EP4119468A1 - Lift-tilt device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a lifting and tipping device for a garbage truck for lifting and tipping one or more garbage containers, with a comb receptacle (1) which extends in the transverse direction of the vehicle and has a plurality of teeth (4) which can be engaged in corresponding pockets in the garbage container are provided at the ends of the comb receptacle (1) first guides (5) which bring a refuse container into a lifting position, characterized in that at least one second guide (6) is provided in the middle of the comb receptacle (1) in order to bring a refuse container into a lifting position. This makes it possible to position waste containers with less effort and to avoid incorrect operation of the device.

Description

The invention relates to a lifting and tipping device for a garbage truck with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Garbage trucks are equipped with lifting and tipping devices that are designed to pick up garbage cans and empty them into a trough or the collection container of the garbage truck. The recording usually takes place via a comb recording with spaced-apart, upwardly protruding teeth. The bins have pockets that the teeth engage in. The bin is held between a clamp bar and the teeth and is lifted and tilted. If the waste container is not properly seated on the teeth, the emptying process is aborted and the container set down again to avoid endangering the waste workers.

Split comb pickups consist of two individual pickups that can be operated synchronously to empty wide, high-capacity bins (such as four-wheel bins up to 1100 liters in volume) or independently to empty smaller bins (such as two-wheel bins up to up to 360 liters volume) can be used. Especially in the second case, it is important that the waste containers sit on the teeth of the correct receptacle, otherwise the emptying process will also be interrupted. An abortion always leads to a loss of time because the fault has to be acknowledged and the emptying process has to be restarted.

It is therefore always necessary to position the waste container correctly so that it can be picked up cleanly by the comb holder. Subsequent correction of the position or even lifting the bins from the teeth is physically very strenuous when the bins are full and therefore heavy. Achieving accurate positioning also requires strength, especially when the ground is uneven or sloping.

Although there are guides that are arranged at the end of the comb shots, as shown in the figures DE 10 2012 013 219 A1 are shown. These are sheet metal components that allow for centering when lifting, but offer little support when initially positioning the bin. In addition, through them Width of the comb recording fixed, so that there is no flexibility with different widths garbage cans. There is also a risk that when two narrow waste containers are being picked up, they will interfere with one another if one of them is positioned too far in the middle or even beyond the middle.

It is the object of the present invention to propose a lifting and tipping device with which the positioning of refuse containers on the comb receptacle is improved.

This object is achieved by a lifting and tipping device having the features of claim 1. Particular configurations of the invention are the subject matter of dependent claims 2 to 12.

The invention relates to a lifting and tipping device for a refuse truck for lifting and tipping one or more refuse containers with a comb receptacle having a plurality of teeth which can be engaged in corresponding pockets in the refuse container, first guides being provided at the ends of the comb receptacle that bring a refuse container into a lifting position and wherein at least one second guide is provided in the middle of the comb receptacle in order to bring a refuse container into a lifting position.

The lifting and tipping device can be arranged at the rear of a garbage truck and then extends in the transverse direction of the vehicle. Such a rear lifting and tipping device is advantageously equipped with a split comb mount, the two partial mounts can also be moved independently of one another. Likewise, a lifting and tipping device according to the invention can also be arranged on the side of a garbage truck.

Before the emptying process, the comb receptacle is usually located below the area where the bin pockets are located. The waste containers are moved up to the comb intake. Then, in the case of wide containers, the comb receptacle moves upwards over its entire width or, in the case of a split comb receptacle in the case of narrow receptacles, only with a part, so that the teeth can engage in the pockets of the garbage receptacle. The position that the containers occupy before being lifted correctly is understood as the lifting position. This position is reached when the container on the one hand close enough to the Comb mount stand so that the teeth can engage in the pockets, and on the other hand are positioned so that the intended teeth engage and the waste container does not protrude beyond the comb mount on the right or left.

