EP4127483A1 - Ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, système de ventilateur à jet et procédé - Google Patents

Ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, système de ventilateur à jet et procédé

Info

Publication number
EP4127483A1
EP4127483A1 EP21706231.4A EP21706231A EP4127483A1 EP 4127483 A1 EP4127483 A1 EP 4127483A1 EP 21706231 A EP21706231 A EP 21706231A EP 4127483 A1 EP4127483 A1 EP 4127483A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fan
proximal
distal
section
jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21706231.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karsten Witt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
W & S Management & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
W & S Management & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by W & S Management & Co KG GmbH filed Critical W & S Management & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP4127483A1 publication Critical patent/EP4127483A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/54—Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/541—Specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/545—Ducts
    • F04D29/547—Ducts having a special shape in order to influence fluid flow
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F1/00—Ventilation of mines or tunnels; Distribution of ventilating currents
    • E21F1/003—Ventilation of traffic tunnels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/60—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling
    • F04D29/601—Mounting; Assembling; Disassembling specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/602—Mounting in cavities

Definitions

  • Jet fan for ventilation of tunnels Jet fan system and processes
  • the invention relates to a jet fan for ventilating tunnels, in particular road tunnels, a jet fan system and a method for producing a jet fan for ventilating tunnels.
  • Jet fans for ventilating tunnels are known in principle. Such jet fans ventilate and ventilate tunnels, in particular road tunnels, so that high concentrations of exhaust gases in the tunnels can be avoided. Jet fans generate an air flow by means of a fan arranged in a fan shaft, which enters the tunnel at one end of the tunnel and exits again at the other end of the tunnel. The ingress and egress of this air flow can also take place at different locations from the ends of the tunnel, for example by air inflows in the middle of the tunnel. In order to reduce the noise emissions of the jet fan, they usually have silencers.
  • the air flow within a tunnel has a velocity profile, the flow velocity being low in the floor, ceiling and side sections and increasing towards a central section of the tunnel.
  • the highest flow velocity can usually be achieved in the middle of the tunnel.
  • such an arrangement would reduce the headroom in the tunnel and is therefore generally not practical in practice, since either the height would not be sufficient or the height of the tunnel would have to be increased disproportionately.
  • jet fans are usually arranged near the wall and / or ceiling of the tunnel.
  • the fan power is converted less and less into an effective air flow through the entire tunnel, the closer the jet fan is arranged to the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling. This means in particular that the closer a jet fan is arranged to the tunnel wall or the tunnel ceiling, the worse its efficiency.
  • DE19920513A1 teaches a jet fan which has a nozzle arrangement at the fan inlet and at the fan outlet.
  • the jet fan sucks in the air from the center of the tunnel more easily and expels the air flow accelerated by the fan in the direction of the center of the tunnel.
  • This jet fan improves the ventilation of tunnels, but the headroom is negatively influenced by the jet fan.
  • jet fans for ventilating tunnels reduce the clearance height and therefore a higher tunnel height may have to be provided, it is a requirement of jet fans that they have as little negative impact on the clear height as possible. In addition, it is a requirement of jet fans that as few jet fans as possible are used when providing a defined air flow through the tunnel, since the jet fans as such and their installation and maintenance as well as the cables to be laid cause high costs.
  • a jet fan for ventilating tunnels comprising a fan unit for generating an air flow, a silencer arranged on the fan unit with a proximal section and a distal section adjoining the proximal section, characterized that an angle is established between the distal section and the proximal section.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the sound absorbers of a jet fan have a significant influence on the clearance between the jet fan and the roadway. Since the efficiency of a jet fan decreases the closer it is arranged to the tunnel ceiling or the tunnel wall, known jet fans are either arranged at a greater distance from the tunnel ceiling or the tunnel wall or the silencer is arranged at an angle to the fan unit so that the air flow is directed into the center of the tunnel .
  • the inclined arrangement of the silencers reduces the clearance between the jet fan and the roadway.
  • a jet fan with essentially non-inclined sound absorbers can also be used, but then the fan unit must have a large diameter so that the clear height is also reduced.
