Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
  • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
  • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B75/00—Building or assembling floating offshore structures, e.g. semi-submersible platforms, SPAR platforms or wind turbine platforms
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
  • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
  • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
  • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
  • B63B2035/4433—Floating structures carrying electric power plants
  • B63B2035/446—Floating structures carrying electric power plants for converting wind energy into electric energy
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
  • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

• the application relates to a buoyant foundation structure for an offshore structure, comprising at least one floating body arrangement and at least one mass arrangement, the mass arrangement with the floating body arrangement by at least one tether in one
• Coupling state can be coupled.
• the application relates to an offshore structure and a method for producing a floating foundation structure. To provide electrical energy from so-called renewable sources
• a wind power plant is set up in particular to convert the kinetic wind energy into electrical energy.
• wind farms are arranged or installed at locations with a high wind probability. Offshore locations in particular are usually characterized by relatively continuous wind conditions and high average wind speeds, so that an increasing number of so-called offshore wind farms are being built.
• an offshore wind park has a large number of offshore wind energy devices, such as a large number of offshore wind turbines, measuring masts and / or at least one offshore transformer station, via which the offshore wind park electrically, for example, with an onshore transformer station or another Offshore transformer station or offshore converter station is connected.
• An onshore transformer station in turn, can be connected to a public power grid.
• energy cables are laid in the form of submarine cables.
• an offshore wind energy device in particular a tower of an offshore wind energy device
• a foundation structure e.g. monopile, tripod, tripile or jacket foundations
• floating offshore wind energy devices for example floating offshore wind turbines, in order, for example, in areas with a great water depth, for example of more than 50 m, in particular more than 80 m, offshore wind farms in easier and cheaper way to install.
• Such floating offshore structures such as a floating offshore wind turbine, usually have at least one floating body arrangement and at least one mass arrangement.
• a grounding arrangement in a coupling state can, in particular, be a plurality of holding ropes with the -
• the mass arrangement can be suspended from the floating body arrangement by at least one tether.
• the mass arrangement fastened to the floating body arrangement with at least one tether can be suspended above the seabed or optionally be in contact with the seabed and / or anchored in the seabed.
• the disadvantage here is that the production of such a cable fastening is complex (in particular, a high amount of welding is required) and associated with corresponding costs. Furthermore, the production of the cable ends, e.g. by swaging and swaging, is complex and cost-intensive. In addition, an inspection of the rope fastenings on the ground arrangement is very complex, since it is regularly positioned in a water depth of far more than 50 m.
• the application is therefore based on the object of providing a floating foundation structure for an offshore structure which can be manufactured and maintained and / or inspected with less effort and in particular low costs.
• the object is achieved by a floating foundation structure for an offshore structure according to claim 1.
• the floating foundation structure comprises at least one floating body arrangement.
• the buoyant foundation structure comprises at least one mass arrangement.
• the mass arrangement can be coupled (in particular coupled) to the floating body arrangement by at least one tether in a coupling state.
• a coupling section of the tether is guided in an arc-shaped manner around a contact section of the ground arrangement.
• a buoyant foundation structure is provided which is less expensive and in particular can be manufactured and maintained at lower costs.
• the number of fastening points as a whole and / or on the ground arrangement can be reduced.
• the attachment of eyelets or the like to the ground arrangement can be dispensed with entirely. The necessary welding work can be reduced.
• the floating foundation structure serves in particular to support an offshore structure (stationary when the offshore structure is installed).
• offshore structure stationary when the offshore structure is installed.
• Exemplary and non-final offshore structures are in particular wind farm structures, such as offshore wind turbines, offshore measuring stations, offshore transformer stations, but also other offshore structures, such as drilling platforms or the like.
• the buoyant (or floating) foundation structure according to the application has at least one floating body arrangement.
• the floating body arrangement can be formed from one or more floating bodies coupled to one another.
• a float or buoyancy body is to be understood in particular as an object which, due to its buoyancy, is independently buoyant by displacement according to the Archimedean principle.
