.
  • the traction element comprises a threaded rod and the tensioning element comprises a nut which is screwed onto the threaded rod.
  • the stiffness of the spring is located in a range ranging from approximately ten thousand newtons per meter to approximately one hundred thousand newtons per meter.
  • the present invention also relates to a method of constructing a building provided with a metal mesh sun protection screen in which the screen is fixed to the building by a method according to the invention or by using a device conforming to the invention.
  • a screen 10 is fixed to the facade 11 of a building 12, at a distance from - and substantially parallel to - the facade 11.
  • the screen can for example consist of a canvas made from stainless steel cables or wires, in particular from weft wires or cables 13 extending horizontally, which are perpendicular to the plane of the figures 1 And 2 , and wires or cables 14 of chain extending vertically, parallel to the plane of the figures 1 And 2 .
  • the screen 10 is fixed to the building 12 via two fixing angles 16, 17 which have a square-shaped section, a respective wing 161, 171 of which rests on the facade 11, each wing 161, 171 being pierced with holes crossed by fixing screws 18 sealed in the facade wall of the building.
  • the second wing 160 of the upper angle 16 supports the screen 10 via an upper attachment bar 15, this bar 15 being suspended from the angle 16 by a suspension device including a bolt comprising a screw 19, 20 and a nut 21.
  • the bar 15 has the shape of a longitudinal axis profile 156 and comprises five substantially flat wings 151 to 155 which extend respectively along five planes parallel to the axis 156, and are mutually inclined in pairs.
  • the bar 15 can for example be obtained by carrying out four folding operations in a strip of sheet metal, the four folds being parallel to the axis 156.
  • Cuts or notches 157 are provided in the wing 151, regularly spaced along the axis 156, so that each portion of wing 151 extending between two adjacent notches 157 forms (with the wing 152) a hook used to hang the screen 10 on the bar 15.
  • a weft element (wire or cable) 13 of the screen is engaged in the angle formed by the two adjacent wings 151, 152, while the warp elements (wire or cable) 14 of the screen pass through the notches 157.
  • the three other flat wings 153 to 155 of the bar 15 form a U-shaped profile.
  • the threaded rod 19 of the screw 19, 20 extends through an orifice drilled in the wing 160 of the upper angle 16, as well as through an orifice drilled in the wing 154 of the upper bar 15 hooking, along a vertical axis 22.
  • the nut 21 of the screen suspension bolt 19 to 21 rests on the upper face of the wing 160 of the angle iron 16, via a washer.
  • the upper edge of the screen 10 is thus suspended from the bar 15 which is suspended from the angle 16.
  • the lower edge of the screen 10 is attached to a lower attachment bar 15 which is fixed to the lower angle 17 by a fixing and tensioning device including a bolt comprising a screw (or tie rod) 119, 120 and a nut 121.
  • the threaded rod 119 of the screw 119, 120 extends through an orifice drilled in the wing 170 of the angle iron 17, as well as through an orifice drilled in the wing 154 of the lower bar 15, substantially along the vertical axis 22.
  • traction (tensioning) screws 119, 120 are provided, which are arranged regularly spaced along the lower hooking bar 15 (and along the lower edge of the screen 10).
  • suspension screws 19, 20 are provided, which are arranged regularly spaced along the upper hooking bar 15 (and along the upper edge of the screen 10).
  • a nut 21, 121 is respectively screwed to each screw 19, 20, 119, 120 (to form as many bolts).
  • a helical spring 30 is provided around the rod 119 and extends between the head 120 of the screw 119, 120 and the wing 154 of the lower bar 15.
  • Each nut 121 for tensioning the screen serves to exert downward traction, along axis 22, on the traction screw 119, 120.
  • Tightening the nut 121 causes the elastic deformation of the spring 30, causing the device for fixing the lower edge of the screen to pass from the configuration illustrated in the lower part of the figure 1 , with the configuration illustrated in the lower part of the figure 2 .
  • the spring 30 is little - or not - compressed, so that an upper part of the spring 30, the head 120 of the tie rod 119, 120, and where appropriate a washer 50 interposed between this head 120 and the spring 30, s extend above the upper edge of the wing 155 of the lower attachment bar 15 and below the lower edge of the wing 151 of this bar 15.
  • the upper part of the spring 30, the head 120, and where appropriate the washer 50 are visible to an observer 99 observing the attachment to the building of the lower part of the screen 10 and placed at a distance of the screen 10, for example a few meters or tens of meters from the screen.
  • the spring 30 is sufficiently compressed so that the spring 30, the head 120 of the tie rod 119, 120, and the washer 50 extend below the upper edge of the wing 155 of the bar 15.
  • the spring 30, the head 120, and the washer 50 are not visible to an observer 99 observing the attachment to the building of the lower part of the screen 10 and placed at a distance from the screen 10 , being masked/hidden by the wing 155 (which is opaque).
  • the observer can thus visually assess that the traction on the screen carried out by the tie rods 119, 120 is correct when the spring 30, the tie rod head 120 and the support washer 50 are hidden by the part 155 of the lower bar 15.
  • the free length of the spring 30, the stiffness of this spring, the thickness of the washer 50 and that of the head 120, as well as the height of the mask formed by the wing 155 of the bar 15 are chosen so that the wing 155 hides the spring, the washer and the head when the height of the compressed spring corresponds to traction in the tie rod 119, 120 which causes the screen to be adequately tensioned.
  • the adequate tension of the screen can be determined (calculated) depending in particular on the mechanical characteristics of the mesh metal forming the screen and the evaluation of the forces exerted by the wind on the screen. These efforts can be determined in accordance with standard NF EN 1991-1-4 for example.
  • the appropriate average (distributed) tension of the screen may be of the order of one thousand to two thousand Newtons per meter of length of the lower edge of the screen.
  • the stiffness of the spring 30 can be chosen in a range going from approximately ten thousand newtons per meter (N/m) to approximately one hundred thousand newtons per meter (N/m), for example.
  • the mask 155 forms, with the head 120 and where applicable the spring 30 and/or the washer 50, a device for evaluating - or visual - indicator of the intensity of the traction exerted. on the screen 10 by the tie rod 119, 120.
  • the upper part of the spring 30, the head 120 and/or the washer 50 which is/are mobile(s) in translation relative to the mask 155, according to the traction axis 22 on the traction element 119, 120, can be colored, in particular of a color visually contrasting with that of the mask 155.
  • the visual indicator can thus be integrated or linked to the deformable mechanical member 30 (i.e. the spring), the visual indicator possibly being essentially constituted by the colored washer 50 on which the deformable mechanical member 30 rests and the tensioning element 119, 120.
  • the device for fixing and pulling the lower edge of the screen shown figures 4 And 5 comprises a fixing module 70, several identical modules 70 being sealed to the building under the lower edge of the screen, the modules 70 being able to be regularly spaced along the lower edge of the screen.
  • Each module 70 comprises a section 17 of angle iron fixed to the building 12 by two screws 18 and reinforced by two flat side gussets 80 of trapezoidal shape.
  • the traction element 119, 120 here consists of an eye screw whose head 120 is in the shape of a thick disc pierced with a central orifice of circular section through which extends an element (rod or cable) 130 frame (horizontal) provided along the lower edge of the screen to be attached to the building.
  • the device for evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the screen by the traction element 119, 120 when the tensioning nut 121 is screwed onto the rod 119 comprises a visual indicator/indicator (colored ) 500 slidably mounted inside a mask 1550 along the longitudinal axis 22 of the rod 119; the indicator 500 sinks into the mask 1550 and approaches the horizontal wing 170 of the angle 17 when the nut 121 is screwed onto the rod 119.
  • the mobile visual indicator 500 comprises a base wall 502 in the shape of a disc and pierced with an orifice crossed by the rod 119, the wall 502 being inserted/pinched between the nut 121 and the spring 30, and the indicator 500 comprises an envelope wall 501 in the form of an annular ring, which extends along the axis 22, from the wall 502, and which surrounds a lower part of the spring 30.
  • the mask 1550 comprises a bottom wall 1551 in the shape of a disc and pierced with an orifice crossed by the rod 119, this bottom wall being inserted/pinched between the horizontal wing 170 of the angle iron 17 and the spring 30 ; the mask 1550 also comprises an envelope wall in the form of an annular ring, which extends along the axis 22, from the wall 1551, and which surrounds an upper part of the spring 30 as well as the wall 501 of the indicator 500.
  • the indicator 500 and the mask 1550 form a sort of cylindrical housing in two parts surrounding/enveloping the spring 30.
  • the length of the spring 30, the stiffness of this spring, the height of the colored indicator 500 (measured along the axis 22), as well as the height of the envelope wall of the mask 1550 can be chosen so that the mask 1550 hides the colored indicator 500 when the height of the compressed spring corresponds to a traction (exerted by the tie rod 119, 120) which causes the screen to be adequately tensioned.
  • the traction exerted by the nut 121 on the tie rod 119, 120 is less than that ensuring adequate tension of the screen, and part of the indicator 500 projecting under the mask 1550 is visible to an observer who can thus evaluate that this traction is insufficient.
  • the mechanical member of the screen tension control device is a helical spring 30 which is subjected to the tensile force exerted by the tensioning element 121 on the traction element 119, 120.
  • the spring 30 is stressed in compression during tensioning, extends around a part of the traction rod 119 and is supported on the traction head 120 or on the tensioning nut 121.
  • the spring 30 contributing to making it possible to visually evaluate the intensity of the traction exerted by the tie rod 119, 120 on the screen can be any type of compression spring whose amplitude of deformation varies as a function of the intensity of the traction exerted.
  • the fixing device may comprise several traction elements and as many elements for evaluating the tractions exerted, which are arranged along several edges of the screen, in particular along the lower edge of the screen as described above. as well as along the top edge of the screen as shown figures 1 And 2 .
  • tensioning the screen along its upper edge can also be obtained by screwing the nut 21 onto the rod 19 of the screw 19, 20, so as to bring the head 20 closer to the screw of the horizontal wing 160 of angle iron 16.
  • the device for evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the rod 19 by the spring can additionally comprise a force sensor 40 delivering a signal which varies as a function of the intensity of the traction exerted on the rod 19.
  • the sensor 40 extends around a portion of the rod 19, is pinched between the head 20 of the traction screw and the wing 154 of the upper attachment bar 15, and is subjected to compression when tightening the nut 21 on the rod 19.
  • An electrical signal delivered by the sensor 40 can be converted into a light signal or a radio signal transmitting, at a distance from the screen, information characteristic of the intensity of the traction exerted on the rod 19 by the nut 21.
  • the sensor 40 can for example be a piezoelectric sensor or a sensor with strain gauge(s), and can for example be powered by photovoltaic cells integrated or connected to the screen or to the screen fixing device.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Screen Printers (AREA)
  • Building Awnings And Sunshades (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
  • Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative aux systèmes de fixation d'un écran métallique maillé à un bâtiment.The present invention relates to systems for fixing a mesh metal screen to a building.

