EP4108917B1 - Vorrichtung und verfahren zur steuerung des drucks eines fluids in einem mechanisch gepumpten zweiphasigen fluidkreislauf - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und verfahren zur steuerung des drucks eines fluids in einem mechanisch gepumpten zweiphasigen fluidkreislauf Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4108917B1
EP4108917B1 EP22180651.6A EP22180651A EP4108917B1 EP 4108917 B1 EP4108917 B1 EP 4108917B1 EP 22180651 A EP22180651 A EP 22180651A EP 4108917 B1 EP4108917 B1 EP 4108917B1
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Prior art keywords
fluid
pressure
temperature
closed circuit
evaporator
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP4108917C0 (de
EP4108917A1 (de
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Rémi DOMPNIER
Giacomo SACCONE
Anthony DELMAS
Julien Hugon
Alain Chaix
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Thales SA
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Thales SA
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B15/00—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04B15/06—Pumps adapted to handle specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts for liquids near their boiling point, e.g. under subnormal pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B23/00—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect
    • F25B23/006—Machines, plants or systems, with a single mode of operation not covered by groups F25B1/00 - F25B21/00, e.g. using selective radiation effect boiling cooling systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of thermal control of dissipative equipment assemblies.
  • the invention relates to a device and method for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping. It is described in the field of satellite-type spacecraft but it applies to any two-phase fluid loop system with mechanical pumping.
  • a mechanically pumped two-phase fluid loop comprises a closed circuit in which a heat transfer fluid circulates, an evaporator, through which the fluid circulates and evaporates to a partially gaseous state (called two-phase) under the effect of the energy supplied by the dissipative equipment, a condenser, through which the fluid in partially gaseous form circulates at the inlet and is transformed into liquid fluid, a pump, arranged between the outlet of the condenser and the inlet of the evaporator, intended to set the fluid in motion in the closed circuit from the evaporator to the condenser in partially gaseous form and from the condenser to the evaporator in liquid form, a fluid reservoir connected to the closed circuit, intended to compensate for variations in the volume of fluid in the closed circuit.
  • saturation defines a condition in which a mixture of vapor and liquid can exist together at a given temperature and pressure.
  • the temperature at which vaporization (boiling) begins to occur for a given pressure is called the saturation temperature or boiling point.
  • the pressure at which vaporization (boiling) begins to occur for a given temperature is called the saturation pressure.
  • the saturation pressure When the vapor quality is 0, it is called a saturated liquid state.
  • the vapor quality is 1, it is called a saturated vapor state. Between these two states, it is called a vapor-liquid mixture.
  • an energy input does not change the temperature of the mixture but the quality of the vapor.
  • Subcooling is the difference between the temperature of the liquid fluid and the saturation temperature (set by pressure).
  • the need is to control such a two-phase fluid loop in order to respect certain operational constraints of the installed dissipative equipment and the subsystems constituting the loop.
  • one of the critical organs of a mechanical pumping loop is its pump.
  • the pump In order to guarantee its proper functioning over the lifetime of the satellite, the pump must operate with a liquid fluid only (without NCG -non-condensable gases- and NH3 vapor) and with a sufficiently high level of subcooling to eliminate any risk of cavitation. We will therefore speak in the rest of the document that the critical parameter is the minimum subcooling.
  • Dissipative equipment also has certain operational constraints, a maximum temperature but also a limitation on the thermal cycles that it undergoes (in number and amplitude) in order to limit the fatigue phenomena of its components.
  • the control of the pressure in the fluid loop is carried out by a very simple control which consists in setting a pressure level of the loop to a maximum value constrained by the temperature limit of the dissipative equipment installed on the satellite.
  • the fluid loop is either single-phase or two-phase.
  • this method does not guarantee minimum subcooling at the pump level, a phenomenon that is destructive to the subsystem.
  • This solution also does not guarantee limited temperature variation at the level of the dissipative equipment, to avoid temperature cycling problems.
  • Another disadvantage is related to the high thermoelastic constraints with the components in contact with both the saturated fluid and the subcooled fluid. Such a solution also does not guarantee isothermicity between the equipment located at the evaporator inlet and those at the outlet.
