EP4090173A1 - Aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound - Google Patents
Aqueous solution of a lipophilic compoundInfo
- Publication number
- EP4090173A1 EP4090173A1 EP21701405.9A EP21701405A EP4090173A1 EP 4090173 A1 EP4090173 A1 EP 4090173A1 EP 21701405 A EP21701405 A EP 21701405A EP 4090173 A1 EP4090173 A1 EP 4090173A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lipophilic compound
- water
- lipophilic
- aqueous solution
- foam
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
Definitions
- the present invention is generally directed to aqueous solutions of lipophilic compounds.
- the invention relates to methods of preparing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form and for improving the water solubility of a lipophilic compound.
- the invention also relates to aqueous solutions of lipophilic compounds and lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form.
- the invention also relates to a device for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound.
- Lipophilic compounds such as curcumin, ingredients from cinnamon and the cannabis plant are known to be poorly soluble in water. In order to bring the lipophilic compounds into a liquid form, they are dissolved in organic solvents or oil or added to oil-water emulsions or suspensions. However, such processes are undesirable in many applications because additives are necessary so that the lipophilic compounds can be converted into liquid form and remain stable therein, i.e. without precipitating or degrading.
- curcumin a yellow dye found in the turmeric rootstock. Curcumin is used as a yellow food color and as a spice. It also has pain-relieving and exercise-promoting properties in osteoarthritis patients. However, curcumin has an extremely low solubility in water, so that it can often only be used in solution in oil or with the use of adsorption mediators. The water solubility of curcumin was investigated in Jagannathan et al., 2012, among others. A slight improvement in solubility was found here by heating, the changes in solubility being attributed to the intramolecular interactions of the curcumin.
- the solution produced only contained very small amounts of curcumin of 1-10 mg / mL, in which the curcumin also agglomerated.
- Other research has used nanotechnology to break curcumin into nanoparticles and create aqueous suspensions.
- curcumin is not dissolved in the water and the bioavailability is significantly worse than in the dissolved state.
- Cinnamon is a spice that is extracted from the bark of trees of the genus Cinnamomum.
- cinnamon has beneficial bioactive properties and has an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, cancer-fighting, lipid-lowering and cardiovascular effect.
- cinnamon regulates blood lipid levels and lowers blood sugar.
- cinnamaldehyde and trans-cinnamaldehyde are highly lipophilic with a water solubility of 1.1 g / L (at 20 ° C), which reduces the bioavailability and thus the positive medical effect (Ashakirin et al., IJPSR, 2017; Vol. 8 (6): 2333-2340).
- Other substances such as carotenoids, especially astaxanthin, or ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, especially cannabidiol (CBD), are very poorly soluble in water.
- these substances have a large number of bioactive properties that can only develop a relevant effect through improved water solubility and consequently bioavailability.
- the invention was based on the object of bringing lipophilic substances into water-soluble form so that aqueous solutions of the lipophilic substances can be prepared without the addition of solubilizers.
- the invention is based on the basic idea of treating lipophilic compounds with a method according to the invention in such a way that the lipophilic compound can dissolve in water, so that an aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be produced.
- the lipophilic compound is first enriched in foam.
- the powder obtained from the foam by drying has an extremely increased water solubility. By dissolving this powder in water, pure aqueous solutions of the lipophilic compound with a very high concentration can be obtained.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound, comprising the steps:
- step (v) Dissolving the lipophilic compound obtained from step (iv) in water to obtain an aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound.
- the present invention relates to an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound that can be prepared by the method of the first aspect.
- the invention relates to an aqueous curcumin solution, consisting essentially of water and curcumin, with a concentration of at least 0.1 g / L curcumin.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form, comprising the steps:
- the present invention relates to a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form, producible by the method of the third aspect.
- the methods according to the first and third aspects increase the water solubility of the lipophilic compound.
- the present invention therefore also relates to a method for increasing the water solubility of a lipophilic compound, comprising the steps:
- the present invention relates to a device for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form or an aqueous solution comprising a lipophilic compound
- the present invention provides methods which are particularly advantageous in the preparation of very pure aqueous solutions which essentially contain water and a lipophilic compound and are free of other components or contain only very small amounts of other components.
