EP4102133A1 - Grille refroidie par liquide dans un brûleur de combustible solide - Google Patents

Grille refroidie par liquide dans un brûleur de combustible solide Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4102133A1
EP4102133A1 EP22176987.0A EP22176987A EP4102133A1 EP 4102133 A1 EP4102133 A1 EP 4102133A1 EP 22176987 A EP22176987 A EP 22176987A EP 4102133 A1 EP4102133 A1 EP 4102133A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
stationary
cooling
liquid
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22176987.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Vesa Kalliokoski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ariterm Service Oy
Original Assignee
Ariterm Service Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ariterm Service Oy filed Critical Ariterm Service Oy
Publication of EP4102133A1 publication Critical patent/EP4102133A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H3/00—Grates with hollow bars
    • F23H3/02—Grates with hollow bars internally cooled
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/12—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed transversely to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/14—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed transversely to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2700/00—Grates characterised by special features or applications
    • F23H2700/003—Stepped grates with rotatable or slidable gratebars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/03021—Liquid cooled grates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a liquid-cooled grate in a solid-fuel burner as defined in the preamble of claim 1.
  • the solution according to the invention is well suited for use in the types of burners using solid fuel, wherein the solid fuel is fed into the burner continuously as an essentially even infeed, e.g. on a screw conveyor.
  • the fuel is preferably mainly wood pellets or wood chips.
  • the burner in which the wood pellets or wood chips are used can also be called a bioburner.
  • Cooling solutions with water circulation have also been used for cooling a grate.
  • One such solution is disclosed in European patent no. EP1001218 B1 , which does not, however, relate to the grate of a conventional bioburner, but instead to the grate of a large refuse incineration boiler.
  • the solution according to the patent comprises a downward-staggered grate of large size, in which a number of different grate plates are used. In the top part of the grate are movable grate plates and stationary grate plates disposed in alternate rows one above the other. Both are cooled with water.
  • the purpose of this invention is to eliminate the aforementioned drawbacks and to provide a dependable, operationally reliable liquid-cooled grate for a solid-fuel burner, which grate has a long service life and is as maintenance-free as possible.
  • the liquid-cooled grate according to the invention is characterized by what is disclosed in the characterization part of claim 1.
  • Other embodiments of the invention are characterized by what is disclosed in the other claims.
  • the invention relates to a liquid-cooled grate in a solid-fuel burner, the grate comprising an input aperture for fuel, a fan, and a circulation system for the cooling fluid, and which grate comprises one or more stationary grate levels formed by a stationary grate plate and one or more movable grate levels formed by a movable grate plate, which grate levels are disposed to overlap one above another.
  • each liquid-cooled stationary grate plate is adapted to cool the movable grate plates that are below it and/or above it that do not have liquid cooling.
  • One advantage, among others, of the solution according to the invention is that by means of liquid cooling, for example by means of water cooling, the grate elements withstand use better, in which case their service life lengthens.
  • One advantage is also that the cooling does not require the circulation of flue gases, so there is no risk of ash getting into the circulation of the flue gases, in which case the ash could clog the air space below the grate structure and thus prevent the flow of oxygen, whereby the impure combustion would also have environmental problems and emission problems.
  • a further advantage, especially with respect to the aforementioned European patent, is that the grate solution according to the invention is considerably simpler and more maintenance-free.
  • a smaller space requirement makes better cooling of the movable grate plates possible, because larger cooling liquid pipes can be placed under the grate, in which case the cooling efficiency improves, and therefore also the movable grate plates can be cooled better by means of the stationary grate plates that are above and below the movable grate plates.
  • Figs. 1 and 2 present a side view of one solid-fuel burner 1 according to the invention, more concisely burner 1, partly sectioned at its rim in such a way that the combustion chamber is visible at the point of the grate 1a of the burner 1.
  • the burner 1 comprises a boiler 1b, an input aperture 4 for the solid fuel, a screw conveyor 4a for fuel with a drive motor 4b, one or more igniters 4c and a fan 5 blowing air into the combustion chamber.
  • the solid fuel can be e.g. wood-based chips or pellets.
  • the combustion chamber of the burner 1 comprises a plurality of stationary, liquid-cooled grate plates 2 and a plurality of moving grate plates 3 as well as a moving mechanism 8 for the moving grate plates 3, the drive device 10 of which moving mechanism is preferably outside the burner 1 at the front end of the burner, i.e. at the first end.
  • the liquid cooling can be e.g. water cooling and the cooling liquid used can be water.
  • the grate plates 2 and 3 form the part of the grate 1a supporting and moving the fuel and ash.
  • the burner 1 comprises an input pipe 6 and an output pipe 7 for the circulation of the cooling liquid of the liquid-cooled grate plates 2.
  • the circulation piping of the cooling liquid e.g. water
  • the input pipe 6 and output pipe 7 for cooling liquid are preferably connected to the liquid cooling system of the burner 1, which system is not presented in the drawings for the sake of clarity.
  • the cooling liquid is arranged to be directed from the cooling system of the burner 1 to the input pipe 6 for the cooling liquid, and from the input pipe 6 into the cooling ducts 9 of the stationary grate plates 2, cooling the stationary grate plates 2, and that the cooling liquid is arranged to exit back to the cooling system of the burner 1 via the output pipe 7 of the cooling system.
  • the grate plates 2 and 3 can be of different widths, but suitably they are of equal height, i.e. they are equally thick in the vertical direction.
  • the grate plates 2 and 3 are placed in the grate 1a row by row in such a way that closest to the fuel input end is the topmost row of grate plates situated side by side, which grate plates are preferably fixed, i.e. stationary, grate plates 2.
  • grate plates are preferably fixed, i.e. stationary, grate plates 2.
  • the next row of grate plates situated side by side which are now preferably movable grate plates 3, which are not provided with liquid cooling ducts or a liquid cooling space, so that there is no circulation of the cooling liquid inside them or in connection with them.
