EP4101806A1 - Unterwasserausrüstung zum spannen von ankerleinen einer offshore-struktur und verfahren zur installation einer solchen ausrüstung - Google Patents

Unterwasserausrüstung zum spannen von ankerleinen einer offshore-struktur und verfahren zur installation einer solchen ausrüstung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4101806A1
EP4101806A1 EP21305770.6A EP21305770A EP4101806A1 EP 4101806 A1 EP4101806 A1 EP 4101806A1 EP 21305770 A EP21305770 A EP 21305770A EP 4101806 A1 EP4101806 A1 EP 4101806A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
equipment
passive
anchor
active
installation vessel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21305770.6A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christophe SITTA
Nicolas Petit
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Geocean SAS
Original Assignee
Geocean SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Geocean SAS filed Critical Geocean SAS
Priority to EP21305770.6A priority Critical patent/EP4101806A1/de
Publication of EP4101806A1 publication Critical patent/EP4101806A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/04—Fastening or guiding equipment for chains, ropes, hawsers, or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/18—Stoppers for anchor chains
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/006—Power actuated devices operating on ropes, cables, or chains for hauling in a mainly horizontal direction
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B2021/003—Mooring or anchoring equipment, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B2021/007—Remotely controlled subsea assistance tools, or related methods for handling of anchors or mooring lines, e.g. using remotely operated underwater vehicles for connecting mooring lines to anchors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of underwater equipment used for tensioning anchor lines of offshore structures, such as in particular oil platforms, floating units for the production, storage and unloading of hydrocarbons, floating supports for offshore wind turbines, etc. It relates more specifically to the launching, deployment and recovery of such underwater equipment.
  • Offshore structures such as oil rigs, floating production, storage and offloading units (or FPSOs for "Floating Production Storage and Offloading") and offshore wind turbines are floating structures that do not move very often and usually remain in the same place for several years.
  • this equipment is based on a system for tensioning the anchor lines consisting of cylinders and a chain locking mechanism.
  • this equipment has many drawbacks, in particular during its deployment. Indeed, the launching of such equipment from the deck of the installation vessel is typically carried out by means of a crane connected to the equipment.
  • this equipment can be bulky and very heavy, which requires high-capacity lifting means suitable for offshore installations.
  • this lifting is generally carried out from the top of the equipment, so that it is necessary, depending on the method of tensioning the anchor lines adopted, after it has been laid down on the seabed, to disconnect the points of lifting so that the anchor lines can then be connected to it.
  • This operation requires the intervention of divers or a remotely operated underwater vehicle (or ROV for "Remotely Operated Vehicle") from the installation vessel in accordance with the working water depth.
  • ROV remotely operated underwater vehicle
  • the underwater equipment of the prior art is most often powered during its deployment by a power umbilical which is permanently connected to the surface installation vessel.
  • a power umbilical which is permanently connected to the surface installation vessel.
  • this operation is also tricky since there is a risk of damaging the umbilical during deployment.
  • the aim of the present invention is to provide underwater equipment for tensioning anchor lines and the associated deployment, recovery and implementation methods which do not have such drawbacks.
  • the equipment according to the invention is remarkable in particular in that its launching and its raising from the installation vessel with a towing winch is made possible by the specific positioning of the two high-capacity connection members centered on the pulling axis.
  • these towing points that constitute the organs are positioned in the lower part of the equipment, and not in the upper part, which minimizes the traction forces necessary for raising the equipment on the deck of the installation vessel and which avoids having to block off access to the active anchor line recovery chute with all the inconveniences that this condemnation brings.
  • the organs are set back from the passive and active ends of the platform so as to allow passage over the launching rollers of the surface installation vessel.
  • the equipment according to the invention is also remarkable in that the integration of measurement and communication means within the equipment makes it possible, during deployment and recovery phases, to ensure its monitoring in real time and in continuously from the installation vessel on the surface, to ensure its stability in open water, and to guarantee its deposit on the seabed and its recovery on the deck of the vessel.
  • the equipment according to the invention is also remarkable because of its V-shaped chute mounted on the platform which forms a guide for the active anchor line when it is put in place.
