EP4109486B1 - Sicherheitsvorrichtung und dreipoliger sockel - Google Patents

Sicherheitsvorrichtung und dreipoliger sockel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4109486B1
EP4109486B1 EP21756447.5A EP21756447A EP4109486B1 EP 4109486 B1 EP4109486 B1 EP 4109486B1 EP 21756447 A EP21756447 A EP 21756447A EP 4109486 B1 EP4109486 B1 EP 4109486B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
terminal
rocking
lever
switch element
resetting
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21756447.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4109486A1 (de
EP4109486A4 (de
EP4109486C0 (de
Inventor
Pablo Paunero Quijada
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Talleres Electromecanicos L Pinazo SA
Original Assignee
Talleres Electromecanicos L Pinazo SA
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/08—Terminals; Connections
    • H01H2071/088—Terminals for switching devices which make the devices interchangeable, e.g. with fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/205—Electric connections to contacts on the base
    • H01H2085/2055—Connections to bus bars in an installation with screw in type fuses or knife blade fuses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/03—Application domotique, e.g. for house automation, bus connected switches, sensors, loads or intelligent wiring
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention is comprised in the field of electrical installations, particularly in the field of electric distribution panels comprising three-pole fuse bases.
  • the invention relates to an electrical safety device configured for being installed in a three-pole fuse base, comprising two terminals between which there is defined an electrical branch, said branch being provided with a fuse configured for cutting off the passage of electric current in said branch in the case of blowing a fuse.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding three-pole fuse base.
  • Devices of this type present an enhanced safety, given that they represent a physical cut-off in situations of excessive current.
  • they have the drawback of having to replace the fuse, once blown, with a new one, which increases maintenance costs.
  • an operator must physically remove the fuse in order to thereby cut off the passage of current.
  • both devices based on fuses and devices based on breakers have the drawback of the difficulty in adapting the same device for different current cut-off situations.
  • the usual breakers are not particularly suited to the voltage and current conditions in low-voltage installation distribution centers. Particularly, the safety level offered by said breakers can be lower than that offered by fuses.
  • an electrical safety device which allows a high safety level and which, at the same time, lowers maintenance costs and provides flexibility in terms of the selection of the line cut-off criteria, is advisable.
  • WO 2016/042290 A1 discloses a current management device that includes a circuit breaker connected to a coupling assembly that connects terminals of a fuse unit to the circuit breaker.
  • the coupling assembly includes a fuse, or connecting bar, which can be removably supported within the coupling assembly and provides an electrical path for current flow through the coupling assembly and circuit breaker.
  • the circuit breaker is connected to a remote SCADA system which allows for remote operation of the device.
  • the current management device of the present invention therefore provides a remotely operated device that can be installed in the space of a conventional fuse. This reduces supply management time as it can be reset remotely.
  • the provision of a fuse in series increases high current breaking capability.
  • the current management device can be permanently installed or can be installed for a short period of time to assist in maintain supplies until a fault is located. Down time is minimised in a conventionally managed network and facilitates migration to a smart network, and there is increased operator safety through manually independent and/or remote switching. In addition, it can be installed on a selective basis in existing or new equipment.
  • the document discloses all the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • the purpose of the invention is to provide an electrical safety device of the type indicated above, which allows the problems set forth above to be overcome.
  • This purpose is achieved by means of an electrical safety device according to claim 1.
  • This electrical safety device is of the type indicated above and further comprises:
  • the switch element and the fuse are thereby connected in series. Therefore, the switch element acts as a first cut-off line, whereas the fuse provides added safety: even if the switch should fail, if the current is excessive, the fuse will perform its function and cut off the line.
  • disabling of the switch element is controlled by means of the control module, which allows one and the same device to be used for different predetermined conditions, for example, different current thresholds, temperature thresholds, etc.
  • Said predetermined condition is based on an operational parameter measured in the device itself by the measuring means. Accordingly, under normal operation, the line is cut off by means of the switch element, based on a predetermined condition which can be adapted to each installation, thereby providing flexibility to the device.
  • any element for example, the switch element or the control module, fail and the line is not cut off, the fuse provided in the device will blow.
  • the safety level of the device is thereby equivalent to that of fuses used in the art, but with the incorporation of the technical advantages described above during normal operation.
  • said control module is further configured for resetting, where said resetting comprises acting on said switch element in order to move said switch element from said open state to said closed state, which allows the possibility of resetting the device again without the need for an operator to physically go to the location where the device is used for resetting by operating said manual actuator.
  • said control module is further configured for starting said resetting when a predetermined resetting time has elapsed since said disabling.
  • This allows automatic resetting once a predetermined time has elapsed, providing the device with autonomy, allowing, in an autonomous manner, the device to be reset and allow the passage of current through the line without needing the intervention of an operator.
  • This type of functionality is particularly advantageous in situations such as those in which current peaks, for example, due to lightning striking, take place.
