EP4128304A1 - Hochspannungsleistungsschalter und verfahren zum isolieren wenigstens einer vakuumschaltröhre mit kunststoffschaum - Google Patents
Hochspannungsleistungsschalter und verfahren zum isolieren wenigstens einer vakuumschaltröhre mit kunststoffschaumInfo
- Publication number
- EP4128304A1 EP4128304A1 EP21725034.9A EP21725034A EP4128304A1 EP 4128304 A1 EP4128304 A1 EP 4128304A1 EP 21725034 A EP21725034 A EP 21725034A EP 4128304 A1 EP4128304 A1 EP 4128304A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum interrupter
- circuit breaker
- voltage circuit
- housing
- plastic foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
- H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
Definitions
- the invention relates to a high-voltage circuit breaker with at least one vacuum interrupter, which is arranged in at least one housing, and a method for isolating at least one vacuum interrupter in at least one hous.
- High-voltage circuit breakers are used to switch voltages in the range of up to 1200 kV voltage and in the range of up to several thousand amperes of current.
- extinguishing and insulating gases ie switching gases such. B. SF 6
- B. SF 6 is used, which are harmful to the climate and / or keep toxic components ent.
- Switch with alternative switching gases such as B. Clean Air, ie dry, purified air, are with the same design and at the same maximum switching voltages or currents to be switched, lead trainees in the dimensions larger to ensure safe electrical insulation between the electrically conductive components, which increases the cost elevated.
- the use of vacuum interrupters in high-voltage circuit breakers, in conjunction with a suitable insulation is an alternative to z.
- the vacuum interrupters are z. B. in an outer insulator, ie cap, or metallic tank, ie boiler angeord net.
- a throw is z. B. columnar, in particular formed with circular circumferential ribs on the outer circumference in order to increase the electrical insulation along the outer circumferential surface in the direction of the longitudinal axis.
- the insulator is made in one or more parts, in particular in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and Z. B. made of ceramic, silicone and / or a composite material.
- One or more vacuum interrupters are z. B. arranged along the longitudinal axis of the insulator, in particular coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the insulator, and fixed mechanically in the insulator.
- the isolator is e.g. B. columnar on right or horizontal, z. B. on a columnar upright insulator arranged.
- a boiler is z. B. in the form of an ellipsoid or a circular cylinder manufactured by metal, in particular steel, cast iron, and / or aluminum.
- the high-voltage circuit breaker can comprise more than one vacuum interrupter connected in series and / or in parallel, a vacuum interrupter being assumed below for the sake of simplicity.
- the vacuum interrupter is mechanically stable and electrically conductive inside the insulator between at least two äuße Ren electrical connections and connected, the electrical connections z. B. are designed in the form of terminal lugs for connecting high-voltage lines, power generators and / or power consumers.
- the structure of a vacuum interrupter for high-voltage circuit breakers is z. B. from EP 0102 317 A2.
- the vacuum interrupter comprises a circular, straight cylinder as a shell, which is evacuated inside.
- the shell is made up of two or more identical or different lengths and / or widths, straight cylindrical halves made of ceramic or ceramic parts, which are joined together via a metal cylinder or a metal part with transition pieces in the middle of the housing.
- transition pieces can be designed as screen electrodes or shielding in the Ge housing.
- the vacuum interrupter comprises at least one electrical contact with a fixed and a movable contact piece for switching.
- several movable contact pieces can also be comprised of the at least one electrical contact, with or without a fixed contact piece.
- a vacuum interrupter is also used assumed one fixed and one movable contact piece.
- the contact pieces are plate-shaped in the vacuum interrupter and are enclosed in a vacuum. To the outside, the contact pieces are guided in the shape of a bolt and each electrically connected to an external electrical connection, for. B. connected in the form of a terminal lug of the high-voltage circuit breaker.
- the movable contact piece is z. B. guided and stored in a vacuum-tight manner in the vacuum interrupter via a bellows.
- elements of the vacuum tube are not described in detail below.
- the movable contact piece When switching on, the movable contact piece is moved towards the fixed contact piece until there is mechanical and electrical contact between the contact pieces.
- the vacuum interrupter is designed to be elongated in order to ensure sufficient distances inside.
- the straight cylindrical halves made of Kera mik or ceramic parts of the vacuum interrupter are z. B. constructed from several parts, which are assembled over metal parts with transition pieces.
- the transition pieces are z. B. each carried out in the housing as shielding electrodes or shielding.
- the vacuum interrupter is in particular from conductive liquids and environmental influences to be stored in a spatially stable manner electrically isolated.