  • the third row, below and overlapping the second row is again a row of liquid-cooled fixed grate plates 2, and so on, always with the next row below and overlapping the previous row and farther away from it going towards the second end of the burner 1.
  • each row comprised of grate plates 2, 3 forms its own grate level.
  • a grate 1a is formed that is overlapping and staggered downwards in the direction of travel of the fuel, wherein the stationary grate plates 2 of every second row are provided with liquid cooling implemented with liquid cooling ducts 9, i.e. with a circulation of cooling liquid, and the moving grate plates 3 between them of every other row do not contain liquid cooling ducts 9, nor therefore a circulation of cooling liquid.
  • Each grate row forming a grate level is disposed in the grate 1a transverse to the longitudinal axis of the boiler 1b, i.e. at the same time in the transverse direction of the grate 1a, and the lower row always closer to the second end of the burner 1.
  • the solid fuel of the burner 1 is fed via the fuel input aperture 4 to a screw conveyor 4a, which conveys the solid fuel to the combustion chamber of the burner 1 for burning, in which combustion chamber the fuel is first guided to the topmost stationary grate plates 2 of the burner 1.
  • the burnt solid fuel is transferred in the combustion chamber of the burner 1 preferably by means of the movable grate plates 3, which move between the stationary grate plates 2 in the direction of the stationary grate plates 2, i.e. towards the second end of the burner 1.
  • the reciprocating movement of the movable grate plates 3 is arranged by means of a moving mechanism 8, the first ends of which are connected to the end parts of the movable grate plates 3 and the second end of which to the drive device 10 of the moving mechanism 8, which drive device is preferably e.g. a spindle motor or a hydraulic cylinder or pneumatic cylinder.
  • the movable grate plates 3 are positioned between the stationary grate plates 2, whereby the cooling liquid flowing in the cooling ducts 9 of the stationary grate plates 2 also preferably cools the movable grate plates 3 via their upper and lower surfaces.
  • Fig. 2 presents the positioning of the stationary grate plates 2 and the movable grate plates 3 of the burner 1 according to the invention in the second extreme position of the movable grate plates 3, in which the moving mechanism 8 of the movable grate plates 3 is also in its second extreme position.
  • the ash produced by the burner 1 can be guided away from the grate 1a and the burner 1 via the second end of the burner.
  • Figs. 3-5 present one stationary grate plate 2 of a burner 1 according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 presents the frame part 2a of a grate plate 2 with its cooling liquid ducts 9
  • Fig. 4 presents the cover plate 11 to be placed onto the ducts 9
  • Fig. 5 the grate plate 2 assembled as a package with the cover 11 attached to the frame part 2a.
  • Fig. 3 shows one stationary grate plate 2 of the burner 1 according to the invention and its cooling duct 9, which is arranged to run along a tortuous path inside the frame part 2 and to cover as large a surface area as possible of the second planar surface of the grate plate 2, preferably of the top surface.
  • the shape of the route, including the bends, of the duct 9 is implemented with mutually parallel, preferably straight, support elements 2b, which have a plurality of holes 2c extending through the entire grate plate 2 in the thickness direction for the passage of air and ash.
  • Every second support element 2b is attached to the inner surface of the first end wall of the frame part 2a, extending towards the second end wall in such a way that the free end of the support element 2b is approximately the width of the duct 9 away from the inner surface of the second end wall.
  • every other support element 2b is attached to the inner surface of the second end wall of the frame part 2a, extending towards the first end wall in such a way that the free end of the support element 2b is approximately the width of the duct 9 away from the inner surface of the first end wall.
  • Fig. 4 presents the cover plate 11 of one stationary grate plate 2 of the burner 1 according to the invention, which cover plate imitates the shape of the cooling duct 9 of a stationary grate plate 2 of the burner 1 and, when installed into position, seals the cooling duct 9 to the end and side edges of the frame part 2a and to the edges of the support elements 2b.
  • Fig. 5 presents one stationary grate plate 2 of the burner 1 according to the invention, with the cover plate 11 installed on the frame part 2a to cover the duct 9.
  • the cover plate 11 tightly closes the cooling duct 9 of the stationary grate plate 2 and forms a uniform, tight and essentially coplanar structure with the frame part 2a of a stationary grate plate 2.
  • the cover plate 11 together with the support elements 2b function as an essentially even bottom surface of a grate plate 2 placed into position.
  • Essentially cool cooling liquid for example water
  • Essentially cool cooling liquid is arranged as an essentially continuous flow from the liquid cooling system of the burner 1 by means of an input pipe 6 into the cooling ducts 9 of the stationary grate plates 2 via the input aperture 6a.
  • the warmed cooling liquid exits from the cooling duct 9 of the grate plate 2 in an essentially continuous flow via the output aperture 7a and onwards via the cooling liquid output pipe 7 back to the liquid cooling system of the solid-fuel burner 1, where the warmed cooling liquid is cooled again.
  • the input apertures 6a and the output apertures 7a of the stationary grate plates 2 are located at the end adjacent to the fuel input end, i.e. at the end adjacent to the first end of the burner 1.
  • the liquid hoses or liquid pipes connected to said apertures 6a and 7a are isolated from fire and ash and are protected under the stationary and movable grate plates.
  • the stationary grate plates are preferably cooled by means of essentially cool cooling liquid circulating in the cooling ducts.
  • the shapes, dimensions, amounts, size and proportions of the main components may differ from those described above.
  • the cooling liquid used in the cooling system may also be other than water.
  • the stationary grate plates in the solution according to the invention are preferably cooled by means of the liquid flowing in the cooling duct system of a stationary grate plate, and that the cooling liquid is supplied to the cooling duct system by means of a cooling system.
  • cooling ducts of grate plates can be only in stationary grate plates or only in some of them, or only in movable grate plates or only in some of them, or in both stationary and movable grate plates or only in some of them.
  • the moving mechanism of the movable grate plates can also be different in structure than the moving mechanism described above.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
EP22176987.0A 2021-06-07 2022-06-02 Grille refroidie par liquide dans un brûleur de combustible solide Pending EP4102133A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20215661A FI20215661A1 (fi) 2021-06-07 2021-06-07 Nestejäähdytteinen arina kiinteän polttoaineen polttimessa