  • the active anchor line is engaged in the tensioning system which, by a to-and-fro movement formed in particular by the two locks actuated by hydraulic cylinders, makes it possible to "pull" on the active anchor line and thus put tension on the active and passive anchor lines.
  • the invention proposes equipment whose installation from the surface to the seabed is carried out without divers or ROVs and completely energy self-sufficient with real-time and continuous monitoring from the surface installation vessel.
  • the equipment further comprises a system for pre-tensioning the active anchor line once it is recovered by the chute.
  • This pre-tensioning system allows precise positioning of the active anchor line for the tensioning system.
  • This system also makes it possible to recover excess lengths of the active anchor line and its tensioning to several tens of tons, which saves considerable time during the actual tensioning step.
  • the equipment further comprises a system for locating the active anchor line when it approaches the chute.
  • acoustic sensors are positioned on the chute to visualize the active anchor line and transmit the data in real time to the installation vessel by the acoustic communication means.
  • Active anchor line position and approach data allows real-time correction of active anchor line position, tension, and warp length.
  • the equipment further comprises a power and control umbilical intended to supply and control the system for tensioning the active and passive anchor lines, the power and control umbilical being housed in a basket and able to be deployed autonomously from the equipment and connected to the installation vessel once the equipment is deposited on the seabed.
  • the power and control umbilical is thus stored within the equipment and is therefore protected in full of water from mechanical risks, in particular risks of tearing.
  • the active anchor line may initially be on standby on the installation vessel. Alternatively, it may initially be on standby on the seabed near the equipment drop-off location.
  • the progress of the equipment towards the seabed is advantageously monitored continuously by the installation vessel thanks to the measurements of the angles of trim, heel and azimuth of the equipment, and depth of immersion.
  • the abandonment chain is preferably stored on the seabed and connected to a surface buoy.
  • the invention relates to the launching, deployment and recovery of underwater equipment for tensioning retaining anchor lines of an offshore structure such as an oil platform, an FPSO, buoy, offshore wind turbine floating support, etc.
  • an offshore structure such as an oil platform, an FPSO, buoy, offshore wind turbine floating support, etc.
  • the anchoring tensions can reach more than 1000 tons.
  • the figures 1 and 2 represent underwater equipment 2 according to the invention used for tensioning the retaining anchor lines of such offshore structures.
  • the equipment 2 comprises in particular a platform 4 of rectangular shape which is intended to come to rest on the seabed and to ensure the stability of the equipment during the tensioning of the anchoring lines and to ensure equipment self-alignment.
  • This platform 4 comprises two end flanks 4a, 4b interconnected by two lateral flanks 4c, 4d, these flanks being inclined with respect to the horizontal.
  • the platform 4 is equipped with a passive ring 6 which is intended to be connected to a passive anchor line.
  • the opposite end flank 4b called the "active end” of the equipment, defines a pulling axis 8 for the active anchor line 10.
  • the platform is equipped with two organeau 12 (or rings on which is moored a chain, a cable, etc.) of high capacity, these organeaux being aligned on the pulling axis 8 and intended to be connected to a hauling winch of a surface installation vessel.
  • the organeaux 12 are centered on the end flanks 4a, 4b, located in the lower part of the equipment and set back from the ends of the equipment. They thus define two towing points for the deployment and recovery of the equipment from the installation vessel on the surface.
  • the equipment according to the invention also comprises a V-shaped chute 14 which is mounted on the platform 4 extending between the passive end 4a and the active end 4b thereof.
  • This chute 14 consists of two inclined plates forming an open V towards the surface when the equipment rests on the seabed. This chute has the function of recovering the active anchor line 10 to guide it towards the tensioning system.
  • the system 16 for tensioning the active and passive anchor lines is positioned on the platform and under the chute 14. It notably comprises two locks - a mobile lock 18 and a fixed lock 20 - which are spaced apart from one another. each other and which cooperate with the active anchor line 10 recovered by the chute according to a procedure which will be described later.
  • the mobile lock 18 is coupled to hydraulic cylinders 21 making it possible to create the tensioning of the active anchor line.
  • hydraulic cylinders 21 they are powered and driven from the surface installation vessel via umbilicals described later.