- Very pure aqueous solutions that contain water and the lipophilic compound are particularly advantageous in various areas of application.
- lipophilic compounds are used in the food industry (e.g. curcumin, which is used as a natural food coloring, or cinnamon, which is used in particular as a healthy flavor).
- curcumin which is used as a natural food coloring, or cinnamon, which is used in particular as a healthy flavor
- its application is severely limited by its low water solubility, particularly in relation to drinks.
- additives such as some solubilizers
- Lipophilic compounds are also used in medicine, whereby a basic problem remains the low bioavailability due to the poor solubility in water.
- curcumin has shown some positive effects in some in vitro studies, which, however, were often not transferable to clinical studies, due to the poor water solubility of curcumin (Her et al., 2018, Med. Aromat Plants (Los Angeles), 7: 6) .
- curcumin has shown some positive effects in some in vitro studies, which, however, were often not transferable to clinical studies, due to the poor water solubility of curcumin (Her et al., 2018, Med. Aromat Plants (Los Angeles), 7: 6) .
- a lipophilic compound in the context of the invention is in particular a compound which consists predominantly of non-polar groups.
- the lipophilic compound is hydrophobic.
- a lipophilic compound in particular has an n-octanol-water partition coefficient K ow greater than 1, such as 2 or higher or 3 or higher. K ow indicates the distribution of a compound between water and n-octanol.
- lipophilic compounds include, in particular, curcuminoids such as curcumin, and other ingredients of turmeric.
- the group of curcuminoids includes in particular curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is cinnamon, ingredients of cinnamon, in particular cinnamaldehyde, carotenoids, in particular astaxanthin, cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD).
- cinnamon ingredients of cinnamon, in particular cinnamaldehyde, carotenoids, in particular astaxanthin, cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD).
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound essentially comprises water and the lipophilic compound.
- This is particularly advantageous for producing very pure aqueous solutions that do not contain any foreign substances. Consequently, no components have to be used to convert the lipophilic compound into a water-soluble one To move shape.
- the percentage purity relates in particular to the proportion in mol percent of other substances based on the amount of the lipophilic compound in the aqueous solution.
- "Other substances” refers in particular to other organic compounds and / or heavy metals.
- aqueous solutions of a lipophilic compound is achieved in particular by the methods according to the first aspect and the sixth aspect of the invention.
- Devices according to the fifth or eighth aspect of the invention can be used for this purpose.
- the aqueous solutions of a lipophilic compound correspond in particular to the solutions according to the second aspect and seventh aspect of the invention.
- lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form according to the fourth aspect of the invention can be prepared by means of the method of the third aspect.
- the aqueous solution contains essentially no or no solubilizers or surface-active substances or surfactants.
- the aqueous solution contains essentially no or no liposomes, oils (apart from the oil / oils of the lipophilic compound) or phosphates such as orthophosphates.
- the aqueous solution contains essentially no or no piperine.
- the present invention relates to a method for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound, comprising the steps of:
- step (v) Dissolving the lipophilic compound obtained from step (iv) in water to obtain an aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound.
- the lipophilic compound is a foam-forming compound, ie it can form foam in conjunction with water.
- lipophilic compounds include, in particular, curcuminoids such as curcumin, and other ingredients of turmeric.
- the group of curcuminoids includes in particular curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin.
- the term “lipophilic compound” also includes mixtures of several lipophilic compounds, for example mixtures of different curcuminoids.
- the lipophilic compound is a curcuminoid, in particular curcumin, demethoxycurcumin or bisdemethoxycurcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is a mixture of different cucuminoids, in particular a mixture of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and / or bisdemethoxycurcumin, for example a mixture of consists of at least 60%, in particular at least 70% curcumin, at most 30%, in particular at most 20% Demethoxycurcumin and a maximum of 10%, in particular a maximum of 5% bisdemethoxycurcumin.
- curcumin is defined as one or more of these three main components of organically sourced curcumin.
- curcumin in the context of the present invention thus includes in particular pure curcumin and also mixtures of curcumin, demethoxycurcumin and bisdemethoxycurcumin.