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4102133A1 true EP4102133A1 (fr) 2022-12-14

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22176987.0A Pending EP4102133A1 (fr) 2021-06-07 2022-06-02 Grille refroidie par liquide dans un brûleur de combustible solide

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP4102133A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI20215661A1 (fr)

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995018333A1 (fr) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-06 Doikos Investments Limited Grille modulaire a coulisse pour l'incineration d'immondices dans des usines d'exploitation commerciale et procede d'exploitation
EP1001218B1 (fr) 1998-11-10 2001-12-12 Doikos Investments Ltd Grille de combustion refroidie par eau et procédé de combustion de déchets correspondant
EP1582812A1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2005-10-05 Vinci Environnement Grille d'incinération à gradins fixes refroidis à l'eau
CN106439868A (zh) * 2016-08-17 2017-02-22 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 一种水冷炉排片和焚烧炉
EP3967927A1 (fr) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-16 Hitachi Zosen Inova AG Bloc de grille refroidi par eau pour une installation d'incinération

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995018333A1 (fr) * 1993-12-24 1995-07-06 Doikos Investments Limited Grille modulaire a coulisse pour l'incineration d'immondices dans des usines d'exploitation commerciale et procede d'exploitation
EP1001218B1 (fr) 1998-11-10 2001-12-12 Doikos Investments Ltd Grille de combustion refroidie par eau et procédé de combustion de déchets correspondant
EP1582812A1 (fr) * 2004-04-01 2005-10-05 Vinci Environnement Grille d'incinération à gradins fixes refroidis à l'eau
CN106439868A (zh) * 2016-08-17 2017-02-22 光大环保技术研究院（深圳）有限公司 一种水冷炉排片和焚烧炉
EP3967927A1 (fr) * 2020-09-09 2022-03-16 Hitachi Zosen Inova AG Bloc de grille refroidi par eau pour une installation d'incinération

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Publication number Publication date
FI20215661A1 (fi) 2022-12-08

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