  • the passive end 4a of the equipment serves in particular to supply the reaction force to the system for tensioning the anchor lines 16.
  • a chain support chute 23 allows the active anchor line 10 to cross the equipment in length (from the active end 4b to the passive end 4a) passing through the two locks 18, 20.
  • the equipment according to the invention further comprises measuring instruments grouped together within a housing 25 and known from the prior art for measuring in real time during immersion, deployment and recovery of the equipment. the trim, list and azimuth angles of the equipment, as well as its depth of immersion.
  • the equipment according to the invention further comprises a pre-tensioning system 22 of the active anchor line once the latter is recovered by the chain support chute 23.
  • This pre-tensioning system 22 is positioned under the V-shaped trough 14 downstream of the tensioning system 16. It makes it possible in particular to apply a tension in the passive and active anchoring lines in order to minimize the duration of tensioning by the two locks 18, 20 of the tensioning system.
  • the equipment according to the invention further comprises a system for locating the active anchor line (for example housed within the box 25 grouping together the measuring instruments) when it approaches the chute 14 in the form of V of the equipment.
  • the active anchor line for example housed within the box 25 grouping together the measuring instruments
  • this tracking system may be in the form of acoustic sensors (for example of the SONAR type or acoustic cameras) arranged opposite each other on each plate of the V-shaped chute 14.
  • the signals coming from these sensors are transmitted in time real to the surface installation vessel in order to allow it to know the relative position of the active anchor line with respect to said chute. This data then makes it possible to correct in real time from the installation vessel on the surface the position, the tension and the length of the active anchor line during its approach to the equipment.
  • the equipment according to the invention further comprises at least one power and control umbilical which is intended to supply and control the tensioning system 16, jacks 21 and pre-tensioning system 22 as well as all the active and passive anchor line control equipment.
  • at least one power and control umbilical which is intended to supply and control the tensioning system 16, jacks 21 and pre-tensioning system 22 as well as all the active and passive anchor line control equipment.
  • This power and control umbilical is advantageously housed in an umbilical basket 27 equipped with its release system and carried either by the port side or by the starboard side of the equipment.
  • This basket provides structural protection during immersion and deployment of equipment.
  • This umbilical is able to be deployed autonomously from the equipment and to be connected to the installation vessel once the equipment is deposited on the seabed.
  • the Figure 3A schematizes the initial conditions prior to starting the installation process.
  • the passive anchor line 24 and its retaining anchor 26 are deposited on the seabed F.
  • the end of the passive anchor line opposite the anchor is connected to the passive ring 6 of equipment 2.
  • the active anchor line 10 it is either also deposited on the seabed, or waiting on the deck of the installation vessel N.
  • a length of abandonment chain is connected, on the one hand to the organeaux 12 of the equipment to allow the abandonment of the latter, and on the other hand to a towing winch (not shown in the figures) of the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel N begins to move in the opposite direction to the retaining anchor 26 of the passive anchor line 24. If necessary, port and starboard anchor lines can be installed on the equipment and be shocked or picked up to adjust the position of the equipment in relation to the launching device of the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel N continues its course towards the position of deployment of the equipment by progressively shifting the abandonment chain in order to gently proceed with the launching of the equipment ( Fig. 3C ).
  • the equipment is overwhelmed from the installation vessel and its overhang is controlled by the hauling winch.
  • the descent of equipment 2 then continues by shifting the towing winch and advancing the installation vessel N ( 3d figure ). During this descent, the equipment is suspended on the catenary of the chain between the installation vessel and the seabed.
  • the installation vessel N continues on its azimuth away from the retaining anchor 26 of the passive anchor line.
  • the equipment gradually descends ( Figure 3E ).
  • the progress towards the seabed F of the equipment is monitored in real time thanks to the acoustic transmission of the measurement data (angles of trim, list and azimuth of the equipment, and depth of immersion of the equipment) to the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel N stops and the actuation of the hauling winch is stopped. The position of the equipment is checked against a predetermined position. The installation vessel N then completes its trajectory by abandoning the abandonment chain 28 which is connected to a surface buoy 30 ( figure 3F ).