- the lipophilic compounds mentioned are particularly advantageous because they are of great importance not only in the food industry but also for medicine. However, the low solubility of the lipophilic substances in aqueous solutions reduces their applicability. Therefore, the disclosed method is particularly advantageous in connection with the above lipophilic compounds.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound of at least 0.1 g / L.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can have a concentration of the lipophilic compound of at least 0.2 g / L, at least 0.5 g / L, at least 1 g / L, at least 1.5 g / L, at least 2 g / L, at least 3 g / L, at least 4 g / L, or at least 5 g / L.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound between 0.1 to 200 g / L, 0.1 to 100 g / L, 0.5 to 50 g / L, 1 to 30 g / L or 2 to 20 g / L, preferably between 2 to 15 g / L.
- the lipophilic compound is completely dissolved here.
- the lipophilic compound is dissolved without the aid of solubilizers or nanotechnology.
- the lipophilic compound is in particular a curcuminoid, for example curcumin.
- the high concentrations of lipophilic compound in the aqueous solution are particularly advantageous for many applications.
- the high concentration of the lipophilic compound in water can improve bioavailability in medical fields of application.
- the high concentration of the lipophilic compound in water is particularly advantageous in order to produce aqueous solutions, for example in the form of beverages.
- the dissolved lipophilic compound can have various effects.
- curcumin dissolved in water in high concentrations can not only change the color of beverages in a natural way, but can also have positive effects on health (Pulido-Moran et al., 2016, Molecular, 21: 264).
- step (i) of the method according to the invention the lipophilic compound is brought into contact with process water.
- the process water used in step (i) of the method is selected from distilled water, double-distilled water, demineralized water, ultrapure water, deionized water.
- “Distilled water” in the context of the invention is essentially free of salts, organic substances and microorganisms.
- distilled water can be produced by evaporating and condensing conventional water (e.g. spring water or tap water).
- Distilled water in the context of the invention is not to be understood as meaning that the water must have arisen from a distillation process, but that it meets the minimum requirements for distilled water.
- the classification of distilled water in particular the measurement of the conductivity in the prior art is used.
- water can be used that has a conductivity similar to, equal to, or lower than that of distilled water.
- distilled water at 25 ° C. has a conductivity of 5 pS / cm or less, for example between 0.5 and 5 pS / cm.
- Process water which is used in the method according to the invention can consequently have a conductivity of 5 pS / cm or less at 25 ° C., in particular a conductivity of 2 pS / cm or less, 1.5 pS / cm or less, 1 pS / cm or less, or 0.5 ps / cm or less, each at 25 ° C.
- Methods other than distillation known in the art can also be used to produce water that is essentially free of salts, organics and microorganisms.
- the process water is produced from conventional water by suitable methods. Such methods are known to the person skilled in the art. For example, spring or tap water can be demineralized with the help of ion exchangers and thus correspond to distilled water. Alternatively, upstream reverse osmosis with downstream residual desalination via a mixed-bed filter can be used to demineralize water and thus meet the criteria of distilled water. Other expressions for distilled water in the context of this disclosure are fully demineralized water (also deionized water) or ultrapure water. More highly purified water can also be used as process water, such as highly purified water (Aqua valde purificata) or ultra-pure water.
- the lipophilic compound in particular curcumin, and the process water is demineralized or distilled water.
- the lipophilic compound in step (i) is essentially pure.
- a lipophilic compound that is essentially pure has a purity of at least 80%, preferably>80%,>85%,>90%,>92%,>94%,>96%,> 98% or> 99% .
- the lipophilic compound is a curcuminoid such as curcumin (including mixtures of different curcuminoids) which is essentially pure, preferably having a purity of>90%,>92%,>94%,>96%,> 98% or> 99%.
- the purity refers to the amount of other substances in the substance used in mol percent.
- Curcuminoids such as curcumin can be extracted from plants or chemically synthesized using methods known to those skilled in the art. Vegetable curcuminoids can be extracted from plants including Zingiberaceae Curcuma, such as Curcuma longa (turmeric), Curcuma aromatica (wild turmeric), Curcuma zedoaria (Zedoary), Curcuma xanthorrhiza, mango ginger, Indonesian arrowroot, yellow zedoary, black zedoary and galangal can be obtained. Methods for isolating curcuminoids from turmeric are known to the person skilled in the art. In addition, curcumin can be obtained from commercial sources, for example curcumin can be obtained from Sigma Chemicals Co (St. Louis, Mo.).