The first guides at the ends of the comb receptacle ensure that the refuse containers cannot overhang there. When emptying the container, it cannot collide with the pouring opening or lose waste. Rather, the containers slide along the guide when the comb receptacle is lifted into their intended position. The waste worker does not have to laboriously place the heavy waste container exactly or correct its position, but has more freedom in positioning, which also means less time is required.

However, particularly narrow waste containers must not protrude in the middle of the area of the comb holder intended for them. This is ensured by the second guides, who ensure that the waste container is correctly positioned in the transverse direction of the vehicle as soon as it is in the lifting position. When lifting, the second detents provide resistance to the refuse container as it is centered by the first detents during the lifting movement.

The second guides can be designed to be displaceable, so that they recede when a wide refuse container is to be emptied, so that it can also be positioned close enough to the comb receptacle.

The first guides preferably have sliding surfaces which point in the vertical direction of the vehicle and are inclined towards the center of the comb receptacle, so that a refuse container is guided on the sliding surfaces to the lifting position. The centering of the waste container is favored by the inclined sliding surfaces. When the container is lifted, it is securely guided onto the comb holder and cannot tip over to the sides.

Furthermore, the first guides preferably have a non-displaceable, externally arranged component and a displaceable, internally arranged component, each with a sliding surface, and the components are arranged in a first state such that the sliding surfaces form an overall sliding surface. The outer components form the end piece of the respective comb receiver and the inner components are arranged from there in the direction of the center of the comb receiver.

In particular, the components arranged on the outside are made of a metallic material, which entails high stability and resistance to the forces exerted by the refuse containers. The components arranged on the inside can be made of a plastic, such as a polyamide. You can be designed as a wear part that is easy to replace, since the refuse containers are in most cases guided on this area of the first guide and this area is therefore exposed to the greatest stress. The fact that it is made from comparatively soft plastic also means that the refuse containers are less likely to be damaged.

Furthermore, an upwardly protruding extension can be provided on the first guides, for example on the components arranged on the outside. This is designed in such a way that it protrudes beyond a wide garbage can. This puts it in the garbage worker's field of vision, who has an additional visual aid to position the garbage container correctly.

It is particularly preferred that the displaceable component can be removed from the area of the comb receptacle, so that in this second state the non-displaceable component alone forms the first guide. This means that the sliding component can be removed from the area where the refuse containers are placed in the lifting position.

According to the standard, it is permissible for a clear width of between 1230 millimeters and 1280 millimeters to be selected between the end limits of the comb holder. Due to the large number of configurations of refuse containers with different widths, the maximum permissible value for the clear width is often chosen. However, this has the disadvantage that the correct positioning and centering of narrower waste containers is made more difficult, since if the positioning is too central, the guide known from the prior art at the end no longer reaches the container. According to the invention, the clear width of the comb receptacle can be varied here in a simple manner by removing the movable component. This means that the garbage collector can access the empty bins without a great deal of effort Container types respond by putting the first guide into the first or second state.

A further embodiment of the invention provides for the displaceable component to be held in its position in a form-fitting manner in the first state and in the second state. Advantageously, the displaceable component is not completely removed, but merely displaced from its position. Due to the positive fit, it remains captive in the respective position on the device or the comb holder.

Provision is also made for the displaceable component to be held in its position in the first state and in the second state by a spring force. This simplifies the changeover from the first to the second state, since no tools are required for this. The operating personnel only has to loosen and move the movable component against the spring force and, if necessary, out of the form fit. The new position is assumed automatically, driven by the spring force.

The second guide or guides advantageously comprise one or more sliding surfaces inclined towards the ends of the comb seat, so that a refuse container is guided on the sliding surfaces towards the lifting position. The centering of the waste container is favored by the inclined sliding surfaces.

Depending on the arrangement of the lifting and tipping device on the vehicle, the sliding surfaces can point in the rear direction of the vehicle, in the transverse direction of the vehicle or also in the vertical direction of the vehicle or in a direction lying in between.