  • said control module is further configured for retrying at least once in the event that a disabling takes place immediately after said resetting, thereby increasing the autonomy of the device with respect to the resetting.
  • the total number of retries is limited to a predetermined value of retries, such that retries are not performed if the conditions triggering the line being cut off are maintained for a prolonged period, which generally implies that it is not an isolated problem.
  • said operational parameters comprise an electric current measurement in said branch, and said predetermined condition comprises at least one of the conditions where:
  • the first condition is met when a current threshold value is exceeded, whereas the second condition requires a threshold current to be exceeded for a time window. Both threshold currents can be different. The device can thereby be disabled in the case of isolated current peaks and/or when there is a prolonged increase in current.
  • said threshold time depends on said threshold current, such that the higher the threshold current is, the lower the threshold time is.
  • said measuring means comprise a first toroidal current transformer arranged surrounding an electrical conductor of said branch.
  • This allows a current measurement to be taken on the current circulating through the branch through the current induced in said toroidal transformer.
  • the measurement does not need any bypass circuit of the branch itself, nor does it require other elements to be placed in series.
  • the current in the measuring circuit is isolated from the current circulating through the branch, which improves safety and particularly minimizes the risk of an excessive current being able to cause damage in the measuring means.
  • said device further comprises a second toroidal current transformer configured for electrically powering said control module, such that external power supply for the device is not needed.
  • a second toroidal current transformer configured for electrically powering said control module, such that external power supply for the device is not needed.
  • the supply circuit emerging from the second toroidal transformer to supply power to the device is electrically isolated from the main branch, thereby increasing device safety and robustness.
  • said operational parameters further comprise at least one of:
  • said control module further comprises remote connection means configured for at least one of:
  • said commands comprise at least one of:
  • said order for configuration comprises at least one of:
  • the orders for configuration furthermore allow the remote and preferably centralized modification of parameters such as those herein set forth. This has the additional advantage that should it be necessary to comply with different regulations over time, it is not necessary to physically act on or replace the device, but rather simply send the corresponding orders for remote configuration.
  • Said switch element comprises a vacuum interrupter of the type comprising:
  • Vacuum interrupters sometimes called vacuum bottles, are elements that have frequently been used in medium- or high-voltage applications. However, their use in low-voltage applications with high current intensities, as in the case of the three-pole fuse bases, is unknown. Therefore, an object of the invention relates to the use of vacuum interrupters as a switch element for electrical safety devices configured for installation in three-pole bases.
  • This type of switch has the advantage that the distance that the elements thereof must move for opening and closing the passage of current is very short in comparison with switches of another type, such as breakers based on bimetal strips. The reason is the high electric strength of the vacuum inside the bottle, which minimizes the occurrence of electric arcs.
  • Said device further comprises a controllable actuator configured for moving said second terminal from said proximal position to said distal position or vice versa; wherein said control module is configured for acting on said switch element by means of said controllable actuator.
  • the vacuum interrupter requires mechanical action on its second mobile terminal to move same to the open or closed position. The use of a controllable actuator allows this mechanical action to be performed, whereas the control electronics of the control module is in charge of determining when said action is necessary.
  • Said controllable actuator comprises:
  • the lever rocks about a shaft, and the operating means move said lever from one of the sides of the shaft.
  • first segment and “second segment” are interchangeable in an equivalent manner.
  • first side and “second side”.
  • the securing means secure the second mobile terminal, which allows the movement applied from the operating means to correspond to a movement of the second terminal from its proximal position to its distal position, or vice versa. It is thereby possible to cause the vacuum interrupter to move from the closed state to the open state, or vice versa.
  • the second terminal In the first rocking position, the second terminal is in the proximal position and the vacuum interrupter is in the closed state, whereas, in the second rocking position, the second terminal is in the distal position and the vacuum interrupter is in the open state.
  • the arrangement by means of the rocker lever likewise allows the operating means to be arranged parallel to the bottle, which provides flexibility to the design of the device, particularly so that it can be used in three-pole fuse bases.
  • the function of the locking means is to impede the vacuum interrupter from unexpectedly opening, by means of locking the terminal in its proximal position. Indeed, in cases such as, for example, when there is an isolated current peak, a force that tends to separate the electrical contacts inside the bottle of the vacuum interrupter can be induced.
  • the locking means overcome these problems given that they impede the electrical connectors from moving away from one another as they impede movement of the second terminal.
  • said operating means comprise at least one electromagnet.
  • Each electromagnet is controlled by the control means to impart movement on one side of the lever.
  • This solution does not need supplementary mobile parts such as gears, motors, etc., whereby the reliability and service life are high.
  • two electromagnets are arranged separated by an access space, which facilitates the assembly of the device.
  • the first terminal of the vacuum interrupter can be connected to one of the bars of a three-pole fuse base provided on the bottom of said base, which would make the assembly of the device on said base difficult were it not for said access space.