  • the active anchor line is installed by the surface installation vessel into the V-shaped equipment chute to engage the pre-tensioning and tensioning systems. This deployment of the active anchor line within the chute is carried out either directly from the installation vessel following the installation of the active anchor line or following its recovery by the installation vessel from the seabed where the active anchor line lay awaiting equipment deployment. This recovery is controlled using the means described above.
  • the power and control umbilical Prior to tensioning the active and passive anchor lines, the power and control umbilical is deployed from the equipment to be retrieved and connected to the installation vessel in order to power and pilot the system of tensioning.
  • the tensioning of the active and passive anchor lines by the tensioning system of the equipment is known per se. It is based on a back and forth movement formed by the two locks 18, 20 and the hydraulic cylinders 21.
  • a pulling cycle comprises the following successive steps: the chain of the active anchor line is engaged in the equipment and rests in the chain support chute 23, the fixed lock 20 of the tensioning system 16 being open (that is to say in the low position) and the movable lock 18 being in the closed position (that is to say in the high position).
  • the hydraulic cylinders 21 are retracted (that is to say in the start of stroke position).
  • the hydraulic cylinders 21 are then deployed to their end-of-travel position, which causes a displacement of the mobile lock 18 which drives the active anchoring line over a length corresponding to the stroke length of the cylinders 21.
  • the fixed lock 20 is then tilted into the closed position (high position) so as to block the active anchor line.
  • the movable lock 18 it is tilted into the open position (lower position) and thus releases the active anchor line.
  • the hydraulic cylinders 21 can then be retracted to their starting stroke position so as to start a new pulling cycle.
  • the active anchor line is kept in tension from the surface.
  • the initial conditions prior to starting the installation method according to this alternative embodiment are as follows: the retaining anchor of the active anchor line is deposited on the seabed. The end of the active anchor line opposite the restraining anchor is kept above ground on the deck of the installation vessel and installed and secured in the locks of the equipment tensioning system. As for the passive anchor line with its retaining anchor, they are waiting on the deck of the installation vessel.
  • a length of abandonment chain is connected, on the one hand to the organs of the equipment on the passive end side to allow it to be abandoned, and on the other hand to a hauling winch of the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel begins to move towards the intended position of laying down the passive anchor line retaining anchor. If necessary, port and starboard anchor lines can be installed on the equipment and be swung or taken up to adjust the position of the equipment in relation to the launching device of the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel continues its course towards the deployment position of the passive anchor line retaining anchor, gradually unwinding the abandonment chain in order to carefully launch the equipment.
  • the descent of the equipment is stopped after its immersion.
  • the passive anchor line picks up tension while the drop chain is shocked. This is secured on the passive anchor line.
  • the descent of the equipment is then resumed by shifting the hauling winch from the passive anchor line and advancing from the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel continues its advance in the direction of the laying position of the retaining anchor of the passive anchor line while dragging the hauling winch.
  • the progress towards the seabed of the equipment is monitored in real time thanks to the acoustic transmission of the measurement data (angles of trim, list and azimuth of the equipment, and depth of immersion of the equipment ) to the installation vessel.
  • the installation vessel stops and the actuation of the hauling winch is stopped.
  • the position of the equipment is checked against a predetermined position.
  • the installation vessel then completes its trajectory by abandoning the passive anchor line and the passive anchor which is connected to a surface buoy.
  • the active anchor line is then ready to be tensioned.
  • the power and control umbilicals Prior to tensioning the active and passive anchor lines, the power and control umbilicals are deployed from the equipment to be retrieved and connected to the installation vessel to power and pilot the tensioning system. in tension.
  • the tensioning of the active and passive anchor lines by the equipment tensioning system can then begin according to the pulling cycle described previously with reference to the other embodiment of the installation method.
  • this step of tensioning the active and passive anchoring lines can advantageously be preceded by pre-tensioning using the pre-tensioning system 22 of the active anchor line.
  • the active 10 and passive 24 anchor lines Prior to the start of this recovery process, the active 10 and passive 24 anchor lines must be "de-tensioned” from the tensioning system of the equipment 2.
  • the active anchor line 10 is extracted from of the equipment 2 by hauling from the installation vessel N on the surface and deposited on the seabed F.