  • the option of using the Increasing the number of jet fans is usually not a suitable solution from an economic perspective.
  • the jet fan described above enables the jet fan to be arranged directly under a tunnel ceiling and also enables a large clearance between the jet fan and a roadway, in that an angle is set between the distal section and the proximal section, so that in particular the distal section is inclined with respect to the ventilator unit and / or the proximal section.
  • the proximal section can be arranged coaxially to the fan unit.
  • the invention thus makes it possible to provide a jet fan with a larger diameter without reducing the clear height.
  • a thrust generated by a jet fan is determined, among other things, from the fourth power of the diameter. For example, a diameter increase of 12% leads to an increase in thrust of 50%.
  • the number of jet fans for a tunnel can be reduced by 30% to 35%, so that the cost of ventilation can be reduced significantly.
  • the inventor has also found that an increase by two standard sizes is also possible, so that the number of jet fans for a tunnel is reduced by 60%. In Germany, for example, the standard sizes result from a standard. In addition, it must be taken into account that there are official requirements for tunnels regarding the sound level.
  • the length of the silencer is usually set within a narrow design window.
  • the silencers which are known in the prior art and inclined towards the road were limited in terms of their length in order to ensure a sufficient headroom.
  • the invention now makes it possible to provide the silencer in any length, since an extension of the proximal section does not lead to a reduction in the clear height.
  • the jet fan comprises the fan unit for generating an air flow.
  • the fan unit usually has a fan shaft in which a propeller is rotatably mounted.
  • the propeller is usually coupled to an electric drive that rotates the propeller.
  • the fan unit usually has an inlet and an outlet in the direction of flow. Since it can be advantageous that the direction of flow is reversed, the inlet can also act as an outlet and the outlet as an inlet.
  • a silencer is preferably arranged at the inlet and / or at the outlet. At least one silencer is arranged at the inlet or at the outlet.
  • the muffler has at least a proximal section and a distal section.
  • the proximal section preferably faces the ventilator unit, with the distal section facing away from the ventilator unit.
  • the angle is established between the distal section and the proximal section, so that in particular the distal section is oriented at an incline to the proximal section.
  • the angle can be an external angle and / or an internal angle, for example. It is particularly preferred that a The passage axis of the proximal section and a passage axis of the distal section enclose a passage angle and / or are not aligned in parallel.
  • the proximal section of the muffler can, for example, be designed as a cylindrical casing element.
  • the distal section can also be designed as a cylindrical jacket element.
  • the muffler can be made in one piece or in two pieces.
  • the distal section is designed to guide an air flow generated by the fan unit from a radially outer section of the tunnel into a substantially central section of the tunnel.
  • the distal section can be designed so that an air flow generated by the fan unit is guided into the fan unit from an essentially central section of the tunnel. Since the direction of flow through the fan unit can be reversed, the distal section can thus be used on the one hand for blowing out or for sucking in the air. Such a design of the distal section achieves an advantageous air flow inside a tunnel.
  • the proximal section defines a proximal flow direction and the distal section defines a distal flow direction, the proximal flow direction enclosing a flow angle with the distal flow direction.
  • the proximal flow direction can, for example, be oriented essentially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tunnel.
  • the distal flow direction is preferably directed from a tunnel ceiling or a tunnel wall in the direction of a central section of the tunnel. Consequently the flow angle is set between the proximal flow direction and the distal flow direction.
  • the fan unit defines a fan flow direction, the fan flow direction and / or the proximal flow direction including or including the flow angle with the distal flow direction.
  • the flow angle corresponds in particular to the angle.
  • the aforementioned flow directions that is to say the proximal flow direction, the distal flow direction and the fan flow direction, are to be understood as meaning, in particular, a main flow direction.
  • the main flow direction is defined by the fact that it represents the basic flow direction inside the jet fan.
  • flows can occur which are partially directed transversely or also in the opposite direction to the main flow direction.
  • Such local flow directions occurring in the interior of the jet fan are generally not meant by the flow directions mentioned above.
  • a fan flow direction of the fan unit and the proximal flow direction are aligned essentially parallel to one another. In an advantageous manner, a short projection length transversely to the tunnel axis is thus ensured.