  • the lever is a planar part with a C-shaped side in which each end is operated by one of said electromagnets and the inner space leaves said access space free.
  • each of said at least one electromagnet is further provided with a permanent magnet configured for maintaining the position of said rocker lever in the event of losing electrical power in said electromagnet.
  • the electromagnet thereby only needs to be operated when the lever needs to be moved to one rocking position or the other. This lowers the power consumption of the device and prolongs its service life.
  • said manual actuator comprises:
  • said securing means comprise:
  • the central through hole is configured with sufficient clearance so as to allow the second terminal to pass therethrough both in the first rocking position and in the second rocking position.
  • the central through hole has an oval shape with a minor axis parallel to the rocking shaft and a major axis perpendicular thereto.
  • the lateral holes and the pin allow the rocking movement of the lever to be converted into a linear movement transmitted to the second terminal, which is needed for moving said terminal between its proximal and distal positions.
  • said locking means comprise:
  • working position of the spring is understood to mean that position in which said spring is subjected to a force that elastically deforms said spring.
  • working position corresponds to an elongated position
  • the working position corresponds to a compressed position. Therefore, in said locking position, the spring tends to pull the mobile part in the direction corresponding to the standby position of the spring, which tends to move the catch away from the hole.
  • said mobile part further comprises:
  • said vacuum interrupter is arranged vertically, such that said second mobile terminal is arranged so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and wherein said fuse is arranged above said vacuum interrupter.
  • Fuse bases generally have a limitation imposed on their dimensions, particularly in terms of the width of the fuses connected thereto. Usually, this limitation is imposed by the installation company, or a limitation is imposed by way of regulation. The location of the fuse on the switch element allows the use of relatively wide components which would not comply with said imposition if they were arranged laterally. It is thereby possible to replace current fuses in three-pole fuse bases with devices such as the device of the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a three-pole fuse base provided with at least one electrical safety device according to any of the forms described above.
  • the invention also comprises other detailed features illustrated in the detailed description of an embodiment of the invention and in the attached figures.
  • the figures show a first embodiment of the electrical safety device 1 of the invention, as well as of a corresponding three-pole fuse base 2.
  • the device 1 of the invention is configured for being installed in a three-pole fuse base 2 such as the one in Figure 1 , in which the base 2 is provided with three of said devices 1.
  • Figure 2 shows the device 1 in an isolated manner.
  • the device 1 comprises two electric terminals 101, 102 between which there is defined an electrical branch.
  • the device comprises an external casing manufactured from an electrically insulating material.
  • the device 1 comprises a control module 107 arranged in an area of the casing configured for accepting said control module 107.
  • the functionality of the control module is described hereinbelow. Given that said external casing impedes viewing the rest of the internal components, for the sake of clarity, in the remaining Figures 3 to 10 said external casing has been eliminated.
  • the figures are simplified depictions of the device 1, so they do not show elements such as the internal wiring.
  • Figure 3 and Figure 4 show the main internal elements of the device 1 of the invention. Particularly, the figures show how the branch defined between the two terminals 101, 102 is provided with a fuse 103 intended for cutting off the passage of electric current in said branch in the case of blowing a fuse.
  • the fuse is a blade fuse with a rated current value of 400 A, although in other embodiments of the device 1, fuses of other current values, suited to the type of application for which the safety device 1 is intended, are used.
  • the device 1 further comprises a switch element 104 provided in the branch and connected in series with the fuse 103.
  • the switch element 104 of the example is a vacuum interrupter 150 with rated values of 400 A, 440 V, and 25 kA, effective for a 1-second short-circuit.
  • the vacuum interrupter 150 has a closed state in which it allows the passage of electric current, and an open state in which it impedes the passage of electric current. Current thereby passes through the branch if both the fuse 103 and the vacuum interrupter 150 allow this passage.
  • Vacuum interrupters 150 of this type are known, so only the most relevant elements are described so as to understand the invention.
  • the vacuum interrupter 150 of the example comprises a cylindrical bottle 155 depicted vertically in the figures.
  • Two electrical contacts 151, 152 arranged in a vacuum medium.
  • Two terminals 153 and 154 emerge from the upper and lower ends of the bottle 155, from the central axis of the bottle 155.
  • a first terminal 153 is fixed, whereas the second terminal 154 is mobile and can be moved vertically in a direction which coincides with the axis of the bottle 155 and is perpendicular to an outer surface of said bottle 155; in the example of the figures, said surface outer is the upper surface of the bottle 155.
  • the second terminal 154 can be moved vertically between a proximal position, in which the electrical contacts 151, 152 of the interior of the bottle 155 are in electrical contact and the vacuum interrupter 150 is in the closed state, and a distal position, in which the electrical contacts 151, 152 are separated and said vacuum interrupter 150 is in said open state.