L'invention s'applique notamment à un système de fixation d'un écran métallique de protection solaire à une façade d'un bâtiment.The invention applies in particular to a system for fixing a metal sun protection screen to a facade of a building.

Le brevet EP1809831 décrit un panneau muni d'une toile métallique destiné à être monté à l'extérieur d'un bâtiment pour occulter des baies vitrées tout en laissant passer de la lumière. Le panneau comporte une toile métallique constituée d'éléments de trame formés par des tringles et d'éléments de chaîne formés par deux câbles passant au dessus et en dessous des éléments de trame. Le panneau comporte deux plaques auxquelles est collée la toile et dont une comporte des pions prenant appui sur l'autre plaque. Le panneau peut être suspendu au bâtiment par des éléments de suspension fixés à l'une des plaques.The patent EP1809831 describes a panel equipped with a metal mesh intended to be mounted on the exterior of a building to obscure bay windows while allowing light to pass through. The panel comprises a metal mesh consisting of frame elements formed by rods and warp elements formed by two cables passing above and below the frame elements. The panel has two plates to which the canvas is glued and one of which has pawns resting on the other plate. The panel can be suspended from the building by suspension elements attached to one of the plates.

De telles structures de protection solaire, qui s'étendent souvent le long d'un plan, à distance d'une façade d'un bâtiment, peuvent présenter une surface importante, par exemple plusieurs dizaines ou centaines de mètre carré. Ces structures peuvent être soumises à des efforts importants résultant des effets du vent sur la structure, malgré le caractère ajouré d'une structure maillée. Il peut en résulter une déformation plastique ou une destruction de la structure.Such solar protection structures, which often extend along a plane, at a distance from a facade of a building, can have a large surface area, for example several tens or hundreds of square meters. These structures can be subjected to significant forces resulting from the effects of wind on the structure, despite the openwork nature of a mesh structure. This can result in plastic deformation or destruction of the structure.

Le document US20140069052A1 décrit un brise-soleil formé par une structure supportant un entrelacement de feuilles de métal. Les extrémités des feuilles sont munies de plaques de renforcement auxquelles est fixé un crochet. Le crochet est fixé à un goujon qui est ancré au mur d'un bâtiment. Le goujon est entouré d'un ressort qui fournit une tension aux feuilles de métal en serrant un écrou vissé sur le goujon. Ce document divulgue un procédé et un dispositif selon les préambules des revendications annexées 1 et 7 respectivement.The document US20140069052A1 describes a sunshade formed by a structure supporting an interweaving of metal sheets. The ends of the sheets are provided with reinforcing plates to which a hook is attached. The hook is attached to a stud that is anchored to the wall of a building. The stud is surrounded by a spring which provides tension to the metal sheets by tightening a nut screwed onto the stud. This document discloses a method and a device according to the preambles of appended claims 1 and 7 respectively.

