EP4107812A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von hochfrequenztechnischen funktionsstrukturen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von hochfrequenztechnischen funktionsstrukturenInfo
- Publication number
- EP4107812A1 EP4107812A1 EP21706216.5A EP21706216A EP4107812A1 EP 4107812 A1 EP4107812 A1 EP 4107812A1 EP 21706216 A EP21706216 A EP 21706216A EP 4107812 A1 EP4107812 A1 EP 4107812A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base body
- dispersion
- coating
- frequency
- nanoparticles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
- H01P11/001—Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/02—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by spraying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/18—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by dipping
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D1/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D1/26—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials performed by applying the liquid or other fluent material from an outlet device in contact with, or almost in contact with, the surface
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/02—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by baking
- B05D3/0254—After-treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
- B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
- B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
- B05D3/065—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/52—Electrically conductive inks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/24—Electrically-conducting paints
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing waveguides or resonators, lines, or other devices of the waveguide type
- H01P11/001—Manufacturing waveguides or transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P11/002—Manufacturing hollow waveguides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing high-frequency functional structures.
- Such a functional structure is, for example, a waveguide for guiding electromagnetic waves.
- Electromagnetic waves especially high frequency signals, can propagate either in a room or in waveguide devices.
- Such waveguide devices provide conductive structures that encompass a spatial area and thus form a spatial path or channel in order to guide the electromagnetic waves or high frequency signals therein or to manipulate them in the space or frequency range.
- the component In the manufacture of high-frequency components, the component is made up of two halves, especially when it comes to generating cavities.
- the cavities that are created in this way result in the actual functionality of the high-frequency assembly.
- This can be, for example, waveguides, so-called waveguides, but also filters, Re sonators, couplers or antennas.
- Such high-frequency components can also be produced from 3D-printed or injection-molded plastic base bodies. For their later function they have to be provided with a conductive coating.
- the state of the art is electroplating or electroless plating with metals.
- the electrical conductivity and nature of the component surface that interacts with the electromagnetic wave are essential; in particular, an inner wall forming the cavity must be electrically conductive.
- the manufacture of the components from metal or electrically conductive base material is not only cost-intensive, but also complex, in particular this makes cost-intensive CNC milling processes necessary.
- the approach has already been pursued in the prior art to manufacture such components from plastic instead and only make them conductive in a subsequent step.
- Known process proposals provide chemical processes such as galvanic or electroless coating of the base body surface with metals.
- Electroless plating restricts the degrees of freedom in the design of high-frequency components less than electroplating.
- the material for producing the base body is preferably electrically non-conductive, but an electrically conductive or semiconducting material could just as well be used for the production of the base body for the method execution.
- the necessary electrically conductive coating of the base body is achieved according to the invention in that at least part, preferably the entire surface of the base body is wetted with an electrically conductive dispersion containing microparticles and / or nanoparticles.
- the dispersion can be an ink with microparticles or nanoparticles.
- the (ink) materials used are preferably those that have high conductivities.
- the dispersion or ink is preferably water-based, and an organic release agent can also be provided. Alternatively or additionally, a solvent can be added.
- Conceivable nanoparticles are aluminum, silver, gold or copper particles or a mixture of these.
- the dispersion or ink is matched to the surface energy of the base material used, for example plastic, so that sufficient wetting of the surface is favored. Furthermore, the viscosity of the dispersion or of the ink material can be matched to the smallest openings occurring in the base body structure, so that wetting by the dispersion is ensured.
- the surface of the base body is wetted with the ink material and a conductive coating is formed through optional post-treatment, preferably sintering. That new processes thus represent an alternative to chemical, electroless coating.
- the base material is functionalized, ie it becomes a high frequency component by being completely or partially coated with conductive ink.
- the present process instead relies on a dispersion for the coating that physically wets the base body and through subsequent treatment forms a conductive coating.
- a smoother surface structure of the coated base body can be achieved by the process according to the invention, which has significant advantages, particularly in the case of components in high-frequency technology.