  • the terminals 153 and 154 are provided with screws in order to attach them to busbars, although other equivalent forms of connection are possible, for example, a welded connection.
  • the first terminal 153 is attached to an electric terminal 102 of the device 1
  • the second terminal 154 is attached to the fuse 103 by means of a C-shaped conductive copper bar segment, conferring to it sufficient flexibility to absorb the vertical movements of the second terminal 154.
  • the vacuum interrupter 150 is arranged vertically, such that the second mobile terminal 154 is arranged so as to be movable in the vertical direction, and the fuse 103 is arranged above said vacuum interrupter 150.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show how the safety device 1 also comprises measuring means, in this case, a first toroidal current transformer 106 arranged surrounding an electrical conductor of said branch emerging from the fuse 103 towards one of the electric terminals 101 of the device 1.
  • This toroidal transformer 106 is configured for measuring at least one operational parameter of the safety device 1.
  • said parameter is a measurement of the current circulating through the branch.
  • Said control module 107 is configured for disabling the device 1 in the event that the operational parameter, in this case the current measurement, meets a predetermined condition.
  • a selector provided in the device 1 allows an operator to be able to previously determine a threshold current value in the range of 160-400 A.
  • said selector is a potentiometer connected to the control module 107, although other equivalent forms can be provided. Therefore, the predetermined condition is for the electric current measurement to exceed said selected threshold current for the duration of a threshold time of 0.1 second.
  • the disabling performed by the control module 107 comprises acting on the switch element 104, in this case the vacuum interrupter 150, in order to move said switch element 104 from the closed state to the open state.
  • Figure 5 shows the device 1 without the fuse 103 or the measuring means 106 such that other components can be observed more clearly.
  • the device 1 further comprises a manual actuator 105 comprising an actuator rod 110 and a push button 111.
  • the actuator rod 110 is arranged in a vertical direction, parallel to the second mobile terminal 154 of the vacuum interrupter 150 and movable in said direction. It has a distal end, away from the vacuum interrupter 150, and a proximal end, close to the vacuum interrupter 150.
  • the push button 111 is secured to the actuator rod 110 at its distal end.
  • the manual actuator 105 is configured for moving the switch element 104 from the closed state to the open state and vice versa. The manner in which this opening and closing of the switch element 104 is performed by the manual actuator 105 in the first embodiment is described below.
  • Figure 5 also shows that the device 1 further comprises a controllable actuator.
  • Said controllable actuator is configured for moving the second mobile terminal 154 of the vacuum interrupter 150 corresponding to the switch element 104 from its proximal position to its distal position or vice versa.
  • the control module 107 is configured for acting on the switch element 104 by means of said controllable actuator.
  • the controllable actuator comprises a rocker lever 160 which, for the first embodiment, is a planar part with a C-shaped side.
  • Figure 6 shows a detailed top view which shows the arrangement of the rocker lever 160, which is configured for rocking about a rocking shaft 161 between a first rocking position and a second rocking position.
  • FIG. 5 and Figure 6 depict said rocking shaft 161 as a discontinuous line superimposed on the figure.
  • the lever 160 has a first segment 162 on a first side of the shaft 161 and a second segment 163 on a second side of the shaft 161, opposite said first side.
  • the proximal end of the actuator rod 110 of the manual actuator 105 is assembled secured to the first segment 162 of the lever 160, such that a movement of said manual actuator 105 moves the lever 160 and vice versa.
  • the controllable actuator also comprises operating means 170 configured for acting on said lever 160 from the second segment 163 for moving said lever 160 between the first rocking position and the second rocking position and vice versa.
  • the operating means 170 comprise two electromagnets 171 separated by an access space 172 which vertically coincides with the free space left by the C shape of the rocker lever 160. In that sense, each of the two ends of the second segment 163 of the lever 160 is operated by one of said electromagnets 171, leaving the access space 172 free, which allows accessing from above the anchoring point of the lower electric terminal 102 of the device 1.
  • Each electromagnet 171 is further provided with a permanent magnet configured for maintaining the position of said rocker lever 160 in the event of losing electrical power in said electromagnet 171.
  • the controllable actuator also comprises securing means 180 arranged in the first segment 162 of the lever 160 and securing said lever 160 to the second mobile terminal 154 of the vacuum interrupter 150. Therefore, in the first rocking position, the second terminal 154 is in the proximal position, and in the second rocking position in which the vacuum interrupter 150 is closed, the second terminal 154 is in the distal position in which the vacuum interrupter 150 is open.
  • the securing means 180 comprise a bushing 181 integral with the rocker lever 160 and provided with a central through hole 182 that the second terminal 154 goes through.
  • Figures 7, 8 , 9, and 10 show how the bushing 181 has lateral holes 183 with an ellipsoid shape.
  • a pin 184 is arranged going through the second terminal 154 and the bushing 181, to the lateral holes 183 thereof. Particularly, the pin 184 extends perpendicular to the second terminal 154 and parallel to the rocking shaft 161.