A narrow refuse container is thereby guided to one end of the comb receptacle. This prevents it from protruding beyond the center of the comb receiver and being caught by the wrong teeth or comb section.

It is known that conventional lifting and tipping devices have sensors, for example ultrasonic sensors, which detect whether a wide refuse container is being moved up to the comb receptacle. The sensors are usually located in the middle of the comb holder so that narrower waste containers do not protrude into the detection area. If the sensors register a garbage can in their detection range, the system assumes that a wide garbage can is to be emptied. sensors have the disadvantage that they can get dirty or no longer work properly in rain or snow. According to the invention, it is therefore provided that the second guide or guides are designed as switches or are operatively connected to a switch, with switching taking place when a force is exerted on the guide or guides perpendicular to the comb receptacle.

When a wide refuse container is brought into its lifting position, it hits the second guides and exerts a force on them. This triggers the circuit and the onboard system knows that a wide bin is to be emptied and adjusts accordingly. A switch is an easy-to-install component that is robust and insensitive to weather influences.

It is also advantageous for the switch to be a proximity switch, which is activated as soon as the second guide or guides are moved by a force perpendicular to the comb receptacle.

Simultaneously with the switching, the second guides can be relocated from the area in front of the comb receiver to make room for the refuse container to be properly brought into its lifting position in front of the comb receiver.

Advantageously, the second guide or guides are blocked in the case of a pick-up parallel to the comb, so that no shifting is carried out. If a narrow garbage can is moved up to the comb receptacle, the switch should not be accidentally actuated when the garbage can touches the second guide and the latter is centering the garbage can. The refuse container then usually exerts a force from the side, that is to say essentially parallel to the comb receptacle, on the guide. This is then set up so that it is blocked and cannot be moved in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. This means that no switching is triggered and the system does not identify the waste container incorrectly.

In a further embodiment of the invention, preferably foldable arms are provided which support a refuse container laterally, the arms having a guide section and an instruction section, the latter having at least one sliding surface through which an extension of the refuse container is guided when it is lifted into a storage position will.

The preferably foldable arms serve to support and guide preferably wide garbage containers laterally. A full garbage container can only be maneuvered with a great deal of effort and must still be brought exactly into its lifting position. To do this, it must be pushed as straight as possible towards the comb holder. The refuse container can be supported on the guide section so that the refuse collector does not have to work against transverse forces. Not only but especially on sloping ground, this is an immense work simplification. The at least one sliding surface also guides the refuse container further in the direction of the refuse vehicle when it is lifted, so that the refuse container is again centered in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle at this point in the emptying process. If the bin is a little too far from the comb receptacle, the sliding surfaces will come into contact with projections attached to the bins and projecting laterally before or during lifting. As soon as the container is lifted, the extensions slide downwards on the sliding surfaces, driven by gravity, causing the entire refuse container to slide towards the refuse truck again. At the same time, it is supported laterally by the guide sections so that it cannot break out to the side.

Advantageously, the sliding surfaces point towards the comb and are inclined towards the comb. This reliably ensures that the container is centered.

In particular, the interaction of the arms with the first guides leads to a further improved centering of the refuse container in front of the comb holder and to a safer positioning of the refuse container in its lifting position that is gentler on the refuse worker.