- the vacuum interrupter is stored in an electrically insulated manner in a sleeve or tank filled with insulating gas at a distance from the sleeve or tank that ensures a sufficient distance according to the insulating properties of the insulating gas. This leads to large outer dimensions, in particular the scope and / or length of the high-voltage circuit breaker or the cap or boiler, connected with high material costs and high costs.
- the object of the present invention is to provide a high-voltage circuit breaker and a method for isolating at least one vacuum interrupter in at least one housing, in particular in a housing of the high-voltage circuit breaker described above, which has a reduced scope and / or a reduced compared to the prior art Allow length of the housing of the high-voltage power switch, lower manufacturing costs and a lower cost of materials for the housing, while at the same time having better environmental, electrical insulation and mechanical stability properties.
- a high-voltage circuit breaker with the features according to claim 1 and / or by a method for isolating at least one vacuum interrupter in at least one housing, in particular in a housing of a high-voltage circuit breaker described above, according to claim 13.
- Advantageous embodiments of the high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention for isolating at least one vacuum interrupter in at least one housing, in particular in a previously described high-voltage circuit breaker, are specified in the subclaims.
- the objects of the main claims can be combined with one another and with features of subclaims and features of the subclaims.
- a high-voltage circuit breaker according to the invention comprises at least one vacuum interrupter which is arranged in at least one housing. At least one volume between the at least one vacuum interrupter and the at least one housing is filled with plastic foam.
- Plastic foam has a high mechanical stability, with good electrically insulating properties, plastic foam being able to fill a volume well, especially on parts that are difficult to access, is inexpensive and easy to process. This results in mechanically stable storage of the vacuum interrupter in the housing of the high-voltage circuit breaker, good electrical insulation from the environment and against flashovers, in particular between the electrical connections of the vacuum interrupter, and good filling or filling of volume between the vacuum interrupter and the housing, which enables an inexpensive, long-term stable and easy to manufacture high-voltage circuit breaker.
- the plastic foam can comprise an insulating gas-filled plastic foam and / or be an insulating gas-filled plastic foam.
- the insulating gas can be and / or comprise SF 6 and / or clean air and / or nitrogen and / or other alternative gases.
- plastic foam with SF 6 and / or clean air and / or nitrogen and / or other alternative gases has very good electrical insulation properties, is inexpensive and environmentally friendly because SF 6 is well bound and can only escape with great difficulty, and clean air and / or nitrogen and / or other alternative gases are environmentally neutral, especially with regard to global warming, and are not toxic.
- the plastic foam can comprise polyurethane, in particular a PU and / or PUR foam in the form of a one-component foam, in particular comprising isocyanate and / or polyol, and / or a two-component foam, in particular comprising a polyisocyanate and / or polyol with crosslinking agent and or Harder.
- polyurethane in particular a PU and / or PUR foam in the form of a one-component foam, in particular comprising isocyanate and / or polyol, and / or a two-component foam, in particular comprising a polyisocyanate and / or polyol with crosslinking agent and or Harder.
- the housing can comprise a cover and / or a boiler, in particular a mechanically stable and / or moisture-impermeable cover and / or boiler.
- a mechanically stable high-voltage circuit breaker is possible, please include, whereby solar radiation and weather conditions cannot damage the foam and long-term stability with the properties described above is provided.
- the housing can consist of an insulator, in particular ceramic and / or silicone, or comprise an insulator, in particular ceramic and / or silicone. These materials are light- and weather-resistant, prevent diffusion of liquid into the foam, are mechanically stable, inexpensive and stable over the long term, with very good electrical insulating properties.
- the at least one vacuum interrupter can be configured in the shape of a circular cylinder and the housing can be configured as a hollow cylinder with a circular base, the at least one vacuum interrupter being arranged coaxially in the housing.
- the elements of the vacuum interrupter have the same, in particular minimal, distance to the inner wall of the housing or insulator everywhere along the circumference and the longitudinal axis.
- the housing or the insulator can be designed with a minimal scope, with the advantages described above, in particular cost and material savings.
- the at least one volume between the at least one vacuum interrupter and the at least one housing, which is filled with plastic foam, can protrude along the length of the vacuum interrupter beyond the vacuum interrupter, in particular on both sides of the vacuum interrupter. So who the ends of the vacuum interrupter or parts that are not are movable, but z. B. are made of metal, insulated by plastic foam. An electrical flashover between parts at the ends of the vacuum interrupter is thus prevented or, with normal operating voltages, the probability of an electrical flashover is minimized.