• a buoyancy body can, for example, be at least partially hollow in its interior and / or filled with a light solid.
• a floating body arrangement can have further elements, such as at least one connecting element (e.g. a strut) that connects two floating bodies to one another or is used to connect to a part of the offshore structure, or the like.
• at least one connecting element e.g. a strut
• the floating foundation structure comprises at least one mass arrangement.
• a mass arrangement is in particular a weight arrangement or ballast arrangement.
• a ground arrangement can consist of a or several interconnected mass bodies or weight bodies (also called ballast bodies).
• a mass arrangement can have further elements, such as at least one connecting element (e.g. a strut), which e.g. connects two mass bodies to one another.
• the mass arrangement can at least temporarily be able to swim independently.
• the mass arrangement can be temporarily (e.g. for transport) at least partially filled with a gas.
• the gas can be let out (and let in) through at least one valve, especially at the installation site. This considerably simplifies the transport of a mass arrangement as well as the installation.
• the floating foundation structure comprises at least one tether.
• two or more holding ropes can be provided.
• a tether is set up for the (permanent) coupling of the mass arrangement to the floating body arrangement.
• the mass arrangement is coupled to the floating body arrangement by the at least one tether, then the foundation structure is in a coupled state.
• the mass arrangement and the floating body arrangement are positioned relative to one another in a defined manner, in particular are at a certain distance from one another.
• a defined position is also present when the mass arrangement and floating body arrangement move relative to one another (for example when the mass arrangement is suspended from the floating body arrangement).
• the tether in the coupling state is at least starting from the floating body arrangement to the grounding arrangement, inhibits a contact section of the grounding arrangement and is guided back to the floating body arrangement.
• a first end of the tether (directly) and a second end of the tether (directly) can be attached . be attached to the floating body assembly.
• the tether can be from the first Fastening point to the mass arrangement (in a first vertical direction) and guided back from this again (in an opposite vertical direction), in particular to the second fastening point.
• a coupling section of the tether is guided in an arc shape (for example, essentially in a V or U shape) around a contact section of the ground arrangement.
• the contact section of the ground arrangement is at least partially wrapped around.
• a coupling between the mass arrangement and the floating body arrangement is achieved in that a tether is only looped around part of the mass arrangement (i.e. the contact section) without a (direct) connection of one end of the tether to the earth arrangement being provided.
• the coupling section of the tether is in particular an intermediate section (at least located between the end regions of the tether) of the tether, which in the coupled state makes contact with the contact section of the ground arrangement.
• the contact section of the ground arrangement can be formed by one or more elements (e.g. Mass body and / or connecting element) of the mass arrangement can be formed, which at least partially contact the coupling section of the tether in the coupling state.
• the at least one tether can in principle be formed from any material.
• the holding rope or holding cable can preferably be made of metal (eg steel), polyethylene (preferably HDPE (high-density polyethylene) or a synthetic fiber material. Such materials are particularly suitable for use in water (especially salt water) and have high tensile strength .
• the mass arrangement can preferably be a mass stabilizer arrangement (in particular in the form of a so-called keel) suspended from the floating body arrangement.
• the mass stabilizer arrangement can be set up to stabilize the foundation structure (or the offshore structure) in an installed state of the foundation structure (or the offshore structure).
• the mass stabilizer arrangement can be suspended in the form of a pendulum by the at least one tether.
• the floating body arrangement can be formed from a plurality of connecting elements in the form of tubes (in particular steel pipes) and / or struts (in particular steel struts) to which several (e.g. (at least) three, preferably seven) floating bodies can be attached.
• tubes in particular steel pipes
• struts in particular steel struts
• the floating bodies can be attached.
• three floats in a horizontal plane can form a triangular shape in one installation state (each leg of the triangle can be formed by a float).
• Further floating bodies can be arranged in the interior of the triangle.
• the mass stabilizer assembly can be coupled to the mass stabilizer assembly.