Le document DE102014016999A1 décrit un film architectural serré entre deux profilés de serrage. Des surfaces sont serrées de manière élastique au moyen d'un ressort de compression ou d'un ressort de traction par l'intermédiaire de rails de maintien fixes et espacés en forme de L. Les ressorts servent à précontraindre la surface afin qu'elle ne vibre pas trop à chaque petit coup de vent.The document DE102014016999A1 describes an architectural film clamped between two clamping profiles. Surfaces are elastically clamped by means of a compression spring or an extension spring via fixed and spaced L-shaped holding rails. The springs serve to prestress the surface so that it does not does not vibrate too much with each little gust of wind.

Le document WO 2017/046721 décrit un système de couverture comprenant au moins une feuille de couverture, une structure d'installation et de support. La structure d'installation et de support comprenant des moyens élastiques pour supporter et tendre la feuille dans au moins une direction de tension. Les moyens élastiques ont au moins une paire de ressorts de torsion pour supporter et mettre en tension la feuille, chaque ressort de torsion a un corps central en forme de spirale duquel s'étend une première branche, destinée à être placée en butée sur une surface de support du système, et une seconde branche, ayant une extrémité en forme de crochet pour le ressort de torsion.The document WO 2017/046721 describes a roofing system comprising at least one roofing sheet, an installation and support structure. The installation and support structure comprising elastic means for supporting and tensioning the sheet in at least one tension direction. The elastic means have at least one pair of torsion springs for supporting and tensioning the sheet, each torsion spring has a central body in the form of a spiral from which extends a first branch, intended to be placed in abutment on a surface support of the system, and a second branch, having a hook-shaped end for the torsion spring.

Un objectif de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de fixation à un bâtiment d'une structure métallique maillée, qui soient améliorés et/ou qui remédient, en partie au moins, aux lacunes ou inconvénients des systèmes connus de fixation de telles structures.An objective of the invention is to propose a method and a device for fixing a mesh metal structure to a building, which are improved and/or which remedy, at least in part, the shortcomings or disadvantages of known systems for fixing such structures.

En particulier, un objectif de l'invention est de proposer un procédé et un dispositif de fixation à un bâtiment d'un écran de protection solaire à maille métallique, qui permettent de régler facilement et avec précision l'intensité de la tension exercée sur l'écran de protection solaire à maille métallique.In particular, an objective of the invention is to propose a method and a device for fixing a metal mesh solar protection screen to a building, which make it possible to easily and precisely adjust the intensity of the tension exerted on the metal mesh sun protection screen.

Cet objectif est atteint par la prévision d'un procédé de fixation à un bâtiment d'un écran de protection solaire à maille métallique, comprenant les étapes consistant à : relier l'écran au bâtiment par au moins un élément de traction relié à au moins un bord de l'écran, tendre l'écran en exerçant une traction sur l'élément de traction, la traction exercée sur l'élément de traction étant fournie par un ressort de compression déformable élastiquement qui est sollicité en compression, selon un axe de traction sur l'élément de traction, par un élément de mise en tension de l'écran, le procédé comprenant une étape d'évaluation de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur l'élément de traction au moyen d'un dispositif d'évaluation comprenant un masque opaque et un indicateur visuel mobile qui est intégré ou lié au ressort et est mobile en translation par rapport au masque opaque en fonction de la compression du ressort.This objective is achieved by providing a method of fixing a metal mesh solar protection screen to a building, comprising the steps consisting of: connecting the screen to the building by at least one traction element connected to at least an edge of the screen, tension the screen by exerting traction on the traction element, the traction exerted on the traction element being provided by a spring elastically deformable compression which is stressed in compression, along an axis of traction on the traction element, by an element of tensioning of the screen, the method comprising a step of evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the traction element by means of an evaluation device comprising an opaque mask and a mobile visual indicator which is integrated or linked to the spring and is movable in translation relative to the opaque mask depending on the compression of the spring.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'indicateur visuel mobile comporte un témoin ou une pièce colorée.According to one embodiment, the mobile visual indicator includes a witness or a colored part.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le ressort s'appuie sur l'indicateur visuel mobile.According to one embodiment, the spring rests on the mobile visual indicator.

Selon un mode de réalisation, on contrôle les intensités de la traction exercée sur l'élément de traction, à distance de l'écran, par un contrôle visuel de l'indicateur visuel mobile.According to one embodiment, the intensities of the traction exerted on the traction element are controlled, at a distance from the screen, by visual control of the mobile visual indicator.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à relier l'écran au bâtiment par une pluralité d'éléments de traction espacés le long d'au moins un bord de l'écran, tendre l'écran en exerçant une traction sur chacun des éléments de traction, exercer une traction sur chaque l'élément de traction conformément au procédé de l'invention, et évaluer les intensités des tractions exercées sur chaque élément de traction conformément au procédé de l'invention.According to one embodiment, the method comprises the steps of connecting the screen to the building by a plurality of traction elements spaced along at least one edge of the screen, tensioning the screen by exerting traction on each of the traction elements, exert traction on each traction element in accordance with the method of the invention, and evaluate the intensities of the tractions exerted on each traction element in accordance with the method of the invention.

Selon un mode de réalisation, les éléments de traction sont disposés régulièrement espacés le long d'un bord de l'écran, et l'on exerce sur les éléments de traction des tractions dont les intensités sont sensiblement identiques.According to one embodiment, the traction elements are arranged regularly spaced along an edge of the screen, and tractions whose intensities are substantially identical are exerted on the traction elements.

La présente invention concerne également un dispositif de fixation à un bâtiment d'un écran à maille métallique, comprenant au moins un élément de traction à disposer le long d'au moins un bord de l'écran, pour relier l'écran au bâtiment, un élément de mise en tension de l'écran servant à exercer une traction sur l'élément de traction, et un ressort de compression déformable élastiquement qui est sollicité en compression par l'élément de mise en tension de l'écran, pour exercer une traction sur l'élément de traction, le dispositif comprenant un dispositif d'évaluation de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur l'élément de traction comportant un masque opaque et un indicateur visuel mobile qui est intégré ou lié au ressort et est mobile en translation par rapport au masque opaque en fonction de la compression du ressort.The present invention also relates to a device for fixing a metal mesh screen to a building, comprising at least one traction element to be arranged along at least one edge of the screen, to connect the screen to the building, a screen tensioning element serving to exert traction on the traction element, and an elastically deformable compression spring which is subjected to compression by the screen tensioning element, to exert a traction on the traction element, the device comprising an evaluation device of the intensity of the traction exerted on the traction element comprising an opaque mask and a movable visual indicator which is integrated or linked to the spring and is movable in translation relative to the opaque mask as a function of the compression of the spring.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'indicateur visuel mobile comporte un témoin ou pièce colorée.According to one embodiment, the mobile visual indicator comprises a witness or colored part.