- the at least one vacuum interrupter can comprise insulator jacket parts, in particular made of ceramic, and / or a spatially fixed electrical contact on one side, in particular a metallic contact rod, which are enclosed by plastic foam, in particular completely encased by plastic foam.
- the at least one volume between the at least one vacuum interrupter and the at least one housing can be completely filled with plastic foam, with the exception of movable areas of the at least one vacuum interrupter, in particular at least one bellows and / or a movable electrical contact on one side of the at least a vacuum interrupter.
- the moving parts and / or the falcon bellows can be encapsulated, and the encapsulation can be encased with plastic foam, so that the mobility of the parts is not restricted by the plastic foam, but good electrical insulation is ensured, in particular against electrical flashovers.
- Ends of the at least one vacuum interrupter can each be shielded from the outside by a shielding ring, in particular made of a metal and / or a hollow tube.
- the volume between the at least one shield and the at least one housing of the high-voltage circuit breaker can be filled with plastic foam, in particular completely filled.
- Figure shows a schematic sectional view of a high-voltage circuit breaker 1 according to the invention viewed from one side, with a vacuum interrupter 2 in a housing 3, a volume between vacuum interrupter 2 and housing 3 being filled with plastic foam 4.
- a section of a high-voltage circuit breaker 1 is shown schematically in a sectional view, viewed from one side.
- the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 includes a vacuum interrupter 2, which is shown only schematically for the sake of simplicity, with a spatially fixed electrical contact 8 or contact piece and a movable electrical contact 9 or contact piece, for electrical opening and closing of a current path.
- the contacts 8, 9 each consist of a contact plate and a contact pin, which the interior with the The exterior of the vacuum interrupter 2, in particular each with an outer electrical terminal lug, connects.
- the vacuum interrupter 2 is evacuated inside and outwardly over the outer jacket of the vacuum interrupter 2, in particular with insulator jacket parts 7 z.
- B. made of ceramic, bellows and metal connectors or shielding electrodes and outwardly guided contact bolts 8, 9, sealed airtight.
- the vacuum interrupter 2 is in particular designed in the shape of a circular cylinder, with a longitudinal axis along the longitudinal axis of the contact pieces 8, 9 or the contact piece bolts, with a
- Contact plate is arranged in each case at the end of a contact piece pin inside the vacuum interrupter 2.
- Two contact plates are each with a flat side opposite, and are spaced apart from each other angeord net when the current path is open or high-voltage circuit breaker 1, with a gap between the z.
- the movable contact 9 or the movable contact piece is moved towards the second, in particular fixed contact 8 or the fixed contact piece, until a mechanical and / or electrical contact is made.
- the current path is closed and the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 is switched on.
- Currents of e.g. B. up to a few kA can flow via the contact pieces 8 and 9, in particular connected to external contact lugs or electrical connections of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1.
- the vacuum interrupter 2 is for electrical insulation of contacts 8, 9 to the outside, to avoid electrical flashovers, and to protect against environmental influences such as radiation, dust, and liquids such.
- the cap and / or boiler 5 is z.
- umbrella-shaped ribs running around the circumference, spaced from one another along the longitudinal axis, which avoid or leakage currents along the longitudinal axis of the insulator on the outer circumference, can run on the outer circumference, not shown in the single figure for the sake of simplicity. Reduce.
- the vacuum interrupter 2 is spatially fixed in the housing 3 or cover and / or boiler 5, z. B. held by hollow cylindrical shields 6, inside z. B. the bolt-shaped ends of the contacts 8, 9 are arranged or are electrically connected to outer contacts of the high-voltage power scarf age 1.
- the interior of the shieldings 6 can, for. B. by base and cover plates, for the sake of simplicity not shown in the single figure, in particular in connection with the vacuum interrupter 2 be sealed gas-tight to the outside, and with an insulating gas such.
- B. Clean Air and / or SF 6 must be filled.
- a solid material can be used on the fixed contact side.
- the circular cylindrical vacuum interrupter 2, the hollow cylindrical cover or boiler 5 and the hollow cylinder-shaped shields 6 are in particular arranged coaxially to one another, with the shields 6 at the ends of the vacuum interrupter 2 and with the vacuum interrupter 2 and the shields 6 inside the cover or boiler 5 arranged.
- a gap or free volume between the cover or boiler 5 and the vacuum interrupter 2 and in particular the shields 6 is filled or filled with plastic foam 4, in particular completely filled.
- an electrical insulation of the vacuum interrupter 2 with the exception of the connections, is achieved to the outside, so- how the contacts 8 and 9 reached against each other in the open state, and in particular the shields 6 reached against each other.