Figur 1:

die Kammaufnahme einer erfindungsgemäßen Hub-Kipp-Vorrichtung

Figur 2a, 2b:

einen ersten Einweiser in einem ersten und einem zweiten Zustand

Figur 3a, 3b:

einen zweiten Einweiser

Figur 4:

einen klappbaren Arm

Further features of the invention result from the following figures. Show it:

Figure 1:

the comb recording of a lifting and tipping device according to the invention

Figure 2a, 2b:

a first herald in first and second states

Figure 3a, 3b:

a second referrer

Figure 4:

a folding arm

1 shows a split comb receptacle 1 of a lifting and tipping device according to the invention for a garbage truck, not shown in detail. Such a lifting and tipping device is usually attached to the rear of the garbage truck in order to empty the contents of garbage containers into a rear opening of a collection container or a trough of the garbage truck. The comb recording 1 consists of a left and a right partial recording 2.3 and extends in the vehicle transverse direction. The comb receptacle has teeth 4 projecting upwards. The teeth 4 engage in corresponding pockets in the garbage can. If the comb receptacle 1 is moved upwards, ie in the vertical direction of the vehicle, by a drive not shown in detail here, the refuse container is also raised. After a certain time and/or distance, the refuse container is clamped by a clamp between the latter and the teeth 4, so that the refuse container can no longer fall off the comb receptacle 1. Then the bin is tipped so that its contents are emptied into the collection bin or tub.

The 4 teeth have switches that acknowledge the proper seating of the garbage can on the 4 teeth. If the teeth 4 have not grasped the garbage container correctly or not at all, the emptying process is stopped in order to ensure the safety of operating personnel and passers-by.

The two partial recordings 2.3 can be moved together, synchronously or independently. Both partial recordings 2.3 are required for emptying a wide garbage can. A narrow garbage can can only be emptied from a partial recording 2.3.

A first guide 5 is provided at each end of the comb receptacle 1 . A second guide 6 is arranged in the middle. Only a second guide 6 is shown here, two second guides 6 are regularly attached, the sliding elements 19 of which point opposite to one another towards the end of the comb receptacle 1 . The referrers 5.6 have the task of bringing a garbage can into a lifting position. This means that the garbage container is on the one hand at a sufficiently small distance and parallel in front of the comb holder 1, so that the teeth 4 also engage in the correct pockets as soon as the comb holder 1 is moved upwards. On the other hand, narrow garbage cans in particular should be positioned in front of the correct partial receptacle 2.3, so that two garbage cans that are emptied at the same time do not get in each other's way hinder each other or the lifting and tipping device accidentally interprets a narrow garbage can as a wide garbage can because the narrow garbage can triggers corresponding sensors.

As in the Figures 2a and 2b , which shows the first guide 5, which is located on the right side of the comb receptacle 1 when looking at the vehicle, can be seen in more detail, the first guides 5 have sliding surfaces 7.8. The sliding surfaces 7.8 point in the vertical direction of the vehicle and are inclined toward the center of the comb receptacle 1, in this example toward the center of the vehicle. The refuse container can slide along these sliding surfaces 7, 8 during the lifting movement and is centered when viewed in the transverse direction of the vehicle, so that it is not placed too far to the outside.

The second guide 6 (see Figures 3a and 3b ) also has sliding surfaces 9,10, which also cause the garbage can to be guided. When emptying narrow garbage containers, the first guides 5 and the second guides 6 cooperate and jointly center the garbage container and bring it into its lifting position. When emptying wide garbage containers, the first guides 5 at the end work together in a corresponding manner.

In addition to the sliding surfaces 7, 8, the first guides 5 also have boundary surfaces 11, 12. These also act as guides in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.

The first guides 5 also have a non-displaceable component 13, 14 arranged on the outside and a displaceable component 13, 14 arranged on the inside, each with a sliding surface 7, 8. The displaceable component 14 is made of a plastic. The non-displaceable component 13 is a metal component that is firmly connected to the comb receptacle 1 . The sliding component 14 can be shifted to two positions. In Figure 2a the first guide 5 is shown in a first state. The displaceable component 14 is located in the area of the comb receptacle 1. The sliding surface 7 of the non-displaceable component 13 and the sliding surface 8 of the displaceable component 13 together form an overall sliding surface.

The displaceable component 14 has two pins on its rear side, which is not visible here, and which engage in plug-in holes 15 in the non-displaceable component 13 . This creates a positive connection through which the sliding Component 14 is held in position. This is supported by two spring screws 16, which pass through a guide slot 17 (see enlarged detail in Fig 1 ). The springs hold the sliding component 14 in position by spring force.