- the smoother the surface of the component the better the later performance of the component in high-frequency applications.
- the chemical process of existing processes often leads to a disadvantageous roughening of the body surface due to the required pretreatment.
- the method according to the invention can be used, for example, for the production of RF lines, antennas, e.g. horn or helix antennas, as well as waveguides, filters, resonators, couplers or other passive RF components, the functional structure of these components is formed by the coated base body. Some of these functional structures require a spatial area enclosed by conductive structures for guiding the electromagnetic waves. In this case, the base body is carried out with appropriate structures at the points required for the high-frequency technical function, where it is required for mechanical or electrical function or only slightly restricts it.
- the application and wetting is preferably carried out by completely immersing the base body in an immersion bath which contains the corresponding dispersion. In principle, it is sufficient to immerse the base body once. A better distribution of the dispersion around or through the base body, in particular in an optionally present cavity, is ensured by repeated immersion.
- An ultrasonic bath containing the dispersion is preferably used. After immersion in the immersion bath, the main body can be briefly shaken to remove excess dispersion.
- the dispersion can also be applied using an aerosol chamber, in which the dispersion, which is atomized into droplets, wets the base body. It is also possible to coat or wet the base body with the dispersion by spraying or pouring it over it.
- the quality of the coating and its conductivity can be produced or improved by thermal aftertreatment of the base body surface or the adhering micro- or nanoparticles.
- Sintering in an oven, UV treatment, the supply of hot air or infrared radiation are ideal for this.
- a thermal aftertreatment can have a positive effect on the electrical conductivity of the applied coating.
- the subsequent sintering of the micro- or nanoparticles, for. B. in a thermal oven a high conductivity of the resulting surface coating device is achieved.
- the sintering temperature of the ink material is matched to the glass transition temperature of the plastic used so that it is not damaged.
- a surface pretreatment of the base body is carried out before the application of the dispersion in order, in particular, to achieve surface cleaning or activation for optimized adhesion of the coating.
- the corresponding dispersion can reach all of the inner wall surfaces to be coated.
- the viscosity of the dispersion or of the ink material used should be matched to the smallest openings occurring in the base body structure, so that circulation is ensured.
- walls corresponding to the side walls of a substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) known from the prior art can be designed to be interrupted, since these openings do not impair the high-frequency function, which is also known in the prior art.
- SIW substrate integrated waveguide
- the narrow-sided walls of the cavity are slotted, while the broad-sided walls of the rectangular hollow body can be out leads without corresponding openings.
- the base body can consist of an electrically non-conductive material. Ceramic or plastic have proven to be particularly suitable here.
- the base body can then be produced using an additive process, for example using SLA 3D printing. Production by means of an injection molding process is also conceivable.
- the invention also includes a corresponding functional structure for a component of high-frequency technology that was produced by means of the method according to the invention. Accordingly, the same advantages and properties result for the functional structure as have already been explained with reference to the method according to the invention, which is why a repetitive description is dispensed with at this point. Further advantages and properties of the invention are to be shown below with the aid of some examples of high-frequency components which were produced by means of the method according to the invention. Show it:
- Fig. 1 a helix produced by the method according to the invention ne
- Fig. 2 a rectangular shape produced by means of the method according to the invention
- Fig. 3 a groove produced by means of the method according to the invention
- Fig. 5 another produced by means of the method according to the invention
- Fig. 6 a hollow conductor produced by means of the method according to the invention
- FIG. 1 shows a helix antenna 1 a according to the invention, manufactured according to the method according to the invention.
- the helix antenna comprises a spiral helix 2 and a circular flat base 3 with a central opening 4 through which the lower end 5 of the helix is guided.
- Helix 2 and base 3 are plastic-based, but according to the invention an electrically conductive ink containing nanoparticles was applied to their surfaces.
- helix 2 and base area 3 were initially created using an additive process such as, for. B. SLA 3D printing is produced and configured on the underside of the base 3 as a standard-compliant high-frequency connector, for example a waveguide flange.