  • thermoelastic constraints at the exchangers Another important constraint linked to a high level of subcooling is represented by the thermoelastic constraints at the exchangers.
  • the invention aims to overcome all or part of the problems mentioned above by proposing a control of a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping, in particular for a space application.
  • Control laws make it possible to dynamically regulate the pressure within the loop in order to adjust the saturation temperature to limit the intensity of its variations over time or the difference between the saturation temperature and the liquid temperature (subcooling).
  • the invention proposes in particular a control of the loop with mechanical pumping to guarantee the conditions of fluid only liquid at the level of the pump (or any other equipment requiring a minimum of subcooling), with a level of subcooling sufficiently high to eliminate any risk of cavitation.
  • the device for measuring the temperature of the fluid in liquid form is a temperature sensor immersed in the closed circuit or arranged on an external wall of the closed circuit.
  • the device for measuring the pressure of the fluid at a point in the closed circuit is a pressure sensor arranged in the closed circuit or a temperature sensor of the fluid in partially gaseous form arranged in the closed circuit between the outlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the condenser or a temperature sensor arranged on the tank.
  • the pressure adjustment device in the closed circuit is a mechanical pressure control device or a device for heating the fluid in the tank.
  • the pressure adjustment step is carried out by heating the fluid, or by mechanical action, in the reservoir, so as to control a difference between the measured temperature value of the fluid in liquid form and a measured temperature value of the fluid in the reservoir.
  • the pressure adjustment step is carried out if a deviation between the measured value of the saturation temperature and a previously defined maximum value of the saturation temperature is greater than a previously defined threshold value.
  • FIG.1 schematically represents a device for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention
  • FIG.2 schematically represents an embodiment of a device for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention
  • FIG.3 There figure 3 represents a subcooling control law as a function of the temperature of the liquid fluid according to the invention
  • FIG.4 schematically represents another embodiment of a device for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention
  • FIG.5 There figure 5 represents the evolution of the saturation temperature as a function of time at a point in the two-phase fluid loop, without and with control of the temperature variation over time according to the invention
  • FIG.6 There figure 6 schematically represents a flowchart of the steps of the method for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a device 10 for controlling the pressure of a heat transfer fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention.
  • the two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping comprises a closed circuit 11 in which a heat transfer fluid 20 circulates.
  • the loop comprises at least one evaporator 12 comprising an inlet 13 and an outlet 14, through which the fluid circulates from the inlet 13 of the evaporator 12 in liquid form 20-liq to the outlet 14 of the evaporator 12, the evaporator 12 being configured to transform the fluid in liquid form 20-liq into fluid in partially gaseous form 20-g.
  • the evaporator is configured to recover, capture a certain quantity of thermal energy external to the loop, in particular from the dissipative equipment on the satellite.
  • the loop comprises at least one condenser 15 comprising an inlet 16 and an outlet 17, through which the fluid in partially gaseous form 20-g flows from the inlet 16 of the condenser 15 to the outlet 17 of the condenser 15, the condenser 15 being configured to transform the fluid in partially gaseous form 20-g into a fluid in liquid form 20-liq.
  • the condenser is configured to restore a certain quantity of thermal energy to the outside of the loop, for example to the cold space around the satellite.
  • the loop comprises a pump 18, arranged between the outlet 17 of the condenser 15 and the inlet 13 of the evaporator 12, intended to set the fluid in motion in the closed circuit 11 from the evaporator 12 to the condenser 15 in partially gaseous form 20-g, and from the condenser 15 to the evaporator 12 in liquid form 20-liq.
  • the loop comprises a fluid reservoir 19 connected to the closed circuit 11, intended to compensate for variations in the volume of fluid in the closed circuit 11, in relation to the quantity of vapor, due to evaporation, present in the closed circuit.
  • the control device 10 comprises a device 21 for measuring the temperature of the fluid in liquid form 20-liq capable of providing a measured value 22 of the temperature of the fluid in liquid form, a device 23 for measuring the pressure of the fluid at a point in the closed circuit 11 capable of providing a measured value 24 of the pressure of the fluid, a device 25 for adjusting the pressure in the closed circuit 11, a means 26 for controlling the device 25 for adjusting the pressure as a function of the measured value 24 of the pressure of the fluid and of a pressure setpoint value Pcons, said pressure setpoint value Pcons being variable according to the measured values 22 and 24 respectively of the temperature of the fluid in liquid form 20-liq and of the pressure in the loop.