In order to remove the displaceable component 14 from the region of the comb receptacle 1 and to bring it into a second state, the garbage worker pulls on the displaceable component 14 and releases the pins from the plug-in holes 15 against the spring force. He then moves the sliding component 14 along the guide slot 17 in which the spring screws 16 are guided to another position where the pins can also slide into plug-in holes 15. This second state is in Figure 3b shown. The displaceable component 14 can therefore be moved with just one movement in order to change the clear width of the comb holder 1 and adapt it to different working conditions, as also already described above. In this second state, the sliding surface 7 of the non-displaceable component 13 alone acts as centering.

An extension 18 connects to the sliding surface 7 of the non-displaceable component 13 at the top. This juts out over the waste bins and provides the operating personnel with additional visual assistance in correctly positioning the waste bins.

In the Figures 3a and 3b a second guide 6 is shown. This also has several sliding surfaces 9,10 on a sliding element 19 which support the management of the waste containers when they are positioned. The sliding surfaces 9,10 are aligned differently in this embodiment and point both in the vehicle vertical direction and in the vehicle rear direction. However, they are all inclined in the direction of the end of the comb receptacle 1, ie towards the outside of the vehicle. The sliding element 19 is made of plastic, such as a polyamide, and is detachably attached to a lever 20 . As a result, this component subject to wear can easily be replaced. In addition, due to the comparatively soft plastic, waste containers are not easily damaged.

The lever 20 is mounted on a joint 21 and, when a force F is applied, is pivoted perpendicularly to the comb receptacle 1, i.e. here in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, in the direction of the garbage truck, as in FIG Figure 3b you can see. This occurs when a wide refuse container is driven against the second guide 6. The second guide 6 also has an arcuate section 22, which when pivoting the lever 20 in the Detection range of the proximity switch 31 penetrates, which is shown here schematically. The proximity switch 31 is thereby activated, as a result of which the control system of the lifting and tipping device recognizes that a wide refuse container is to be emptied. As a result, both partial recordings 2.3 are moved synchronously to accommodate and empty the garbage can.

If the refuse container is removed again, the lever 20 is pivoted back to its starting position, assisted by a spring 23 . The arc section 22 is removed from the detection range of the proximity switch 31 and this is deactivated.

To ensure that the proximity switch 31 is not activated accidentally even with narrow refuse containers, the second guide 5 is designed in such a way that it is blocked as soon as a force S acts on it from the side, ie parallel to the comb receptacle 1 . Blocked means that it cannot be pivoted at the joint 21 . If the garbage container hits the second guide 6 when it is positioned by the garbage worker or when it is centered when it is lifted, this force does not cause any switching. This avoids that the partial recordings 2.3 are moved at the same time unintentionally.

The lifting and tipping device also has foldable arms 24 which support a refuse container laterally and also guide it into the correct position. The arms 24 can be folded at a joint 25 . A spiral spring, not shown here, is provided to support it, one end of which is fixed to the garbage truck and the other end of which is fixed to a spring eyelet 26 on the arm 24 . the inside 4 The arm 24 shown has a guide section 27 and an instruction section 28 . The instruction section 28 also has sliding surfaces 29.

The arms 24 are used in particular when emptying wide refuse containers. These are large and difficult to manoeuvre, therefore only with great effort. The refuse containers can be supported on the guide sections 27 so that the operator does not have to move the refuse container transversely, but only has to push the container in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle towards the comb receptacle 1 . The effort required for this is significantly less.

Likewise, the orientation sections 28 result in the refuse container being positioned close to the comb receptacle. The sliding surfaces 29 of the briefing sections 28 point toward the comb receptacle 1 and are inclined toward the comb receptacle 1, that is, they point toward the vehicle and are inclined.