  • Figure 7 and Figure 8 are detailed side views of the device 1. To facilitate comprehension of the operation of the vacuum interrupter 150, the walls of said vacuum interrupter 150 and of the bottle 155 have been eliminated in said figures such that the internal elements are visible.
  • Figure 7 corresponds to the device 1 with the rocker lever 160 in the first rocking position, whereby the second terminal 154 is in the proximal position, and the switch element 104 is closed.
  • Figure 8 the rocker lever 160 is in the second rocking position, whereby the second terminal 154 is in the distal position, and the switch element 104 is open.
  • the two electrical contacts 151 and 152 of the vacuum interrupter 150 can be seen in Figure 7 and 8 , these contacts are actually arranged in a vacuum medium inside the bottle 155, but they are herein visible because said bottle 155 has been eliminated in these figures.
  • the first fixed terminal 153 is attached to a first fixed rod which communicates with the interior of said bottle 155 and is attached to one of said electrical contacts 151.
  • the second mobile terminal 154 is attached to a second mobile rod which communicates with the interior of said bottle 155 and is attached to the other one of said electrical contacts 152. Therefore, when the second terminal 154 is in the proximal position, like in Figure 7 , the electrical contacts 151, 152 are in contact and the vacuum interrupter 150 is in the closed state, allowing the passage of electric current. In contrast, when the second terminal 154 is in the distal position, like in Figure 8 , the electrical contacts 151, 152 are separated and the vacuum interrupter 150 is in the open state, impeding the passage of electric current therethrough.
  • Figure 9 and Figure 10 are detailed views of the attachment area between the second terminal 154 and the rocker lever 160.
  • Figure 9 corresponds to the device 1 with the switch element 104 closed
  • Figure 10 corresponds to the device 1 with the switch element open.
  • said locking means comprise a mobile part 190 with a body 191 provided with a catch 192 on a first side of the body 191, which has been depicted on the right side in the figures.
  • the mobile part 190 is assembled so as to be movable along a straight line which is perpendicular to the second terminal 154 and to the rocking shaft 161, and in the figures this straight line corresponds to a horizontal straight line.
  • Figure 9 shows the mobile part 190 in a locking position
  • Figure 10 shows it in a release position.
  • the mobile part 190 is movable between both positions.
  • the mobile part 190 is attached to a spring 196 on a second side of the body 191 opposite the first side of the body, and in the figures this side corresponds to the left side.
  • a locking hole 193 facing the catch 192 in the first rocking position shown in Figure 9 is provided in the bushing 181 of the securing means 180.
  • Figure 9 depicts the tip of the catch 192 and the locking hole 193 by means of discontinuous lines, given that they would otherwise be concealed in the detailed side view.
  • the spring 196 is in a working position which, for the case of the first embodiment, corresponds to a compressed position.
  • the catch 192 is removed from the locking hole 193, and the spring 196 is in a standby position.
  • Figures 9 and 10 show that the mobile part 190 further comprises a spring rod 198 and a flange 199.
  • the spring rod 198 is attached to the body 191 at its first end, depicted on the right, and to the flange 199 at its second end, depicted on the left. Therefore, the spring 196 is arranged around the spring rod 198, between the flange 199 and the body 191 of the mobile part 190.
  • the mobile part 190 is arranged inside a box-shaped guide structure 120.
  • the walls of said guide structure 120 appear in as a cutaway section in Figures 9 and 10 .
  • Inside said guide structure 120 there are formed guiding stops 197 in the form of internal walls perpendicular to the direction of movement of the mobile part 190.
  • These guiding stops 197 limit the movement of the mobile part 190 along the horizontal straight line perpendicular to the second terminal 154, impeding lateral movements.
  • the guiding stops 197 close to the spring 196 further serve to compress the spring 196 between said guiding stops 197 and the flange 199 when said spring 196 is in the working position shown in Figure 9 .
  • the body 191 of the mobile part 190 further comprises an upper pushing portion 194 in the form of a ramp that ascends towards said second terminal 154, on the right in the figures.
  • the rocker lever 160 is provided with a lower pushing portion 195 in the form of a ramp complementary to the upper pushing portion 194 of the mobile part.
  • Figure 10 shows that in the second rocking position of the lever 160, the lower pushing portion 195 of the lever 160 is removed from the upper pushing portion 194 of the mobile part 190. In this situation, the spring 196 tends to expand to its standby position, driving the mobile part 190 and removing the catch 192 from the locking hole 193, as seen in Figure 10 .
  • a movement performed on the rocker lever 160 for example, due to the actuation of the electromagnets 171 or the manual actuator 105, separates the lower pushing portion 195 attached to the lever 160 from the upper pushing portion 194 of the mobile part, and the spring 196 itself pushes the mobile part 190 towards the position shown in Figure 10 . Therefore, the locking only affects the movements initiated by the vertical movement of the second terminal.