  • the device according to the invention thus allows dynamic regulation of the pressure within the loop in order to adjust the difference between the saturation temperature (function of the internal pressure in the loop) and the temperature of the fluid. in liquid form upstream of the pump.
  • the pressure adjustment device 25 in the closed circuit 11 is activated according to the value 24 of the measured pressure of the fluid and a setpoint value Pcons, and the setpoint value Pcons of the pressure (target) is not a fixed value but depends on the value 22 of the temperature of the fluid in liquid form 20-liq.
  • FIG. 2 schematically represents an embodiment of a device 50 for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention.
  • the control device 50 comprises a device 28 for measuring the temperature of the fluid in the tank 19, capable of providing a measured value 29 of the temperature of the fluid in the tank 19, and a device 30 for heating the fluid in the tank 19.
  • the temperature of the tank 19 is directly linked to the saturation temperature, itself linked to the pressure in the circuit 11.
  • the servo-control means 26 is configured to activate the device for heating the fluid in the tank 19, so as to control a difference between the measured value 22 of the temperature of the fluid in liquid form 20-liq and the measured value 29 of the temperature of the fluid in the tank 19. This embodiment makes it possible to control the temperature difference between the temperature of the fluid and the temperature of the tank.
  • FIG 3 represents a subcooling control law (y-axis) as a function of the liquid fluid temperature (x-axis) according to the invention.
  • Subcooling quantifies a difference between the saturation temperature and the fluid temperature.
  • a subcooling level (level ⁇ ) is assigned.
  • the fluid used is ammonia.
  • the subcooling requirement increases when the fluid temperature decreases because the solubility of non-condensable gases (NCG) decreases when the temperature decreases.
  • NCG non-condensable gases
  • the choice of levels ⁇ and ⁇ is based on the subcooling required to eliminate the risk of cavitation at the pump and/or other sensitive components, as well as on the volume of the loop, the estimated amount of NCG in the loop, the operating temperature range.
  • the curve shown in the figure 3 is an example of a curve for the subcooling law. This curve is determined experimentally on the basis of a plurality of temperature measurements and corresponds to a given heat transfer fluid and a given set of equipment.
  • the subcooling control is achieved by heating the fluid in the tank to control the difference between the temperature of the fluid in the tank, therefore the pressure and saturation level in the loop, and the temperature of the fluid in liquid form, i.e. the temperature difference between the pump inlet and the tank.
  • FIG 4 schematically represents another embodiment of a device 60 for controlling the pressure of a fluid in a two-phase fluid loop with mechanical pumping according to the invention.
  • the control device 60 further comprises a calculator 40 of a difference 41 between the measured value 24 of the pressure in the circuit 11 at a time t and a maximum value 42 of the pressure in the circuit 11 measured over a previously defined period.
  • the servo-control means 26 is configured to activate the device 25 for adjusting the pressure in the closed circuit 11 if the difference 41 is greater than a previously defined threshold value 43.
  • This embodiment makes it possible to trigger a pressurization of the fluid in the closed circuit 11 to limit the variation in the saturation temperature. This entire control process can be carried out on the basis of saturation temperatures instead of pressures.
  • the objective is to limit the height of the saturation temperature variation over a defined period to limit thermal cycling of dissipative equipment.
  • FIG. 5 represents the evolution of the saturation temperature (ordinate axis) as a function of time (abscissa axis) at a point in the two-phase fluid loop, without (left part of the figure) and with (right part of the figure) a control of the temperature variation over time according to the invention.
  • the temperature of the equipment is closely linked to the saturation temperature (set by the pressure) in the loop.
  • the variations in the satellite environment generate variations in the saturation temperature and therefore in the temperature at the level of the dissipative equipment. These variations can cause fatigue problems due to the numerous cycles over the life of the satellite. This phenomenon is represented on the curve on the left of the figure 5 . Without controlling the temperature variation over time, we see that the saturation temperature oscillates between a maximum value 42 and minimum values. In this case, the gap 44 between the saturation temperature and the maximum value can be very significant.