  • the flow angle is between 2 ° and 15 °, in particular between 4 ° and 10 °, preferably between 6 ° and is 8 °.
  • the inventors have found that it is precisely with such flow angles that a good flow can be achieved inside a tunnel, taking into account a small number of jet fans.
  • the proximal section define a proximal passage axis and the distal section define a distal passage axis, the proximal passage axis enclosing a passage angle with the distal passage axis.
  • the fan unit defines a fan passage axis and the fan passage axis and the proximal passage axis are aligned essentially parallel to one another, wherein these can also be aligned coaxially in a preferred development.
  • the proximal passage axis and the distal passage axis enclose an angle between 2 ° and 15 °, in particular between 4 ° and 10 °, preferably between 6 ° and 8 °.
  • the proximal section is arranged between the distal section and the fan unit.
  • the proximal section is arranged in the fan flow direction and / or in the proximal flow direction and / or in the distal flow direction between the distal section and the fan unit.
  • Such an arrangement advantageously influences the air flow through the jet fan.
  • the silencer is designed in two parts with a first silencer unit and a second silencer unit, the first silencer unit having the proximal section and the second silencer unit having the distal section.
  • proximal section extends in the proximal flow direction with a proximal extent and the distal section extends in the distal flow direction with a distal extent, the distal extent being smaller than the proximal extent.
  • the ratio of distal extension and proximal extension is less than 1.
  • the ratio of distal extension and proximal extension is between 0.05 and 0.4, in particular between 0.1 and 0.3.
  • the inventors have found that, in particular with such a ratio, a further improvement in the flow conditions inside a tunnel can be achieved.
  • the jet fan can be developed in such a way that the fan unit and / or the silencer has or have a flow diameter and the ratio of distal extension and flow diameter between 0.2 and 0.75, in particular between 0.45 and 0.55 , and / or the ratio of the proximal extent and the flow diameter is between 1 and 4, in particular between 2 and 3.
  • the flow diameter is in particular a dimension of the cross section, the surface orthogonal of which is aligned parallel to the flow direction and / or to the passage axis.
  • the flow diameter of the fan unit is generally to be understood as neglecting elements and / or systems built into the fan unit.
  • the jet fan comprises a second silencer, which preferably has the same features as the silencer, the silencer at a first end and the second silencer at a second end arranged opposite the first end in the fan flow direction the fan unit is arranged.
  • the noise immission of the jet fan is further reduced by the silencer and the second silencer.
  • a mirror-symmetrical steel fan is thus made possible, so that a reversal of the flow direction is made possible in an advantageous manner.
  • the jet fan comprises a fastening unit which is arranged and designed to fasten the jet fan to a tunnel ceiling and / or a tunnel wall in such a way that a cantilever width is less than 1.3 times, in particular less than 1.1 times the flow diameter.
  • a cantilever width is less than 1.3 times, in particular less than 1.1 times the flow diameter.
  • the distal flow direction on an outlet side of the jet fan is directed into an essentially central section of the tunnel.
  • the jet fan has a nozzle element which comprises a jacket segment that extends from an inlet to an outlet with a ring segment-shaped Extending cross section and defining a nozzle flow direction, wherein the jacket segment has a peripheral opening portion adjoining the outlet, and furthermore comprises connection means which are designed for coupling the nozzle element to the muffler and / or the second muffler.
  • a jet fan system for ventilating tunnels comprising at least one jet fan according to one of the embodiment variants described above, the at least one jet fan having a supply cable that couples the jet fan to a power supply .
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that approx. 1/3 of the total costs of a jet fan system relate to the electrical equipment, such as switch cabinets, cables, etc. Because of this, the reduction in the total number of jet fans for a jet fan system is advantageous, since the total cable length to be laid is reduced. Since a further third of the total costs are accounted for by installation and assembly, this reduces another cost point.
  • a method for producing a jet fan for ventilating tunnels comprising the steps of: providing a fan unit for generating an air flow, providing a silencer with a proximal section and one on the proximal section Section adjoining distal section, wherein the distal section and the proximal section enclose an angle with one another and attach the muffler to of the ventilator unit, the proximal section facing the ventilator unit and the distal section facing away from the ventilator unit.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic, two-dimensional sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of a jet fan