  • the device 1 further comprises a second toroidal current transformer configured for electrically powering said control module 107 and said electromagnets 171.
  • the operational parameters comprise an electric current measurement in the branch, and the predetermined condition corresponds to the situation in which said electric current measurement exceeds a threshold current without taking into account the time by which said threshold is exceeded.
  • the operational parameter further comprises a temperature measurement.
  • said operational parameter further comprises a voltage measurement.
  • said operational parameter comprising current, voltage, and temperature measurements.
  • control module 107 is further configured for resetting, where said resetting comprises acting on said switch element 104 in order to move said switch element 104 from said open state to said closed state.
  • the control module 107 starts the resetting when a predetermined resetting time has elapsed since said disabling, which is a value that can range between 5 and 180 seconds.
  • the control module 107 is configured for carrying out up to 5 retries in the event that a disabling takes place immediately after said resetting.
  • control module 107 further comprises a transmitter and a receiver configured for sending operational parameters and for receiving commands.
  • the commands comprise orders for configuration, for starting the disabling, for starting the resetting.
  • the order for starting the resetting includes the predetermined values of retries.
  • orders for configuration are modification of the predetermined condition, modification of the predetermined resetting time, or modification of the number of retries.

Landscapes

  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
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Claims (15)

  1. Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1), die konfiguriert ist, um in einem dreipoligen Sicherungssockel (2) installiert zu werden, die zwei Anschlüsse (101, 102) aufweist, zwischen denen ein elektrischer Zweig definiert ist, wobei der Zweig mit einer Sicherung (103) versehen ist, die konfiguriert ist, um den Durchgang von elektrischem Strom in diesem Zweig in dem Fall des Durchbrennens einer Sicherung zu unterbrechen;
    wobei die Vorrichtung (1) ferner aufweist:
    - ein Schaltelement (104), das in dem Zweig bereitgestellt ist und mit der Sicherung (103) in Reihe geschaltet ist, wobei das Schaltelement (104) einen geschlossenen Zustand, in dem es den Durchgang von elektrischem Strom zulässt, und einen offenen Zustand hat, in dem es den Durchgang von elektrischem Strom unterbindet, hat;
    - einen manuellen Aktuator (105), der konfiguriert ist, um das Schaltelement (104) von dem geschlossenen Zustand in den offenen Zustand und umgekehrt zu bewegen;
    - eine Messeinrichtungen (106), die konfiguriert ist, um wenigstens einen Betriebsparameter der Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) zu messen; und
    - ein Steuermodul (107), das konfiguriert ist, um in dem Fall, dass der wenigstens eine Betriebsparameter eine vorbestimmte Bedingung erfüllt, zu deaktivieren, wobei das Deaktivieren das Einwirken auf das Schaltelement (104) bedeutet, um das Schaltelement (104) von dem geschlossenen Zustand in den offenen Zustand zu bewegen;
    wobei die Vorrichtung (1) ferner einen steuerbaren Aktuator aufweist, und wobei das Steuermodul (107) konfiguriert ist, um mit Hilfe des steuerbaren Aktuators auf das Schaltelement (104) einzuwirken;
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Schaltelement (104) einen Vakuumunterbrecher (150) der Art aufweist, der aufweist:
    - eine Flasche (155), in der zwei elektrische Kontakte (151, 152), die in einem Vakuummedium angeordnet sind, bereitgestellt sind;
    - einen ersten festen Anschluss (153), der an einem festen Stab befestigt ist, der mit dem Inneren der Flasche (155) in Verbindung steht und an einem der elektrischen Kontakte (151, 152) befestigt ist;
    - einen zweiten beweglichen Anschluss (154), der an einem zweiten beweglichen Stab befestigt ist, der mit dem Inneren der Flasche (155) in Verbindung steht und an dem anderen der elektrischen Kontakte (151, 152) befestigt ist;
    wobei der zweite Anschluss (154) in eine Richtung senkrecht zu der Flasche (155) beweglich ist zwischen einer proximalen Position, in der die elektrischen Kontakte (151, 152) in Kontakt sind und der Vakuumunterbrecher (150) in seinem geschlossenen Zustand ist, und einer distalen Position, in der die elektrischen Kontakte (151, 152) getrennt sind und der Vakuumunterbrecher (150) in seinem offenen Zustand ist;
    wobei der steuerbare Aktuator konfiguriert ist, um den zweiten Anschluss (154) von der proximalen Position in die distale Position oder umgekehrt zu bewegen; wobei der steuerbare Aktuator aufweist:
    - einen Kipphebel (160), der derart konfiguriert ist, dass er um eine Kippwelle (161) zwischen einer ersten Kippposition und einer zweiten Kippposition kippt, wobei der Hebel (160) einen ersten Abschnitt (162) auf einer ersten Seite der Welle (161) und einen zweiten Abschnitt (163) auf einer zweiten Seite der Welle (161) entgegengesetzt zu der ersten Seite hat;
    - eine Bedieneinrichtung (170), die konfiguriert ist, um von dem zweiten Abschnitt (163) auf den Hebel (160) einzuwirken, um den Hebel (160) zwischen der ersten Kippposition und der zweiten Kippposition und umgekehrt zu bewegen;
    - eine Befestigungseinrichtung (180), die in dem ersten Abschnitt (162) eingerichtet und konfiguriert ist, um den Hebel (160) derart an dem zweiten beweglichen Anschluss (154) zu befestigen, dass der zweite Anschluss (154) in der ersten Kippposition in der proximalen Position ist und der zweite Anschluss (154) in der zweiten Kippposition in der distalen Position ist; und
    - eine Verriegelungseinrichtung, die konfiguriert ist, um den zweiten Anschluss (154) in der proximalen Position zu verriegeln, wenn der Hebel (160) in der ersten Kippposition ist.