• the mass stabilizer assembly can include a plurality of tubular mass bodies which preferably form a triangular shape in a horizontal plane in an installed state. Since the mass stabilizer arrangement is suspended from the floating body arrangement in a coupling state, the mass stabilizer arrangement acts as a pendulum which sufficiently (permanently) stabilizes the foundation structure in the installed state.
• the mass arrangement can in principle be formed from any material.
• the mass arrangement (in particular the at least one mass body) can preferably be made of steel, cast iron, cast steel, concrete, a cementitious material or a combination thereof. Such materials are particularly suitable for use in water as a weight module.
• the coupling section of the tether in the coupling state, can be curved around the contact section of the
• Ground arrangement be guided in such a way that the coupling section of the tether forms a loop holder in which the contact section of the ground arrangement is held.
• the loop holder can in particular be formed by at least half a turn. It goes without saying that the tether can also be guided or run completely around the contact section of the ground arrangement at least once (that is to say for example at least approximately 1.5 turns).
• a secure coupling can be established in a simple manner.
• the coupling section of the tether can be formed by at least two leg sections and at least one arch section in the coupled state, wherein the two leg sections can be connected to one another by the arch section.
• the angle between the leg sub-sections can be at least less than 135 °, preferably at least less than 90 °, particularly preferably at least less than 15 °.
• a secure coupling can be established at least at an angle smaller than 135 °.
• an almost U-shaped loop holder can be formed in which the mass arrangement can be securely held (due to the acting weight).
• a particularly preferred coupling is achieved when the angle is at least less than 15 ° (i.e. between 0 ° and 15 °].
• the mechanical stress and thus the load on a tether depends, among other things, on the bending radius of the (bent) coupling section in the coupling state of the contact section (to be looped around) of the ground arrangement is at least twice larger than the diameter of the tether, preferably at least five times larger, particularly preferably at least ten times larger (and at most a thousand times larger). Bending radii larger than fifteen times, in particular twenty times, are particularly advantageous Also, in one embodiment, the tether can be wound several times around the ground arrangement or a contact section of the ground arrangement be fixed (immediately).
• the (two) ends of the tether can each be fastened to a fastening point on the floating body arrangement, wherein in a coupling state one fastening point is higher in the vertical direction than the contact section of the earth arrangement or two different attachment point (s) are attached directly to the float assembly, both attachment points of a tether are closer to the water surface than is the case with the prior art (when an attachment point of one end of a tether is attached to the mass body) / or maintenance of attachment points can can be significantly simplified. Since the tensile forces are divided between the two sections of the tether, smaller tether diameters can also be selected, which in turn has a positive effect on the costs of the tether and the rope end devices.
• the ground arrangement can be suspended from the floating body arrangement by the at least one tether in a (permanent, i.e. essentially constant) coupling position (also called installation position) in the coupling state.
• a suspended mass arrangement can in particular be set up to stabilize the position of the offshore structure during operation.
• the distance between the coupling position and the bottom of the water can preferably be at least 15 m, particularly preferably at least 50 m. The upper limit of the distance depends in particular on the water depth at the installation location of the foundation structure and is basically limited by this.
• the mass arrangement e.g. in the form of an anchor or a similar device
• the mass arrangement can be in contact with the water bed in the coupling state.
• At least one movement reduction element can be arranged on the coupling section of the tether and / or the contact section of the mass arrangement, set up at least for
• a movement reduction element Reducing a relative movement between the coupling section of the tether and the contact section of the mass arrangement in the coupling state. Since the relative movement in the contact area between the tether and the mass arrangement is at least reduced by an arrangement of one or more movement reduction element (s), wear based on friction can be reduced. The life of the structure can be increased.
• An additional advantage of a movement reduction element is that the connection between the tether and the ground arrangement can be maintained in an even more secure manner when the foundation structure is installed. In particular, a slipping of the retaining rope from the mass arrangement can be prevented in an even more secure manner (even in the case of strong water currents).