- the water is provided in a water tank, the water tank in particular holding at least 0.1 L of water.
- the water tank holds a volume selected from the range from 0.1 to 1,000 L, in particular 5 L.
- the water tank can, for example, hold a volume of at least 0.1 L, at least 0.2 L, at least 0.5 L , at least 1 L, at least 2 L, at least 3 L, at least 4 L, at least 5 L, at least 10 L, at least 20 L or at least 50 L.
- the volume of the water can be selected, for example, from a range of 0.1 L up to 10,000 L.
- the water tank is preferably designed so that the water does not run out during the process.
- the water tank preferably comprises an outlet, in particular a tap, suitable for draining the water, the mixture and / or the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound.
- the water tank is larger in two dimensions than in the third dimension, in particular the x and y axes are larger than the z axis.
- the water tank is larger in the axes of the stand area than in height.
- the water tank is preferably designed to be wide and flat, so that a large process water surface is obtained for foam formation.
- the water tank can also be larger in height than in the axes of the standing surfaces. For example, a tall water tank that is narrow in diameter can be selected.
- a water tank can also be selected that has axes of the same size in all three dimensions.
- At least 10 g of the lipophilic compound per liter of process water are used in step (i).
- at least 15 g / L, at least 20 g / L, at least 30 g / L or at least 40 g / L can be used.
- between about 20 g and about 200 g of the lipophilic compound are used per liter of process water, for example about 30 g to about 100 g, in particular about 40 g to about 60 g.
- the method comprises the further steps (vi) and (vii) between step (i) and step (ii):
- a "small amount" of the lipophilic compound in the context of the invention relates, for example, to an amount of about 0.1 g to about 10 g, in particular about 0.5 g to about 8 g, preferably about 2 g to about 6 g, such as, for example 3 g, 4 g or 5 g.
- the small amount of the lipophilic compound is held in the container on the process water surface.
- the small amount of the lipophilic compound can be kept in a limited area on the process water surface.
- the small amount of the lipophilic compound can be kept in an area on the process water surface of 20 cm 2 or less.
- the lipophilic compound is in particular in a container that allows the entry of water, but prevents the exit of the lipophilic compound in the undissolved state or at least slows it down.
- the container is preferably held at or just below the process water surface. In particular, the container on the
- the process water surface or immerse up to 5 cm in the process water is above the process water surface, so that part of the small amount of the lipophilic compound on or on the
- Process water surface can float. It can be advantageous to keep the small amount of the lipophilic compound in a limited area on the process water surface, so that it can be heated very specifically in the subsequent heating step. The residues of the heated lipophilic compound can then be removed from the process water with the container.
- the container is a metal sieve.
- the container is preferably made of a metal which does not or substantially does not give off impurities or constituents into the process water and which does not melt at the temperatures used in the heating step.
- An example of a suitable metal is stainless steel or stainless steel.
- a metal sieve preferably has a sieve size that is small enough that the small amount of the lipophilic compound essentially remains in the metal sieve.
- the “process water surface” in the sense of the invention includes in particular the air-water interface of the process water.
- the process water is preferably located in a water tank during the process, the process water surface relating to the surface via which the water is in contact with the air.
- step (vii) of the process according to the invention the small amount of the lipophilic compound is heated.
- heating the small amount of the lipophilic compound is to be understood as meaning that at least part of the lipophilic compound is heated in the container.
- further components can also be heated.
- part of the process water in the environment can be heated.
- the container in which the lipophilic compound is located can also be heated.
- the heating can also be direct and / or indirect take place, where direct heating is defined by the fact that the heat source heats one area directly, and indirect heating is defined by the fact that a heat source heats another area directly, but the small amount of the lipophilic compound indirectly through heat transport from the directly heated area is heated.
- the lipophilic compound is heated directly in the container and, if appropriate, its surroundings.