  2. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuermodul (107) ferner für Zurücksetzen konfiguriert ist, wobei das Zurücksetzen das Einwirken auf das Schaltelement (104) aufweist, um das Schaltelement (104) von dem offenen Zustand in den geschlossenen Zustand zu bewegen; wobei das Steuermodul (107) ferner vorzugsweise konfiguriert ist, um das Zurücksetzen zu beginnen, wenn seit der Deaktivierung eine vorbestimmte Rücksetzzeit vergangen ist.
  3. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuermodul (107) ferner konfiguriert ist, um in dem Fall, dass eine Deaktivierung stattfindet, unmittelbar nach dem Zurücksetzen wenigstens einmal einen erneuten Versuch durchzuführen, wobei die Gesamtanzahl von erneuten Versuchen vorzugsweise auf einen vorbestimmten Wert von erneuten Versuchen beschränkt ist.
  4. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betriebsparameter eine elektrische Strommessung in dem Zweig aufweisen und dass die vorbestimmte Bedingung wenigstens eine der Bedingungen aufweist, wobei:
    - die elektrische Strommessung einen Schwellstrom überschreitet; und
    - die elektrische Strommessung einen Schwellstrom die Dauer einer Schwellzeit überschreitet;
    wobei die Messeinrichtung (106) vorzugsweise einen ersten Ringstrom-Transformator aufweist, der einen elektrischen Leiter des Zweigs umgebend angeordnet ist.
  5. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie ferner einen zweiten Ringstrom-Transformator aufweist, der konfiguriert ist, um das Steuermodul (107) elektrisch zu betreiben.
  6. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Betriebsparameter ferner wenigstens eine der folgenden aufweisen:
    - eine Temperaturmessung;
    - eine Strommessung; und
    - eine Spannungsmessung.
  7. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuermodul (107) ferner eine Fernverbindungseinrichtung aufweist, die für wenigstens eines der folgenden konfiguriert sind:
    - Senden der Betriebsparameter; und
    - Empfangen von Befehlen;
    wobei die Befehle vorzugsweise wenigstens eines der folgenden aufweisen:
    - eine Reihenfolge für die Konfiguration;
    - eine Reihenfolge für das Beginnen der Deaktivierung; und
    - eine Reihenfolge für das Beginnen des Zurücksetzens;
    wobei die Reihenfolge für das Beginnen des Zurücksetzens vorzugsweise den vorbestimmten Wert für die erneuten Versuche aufweist;
    wobei die Reihenfolge für die Konfiguration noch besser wenigstens eine der folgenden aufweist:
    - eine Reihenfolge für das Modifizieren der vorbestimmten Bedingung;
    - eine Reihenfolge für das Modifizieren der vorbestimmten Zeit für das Zurücksetzen;
    - eine Reihenfolge für das Modifizieren des vorbestimmten Werts für die erneuten Versuche zum Zurücksetzen.
  8. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Bedieneinrichtung (170) wenigstens einen Elektromagneten (171), vorzugsweise zwei Elektromagnete (171), die durch einen Zugangsraum (172) getrennt sind, aufweist.
  9. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jeder des wenigstens einen Elektromagnets (171) ferner mit einem Permanentmagnet versehen ist, der konfiguriert ist, um die Position des Kipphebels (160) in dem Fall beizubehalten, in dem die elektrische Leistung in dem Elektromagnet (171) verloren geht.
  10. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der manuelle Aktuator (105) aufweist:
    - einen Aktuatorstab (110), der in Bezug auf den zweiten beweglichen Anschluss (154) des Vakuumunterbrechers (150) parallel angeordnet ist und in der Parallelrichtung beweglich ist, der ein distales Ende relativ zu dem Vakuumunterbrecher (150) und ein proximales Ende relativ zu dem Vakuumunterbrecher (150) hat;
    - einen Druckknopf (111), der an dem distalen Ende an dem Aktuatorstab (110) befestigt ist;
    wobei das proximale Ende an dem ersten Abschnitt (162) des Kipphebels (160) befestigt montiert ist, so dass eine Bewegung des manuellen Aktuators (105) den Hebel (160) bewegt und umgekehrt.