• the at least one movement reduction element can be arranged on the coupling section of the tether and / or the contact section of the ground arrangement, such as on a contact surface of the coupling section of the tether and / or on a contact surface of the contact section of the ground arrangement.
• a contact surface of an element e.g. Tether
• the at least one movement reduction element can preferably be selected from the group comprising:
• Friction element set up to increase the friction in a contact area between the coupling section of the tether and the contact section of the ground arrangement, i.e. in particular set up to increase the friction in this contact area
• Adhesives, and potting agents or grouting agents.
• one or more clamp elements can be attached to the coupling section of the tether and / or the contact section of the mass arrangement in order to at least restrict the relative movement.
• a potting agent can also be applied in a coupling state. It is also conceivable that at least one contact surface is provided with a friction element which increases the coefficient of friction between the tether and the mass arrangement (e.g. at least greater than 0.5). It is also conceivable to apply an adhesive to at least one contact surface between the tether and the ground arrangement. It goes without saying that different movement reduction elements can be combined with one another.
• At least one friction reduction element can be arranged (at least in the coupling state) on the coupling section of the tether and / or the contact section of the ground arrangement, set up at least to reduce the coefficient of friction in a contact area between the coupling section of the tether and the contact section of the ground arrangement at least less than 0.15, in particular less than 0.05.
• the at least one friction reduction element can preferably be at least one greasy and / or oiled contact surface of the coupling section of the tether and / or of the contact section of the mass arrangement.
• the at least one friction reduction element can be a flexible surface layer of the coupling section of the tether and / or of the contact section of the ground arrangement, wherein the flexible surface layer can be made in particular from an elastomer material.
• Exemplary but non-exhaustive elastomer materials include neoprene rubber, thermoplastic elastomer materials or polymer materials, which in particular allow expansion of the rope or the surface of the contact section by shear deformation of the material, while in particular there is almost no relative movement between the coupling section of the tether and the contact section of the mass arrangement.
• neoprene rubber thermoplastic elastomer materials or polymer materials, which in particular allow expansion of the rope or the surface of the contact section by shear deformation of the material, while in particular there is almost no relative movement between the coupling section of the tether and the contact section of the mass arrangement.
• both the contact surface of the coupling section of the retaining rope and the Contact surface of the contact portion of the ground arrangement have a resilient layer.
• a friction-reducing element e.g. flexible layer
• a movement-reducing element e.g. clamp element
• the contact section of the ground arrangement can have a recess, wherein the inner shape of the recess can correspond in particular to the outer shape of the coupling section of the tether.
• the recess can be formed in the form of a groove which corresponds to the outer shape of the coupling section of the tether.
• the diameter of the groove can be equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the coupling section of the tether. The risk of slipping sideways can be further reduced.
• the contact section of the ground arrangement can be formed by a pivot pin (or the like) attached to the ground arrangement.
• a pivot pin is set up to make the alignment of the tether independent of the geometry and alignment of the mass arrangement.
• a turning pin has a deflection and alignment function and in particular represents a particularly preferred embodiment which can also be designed as a movement-reducing element.
• a (for example cylindrical) turning pin can protrude, for example, from an outer wall of the mass arrangement and have an (at least partially) circumferential collar at its end.
• the contact section of the tether can extend in an arc shape between the outer wall of the mass arrangement and the circumferential collar.
• a ground arrangement can have a plurality of pivot pins.
• Reversible pin can in particular be attached to an outside of the grounding arrangement, preferably in a previously described corner area of the grounding arrangement.
• the contact section (e.g. in the form of a pivot pin or a similar element) is preferably connected to the ground arrangement in a force-locking manner (e.g. welded, screwed, glued, potted).
• a force-locking manner e.g. welded, screwed, glued, potted.
• This embodiment enables the tether to be coupled to the ground arrangement in a particularly secure manner.
• a tether or cable In an installation state, and in particular in an operational state of the foundation structure, high forces act on a tether or cable, which can be increased, among other things, by a (temporary) current at the installation site, in particular also by waves.