- the two ends of the vacuum interrupter 2 are isolated from one another outside of the vacuum interrupter 2.
- a mechanically stable arrangement of the vacuum interrupter 2 in the cap or boiler 5 is made possible, and a mechanically stable arrangement of the shields 6 in the cap or boiler 5 and opposite the vacuum interrupter 2 is made light.
- the plastic foam 4 in particular a plastic foam filled with insulating gas, comprises, for. B. Polyurethane.
- the plastic foam is or includes, in particular, a PU and / or PUR foam in the form of a one-component foam, e.g. B. with isocyanate and / or polyol.
- the plastic foam is or alternatively or additionally comprises, in particular, a PU and / or PUR foam in the form of a two-component foam, e.g. B. with a polyisocyanate and / or polyol with crosslinker and / or hardener.
- an insulating gas-filled plastic foam includes e.g. B. SF 6 and / or Clean Air and / or nitrogen and / or other alternative gases.
- the housing 3 which is in particular sealed airtight to the outside, in particular as a cover and / or boiler
- the drive drives elements of a kinematic chain, such as B. a gear and / or a drive rod, the movable contact piece or the movable chen contact 9, which is guided on the vacuum interrupter 2 in particular special movable via at least one bellows, and through the particular hollow cylindrical shield
- the plastic foam 4 is in the area of the shield 6 of the movable contact 9, only between the cap and / or boiler 5 and shield 6 is arranged.
- the plastic foam can only be placed between the cover and / or boiler let 5 and shield 6 be arranged, or in addition also fill the shield 6 inside or be arranged inside, since the fixed contact piece 8 does not have to be moved.
- a shield 6 can also be dispensed with, the vacuum interrupter 2 being sufficiently fixed in the housing 3 by the plastic foam.
- the latter embodiments of the high-voltage circuit breaker 1 are not shown in the single figure for the sake of simplicity.
- the exemplary embodiments described above can be combined with one another and / or can be combined with the prior art.
- So z. B. the vacuum interrupter 2, the housing 3 with cap and / or boiler 5, and / or the shield 6 each close a circular area, d. H. the cut surface perpendicular to the longitudinal axis is circular.
- the vacuum interrupter 2, the housing 3 with cover and / or boiler 5, and / or the shield 6 can each have a different surface, e.g. B. include an ellipti cal surface.
- the housing 3, and in particular the cap and / or boiler 5, can be made of one part or several Ren parts, and an insulator and / or Lei ter, in particular metals such. B. steel, aluminum, and / or copper, and / or consist of it.
- one or more vacuum interrupters 2 can be arranged, in particular connected in series and / or in parallel.
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Gas-Insulated Switchgears (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020205608.0A DE102020205608A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2020-05-04 | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter und Verfahren zum Isolieren wenigstens einer Vakuumschaltröhre mit Kunststoffschaum |
PCT/EP2021/060367 WO2021224006A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2021-04-21 | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter und verfahren zum isolieren wenigstens einer vakuumschaltröhre mit kunststoffschaum |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4128304A1 true EP4128304A1 (de) | 2023-02-08 |
Family
ID=75904869
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21725034.9A Pending EP4128304A1 (de) | 2020-05-04 | 2021-04-21 | Hochspannungsleistungsschalter und verfahren zum isolieren wenigstens einer vakuumschaltröhre mit kunststoffschaum |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4128304A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102020205608A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021224006A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1191664A (en) | 1966-06-07 | 1970-05-13 | Reyrolle & Company Ltd | Improvements relating to Vacuum Switches |
DE3232708A1 (de) | 1982-08-31 | 1984-03-01 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Vakuumschaltroehre mit schraubenlinienfoermiger strombahn |
DE8403264U1 (de) | 1984-02-04 | 1984-05-10 | Calor-Emag Elektrizitäts-Aktiengesellschaft, 4030 Ratingen | Gekapselter Schalter |
DE9314754U1 (de) * | 1993-09-27 | 1994-03-03 | Siemens AG, 80333 München | Vakuumschaltröhre mit einer gegen Innendruck beständigen Kapselung |
US6198062B1 (en) * | 1999-05-17 | 2001-03-06 | Joslyn Hi-Voltage Corporation | Modular, high-voltage, three phase recloser assembly |
-
2020
- 2020-05-04 DE DE102020205608.0A patent/DE102020205608A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-04-21 EP EP21725034.9A patent/EP4128304A1/de active Pending
- 2021-04-21 WO PCT/EP2021/060367 patent/WO2021224006A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102020205608A1 (de) | 2021-11-04 |
WO2021224006A1 (de) | 2021-11-11 |
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