  • the innovative solution of the invention is a law that limits the variation of the saturation temperature over a given period. For example, over a certain period, the maximum temperature of the fluid in the tank is observed. This is how the maximum value 42 can be determined.
  • a threshold value 43 between the measured value 29 of the temperature of the fluid in the tank (saturation temperature) and the maximum value 42 is defined.
  • the threshold value 43 is chosen according to the fatigue constraints of the dissipative equipment. The sliding duration over which this control is carried out depends on the type of satellite in its orbit and the dissipative equipment to be controlled.
  • the control device 60 is configured to observe at regular intervals the current tank temperature 29 and determine whether the current difference 41 between the current tank temperature 29 and the maximum temperature 42 is less than the threshold value 43. If it is lower, this means that the current tank temperature 29 is within the acceptable temperature zone. If it is higher, in order to avoid excessive thermal variations in the loop, the pressure adjustment device 25 in the closed circuit 11 is activated. In other words, the pressurization in the loop is activated.
  • the device 21 for measuring the temperature of the fluid in liquid form 20-liq is a temperature sensor immersed in the closed circuit 11 or arranged on an external wall of the closed circuit 11.
  • the device 23 for measuring the pressure of the fluid at a point in the closed circuit 11 is a pressure sensor arranged in the closed circuit 11, at any location in the closed circuit 11, or a temperature sensor for the fluid in partially gaseous form 20-g arranged in the closed circuit 11 between the outlet 14 of the evaporator 12 and the inlet 16 of the condenser 15, that is to say in the so-called two-phase zone, or again, in the case of the use of a two-phase tank 19, a temperature sensor of the fluid in the tank 19 of the circuit 11.
  • the pressure adjustment device 25 in the closed circuit 11 is a mechanical pressure control device, for example a piston or a membrane, or a device for heating the fluid in the reservoir 19.
  • Temperature and pressure measurement steps 101 and 102 can be performed simultaneously or sequentially.
  • the step 103 of adjusting the pressure is carried out by heating 104 of the fluid, or by mechanical action, in the reservoir 19, so as to control a difference between the measured value 22 of the temperature of the fluid in liquid form and the measured values 29 and 42 of the temperature of the fluid in the two-phase reservoir 19.
  • the step 103 of adjusting the pressure is carried out if a difference 41 between the measured value 22 of the temperature of the fluid in liquid form and a maximum value 42 of the temperature of the fluid in the two-phase tank 19 previously defined is greater than a threshold value 43 previously defined.
  • the regulation is based directly on parameters involved in the operational constraints of the dissipative equipment or the satellite itself.
  • the solution thus offers a regulation that guarantees the good health of the fluid loop but also of the dissipative equipment while optimizing the thermal transport capacities of the system.
  • the invention provides dynamic control of saturation in the fluid loop. This is called active control because the pressure adjustment in the closed circuit is done in real time based on the observed parameters and the setpoint values of the implemented laws.
  • the invention also makes it possible to achieve dynamic control of subcooling by controlling a difference between the current temperature of the fluid in liquid form and that of the fluid in the tank.
  • This dynamic control of subcooling is achieved by reheating the fluid in the tank, not constantly, but in accordance with the temperature of the fluid in liquid form in the closed circuit.
  • the invention also makes it possible to control the amplitude of the temperature cycling of the equipment.