• a spring-loaded suspension mechanism for attaching the tether to the float assembly.
• the spring-loaded suspension mechanism can in particular be configured in such a way that the dynamic peak forces in the tether are reduced by at least 5%, preferably at least 15%, compared to an unsprung fastening of the tether.
• At least one mechanical vibration absorber can be arranged on the tether, in particular a Stockbridge vibration absorber.
• a mechanical vibration absorber can in particular reduce vibrations that are caused, for example, by a water flow and / or components of the offshore structure.
• at least one lifting device e.g. a cable winch, a strand jack, a ratchet mechanism, etc.
• the lifting device is set up in particular to move the mass arrangement in the vertical direction, for example between a transport position and an installation position (or coupling position).
• the tether can be temporarily coupled to the lifting device.
• the floating body arrangement in a pre-assembly step, is coupled to the ground arrangement by at least one tether, in particular by guiding a coupling section of the tether around a contact section of the ground arrangement (as already described). This can be done in a port, for example.
• the mass arrangement can be positioned in a transport position after the pre-assembly step or during the pre-assembly step. In this transport state, the foundation structure can be brought to a specific installation location, in particular it can be towed.
• the lifting device can move the mass arrangement into an installation position.
• the installation position is in particular a lower position than the transport position when viewed in the vertical direction.
• the at least one lifting device can be dismantled, for example, after reaching the installation position.
• a foundation structure according to the application can be transported in a simple manner.
• a lifting device can also be used for inspection work and / or maintenance work.
• two adjacent rope sections [and in particular at least in sections essentially parallel to one another running rope sections (eg two leg sections)) can be coupled to one another via at least one rope bridge.
• the rope bridge can in particular ensure a defined position of the adjacent rope sections and preferably reduce vibrations occurring on the coupled ropes even further.
• an offshore structure comprising at least one floating foundation structure described above.
• an offshore wind park according to the registration can have a plurality of these offshore structures, for example in the form of offshore wind power plants.
• Yet another aspect of the application is a method for producing a floating foundation structure, in particular a floating foundation structure described above.
• the procedure includes:
• Coupling the floating body arrangement to the ground arrangement by at least one tether in that a coupling section of the tether is guided in an arc-shaped manner around a contact section of the ground arrangement.
• foundation structures, offshore structures and methods can be freely combined with one another; in particular, features of the description and / or the dependent claims can be independently inventive, even with complete or partial circumvention of features of the independent claims, on their own or freely combined with one another.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• FIG. 2a shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• FIG. 2b shows a schematic partial view of the further exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
• FIG. 2c shows a schematic partial view of the further exemplary embodiment according to FIG.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• 5 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• 6 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application
• FIG. 8 shows a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the present application.
• FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of a further (particularly preferred) exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure according to the present application.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of a floating foundation structure 100 according to the present application for an offshore structure 102.
• An offshore wind power plant 102 is shown as an example as an offshore structure 102. It goes without saying that other offshore structures can be provided in other variants of the application.
• the floatable foundation structure 100 shown comprises a floating body arrangement 104 and a mass arrangement 106.
• the floating body arrangement 104 comprises at least one floating body or buoyant body, which for example can be at least partially hollow in its interior and / or filled with a light solid.
• the mass arrangement 106 comprises at least one mass body which can be made from steel, cast iron, cast steel, concrete, a cementitious material, or a combination thereof.
• the weight g acts on the mass body.
• Ground arrangement 106 and float arrangement 104 can in principle have any external shape.
• Tubular or cylindrical mass and / or floating bodies can preferably be provided.
• the foundation structure 100 is shown in a coupling state in which the mass arrangement 106 is coupled to the floating body arrangement 104 using at least one tether 108.
• the at least one tether 108 or tether 108 can be made of metal (e.g. steel), polyethylene (preferably HDPE (high-density polyethylene)) or a synthetic fiber material.