- FIG. 2 shows a horn antenna 1b, which consists of a base body 2 and has a horn opening with a rectangular cross-sectional profile.
- Inner walls 3 and outer walls 5 are conductively coated according to the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 3 shows a grooved horn antenna 1c.
- the component differs from the rectangular horn antenna 1b by a horn opening with a round cross-sectional profile 2 and a transition 5 to a standard-compliant connection with a rectangular cross-section.
- the inner wall of the horn opening has a stepped or grooved surface 3.
- FIG. 4 shows a waveguide slot antenna 1 d according to the invention, manufactured and coated in a conductive manner according to the method according to the invention.
- the Hohlleiterschlitzan antenna consists of a base body 2 with a rectangular cross-sectional profile, in the additive manufacturing of which remains in certain outer walls 5 openings 4 ver, so that the intended function of radiating an electromagnetic wave initially guided inside Ren is achieved.
- FIG. 5 shows a waveguide slot antenna 1e according to the invention, manufactured and conductively coated according to the method according to the invention, the basic structure of which is similar to the waveguide slot antenna 1d, but the base body material was only built up where it is necessary for the high-frequency technical function (6), which can also be carried out advantageously by means of the method according to the invention.
- FIG. 6 shows a waveguide 1f according to the invention for high-frequency technology, manufactured according to the method according to the invention.
- the waveguide 1f essentially comprises a hollow body with a rectangular profile as the base body 2, the inner walls 3 of which form the necessary cavity for guiding electromagnetic waves. Similar to the waveguide slot antenna 1e, Grundkör permaterial 6 is only built up where it is necessary for the high-frequency function.
- FIG. 7 shows a functional structure 1g, which is constructed similarly to the waveguide 1f, but provides a path that is curved in space for the electromagnetic waves. One end is designed to correspond to a horn antenna 1b.
- the method according to the invention for electrically conductive coating of the functional structure is also used here.
- FIG. 8 shows a coupler 1h for high-frequency technology, the basic structure of which is similar to two waveguides 1f touching one another on their side walls. Along this contact surface, openings between the two waveguides are functionally necessary in order to enable the electromagnetic waves to be coupled over from one waveguide to the other. All other enclosing conductive structures are similar to the waveguide 1f only constructed where they are necessary for the guidance of the electromagnetic waves.
- the method according to the invention for electrically conductive coating of the surface of the coupler 1h is also used here.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemically Coating (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
- Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020104038.5A DE102020104038A1 (de) | 2020-02-17 | 2020-02-17 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochfrequenztechnischen Funktionsstrukturen |
| PCT/EP2021/053642 WO2021165201A1 (de) | 2020-02-17 | 2021-02-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochfrequenztechnischen funktionsstrukturen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4107812A1 true EP4107812A1 (de) | 2022-12-28 |
Family
ID=74666701
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21706216.5A Pending EP4107812A1 (de) | 2020-02-17 | 2021-02-15 | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochfrequenztechnischen funktionsstrukturen |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230070213A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4107812A1 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR20220137763A (de) |
| CN (1) | CN115176383A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020104038A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021165201A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102022113327A1 (de) | 2022-05-25 | 2023-11-30 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts | Antennenstruktur |