Selon un mode de réalisation, le ressort s'appuie sur l'indicateur visuel mobile.According to one embodiment, the spring rests on the mobile visual indicator.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'indicateur visuel mobile et le masque opaque entourent ou enveloppent le ressort.According to one embodiment, the mobile visual indicator and the opaque mask surround or envelop the spring.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'élément de traction traverse le masque opaque et l'indicateur visuel mobile.According to one embodiment, the traction element passes through the opaque mask and the mobile visual indicator.

Selon un mode de réalisation, l'élément de traction comporte une tige filetée et l'élément de mise en tension comprend un écrou qui est vissé sur la tige filetée.According to one embodiment, the traction element comprises a threaded rod and the tensioning element comprises a nut which is screwed onto the threaded rod.

Selon un mode de réalisation, la raideur du ressort est située dans une plage allant de dix mille newton par mètre environ jusqu'à cent mille newton par mètre environ.According to one embodiment, the stiffness of the spring is located in a range ranging from approximately ten thousand newtons per meter to approximately one hundred thousand newtons per meter.

La présente invention concerne également un procédé de construction d'un bâtiment doté d'un écran de protection solaire à maille métallique dans lequel on fixe l'écran au bâtiment par un procédé conforme à l'invention ou en utilisant un dispositif conforme à l'invention.The present invention also relates to a method of constructing a building provided with a metal mesh sun protection screen in which the screen is fixed to the building by a method according to the invention or by using a device conforming to the invention.

Ces aspects, caractéristiques, et avantages ainsi que d'autres de la présente invention seront mieux compris à la lecture de la description suivante de modes de réalisation du procédé et de dispositifs selon l'invention, faite à titre non limitatif en référence aux dessins annexés parmi lesquels :

  • la figure 1 illustre schématiquement, par une vue de côté, un écran à maille métallique fixé à une façade d'un bâtiment selon un mode de réalisation du procédé de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 illustre schématiquement, par une vue de côté, l'écran de la figure 1 dont la tension a été correctement effectuée,
  • la figure 3 illustre, par une vue en perspective, un élément d'un dispositif de fixation illustré sur les figures 1 et 2,
  • la figure 4 illustre schématiquement, par une vue de côté avec arrachement, un module de fixation d'un écran à un bâtiment selon un autre mode de réalisation du procédé de l'invention, et
  • la figure 5 illustre schématiquement, par une vue en perspective, le module de fixation illustré figure 4.
These and other aspects, characteristics, and advantages of the present invention will be better understood on reading the description. following embodiments of the method and devices according to the invention, made without limitation with reference to the appended drawings among which:
  • there figure 1 schematically illustrates, in a side view, a metal mesh screen attached to a facade of a building according to one embodiment of the method of the invention,
  • there figure 2 schematically illustrates, from a side view, the screen of the figure 1 whose tension has been correctly carried out,
  • there Figure 3 illustrates, in a perspective view, an element of a fixing device illustrated on the figures 1 And 2 ,
  • there figure 4 schematically illustrates, in a side view with a breakaway, a module for fixing a screen to a building according to another embodiment of the method of the invention, and
  • there figure 5 schematically illustrates, in a perspective view, the illustrated fixing module figure 4 .

Sauf indication explicite ou implicite contraire, des éléments ou organes - structurellement ou fonctionnellement - identiques ou similaires sont désignés par des repères identiques sur les différentes figures.Unless explicitly or implicitly indicated otherwise, elements or bodies - structurally or functionally - identical or similar are designated by identical references in the different figures.

Par référence aux figures 1 et 2 notamment, un écran 10 est fixé à la façade 11 d'un bâtiment 12, à distance de - et sensiblement parallèlement à - la façade 11.By reference to figures 1 And 2 in particular, a screen 10 is fixed to the facade 11 of a building 12, at a distance from - and substantially parallel to - the facade 11.

L'écran peut par exemple être constitué d'une toile réalisée à partir de câbles ou fils d'acier inoxydable, en particulier à partir de fils ou câbles 13 de trame s'étendant horizontalement, qui sont perpendiculaires au plan des figures 1 et 2, et de fils ou câbles 14 de chaîne s'étendant verticalement, parallèlement au plan des figures 1 et 2.The screen can for example consist of a canvas made from stainless steel cables or wires, in particular from weft wires or cables 13 extending horizontally, which are perpendicular to the plane of the figures 1 And 2 , and wires or cables 14 of chain extending vertically, parallel to the plane of the figures 1 And 2 .

L'écran 10 est fixé au bâtiment 12 par l'intermédiaire de deux cornières 16, 17 de fixation qui présentent une section en forme d'équerre, dont une aile respective 161, 171 est en appui sur la façade 11, chaque aile 161, 171 étant percée d'orifices traversés par des vis 18 de fixation scellées dans la paroi de façade du bâtiment.The screen 10 is fixed to the building 12 via two fixing angles 16, 17 which have a square-shaped section, a respective wing 161, 171 of which rests on the facade 11, each wing 161, 171 being pierced with holes crossed by fixing screws 18 sealed in the facade wall of the building.

La seconde aile 160 de la cornière supérieure 16 soutient l'écran 10 par l'intermédiaire d'une barre supérieure 15 d'accrochage, cette barre 15 étant suspendue à la cornière 16 par un dispositif de suspension incluant un boulon comportant une vis 19, 20 et un écrou 21.The second wing 160 of the upper angle 16 supports the screen 10 via an upper attachment bar 15, this bar 15 being suspended from the angle 16 by a suspension device including a bolt comprising a screw 19, 20 and a nut 21.

Par référence aux figures 1 à 3, la barre 15 présente une forme de profilé d'axe longitudinal 156 et comporte cinq ailes 151 à 155 sensiblement planes qui s'étendent respectivement le long de cinq plans parallèles à l'axe 156, et sont mutuellement inclinées deux à deux. La barre 15 peut par exemple être obtenue en réalisant quatre opérations de pliage dans une bande de tôle, les quatre plis étant parallèles à l'axe 156.By reference to figures 1 to 3 , the bar 15 has the shape of a longitudinal axis profile 156 and comprises five substantially flat wings 151 to 155 which extend respectively along five planes parallel to the axis 156, and are mutually inclined in pairs. The bar 15 can for example be obtained by carrying out four folding operations in a strip of sheet metal, the four folds being parallel to the axis 156.

Des coupes ou encoches 157 sont prévues dans l'aile 151, régulièrement espacées le long de l'axe 156, de sorte que chaque portion d'aile 151 s'étendant entre deux encoches 157 adjacentes forme (avec l'aile 152) un crochet servant à accrocher l'écran 10 à la barre 15.Cuts or notches 157 are provided in the wing 151, regularly spaced along the axis 156, so that each portion of wing 151 extending between two adjacent notches 157 forms (with the wing 152) a hook used to hang the screen 10 on the bar 15.