• a coupling section 112 of the tether 108 is guided in an arc (V-shaped) shape around a contact section 110 of the ground arrangement 106.
• a secure connection and thus a secure coupling of the floating body arrangement 104 and the ground arrangement 106 is established.
• the holding cable 108 is tensioned due to the weight force acting on the arched coupling section 112 in such a way that the structure assumes a stable and permanent state (without one end of the holding cable having to be directly connected to the grounding arrangement).
• the tether 108 wraps around the contact section 110 of the grounding arrangement 106 with an essentially half winding. In other variants of the application, the tether can also loop around the contact section 110 with more than half a winding or be guided around it.
• a first end 118 of the tether 108 can be fastened to a first fastening point 122 (for example a welded-on eyelet) on the floating body arrangement 104.
• the first end 118 is part of a first end section 114 to which the coupling section 112 connects.
• this is followed by a second end section 116 with the other end 120 of the tether 108, which is fastened to a second fastening point 124 (for example a welded-on eyelet) on the floating body arrangement 104.
• the reference numeral 126 denotes the water surface and the reference numeral 128 the water floor surface (in particular a sea floor surface).
• the mass arrangement 106 is suspended from the floating body arrangement 104 by the at least one tether 108 in a (permanent and in particular constant) coupling position 111, the distance 113 between the coupling position 111 and the bottom 128 preferably being at least 15 m is, particularly preferably at least 50 m.
• the mass arrangement 106 can in particular assume the function of a pendulum in order to stabilize the position of the floating body arrangement 104 or of the offshore structure 102.
• the ground arrangement in the coupling state, can also be in contact with the bottom of the water, for example it can rest on it or be at least partially buried.
• FIG. 2a shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floating foundation structure 200 (shown without an offshore structure for a better overview) according to the present application.
• the foundation structure 200 shown is based in particular on the Tetraspar concept.
• the floating body arrangement 204 has a plurality of (tubular) floating bodies 230 which can be connected to one another.
• Three floats 230 can, for example, form a triangular shape in a horizontal plane in an installed state (each leg of the triangle can be formed by a float 230).
• a vertically running floating body 234 can be arranged in the center of the triangle, a further floating body 230 being able to run from each corner of the spanned triangle to the vertically arranged floating body 230.
• struts 232 can be provided for stabilization.
• a mass arrangement 206 is coupled, in particular suspended, to this floating body arrangement 204.
• the mass arrangement 206 formed by the mass stabilizer arrangement 206 may comprise a plurality of tubular mass bodies 236, which preferably form a triangular shape in a horizontal plane in an installed state (each leg of the triangle may be formed by a mass body 236).
• the mass stabilizer arrangement 206 can act as a pendulum, which sufficiently (permanently) stabilizes the foundation structure 200 in the installed state.
• a plurality of holding ropes 208.1, 208.2, 208.3 are used to couple the mass arrangement 206 and the floating body arrangement 204.
• a coupling section 212 of the tether 208 is guided in an arc-shaped manner around a contact section 210 of the ground arrangement 206.
• a corner region of the triangle formed by the mass bodies 236 is wrapped around as the contact section 210 of the ground arrangement 206.
• FIGS. 2b and 2c Enlarged sections of such a corner area are shown by way of example in FIGS. 2b and 2c.
• a connecting element 240 which in particular is passed through respective openings in the mass bodies 236.
• the respective outer ends of the connecting element 240 protrude from the openings.
• the connecting element 240 can be welded to the mass bodies 236 [or another connection].
• the coupling section 212 of the tether 208 is guided in an arc around the contact section 210 of the ground arrangement 206, in such a way that the coupling section 212 of the tether 208 forms a loop holder in which the contact section 210 of the ground arrangement 206 [safe, in particular due to the acting weight) is held.
• the tether 208 can be guided around the connecting element 240 and interact with it in such a way that the ends of the connecting element 240 protruding from the openings further reduce the risk of the tether slipping [cf. in particular Fig. 2c).