| DE102022132828A1 (de) | 2022-12-09 | 2024-06-20 | Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Körperschaft des öffentlichen Rechts | Antennenarray |
Family Cites Families (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0877713B1 (de) * | 1996-01-29 | 2005-02-16 | Electrochemicals Inc. | Ultraschallverwendung zum mischen von behandlungszusammensetzungen für durchgehenden löcher |
| US7868832B2 (en) * | 2004-06-10 | 2011-01-11 | Galtronics Corporation Ltd. | Three dimensional antennas formed using wet conductive materials and methods for production |
| KR101066419B1 (ko) | 2009-05-22 | 2011-09-23 | 한국조폐공사 | 전자기 밴드갭 패턴, 그 제조방법 및 전자기 밴드갭 패턴을 이용한 보안제품 |
| CN102754223B (zh) * | 2010-04-13 | 2015-05-20 | 京瓷株式会社 | 太阳能电池元件及其制造方法 |
| JP5763775B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-02 | 2015-08-12 | エンパイア テクノロジー ディベロップメント エルエルシー | 絶縁されたスルーシリコンバイアを備えた半導体構造 |
| CN103855451B (zh) * | 2012-12-05 | 2017-07-21 | 上海贝尔股份有限公司 | 用于微波系统的表面喷涂导体的耦合结构及其制造方法 |
| US20150201500A1 (en) * | 2014-01-12 | 2015-07-16 | Zohar SHINAR | System, device, and method of three-dimensional printing |
| US20160057866A1 (en) * | 2014-08-19 | 2016-02-25 | Jsr Corporation | Metal film forming method and conductive ink used in said method |
| US10086432B2 (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2018-10-02 | Washington State University | Three dimensional sub-mm wavelength sub-THz frequency antennas on flexible and UV-curable dielectric using printed electronic metal traces |
| US9985344B2 (en) * | 2014-12-23 | 2018-05-29 | Te Connectivity Corporation | Electronic article and process of producing an electronic article |
| US10839279B2 (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2020-11-17 | Vorbeck Materials Corp. | Transponder fabrication methods |
| EP3353850A4 (de) * | 2015-09-25 | 2019-05-15 | Bae Systems Australia Limited | Hf-struktur und verfahren zur bildung einer hf-struktur |
| IL241951B (en) * | 2015-10-07 | 2018-04-30 | Israel Aerospace Ind Ltd | Galvo components, production methods and their organizations |
| KR20170067947A (ko) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-06-19 | 에스케이하이닉스 주식회사 | 측면 차폐부를 가지는 반도체 패키지 및 제조 방법 |
| FR3048556B1 (fr) | 2016-03-04 | 2018-03-02 | Swissto 12 Sa | Procede de fabrication additive d'un guide d'onde ainsi que dispositifs a guide d'onde fabriques selon ce procede |
| CN106356607A (zh) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-25 | 周峰 | 复合结构的射频器件的制造方法及其复合结构射频材料 |
| WO2018063388A1 (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-05 | Intel Corporation | Methods for conductively coating millimeter waveguides |
| EP3707970A1 (de) | 2017-11-10 | 2020-09-16 | Raytheon Company | Faraday-abgrenzung mit technologie zur generativen fertigung (amt) in hochfrequenzschaltungen |
| JP7425432B2 (ja) * | 2019-01-28 | 2024-01-31 | 国立研究開発法人宇宙航空研究開発機構 | メッシュ構造体およびその製造方法、アンテナ反射鏡、電磁シールド材、導波管 |
-
2020
- 2020-02-17 DE DE102020104038.5A patent/DE102020104038A1/de active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-02-15 WO PCT/EP2021/053642 patent/WO2021165201A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2021-02-15 KR KR1020227032271A patent/KR20220137763A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2021-02-15 EP EP21706216.5A patent/EP4107812A1/de active Pending
- 2021-02-15 CN CN202180014943.8A patent/CN115176383A/zh active Pending
- 2021-02-15 US US17/800,130 patent/US20230070213A1/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| LOMAKIN KONSTANTIN ET AL: "SLA-Printed 3-D Waveguide Paths for E-Band Using Electroless Silver Plating", IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS, PACKAGING AND MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY, IEEE, USA, vol. 9, no. 12, 1 December 2019 (2019-12-01), pages 2476 - 2481, XP011759593, ISSN: 2156-3950, [retrieved on 20191209], DOI: 10.1109/TCPMT.2019.2927671 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN115176383A (zh) | 2022-10-11 |
| WO2021165201A1 (de) | 2021-08-26 |
| US20230070213A1 (en) | 2023-03-09 |
| DE102020104038A1 (de) | 2021-08-19 |
| KR20220137763A (ko) | 2022-10-12 |
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