A cet effet, un élément (fil ou câble) de trame 13 de l'écran est engagé dans l'angle formé par les deux ailes adjacentes 151, 152, tandis que les éléments (fil ou câble) de chaîne 14 de l'écran traversent les encoches 157.For this purpose, a weft element (wire or cable) 13 of the screen is engaged in the angle formed by the two adjacent wings 151, 152, while the warp elements (wire or cable) 14 of the screen pass through the notches 157.

Les trois autres ailes planes 153 à 155 de la barre 15 forment un profilé en forme de U.The three other flat wings 153 to 155 of the bar 15 form a U-shaped profile.

La tige filetée 19 de la vis 19, 20 s'étend au travers d'un orifice percé dans l'aile 160 de la cornière 16 supérieure, ainsi qu'au travers d'un orifice percé dans l'aile 154 de la barre supérieure 15 d'accrochage, selon un axe vertical 22.The threaded rod 19 of the screw 19, 20 extends through an orifice drilled in the wing 160 of the upper angle 16, as well as through an orifice drilled in the wing 154 of the upper bar 15 hooking, along a vertical axis 22.

L'écrou 21 du boulon 19 à 21 de suspension de l'écran s'appuie sur la face supérieure de l'aile 160 de la cornière 16, par l'intermédiaire d'une rondelle.The nut 21 of the screen suspension bolt 19 to 21 rests on the upper face of the wing 160 of the angle iron 16, via a washer.

Le bord supérieur de l'écran 10 est ainsi suspendu à la barre 15 qui est suspendue à la cornière 16.The upper edge of the screen 10 is thus suspended from the bar 15 which is suspended from the angle 16.

De façon identique ou similaire, le bord inférieur de l'écran 10 est accroché à une barre inférieure 15 d'accrochage qui est fixée à la cornière inférieure 17 par un dispositif de fixation et de mise en tension incluant un boulon comportant une vis (ou tirant) 119, 120 et un écrou 121.In the same or similar manner, the lower edge of the screen 10 is attached to a lower attachment bar 15 which is fixed to the lower angle 17 by a fixing and tensioning device including a bolt comprising a screw (or tie rod) 119, 120 and a nut 121.

A cet effet, la tige filetée 119 de la vis 119, 120 s'étend au travers d'un orifice percé dans l'aile 170 de la cornière 17, ainsi qu'au travers d'un orifice percé dans l'aile 154 de la barre inférieure 15, sensiblement selon l'axe vertical 22.For this purpose, the threaded rod 119 of the screw 119, 120 extends through an orifice drilled in the wing 170 of the angle iron 17, as well as through an orifice drilled in the wing 154 of the lower bar 15, substantially along the vertical axis 22.

Plusieurs vis 119, 120 de traction (mise en tension) sont prévues, qui sont disposées régulièrement espacées le long de la barre inférieure 15 d'accrochage (et le long du bord inférieur de l'écran 10).Several traction (tensioning) screws 119, 120 are provided, which are arranged regularly spaced along the lower hooking bar 15 (and along the lower edge of the screen 10).

De la même façon, en particulier avec un pas d'espacement identique, plusieurs vis 19, 20 de suspension sont prévues, qui sont disposées régulièrement espacées le long de la barre supérieure 15 d'accrochage (et le long du bord supérieur de l'écran 10).In the same way, in particular with an identical spacing pitch, several suspension screws 19, 20 are provided, which are arranged regularly spaced along the upper hooking bar 15 (and along the upper edge of the screen 10).

Un écrou 21, 121 est respectivement vissé à chaque vis 19, 20, 119, 120 (pour former autant de boulons).A nut 21, 121 is respectively screwed to each screw 19, 20, 119, 120 (to form as many bolts).

Un ressort 30 hélicoïdal est prévu autour de la tige 119 et s'étend entre la tête 120 de la vis 119, 120 et l'aile 154 de la barre inférieure 15.A helical spring 30 is provided around the rod 119 and extends between the head 120 of the screw 119, 120 and the wing 154 of the lower bar 15.

Chaque écrou 121 de mise en tension de l'écran sert à exercer une traction vers le bas, selon l'axe 22, sur la vis 119, 120 de traction.Each nut 121 for tensioning the screen serves to exert downward traction, along axis 22, on the traction screw 119, 120.

Pour augmenter la tension dans l'écran, on visse l'écrou 121 qui est en appui (par l'intermédiaire d'une rondelle) sous l'aile 170 de la cornière 17, sur la tige filetée 119 de la vis 119, 120, de façon à rapprocher la tête 120 (de la vis) vers l'aile 154 de la barre 15 inférieure, en comprimant le ressort 30.To increase the tension in the screen, we screw the nut 121 which is supported (via a washer) under the wing 170 of the angle iron 17, on the threaded rod 119 of the screw 119, 120 , so as to bring the head 120 (of the screw) towards the wing 154 of the lower bar 15, by compressing the spring 30.

Le serrage de l'écrou 121 provoque la déformation élastique du ressort 30, faisant passer le dispositif de fixation du bord inférieur de l'écran de la configuration illustrée en partie basse de la figure 1, à la configuration illustrée en partie basse de la figure 2.Tightening the nut 121 causes the elastic deformation of the spring 30, causing the device for fixing the lower edge of the screen to pass from the configuration illustrated in the lower part of the figure 1 , with the configuration illustrated in the lower part of the figure 2 .

Dans la configuration illustrée figure 1, le ressort 30 est peu - ou pas - comprimé, de sorte qu'une partie supérieure du ressort 30, la tête 120 du tirant 119, 120, et le cas échéant une rondelle 50 interposée entre cette tête 120 et le ressort 30, s'étendent au dessus du bord supérieur de l'aile 155 de la barre 15 d'accrochage inférieure et au dessous du bord inférieur de l'aile 151 de cette barre 15.In the configuration shown figure 1 , the spring 30 is little - or not - compressed, so that an upper part of the spring 30, the head 120 of the tie rod 119, 120, and where appropriate a washer 50 interposed between this head 120 and the spring 30, s extend above the upper edge of the wing 155 of the lower attachment bar 15 and below the lower edge of the wing 151 of this bar 15.

Par conséquent, dans cette configuration, la partie supérieure du ressort 30, la tête 120, et le cas échéant la rondelle 50 sont visibles par un observateur 99 observant la fixation au bâtiment de la partie inférieure de l'écran 10 et placé à distance de l'écran 10, par exemple à quelques mètre ou dizaines de mètre de l'écran.Consequently, in this configuration, the upper part of the spring 30, the head 120, and where appropriate the washer 50 are visible to an observer 99 observing the attachment to the building of the lower part of the screen 10 and placed at a distance of the screen 10, for example a few meters or tens of meters from the screen.