• the coupling section 212 of the tether 208 is formed by two leg sub-sections 244, 246 and a bow sub-section 248, the leg sub-sections 244, 246 being connected to one another by the bow sub-section 248.
• the angle 242 between the leg sub-sections 244, 246 is at least less than 135 °, preferably at least less than 90 °, particularly preferably at least less than 15 °.
• FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure 300 according to the present application.
• the mass arrangement 306 corresponds to the mass arrangement from FIG. 2.
• a contact section 312 is formed by an end region of a mass body 336 [and not the entire corner region).
• each end region of a tubular mass body 336 is wrapped around by a respective tether 308.
• the tether 308 can be reversed in this way the connecting element 340 be guided and with this interaction that the risk of the tether 308 slipping off is further reduced by the ends of the connecting element 340 protruding from the openings.
• the angle 342 can be essentially 0 °, so that the respective leg sub-sections 244, 246 run essentially parallel to one another.
• FIG. 4 shows a schematic (cross-sectional) partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure 400 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described below and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements.
• the contact section 410 of the ground arrangement 406 has a recess 456 in the form of a groove 456.
• the inner shape of the groove corresponds to the outer shape of the coupling section 412.
• the diameter 458 of the groove 456 can essentially correspond to the outer diameter 460 of the coupling section 412.
• the groove can have a depth that essentially corresponds to the radius of the tether 408.
• the coupling section 412 of the tether 408 can be arranged in the groove 456. As a result, the tether 408 can be prevented even better from slipping off.
• FIG. 5 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure 500 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described below and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements.
• at least one friction reduction element 560 is arranged on the contact section 510 of the ground arrangement 506.
• the friction reduction element 560 is in particular a resilient (for example glued on) layer 560 made of an elastomer material such as neoprene rubber.
• the layer 560 is designed at least to reduce the coefficient of friction in the contact area between the contact section 510 of the mass arrangement 506 and the coupling section 512 of the tether 508 to at least less than 0.15, in particular less than 0.05
• a friction reduction element can be arranged on the outer surface of the retaining cable or form it.
• FIG. 6 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure 600 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described below and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements.
• At least one movement reduction element 668 is arranged on the contact section 610 of the mass arrangement 606, set up at least to reduce a relative movement between the coupling section 612 of the tether 608 and the contact section 610 of the mass arrangement 606.
• an adhesive 668 in the form of an adhesive layer 668 is applied to the (potential) contact layer of the contact section 610 as the movement reduction element 668.
• an adhesive layer can alternatively or additionally be applied to the coupling section of the tether.
• a two-component adhesive agent can preferably be used as the movement-reducing element, one component being applied to the coupling section and one component being applied to the contact section can. An adhesive effect can only be created when the two components come into contact.
• At least one clip element can alternatively or additionally be provided, which is supported by a.
• Clamping effect can fix the coupling portion on the contact portion.
• FIG. 7 shows a schematic partial view of a further exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure 700 according to the present application. To avoid repetition, essentially only the differences from the previous exemplary embodiments are described below and otherwise reference is made to the previous statements.
• a spring loaded suspension mechanism 772 for attaching the tether 708 to the float assembly 706 may be disposed at at least one end 718, 720 of the tether 708 [preferably, as shown, at both ends 718, 720 of the tether 708).
• the spring-loaded suspension mechanism 772 is configured such that the dynamic peak forces in the tether 708 are reduced by at least 5%, preferably at least 15%, compared to an unsprung fastening of the tether 708.
• at least one mechanical vibration absorber 774 preferably a vibration absorber 774 can be arranged at each end section 714, 716 of the tether). In the present case, Stockbridge vibration absorbers 774 are attached to the tether 708.
• a cable bridge 776 can be arranged between the adjacent cable sections 714, 716.
• the end sections 714, 716 of the tether 708, which run essentially parallel to one another, can be coupled by at least one (almost rigid) rope bridge 776.