  • the invention ensures active control of the solubility level of NCGs by taking into account subcooling.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Vorrichtung (10, 50, 60) zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife, wobei die mechanisch gepumpte Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen geschlossenen Kreislauf (11), in dem ein Wärmeträgerfluid (20) zirkuliert;
    - mindestens einen Verdampfer (12) umfassend einen Einlass (13) und einen Auslass (14), durch den das Fluid vom Einlass (13) des Verdampfers (12) in flüssiger Form (20-liq) zum Auslass (14) des Verdampfers (12) zirkuliert, wobei der Verdampfer (12) zum Umwandeln des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq) in ein Fluid in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) konfiguriert ist;
    - mindestens einen Kondensator (15) umfassend einen Einlass (16) und einen Auslass (17), durch den das Fluid in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) vom Einlass (16) des Kondensators (15) zum Auslass (17) des Kondensators (15) zirkuliert, wobei der Kondensator (15) zum Umwandeln des Fluids in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) in ein Fluid in flüssiger Form (20-liq) konfiguriert ist;
    - eine Pumpe (18), die zwischen dem Auslass (17) des Kondensators (15) und dem Einlass (13) des Verdampfers (12) angeordnet ist, die dazu dient, das Fluid im geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) vom Verdampfer (12) zum Kondensator (15) in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) und vom Kondensator (15) zum Verdampfer (12) in flüssiger Form (20-liq) zu bewegen;
    - ein Fluidreservoir (19), das mit dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) verbunden ist, das dazu dient, Änderungen des Fluidvolumens im geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) zu kompensieren;
    wobei die Steuervorrichtung (10) Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Vorrichtung (21) zum Messen der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq), die geeignet ist, einen Messwert (22) einer Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form bereitzustellen;
    - eine Vorrichtung (23) zum Messen des Fluiddrucks an einem Punkt des geschlossenen Kreislaufs (11), die geeignet ist, einen Messwert (24) eines Drucks des Fluids bereitzustellen;
    - eine Vorrichtung (25) zum Einstellen des Drucks in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11);
    - ein Regelungsmittel (26) für die Vorrichtung (25) zum Einstellen des Drucks oder der Sättigungstemperatur in Abhängigkeit vom Messwert (24, 29) des Fluiddrucks oder der Sättigungstemperatur und von einem Sollwert (Pcons, Tcons) des Drucks oder der Sättigungstemperatur, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Sollwert des Drucks (Pcons) oder der Sättigungstemperatur (Tcons) gemäß dem Messwert (22) der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq) und eines Maximalwerts (42) der Temperatur des Reservoirs (19) oder des Maximaldrucks in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) über eine zuvor definierte Periode variabel ist.
  2. Vorrichtung (50) zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach Anspruch 1, die ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - eine Vorrichtung (28) zum Messen der Temperatur des Fluids in dem Reservoir (19), die geeignet ist, einen Messwert (29) der Temperatur des Fluids in dem Reservoir (19) bereitzustellen,
    - eine Vorrichtung (30) zum Erwärmen des Fluids in dem Reservoir (19),
    und wobei das Regelungsmittel (26) zum Aktivieren der Erwärmungsvorrichtung für das Fluid in dem Reservoir (19) konfiguriert ist, um eine Abweichung zwischen dem Messwert (22) der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq) und dem Messwert (29) der Temperatur des Fluids in dem Reservoir (19) zu regeln.
  3. Vorrichtung (60) zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, die ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen Rechner (40) für eine Abweichung (41) zwischen dem Messwert (29, 24) der Sättigungstemperatur, oder des Drucks in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11), und einem zuvor definierten Maximalwert (42) der Sättigungstemperatur, oder des Drucks in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11),
    und wobei das Regelungsmittel (26) zum Aktivieren der Vorrichtung (25) zum Einstellen des Drucks in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) konfiguriert ist, wenn die Abweichung (41) größer als ein zuvor definierter Schwellenwert (43) ist.
  4. Vorrichtung (10, 50, 60) zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei die Vorrichtung (21) zum Messen der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq) ein Temperatursensor ist, der in den geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) eingetaucht oder an einer Außenwand des geschlossenen Kreislaufs (11) angeordnet ist.
  5. Vorrichtung (10, 50, 60) zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Vorrichtung (23) zum Messen des Drucks des Fluids an einem Punkt des geschlossenen Kreislaufs (11) ein in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) angeordneter Drucksensor oder ein Temperatursensor für das Fluid in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) ist, der in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) zwischen dem Auslass (14) des Verdampfers (12) und dem Einlass (16) des Kondensators (15) angeordnet ist, oder ein an dem Reservoir (19) angeordneter Temperatursensor ist.
  6. Vorrichtung (10, 50, 60) zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, wobei die Vorrichtung (25) zum Einstellen des Drucks in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) eine mechanische Drucksteuervorrichtung oder eine Vorrichtung zum Erwärmen des Fluids in dem Reservoir (19) ist.