  • the abandonment chain 28 is recovered and connected to the hauling winch of the installation vessel N, the latter being in position equipment recovery ( figure 4A ).
  • the installation vessel's hauling winch begins to take up tension on the abandonment chain 28.
  • the installation vessel then advances towards the retaining anchor 26 of the passive anchor line 24 to allow the lift of equipment 2 ( figure 4B ).
  • the installation vessel continues to move towards the holding anchor 26, the hauling winch regaining tension to accompany the raising of the equipment ( Fig. 4C ).
  • the ascent of equipment 2 continues until it reaches the launching device of the installation vessel to allow its recovery ( 4D figure ).
  • the first step consists in connecting a first end of a reduction cable 32 to the passive end 4a of the equipment 2, that is to say to the passive ring 6 thereof.
  • the reduction cable 32 then passes through a first pulley 34 which is positioned on the side of the passive end of the equipment.
  • the reduction cable is thus doubled on this side of the equipment (see Fig. 6C ).
  • the reduction cable 32 continues its journey by transiting towards the active end 4b of the equipment to pass through a second pulley 36 positioned on the side of the active end of the equipment (see figure 6B ).
  • the second end of the reduction cable 32 (opposite the first end) is then connected to a chain extension 38 which is itself connected to the tensioning system of the anchor lines of the equipment (see figure 6D ).
  • each pulley is connected to one of the active and passive anchor lines, namely here the first pulley 34 is connected to the passive anchor line 24, while the second pulley 36 is connected to the active anchor 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP21305770.6A 2021-06-07 2021-06-07 Unterwasserausrüstung zum spannen von ankerleinen einer offshore-struktur und verfahren zur installation einer solchen ausrüstung Pending EP4101806A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21305770.6A EP4101806A1 (de) 2021-06-07 2021-06-07 Unterwasserausrüstung zum spannen von ankerleinen einer offshore-struktur und verfahren zur installation einer solchen ausrüstung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21305770.6A EP4101806A1 (de) 2021-06-07 2021-06-07 Unterwasserausrüstung zum spannen von ankerleinen einer offshore-struktur und verfahren zur installation einer solchen ausrüstung

Publications (1)

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EP4101806A1 true EP4101806A1 (de) 2022-12-14

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EP21305770.6A Pending EP4101806A1 (de) 2021-06-07 2021-06-07 Unterwasserausrüstung zum spannen von ankerleinen einer offshore-struktur und verfahren zur installation einer solchen ausrüstung

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3845935A (en) 1973-04-11 1974-11-05 Hydranautics Chain jack with mechanically and hydraulically operated pawls
US5934216A (en) 1997-09-16 1999-08-10 Oceaneering International Inc. Method and apparatus for tensioning and deploying mooring chain
NO20170862A1 (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-05-24 Can Systems As A mooring system
GB2551379A (en) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-20 Acergy France SAS Upgrading subsea foundations of mooring systems
WO2020046127A1 (en) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Stevlos B.V. Chain tensioner with chain switch device
US20200377178A1 (en) * 2018-03-02 2020-12-03 Vicinay Cadenas S.A. Tensioner of a mooring line of a floating structure
GB2585985A (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-01-27 Subsea Riser Products Ltd Mooring line tensioning tool

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3845935A (en) 1973-04-11 1974-11-05 Hydranautics Chain jack with mechanically and hydraulically operated pawls
US5934216A (en) 1997-09-16 1999-08-10 Oceaneering International Inc. Method and apparatus for tensioning and deploying mooring chain
GB2551379A (en) * 2016-06-16 2017-12-20 Acergy France SAS Upgrading subsea foundations of mooring systems
NO20170862A1 (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-05-24 Can Systems As A mooring system
US20200377178A1 (en) * 2018-03-02 2020-12-03 Vicinay Cadenas S.A. Tensioner of a mooring line of a floating structure
WO2020046127A1 (en) * 2018-08-30 2020-03-05 Stevlos B.V. Chain tensioner with chain switch device
GB2585985A (en) * 2019-07-24 2021-01-27 Subsea Riser Products Ltd Mooring line tensioning tool

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