• At least temporarily (indicated by the dashed design) at least one lifting device 778 (e.g. a cable winch 778) can be arranged at at least one end 718, 720 (preferably at both ends 718, 720) of the tether 708.
• a cable winch can be coupled to the tether 708 at least temporarily.
• the lifting device 778 is set up in particular to move the mass arrangement (not shown here for the sake of a better overview) in the vertical direction, e.g. between a transport position and an installation position (or coupling position).
• FIG. 8 shows a diagram of an exemplary embodiment of a method according to the present application.
• a method for producing a previously described buoyant foundation structure according to one of the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 to 7 or a combination thereof is shown.
• a first step 801 at least one (previously described) floating body arrangement is provided.
• a step 802 (which can take place, for example, in parallel with step 801), at least one (previously described) ground arrangement is provided.
• the floating body arrangement is coupled to the ground arrangement by at least one tether, in that a coupling section of the tether is guided in an arc-shaped manner around a contact section of the earth arrangement.
• at least one retaining cable is looped around part of the mass arrangement, so that the weight force acting on the mass arrangement produces a (secure and, in particular, permanent) coupling between the floating body arrangement and the mass arrangement.
• a tether from a first end which is attached to a floating body, can initially be guided in a first vertical direction.
• the coupling section can then be arcuate, for example semicircular (as stated, several turns can be provided), around the contact section.
• the tether can be guided in the opposite vertical direction and the other end of the tether can be attached to the floating body, for example.
• guiding the tether in a vertical direction can include a horizontal component in order, for example, to produce an angle between the leg sections of the tether between 0 ° and 135 °.
• steps 804 to 806 can follow steps 801 to 803. These steps 804 to 806 can also form an independent method.
• steps 804 to 806 an installation method according to the application for a floating foundation structure can be mapped.
• a pre-assembly step 804 (which can be at least partially identical to step 803), the floating body arrangement is coupled to the ground arrangement by at least one tether, in particular by guiding a coupling section of the tether around a contact section of the ground arrangement. This can be done in a port, for example.
• the mass arrangement can be positioned in a transport position in step 804 by the at least one lifting device. In this transport state of the foundation structure, the foundation structure can be brought to a specific installation location in a step 805, in particular it can be towed from a ship.
• the lifting device can move the mass arrangement into an installation position (step 806).
• the installation position also known as the coupling position
• the at least one lifting device can be dismantled, for example, after reaching the installation position.
• FIG. 9 shows a schematic view of a further (particularly preferred) exemplary embodiment of a floatable foundation structure 900 according to the present application.
• a corner area of a grounding arrangement 906 is shown.
• At least one contact section 910 is non-positively connected to the ground arrangement 906 (e.g. welded, screwed, glued, encapsulated) on the ground arrangement 906 (in particular on the outside).
• a contact section 910 of the mass arrangement 906 is formed in the present case by a pivot pin 910 (or the like) fastened to the mass arrangement 906.
• a pivot pin 910 is set up to reduce the movement of the tether 908.
• a turning pin 910 can have a circumferential collar at its end.
• the contact section 912 can run or be guided between the outer wall of the ground arrangement 906 and the circumferential collar (arcuate). In particular, the distance between the collar and the outer wall can be (somewhat) smaller than the outer diameter of the retaining cable 908 used (in particular of the contact section 912).
• the turning pin 910 can be matched to the tether in such a way that the contact section 912 of the tether 908 jams between the outer wall of the ground arrangement 906 and the circumferential collar in an installation state will be produced.
• a cotter pin 982 can be arranged as an additional movement-reducing element.

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• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Architecture (AREA)
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• Civil Engineering (AREA)
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• Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
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• 2020
  • 2020-03-24 DE DE102020108030.1A patent/DE102020108030A1/de active Pending
• 2021
  • 2021-02-24 EP EP21708188.4A patent/EP4126655A1/de active Pending
  • 2021-02-24 WO PCT/EP2021/054512 patent/WO2021190848A1/de active Search and Examination
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• 2022
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