- the lipophilic compound and the process water that is in the vicinity of the lipophilic compound are heated directly by a heat source.
- the lipophilic compound is held in the container and the container including the lipophilic compound is heated.
- process water can also be heated which is in the direct vicinity of the lipophilic compound and / or further away from the actual heat source - for example by heat transport.
- the heating can be done with any suitable heat source.
- suitable heat sources include flames, in particular gas flames, electrical heating elements, sparks, in particular electrical sparks, and heat radiators.
- the lipophilic compound in the container is heated to a temperature of at least 250.degree. C., in particular at least 300.degree. C. or at least 350.degree. In particular, the temperature is sufficient to decompose the lipophilic compound.
- the heat source used is particularly suitable for generating such a temperature.
- step (vii) the lipophilic compound in the container is heated with a flame, it being possible for a flame to be generated by means known from the prior art.
- the lipophilic compound is heated with a gas flame in step (vii).
- a water gas flame is used to heat the lipophilic compound.
- a water gas flame within the meaning of the invention is a flame that is created by burning water gas in the air.
- a water gas flame can be generated by using a water gas cell.
- the water gas cell produces water gas, which can be ignited to create a water gas flame.
- water gas essentially consists of the elements hydrogen and oxygen.
- the water gas cell comprises a plurality of metal plates; Rubber seals each arranged between two metal plates and enclosing an interior space between the two metal plates; an inlet for water into the interior space and an outlet for water gas from the interior space; a voltage generator that generates a voltage of approximately 1.5 to 2.5 V per space between two metal plates with a current strength of about 0.005 amperes per cm 2 surface for the total number of metal plates, and a line between the outlet and gas burner, which conducts the water gas generated from the water gas cell to the gas burner.
- a water gas cell can comprise several metal plates, preferably arranged in parallel, to which an electrical voltage is applied.
- the metal plates are preferably made of steel, in particular stainless steel such as rust-free stainless steel, for example stainless steel of the alloy AISI 316.
- the metal plates can have a size of 50 to 400 cm 2 , in particular about 200 cm 2 .
- the metal plates can have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, in particular about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm.
- the metal plates are preferably at a distance of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, in particular about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm, from one another.
- the space between the metal plates is filled with water, from which the water gas is formed.
- the water preferably has a conductivity of at least 20 pS / cm, for example at least 30 pS / cm such as about 40 pS / cm, at 25 ° C.
- the water can be, for example, demineralized or distilled water to which a certain amount of salt has been added in order to obtain the desired conductivity.
- the salt should be as pure as possible and is preferably potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide.
- the metal plates can, for example, be separated from one another by a rubber seal, the rubber seal sealing the space between the metal plates.
- the electrical voltage per metal plate can be in a range from 0.5 V to 5 V, for example between 1 V and 3 V or between 1.5 V and 2.5 V.
- the electrical voltage per metal plate is in particular not greater than 2.4 V and is preferably about 2.0 V or about 2.2 V.
- a current intensity is preferably applied which is in a range from 0.001 to 0.01 amperes per cm 2 for the total surface of the metal plates. In particular, the current strength is no greater than about 0.005 amperes per cm 2 for the total surface area of the metal plates.
- the water gas cell can have between 2 and 20 metal plates, in particular between 6 and 8 metal plates, such as 7 metal plates.
- the water gas cell preferably comprises an inlet for water into the interior space between the metal plates and an outlet for water gas from the interior space.
- the water gas cell can also include cooling for the metal plates.
- the water gas generated can be fed directly to the gas burner via a line.
- the device thus comprises, in one embodiment, a line between an outlet of the water gas cell and the gas burner which guides the generated water gas from the water gas cell to the gas burner.
- water is converted into water gas, which is then used to generate a water gas flame and to heat the lipophilic compound.
- the water gas generated in this way can either be fed directly to the gas burner, or it can first be collected in a storage tank and later burned in a gas burner to generate the water gas flame.
- the water gas produced is passed directly to a gas burner, with the flame of which the lipophilic compound in the container is heated.
- the lipophilic compound in step (vii) is heated for a period of time of about 0.5 to 10 minutes, for example at least about 1 minute, at least about 3 minutes or at least about 5 minutes.