  • the jet fan 100 extends from an inlet 102 to an outlet 104. In this exemplary illustration, the air flows into the jet fan 100 at the inlet 102 and flows out again at the outlet 104. The direction of flow of the jet fan 100 can, however, also be reversed so that the air enters the jet fan 100 at the outlet 104 and exits the jet fan 100 at the inlet 102.
  • the jet fan 100 has a fan unit 106, a first silencer 110 and a second silencer 130.
  • the fan unit 106 defines a fan flow direction 108. When the jet fan 100 is operated as intended, the fan flow direction 108 is oriented essentially parallel to a longitudinal axis of the tunnel.
  • the first silencer 110 has a proximal section 112 with a proximal flow direction 114 and a distal section 116 with a distal flow direction 118.
  • An angle 122 is established between the distal section 116 and the proximal section 112. Due to this angle 122, an angle is also established between the proximal flow direction 114 and the distal flow direction 118, namely the flow angle 120.
  • the sum of the flow angle 120 and that on the outer skin is between the distal section 116 and the proximal section 112 resulting angle 122 together 180 degrees of arc.
  • the second silencer 130 is arranged on a side of the jet fan 100 facing away from the first silencer 110 in the fan flow direction 108.
  • the second silencer 130 analogously to the first silencer 110, has a proximal section 132 and a distal section 134, between which an angle 136 is established.
  • the jet fan 100 can be fastened to a tunnel wall or a tunnel ceiling with a fastening unit 138.
  • the construction of the silencer with distal sections 116, 134 and proximal sections 112, 132 enables the fan unit 106 and the proximal sections 112, 132 to be arranged close to the wall or ceiling.
  • the angled distal sections 116, 134 generate a large thrust on the air flow by the jet fan 100.
  • the jet fan 100 can be implemented with a smaller flow diameter or the total number of jet fans in a tunnel can be reduced.
  • FIG. 2 a jet fan 200 known in the prior art is shown on the left-hand side.
  • This jet fan 200 is arranged on a tunnel ceiling 202 above a roadway 204.
  • the spacing between the tunnel ceiling 202 and the carriageway 204 as well as the overhanging length 208 results in a clear height 206.
  • the clear height 206 defines the passage height of the tunnel with a safety margin.
  • the conventional jet fan 200 must have a greater distance from the tunnel ceiling 202 so that its efficiency is not too low.
  • the clear height 206 is significantly reduced.
  • the clear height is only 2.5 to 3.5 times the flow diameter.
  • the jet fan 210 can have a smaller spacing from the tunnel ceiling 212.
  • the overhang length 218 is smaller due to the smaller spacing from the tunnel ceiling 212 compared to the arrangement of the jet fan 210, namely approximately 0.4 times the flow diameter.
  • FIG. 3 also shows the comparison between two jet fans, namely the conventional jet fan 200 and the jet fan 210 according to the invention. Due to the smaller spacing from the tunnel ceiling 212, a larger diameter can be selected for the jet fan 210 so that the same projection length 208, 218 is achieved. Due to the larger flow diameter of the jet fan 210, however, a greater thrust can be achieved, so that a smaller number of jet fans 210 have to be arranged in the tunnel. This significantly reduces the assembly and installation work as well as the total cable length to be laid. As a result, the cost of ventilating the tunnel is reduced.
  • a fan unit 106 is provided for generating an air flow.
  • a muffler 110, 130 is provided with a proximal section 112, 132 and a distal section 116, 134 adjoining the proximal section 112, 132, the distal section 116, 134 and the proximal section 112, 132 at an angle 122 , 136 include each other.
  • the silencer 110, 130 is attached to the fan unit 106, the proximal section 112, 132 facing the fan unit 106 and the distal section 116, 134 facing away from the fan unit 106.
  • Proximal section 112 132 can have fastening means for fastening to the fan unit 106, for example.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Ventilation (AREA)
  • Percussion Or Vibration Massage (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, en particulier de tunnels routiers, un système de ventilateur à jet et un procédé de fabrication d'un ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels. En particulier, l'invention concerne un ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, en particulier de tunnels routiers, comprenant une unité ventilateur (106) pour générer un flux d'air, un amortisseur de bruit (110, 130) disposé sur l'unité ventilateur (106), avec une partie proximale (112) et une partie distale (116) adjacente à la partie proximale (112), caractérisé en ce que la partie distale et la partie proximale forment un angle (120, 122) l'une par rapport à l'autre.
EP21706231.4A 2020-03-23 2021-02-16 Ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, système de ventilateur à jet et procédé Pending EP4127483A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020107955.9A DE102020107955A1 (de) 2020-03-23 2020-03-23 Strahlventilator zur Belüftung von Tunneln, Strahlventilatorsystem und Verfahren
PCT/EP2021/053720 WO2021190820A1 (fr) 2020-03-23 2021-02-16 Ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, système de ventilateur à jet et procédé