  11. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Befestigungseinrichtung (180) aufweist:
    - eine Hülse (181), die integral mit dem Kipphebel (160) ist, die mit einem mittleren Durchgangsloch (182), durch welches der zweite Anschluss (154) geht, und mit seitlichen Löchern (183) versehen ist; und
    - einen Stift (184), der durch den zweiten Anschluss (154) gehend angeordnet ist und sich senkrecht dazu und parallel zu dem Kipphebel (181), durch die seitlichen Löcher (183) gehend erstreckt.
  12. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verriegelungseinrichtung aufweist:
    - einen beweglichen Teil (190), der einen Körper (191) aufweist, der auf einer ersten Seite des Körpers mit einem Riegel (192) versehen ist, wobei der bewegliche Teil (190) derart angeordnet ist, dass er entlang einer geraden Linie, die senkrecht zu dem zweiten Anschluss (154) und zu der Kippwelle (161) ist, zwischen einer Verriegelungsposition und einer Löseposition oder umgekehrt beweglich ist;
    - eine Feder (196), die auf einer zweiten Seite des Körpers entgegengesetzt zu der ersten Seite des Körpers an dem beweglichen Teil (190) befestigt ist; und
    - ein Verriegelungsloch (193), das in der Hülse (181) bereitgestellt ist und dem Riegel (192) in der ersten Kippposition zugewandt ist;
    wobei die Verriegelungseinrichtung derart konfiguriert ist, dass der Hebel (192) in der ersten Kippposition, wenn der bewegliche Teil (190) in der Verriegelungsposition ist, in das Verriegelungsloch (193) eingeführt wird und die Feder (196) in einer Arbeitsposition ist; und so dass der Riegel (192) in der Löseposition aus dem Verriegelungsloch (193) entfernt wird, und die Feder (196) in einer Bereitschaftsposition ist;
    wobei der Körper (191) ferner einen oberen Druckabschnitt (194) in der Form einer Rampe, die in Richtung des zweiten Anschlusses (154) ansteigt, aufweist, und wobei der Kipphebel (160) mit einem unteren Druckabschnitt (195) in der Form einer Rampe versehen ist, die zu dem oberen Druckabschnitt (194) komplementär ist, der derart konfiguriert ist, dass der untere Druckabschnitt (195) in der zweiten Kippposition von dem oberen Druckabschnitt (194) entfernt wird, und wobei der untere Druckabschnitt (195), wenn der Hebel (160) sich von der zweiten Kippposition zu der ersten Kippposition bewegt, den oberen Druckabschnitt (194) drückt, wobei der bewegliche Teil (190) in die Verriegelungsposition getrieben wird.
  13. Vorrichtung (1) nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegliche Teil (190) ferner aufweist:
    - einen Federstab (198) mit einem ersten Ende, das auf der zweiten Seite des Körpers an dem Körper (191) befestigt ist, und einem zu dem ersten Ende entgegengesetzten zweiten Ende; und
    - einen Flansch (199), der an dem zweiten Ende an dem Federstab (198) befestigt ist;
    wobei die Feder (196) zwischen dem Flansch (199) und dem Körper (191) um den Federstab (198) herum angeordnet ist;
    wobei die Vorrichtung (1) ferner Führungsanschläge (197) aufweist, die eingerichtet sind, um die Bewegung des beweglichen Teils (190) entlang der geraden Linie zu führen; wobei die Feder (196) in der Arbeitsposition zwischen dem Flansch und den Führungsanschlägen (197) zusammengedrückt wird.
  14. Vorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Vakuumunterbrecher (150) vertikal angeordnet ist, so dass der zweite bewegliche Anschluss (154) derart angeordnet ist, dass er in der Vertikalrichtung beweglich ist, und wobei die Sicherung (103) oberhalb des Vakuumunterbrechers (150) angeordnet ist.
  15. Dreipoliger Sicherungssockel (2), der mit wenigstens einer elektrischen Sicherheitsvorrichtung (1) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 14 versehen ist.
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ES1243729Y1 (es) 2020-02-19 2021-04-28 Quijada Pablo Paunero Dispositivo de seguridad y base tripolar
ES1280434Y (es) 2021-09-14 2023-09-21 Ormazabal Y Cia S L U Base tripolar automatizada con dispositivo de maniobra y protección para cuadro de baja tensión y cuadro de baja tensión que incorpora dicha base tripolar automatizada
CN113990682B (zh) * 2021-11-12 2025-06-20 珠海富士智能股份有限公司 一种执行模组及通断控制装置

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ES1243729Y1 (es) 2021-04-28
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EP4109486C0 (de) 2024-12-18

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