  7. Verfahren zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife, wobei die mechanisch gepumpte Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen geschlossenen Kreislauf (11), in dem ein Wärmeträgerfluid (20) zirkuliert;
    - mindestens einen Verdampfer (12) umfassend einen Einlass (13) und einen Auslass (14), durch den das Fluid vom Einlass (13) des Verdampfers (12) in flüssiger Form (20-liq) zum Auslass (14) des Verdampfers (12) zirkuliert, wobei der Verdampfer (12) zum Umwandeln des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq) in ein Fluid in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) konfiguriert ist;
    - mindestens einen Kondensator (15) umfassend einen Einlass (16) und einen Auslass (17), durch den das Fluid in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) vom Einlass (16) des Kondensators (15) zum Auslass (17) des Kondensators (15) zirkuliert, wobei der Kondensator (15) zum Umwandeln des Fluids in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) in ein Fluid in flüssiger (20-liq) konfiguriert ist;
    - eine Pumpe (18), die zwischen dem Auslass (17) des Kondensators (15) und dem Einlass (13) des Verdampfers (12) angeordnet ist, die dazu dient, das Fluid im geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) vom Verdampfer (12) zum Kondensator (15) in teilweise gasförmiger Form (20-g) und vom Kondensator (15) zum Verdampfer (12) in flüssiger Form (20-liq) zu bewegen;
    - ein Fluidreservoir (19), das mit dem geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) verbunden ist, das dazu dient, die Änderungen eines Fluidvolumens im geschlossenen Kreislauf (11) zu kompensieren;
    - einen Schritt (101) des Messens der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form (20-liq), der einen Messwert (22) der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form bereitstellt;
    - einen Schritt (102) des Messens des Drucks oder der Sättigungstemperatur des Fluids in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf, der einen Messwert (24) des Drucks des Fluids oder der Sättigungstemperatur (29) bereitstellt;
    - einen Schritt (103) des Einstellens des Drucks oder der Sättigungstemperatur in dem geschlossenen Kreislauf in Abhängigkeit vom Messwert (24) des Fluiddrucks oder der Sättigungstemperatur und von einem Sollwert (Pcons, Tcons) des Drucks, oder der Temperatur, wobei der Sollwert (Pcons, Tcons) des Drucks, oder der Temperatur, in Abhängigkeit vom Messwert (22) der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form und dem Sättigungsdruck oder der Sättigungstemperatur, über einen zuvor definierten Zeitraum variabel ist.
  8. Verfahren zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach Anspruch 7, wobei der Schritt (103) des Einstellens des Drucks durch Erwärmen (104) des Fluids oder durch mechanische Einwirkung in dem Reservoir (19) durchgeführt wird, um eine Abweichung zwischen dem Messwert (22) der Temperatur des Fluids in flüssiger Form und einem Messwert (29) der Temperatur des Fluids in dem Reservoir (19) zu steuern.
  9. Verfahren zum Steuern des Drucks eines Fluids in einer mechanisch gepumpten Zweiphasen-Fluidschleife nach einem von Ansprüchen 7 oder 8, wobei der Schritt (103) des Einstellens des Drucks durchgeführt wird, wenn eine Abweichung (41) zwischen dem Messwert (29) der Sättigungstemperatur und einem zuvor definierten Maximalwert (42) der Sättigungstemperatur größer ist als ein zuvor definierter Schwellenwert (43).
EP22180651.6A 2021-06-24 2022-06-23 Vorrichtung und verfahren zur steuerung des drucks eines fluids in einem mechanisch gepumpten zweiphasigen fluidkreislauf Active EP4108917B1 (de)

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FR2106761A FR3124555B1 (fr) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Dispositif et procédé de contrôle de la pression d’un fluide dans une boucle fluide diphasique à pompage mécanique

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US10591221B1 (en) * 2017-04-04 2020-03-17 Mainstream Engineering Corporation Advanced cooling system using throttled internal cooling passage flow for a window assembly, and methods of fabrication and use thereof
US10775110B2 (en) * 2018-04-12 2020-09-15 Rolls-Royce North American Technologies, Inc. Tight temperature control at a thermal load with a two phase pumped loop, optionally augmented with a vapor compression cycle
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ES2994811T3 (en) 2025-01-31
FR3124555A1 (fr) 2022-12-30
FR3124555B1 (fr) 2023-09-15
EP4108917A1 (de) 2022-12-28

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