A contrario, dans la configuration illustrée figure 2, le ressort 30 est suffisamment comprimé pour que le ressort 30, la tête 120 du tirant 119, 120, et la rondelle 50 s'étendent au dessous du bord supérieur de l'aile 155 de la barre 15.Conversely, in the configuration illustrated figure 2 , the spring 30 is sufficiently compressed so that the spring 30, the head 120 of the tie rod 119, 120, and the washer 50 extend below the upper edge of the wing 155 of the bar 15.

Par conséquent, dans cette configuration, le ressort 30, la tête 120, et la rondelle 50 ne sont pas visibles par un observateur 99 observant la fixation au bâtiment de la partie inférieure de l'écran 10 et placé à distance de l'écran 10, étant masqués/cachés par l'aile 155 (qui est opaque).Consequently, in this configuration, the spring 30, the head 120, and the washer 50 are not visible to an observer 99 observing the attachment to the building of the lower part of the screen 10 and placed at a distance from the screen 10 , being masked/hidden by the wing 155 (which is opaque).

L'observateur peut ainsi évaluer visuellement que la traction sur l'écran opérée par les tirants 119, 120 est correcte lorsque le ressort 30, la tête 120 de tirant et la rondelle 50 d'appui sont masqués par la partie 155 de la barre inférieure 15.The observer can thus visually assess that the traction on the screen carried out by the tie rods 119, 120 is correct when the spring 30, the tie rod head 120 and the support washer 50 are hidden by the part 155 of the lower bar 15.

La longueur libre du ressort 30, la raideur de ce ressort, l'épaisseur de la rondelle 50 et celle de la tête 120, ainsi que la hauteur du masque formé par l'aile 155 de la barre 15 sont choisis de sorte que l'aile 155 masque le ressort, la rondelle et la tête lorsque la hauteur du ressort comprimé correspond à une traction dans le tirant 119, 120 qui provoque la mise en tension adéquate de l'écran.The free length of the spring 30, the stiffness of this spring, the thickness of the washer 50 and that of the head 120, as well as the height of the mask formed by the wing 155 of the bar 15 are chosen so that the wing 155 hides the spring, the washer and the head when the height of the compressed spring corresponds to traction in the tie rod 119, 120 which causes the screen to be adequately tensioned.

La tension adéquate de l'écran peut être déterminée (calculée) en fonction notamment des caractéristiques mécaniques de la maille métallique formant l'écran et de l'évaluation des efforts exercés par le vent sur l'écran. Ces efforts peuvent être déterminés conformément à la norme NF EN 1991-1-4 par exemple.The adequate tension of the screen can be determined (calculated) depending in particular on the mechanical characteristics of the mesh metal forming the screen and the evaluation of the forces exerted by the wind on the screen. These efforts can be determined in accordance with standard NF EN 1991-1-4 for example.

Par exemple, la tension moyenne (répartie) adéquate de l'écran peut être de l'ordre de mille à deux mille Newton par mètre de longueur du bord inférieur de l'écran.For example, the appropriate average (distributed) tension of the screen may be of the order of one thousand to two thousand Newtons per meter of length of the lower edge of the screen.

La raideur du ressort 30 peut être choisie dans une plage allant de dix mille newton par mètre (N/m) environ jusqu'à cent mille newton par mètre (N/m) environ, par exemple.The stiffness of the spring 30 can be chosen in a range going from approximately ten thousand newtons per meter (N/m) to approximately one hundred thousand newtons per meter (N/m), for example.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, le masque 155 forme, avec la tête 120 et le cas échéant le ressort 30 et/ou la rondelle 50, un dispositif d'évaluation - ou indicateur - visuel(le) de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur l'écran 10 par le tirant 119, 120.In this embodiment, the mask 155 forms, with the head 120 and where applicable the spring 30 and/or the washer 50, a device for evaluating - or visual - indicator of the intensity of the traction exerted. on the screen 10 by the tie rod 119, 120.

Pour faciliter l'évaluation visuelle de l'intensité de la traction exercée, la partie supérieure du ressort 30, la tête 120 et/ou la rondelle 50 qui est/sont mobile(s) en translation par rapport au masque 155, selon l'axe 22 de traction sur l'élément 119, 120 de traction, peu(ven)t être colorée(es), en particulier d'une couleur contrastant visuellement avec celle du masque 155.To facilitate the visual evaluation of the intensity of the traction exerted, the upper part of the spring 30, the head 120 and/or the washer 50 which is/are mobile(s) in translation relative to the mask 155, according to the traction axis 22 on the traction element 119, 120, can be colored, in particular of a color visually contrasting with that of the mask 155.

L'indicateur visuel peut ainsi être intégré ou lié à l'organe 30 mécanique déformable (i.e. le ressort), l'indicateur visuel pouvant être essentiellement constitué par la rondelle 50 colorée sur laquelle s'appuient l'organe 30 mécanique déformable et l'élément 119, 120 de mise en tension.The visual indicator can thus be integrated or linked to the deformable mechanical member 30 (i.e. the spring), the visual indicator possibly being essentially constituted by the colored washer 50 on which the deformable mechanical member 30 rests and the tensioning element 119, 120.

Le dispositif de fixation et de traction du bord inférieur de l'écran illustré figures 4 et 5 comporte un module 70 de fixation, plusieurs modules 70 identiques étant scellés au bâtiment sous le bord inférieur de l'écran, les modules 70 pouvant être régulièrement espacés le long du bord inférieur de l'écran.The device for fixing and pulling the lower edge of the screen shown figures 4 And 5 comprises a fixing module 70, several identical modules 70 being sealed to the building under the lower edge of the screen, the modules 70 being able to be regularly spaced along the lower edge of the screen.

Chaque module 70 comporte un tronçon 17 de cornière fixé au bâtiment 12 par deux vis 18 et renforcé par deux goussets 80 latéraux plans de forme trapézoïdale.Each module 70 comprises a section 17 of angle iron fixed to the building 12 by two screws 18 and reinforced by two flat side gussets 80 of trapezoidal shape.

L'élément 119, 120 de traction est ici constitué d'une vis à oeil dont la tête 120 est en forme de disque épais percé d'un orifice central de section circulaire au travers duquel s'étend un élément (tige ou câble) 130 de trame (horizontal) prévu le long du bord inférieur de l'écran à fixer au bâtiment.The traction element 119, 120 here consists of an eye screw whose head 120 is in the shape of a thick disc pierced with a central orifice of circular section through which extends an element (rod or cable) 130 frame (horizontal) provided along the lower edge of the screen to be attached to the building.