In the starting position, the arms 24 are below projections which protrude from the side walls of the refuse containers. As soon as the lifting and tipping device is moved upwards, the briefing sections 28 of the arms 24 come into contact with the extensions of the refuse containers if the refuse containers are not placed close enough to the comb receptacle 1 . Driven by gravity, the extensions glide along the sliding surfaces 29 towards the vehicle and the refuse container is centered in its raised position in front of the comb receptacle 1, also in conjunction with the first guides 5. The extensions come to rest in a storage position 30, whereby they do not necessarily come into contact with the arms 24. The refuse containers are primarily held clamped at the comb receptacle 1 between the teeth 24 and a clamping device.

Reference sign

1

comb pickup

2

left partial image

3

right partial shot

4

Tooth

5

first guide

6

second guide

7

sliding surface of 13

8th

sliding surface of 14

9

sliding surface of 19

10

sliding surface of 19

11

boundary surface of 14

12

boundary surface of 13

13

immovable component

14

movable component

15

plug hole

16

spring screw

17

guide slot

18

extension

19

sliding element

20

lever

21

joint

22

arc section

23

Feather

24

poor

25

joint

26

spring eyelet

27

guide section

28

briefing section

29

sliding surface of 28

30

storage position

31

proximity switch

f

power

S

power

Claims (12)

Lifting and tipping device for a garbage truck for lifting and tipping one or more garbage containers, comprising a comb receptacle (1) which extends in the transverse direction of the vehicle and which has a plurality of teeth (4) which can be engaged in corresponding pockets in the garbage container, wherein at the ends of the comb receptacle (1) are provided with first guides (5) which bring a refuse container into a lifting position, characterized in that at least one second guide (6) is provided in the middle of the comb retainer (1) in order to move a refuse container into a bring lifting position. Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the first guides (5) have sliding surfaces (7, 8) which point in the vertical direction of the vehicle and are inclined towards the center of the comb receptacle (1), so that a refuse container can be placed on the sliding surfaces ( 7,8) to the lift position. Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 2 , characterized in that the first guides (5) have a non-displaceable, externally arranged (13) and a displaceable, internally arranged (14) component, each with a sliding surface (7, 8) and the components ( 13,14) are arranged in a first state such that the sliding surfaces (7,8) form an overall sliding surface. Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the displaceable component (14) can be removed from the region of the comb receptacle (1), so that in this second state the non-displaceable component (13) alone forms the first guide (5). Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the displaceable component (14) is held in its position in a form-fitting manner in the first state and in the second state. Lift-tilt device according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the displaceable component (14) is held in its position in the first state and in the second state by a spring force. Lifting and tipping device according to at least one of the preceding claims , characterized in that the second guide or guides (6) have one or more sliding surfaces (9,10) which are inclined towards the ends of the comb receptacle (1), so that a refuse container on the sliding surfaces (9,10) to the lifting position. Lifting and tipping device according to one of the preceding claims , characterized in that the second guide or guides (6) are designed as switches or are operatively connected to a switch, with switching taking place when the guide or guides (6) are subjected to a force F is exerted perpendicularly to the comb holder (1). Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 8 , characterized in that the switch is a proximity switch which is activated as soon as the second guide or guides (6) are moved perpendicularly to the comb receptacle (1) by a force F. Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 8 or 9 , characterized in that the second guide or guides (6) are blocked when a force S is applied parallel to the comb receptacle (1), so that no switching is carried out. Lift-tilt device according to at least one of the preceding claims , characterized in that preferably foldable arms (24) are provided which support a refuse container laterally, the arms (24) having a guide section (27) and an instruction section (28). , the latter having at least one sliding surface (29) through which an extension of the refuse container is guided when it is lifted into a storage position (30). Lifting and tipping device according to Claim 11 , characterized in that the sliding surfaces (29) point towards the comb receptacle (1) and are inclined towards the comb receptacle (1).

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