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4127483A1 true EP4127483A1 (fr) 2023-02-08

Family

ID=74666713

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21706231.4A Pending EP4127483A1 (fr) 2020-03-23 2021-02-16 Ventilateur à jet pour la ventilation de tunnels, système de ventilateur à jet et procédé

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4127483A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2021240823A1 (fr)
BR (1) BR112022018712A2 (fr)
CA (1) CA3176728A1 (fr)
CO (1) CO2022014117A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020107955A1 (fr)
IL (1) IL296471A (fr)
WO (1) WO2021190820A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117489395B (zh) * 2023-12-29 2024-04-05 中铁六局集团太原铁路建设有限公司 一种用于拱形隧道的通风装置及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2509279A1 (de) 1975-03-04 1976-09-16 Voith Getriebe Kg Belueftungseinrichtung fuer den innenraum einer kuenstlichen strassenueberdeckung
DE19920513A1 (de) 1999-05-05 2000-11-09 Witt & Sohn Gmbh & Co Strahlventilator
US6112850A (en) 1999-09-07 2000-09-05 Met Pro Corporation Acoustic silencer nozzle
GB0819608D0 (en) 2008-10-24 2008-12-03 Mosen Ltd Improved tunnel ventilation device
DE202011004539U1 (de) 2011-03-29 2011-06-09 CTS Cooling Tower Solutions GmbH, 40627 Kühlturm
CN103104553A (zh) * 2011-11-10 2013-05-15 黄生 一种可变向进出气型射流风机
US8863896B1 (en) * 2013-04-05 2014-10-21 Kai Kang Vectorized jet fan
DE102015011131A1 (de) 2015-08-31 2017-03-02 Esg Mbh Nasskühltürme mit Zugunterstützung durch Ventilatoren Verringerung der Emission von Tropfen und von Mikroorganismen
KR20200003792A (ko) * 2017-05-04 2020-01-10 모젠 엘티디 최적화된 터널 환기 장치
DE202019101290U1 (de) 2019-03-07 2020-06-09 KFB Acoustics Sp. z o.o. Schalldämpfer

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA3176728A1 (fr) 2021-09-30
WO2021190820A1 (fr) 2021-09-30
AU2021240823A1 (en) 2022-10-13
IL296471A (en) 2022-11-01
BR112022018712A2 (pt) 2022-11-01
DE102020107955A1 (de) 2021-09-23
CO2022014117A2 (es) 2022-10-31

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