Le dispositif d'évaluation de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur l'écran par l'élément 119, 120 de traction lorsque l'écrou 121 de mise en tension est vissé sur la tige 119, comporte un témoin/indicateur visuel (coloré) 500 monté coulissant à l'intérieur d'un masque 1550 selon l'axe 22 longitudinal de la tige 119 ; l'indicateur 500 s'enfonce dans le masque 1550 et se rapproche de l'aile horizontale 170 de la cornière 17 lorsque l'écrou 121 est vissé sur la tige 119.The device for evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the screen by the traction element 119, 120 when the tensioning nut 121 is screwed onto the rod 119, comprises a visual indicator/indicator (colored ) 500 slidably mounted inside a mask 1550 along the longitudinal axis 22 of the rod 119; the indicator 500 sinks into the mask 1550 and approaches the horizontal wing 170 of the angle 17 when the nut 121 is screwed onto the rod 119.

L'indicateur visuel mobile 500 comporte une paroi 502 de base en forme de disque et percée d'un orifice traversé par la tige 119, la paroi 502 étant insérée/pincée entre l'écrou 121 et le ressort 30, et l'indicateur 500 comporte une paroi 501 d'enveloppe en forme de bague annulaire, qui s'étend selon l'axe 22, à partir de la paroi 502, et qui entoure une partie inférieure du ressort 30.The mobile visual indicator 500 comprises a base wall 502 in the shape of a disc and pierced with an orifice crossed by the rod 119, the wall 502 being inserted/pinched between the nut 121 and the spring 30, and the indicator 500 comprises an envelope wall 501 in the form of an annular ring, which extends along the axis 22, from the wall 502, and which surrounds a lower part of the spring 30.

De façon similaire, le masque 1550 comporte une paroi 1551 de fond en forme de disque et percée d'un orifice traversé par la tige 119, cette paroi de fond étant insérée/pincée entre l'aile horizontale 170 de la cornière 17 et le ressort 30 ; le masque 1550 comporte également une paroi d'enveloppe en forme de bague annulaire, qui s'étend selon l'axe 22, à partir de la paroi 1551, et qui entoure une partie supérieure du ressort 30 ainsi que la paroi 501 de l'indicateur 500.Similarly, the mask 1550 comprises a bottom wall 1551 in the shape of a disc and pierced with an orifice crossed by the rod 119, this bottom wall being inserted/pinched between the horizontal wing 170 of the angle iron 17 and the spring 30 ; the mask 1550 also comprises an envelope wall in the form of an annular ring, which extends along the axis 22, from the wall 1551, and which surrounds an upper part of the spring 30 as well as the wall 501 of the indicator 500.

L'indicateur 500 et le masque 1550 forment une sorte boîtier cylindrique en deux parties entourant/enveloppant le ressort 30.The indicator 500 and the mask 1550 form a sort of cylindrical housing in two parts surrounding/enveloping the spring 30.

Comme dans le mode de réalisation des figures 1 et 2, la longueur du ressort 30, la raideur de ce ressort, la hauteur de l'indicateur coloré 500 (mesurée selon l'axe 22), ainsi que la hauteur de la paroi d'enveloppe du masque 1550 peuvent être choisis de sorte que le masque 1550 cache l'indicateur coloré 500 lorsque la hauteur du ressort comprimé correspond à une traction (exercée par le tirant 119, 120) qui provoque la mise en tension adéquate de l'écran.As in the embodiment of figures 1 And 2 , the length of the spring 30, the stiffness of this spring, the height of the colored indicator 500 (measured along the axis 22), as well as the height of the envelope wall of the mask 1550 can be chosen so that the mask 1550 hides the colored indicator 500 when the height of the compressed spring corresponds to a traction (exerted by the tie rod 119, 120) which causes the screen to be adequately tensioned.

Dans la configuration illustrée figures 4 et 5, la traction exercée par l'écrou 121 sur le tirant 119, 120 est inférieure à celle assurant une tension adéquate de l'écran, et une partie de l'indicateur 500 saillant sous le masque 1550 est visible par un observateur qui peut ainsi évaluer que cette traction est insuffisante.In the configuration shown figures 4 And 5 , the traction exerted by the nut 121 on the tie rod 119, 120 is less than that ensuring adequate tension of the screen, and part of the indicator 500 projecting under the mask 1550 is visible to an observer who can thus evaluate that this traction is insufficient.

Dans les modes de réalisation décrits ci avant, l'organe mécanique du dispositif de contrôle de la tension de l'écran est un ressort hélicoïdal 30 qui est soumis à l'effort de traction exercé par l'élément 121 de mise en tension sur l'élément 119, 120 de traction. Le ressort 30 est sollicité en compression lors de la mise en tension, s'étend autour d'une partie de la tige 119 de traction et est en appui sur la tête 120 de traction ou sur l'écrou 121 de mise en tension.In the embodiments described above, the mechanical member of the screen tension control device is a helical spring 30 which is subjected to the tensile force exerted by the tensioning element 121 on the traction element 119, 120. The spring 30 is stressed in compression during tensioning, extends around a part of the traction rod 119 and is supported on the traction head 120 or on the tensioning nut 121.

Le ressort 30 contribuant à permettre d'évaluer visuellement l'intensité de la traction exercée par le tirant 119, 120 sur l'écran, peut être tout type de ressort de compression dont l'amplitude de la déformation varie en fonction de l'intensité de la traction exercée.The spring 30 contributing to making it possible to visually evaluate the intensity of the traction exerted by the tie rod 119, 120 on the screen, can be any type of compression spring whose amplitude of deformation varies as a function of the intensity of the traction exerted.

Le dispositif de fixation peut comporter plusieurs éléments de traction et autant d'éléments d'évaluation des tractions exercées, qui sont disposés le long de plusieurs bords de l'écran, en particulier le long du bord inférieur de l'écran comme décrit ci avant ainsi que le long du bord supérieur de l'écran comme illustré figures 1 et 2.The fixing device may comprise several traction elements and as many elements for evaluating the tractions exerted, which are arranged along several edges of the screen, in particular along the lower edge of the screen as described above. as well as along the top edge of the screen as shown figures 1 And 2 .

Par référence aux figures 1 et 2, la mise en tension de l'écran le long de son bord supérieur peut également s'obtenir en vissant l'écrou 21 sur la tige 19 de la vis 19, 20, de façon à rapprocher la tête 20 de la vis de l'aile horizontale 160 de la cornière 16.By reference to figures 1 And 2 , tensioning the screen along its upper edge can also be obtained by screwing the nut 21 onto the rod 19 of the screw 19, 20, so as to bring the head 20 closer to the screw of the horizontal wing 160 of angle iron 16.

Dans un mode réalisation, le dispositif d'évaluation de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur la tige 19 par le ressort peut additionnellement comporter un capteur 40 d'effort délivrant un signal qui varie en fonction de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur la tige 19. A cet effet, le capteur 40 s'étend autour d'une portion de la tige 19, est pincé entre la tête 20 de la vis de traction et l'aile 154 de la barre supérieure 15 d'accrochage, et est sollicité en compression lors du serrage de l'écrou 21 sur la tige 19. Un signal électrique délivré par le capteur 40 peut être converti en un signal lumineux ou un signal radio transmettant, à distance de l'écran, une information caractéristique de l'intensité de la traction exercée sur la tige 19 par l'écrou 21. Le capteur 40 peut être par exemple un capteur piézo-électrique ou un capteur à jauge(s) de contrainte, et peut par exemple être alimenté par des cellules photovoltaïques intégrées ou reliées à l'écran ou au dispositif de fixation de l'écran.In one embodiment, the device for evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the rod 19 by the spring can additionally comprise a force sensor 40 delivering a signal which varies as a function of the intensity of the traction exerted on the rod 19. For this purpose, the sensor 40 extends around a portion of the rod 19, is pinched between the head 20 of the traction screw and the wing 154 of the upper attachment bar 15, and is subjected to compression when tightening the nut 21 on the rod 19. An electrical signal delivered by the sensor 40 can be converted into a light signal or a radio signal transmitting, at a distance from the screen, information characteristic of the intensity of the traction exerted on the rod 19 by the nut 21. The sensor 40 can for example be a piezoelectric sensor or a sensor with strain gauge(s), and can for example be powered by photovoltaic cells integrated or connected to the screen or to the screen fixing device.

Claims (14)

  1. A method for attaching a metal mesh (13, 14) sunshield screen (10) to a building (12), comprising the steps of:
    connecting the screen to the building by at least one traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) connected to at least one edge of the screen,
    tensioning the screen by exerting a traction on the traction element, the traction on the traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) being provided by an elastically deformable compression spring (30) which is compression loaded, along a traction axis (22) on the traction element, by a screen tensioning element (21, 121),
    wherein the method comprises a step of evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the traction element by means of an evaluation device (50, 120, 155, 500, 501, 1550) comprising an opaque mask (155, 1550) and a movable visual indicator (50, 120, 500, 501) which is integral with or linked to the spring (30) and is movable relative to the opaque mask (155, 1550) as a function of the compression of the spring (30).
  2. The method of claim 1, wherein the movable visual indicator comprises a witness or colored part (50, 120, 500, 501).
  3. The method of any of claims 1 and 2, wherein the spring (30) rests on the movable visual indicator (50, 120, 500, 501).
  4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the intensities of the traction on the traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) are monitored remotely from the screen by visual control of the movable visual indicator.
  5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
    - connecting the screen to the building by a plurality of traction elements (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) spaced along at least one edge of the screen,
    - tensioning the screen by exerting traction on each of the traction elements,
    - exerting traction on each traction element according to claim 1, and
    - evaluating the intensities of the traction exerted on each traction element according to claim 1.
  6. The method of claim 5, wherein the traction elements (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) are arranged evenly spaced along an edge of the screen, and the traction elements are acted upon with substantially equal traction intensities.
  7. A device for attaching a metal mesh (13, 14) screen (10) to a building (12), comprising:
    - at least one traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) configured to be arranged along at least one edge of the screen, to connect the screen to the building,
    - a screen tensioning element (20, 121) for exerting traction on the traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121), and
    - an elastically deformable compression spring (30) which is compression loaded by the screen tensioning element (21, 121) to exert a traction on the traction element,
    - wherein the device comprises a device (50, 120, 155, 500, 501, 1550) for evaluating the intensity of the traction exerted on the traction element, including an opaque mask (155, 1550) and a movable visual indicator (50, 120, 500, 501) that is integral with or linked to the spring (30) and is movable with respect to the opaque mask (155, 1550) as a function of the compression of the spring.
  8. The device of claim 7, wherein the movable visual indicator (50, 120, 500, 501) comprises a witness or colored indicator (50, 120, 500, 501).
  9. The device of any of claims 7 and 8, wherein the spring (30) rests on the movable visual indicator (50, 120, 500, 501).
  10. The device of any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the movable visual indicator (500) and the opaque mask (1550) surround or envelop the spring (30).
  11. The device according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) passes through the opaque mask (1550) and the moving visual indicator (50, 500).
  12. The device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the traction element (19, 20, 21, 119, 120, 121) comprises a threaded stem (19, 119) and the tensioning element comprises a nut (21, 121) that is screwed onto the threaded stem (119).
  13. The device of any one of claims 7 to 12, wherein the stiffness of the spring (30) is in a range from about ten thousand newtons per meter (N/m) up to about one hundred thousand newtons per meter (N/m).
  14. A method of constructing a building provided with a metal mesh sunscreen wherein the screen is attached to the building by a method according to any of claims 1 to 6 or using a device according to any of claims 7 to 13.
EP21732961.4A 2020-05-13 2021-05-12 Method and device for fixing a metal mesh screen to a building Active EP4139540B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2004726A FR3110110B1 (en) 2020-05-13 2020-05-13 Method and device for attaching a metal mesh screen to a building
PCT/FR2021/050831 WO2021229187A1 (en) 2020-05-13 2021-05-12 Method and device for attaching a metal mesh screen to a building

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4139540A1 EP4139540A1 (en) 2023-03-01
EP4139540B1 true EP4139540B1 (en) 2024-02-07
EP4139540C0 EP4139540C0 (en) 2024-02-07

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ID=71894976

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21732961.4A Active EP4139540B1 (en) 2020-05-13 2021-05-12 Method and device for fixing a metal mesh screen to a building

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US20230203819A1 (en)
EP (1) EP4139540B1 (en)
CA (1) CA3178558A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2976163T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3110110B1 (en)
PL (1) PL4139540T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2021229187A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2931436A (en) * 1955-05-17 1960-04-05 Parrish Charles Raymond Tension screen
FR1428959A (en) * 1965-03-26 1966-02-18 Eurosap Deyrolle Soc Dial dynamometer
FR2876401B1 (en) 2004-10-12 2007-02-23 Nicolas Rodet PANEL WITH METAL CANVAS
CL2012002171U1 (en) * 2012-08-03 2012-11-30 Hunter Douglas Chile S A A bankrupt formed by a structure that supports an interweave of metal sheets, consisting of structural profiles to support the sheets, where the sheets alternately pass through the front of an outer tube and through the back of an inner tube, the ends of the sheets have reinforcing plates and means for tensioning them
DE102014016999A1 (en) * 2014-11-18 2016-05-19 Robert Simmoteit Lightweight construction element and clamping device
ITUB20153655A1 (en) * 2015-09-16 2017-03-16 Sailmaker Int S R L COVER SYSTEM

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Publication number Publication date
PL4139540T3 (en) 2024-04-22
EP4139540A1 (en) 2023-03-01
EP4139540C0 (en) 2024-02-07
CA3178558A1 (en) 2021-11-18
FR3110110B1 (en) 2022-06-17
FR3110110A1 (en) 2021-11-19
US20230203819A1 (en) 2023-06-29
ES2976163T3 (en) 2024-07-24
WO2021229187A1 (en) 2021-11-18

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