- the lipophilic compound is heated until at least part of the lipophilic compound has decomposed in the container.
- the container with the at least partially decomposed lipophilic compound is preferably removed from the process water after the heating has ended.
- steps (vi) and (vii) can also be carried out in a separate water tank.
- the water treated in this way from the separate water tank is added to the mixture of process water and lipophilic compound in the first water tank after the heating and at least partial decomposition of the lipophilic compound in the container.
- step (ii) of the method according to the invention foam formation is triggered on the process water surface, the foam containing the lipophilic compound.
- the foam formation is triggered in step (ii) by moving the process water, in particular by stirring or shaking, preferably by stirring.
- Foaming can be carried out by methods and devices known in the art.
- a device for mixing liquids can be used.
- a mixer or mixer can be used which is introduced into the water tank.
- a vortex is generated in the process water during foam formation.
- step (vii) the foam formation can already begin during the heating of the lipophilic compound in the container in step (vii). Alternatively, the foaming begins only after step (vii) has been completed. In a preferred embodiment of the process, the foam formation is carried out in step (ii) for a period of at least 2 minutes. Step (ii) is carried out until sufficient foam formation is achieved. Sufficient foam formation can include, for example, a foam height of at least 2 cm or at least 3 cm.
- the foam formed contains at least a portion of the dissolved lipophilic compound.
- the foam contains the majority of the lipophilic compound used, for example at least 50%, in particular at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80% or at least 90% of the amount of lipophilic compound used in step (i).
- step (iii) of the process according to the invention the foam is collected.
- the foam which is produced or arises in the course of the process according to the invention contains part or the entire amount of the lipophilic compound used, this lipophilic compound having a particularly high solubility in after the drying step having aqueous solutions, which is very advantageous for the purposes of the invention.
- the foam collected in step (iii) contains a large part of the lipophilic compound used, preferably at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80% or at least 90% of the amount used in step (i) became.
- step (iii) the foam can be collected by means of skimming, suction, pouring off or peeling off.
- This step can take place by methods and devices known in the art.
- a trowel or skimmer can be used to scoop off the foam.
- the foam can be sucked off and collected by a negative pressure. The exact way in which the foam is collected is not limiting.
- “Collecting” the foam within the meaning of the invention includes that the foam located on the process water is essentially removed after step (ii). In particular, the foam is essentially separated from the remaining process water. The foam is preferably collected in a container.
- step (iv) of the process according to the invention the foam is dried in order to obtain the lipophilic compound.
- the collected foam is dried in a drying cabinet in step (iv).
- Drying cabinets are known in the prior art and are not limiting in the sense of this disclosure.
- the drying takes place, for example, at a temperature of 25 ° C to 55 ° C, in particular 30 ° C to 50 ° C, preferably at about 40 ° C.
- the drying takes place in particular for a time of 0.5 to 5 days, for example for about 20 to about 60 hours, in particular for about 24 to about 48 hours.
- the drying is carried out in particular until the desired residual moisture is reached.
- the foam can be freed from excess water before drying. For example, after skimming the foam, it can be collected on a cloth or sieve. Excess water from the foam is absorbed by the cloth or sieve or drips through here. The foam thus predried can then be dried further as described above.
- the lipophilic compound obtained in step (iv) is in the form of a powder.
- a “powder” within the meaning of the invention comprises dried solid of the lipophilic compound.
- a powder can comprise particles, the particles preferably having sizes of less than 5 mm, preferably nano and microparticles.
- the amount of lipophilic compound obtained in step (iv) corresponds to at least 50%, in particular at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80% or at least 90% of the amount of lipophilic compound used in step (i).
- the lipophilic compound obtained from step (iv) is dissolved in water in order to obtain an aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound.
- the lipophilic compound obtained by the process according to the invention from step (iv) has an increased solubility in aqueous solutions compared to the starting substance from step (i).
- This is a great advantage of the process according to the invention, since the increased solubility is used in a large number of areas. For example, the bioavailability for medical applications can be increased.
- the increased solubility in water is also advantageous in the food industry, for example in order to dissolve the lipophilic compound in beverages. Accordingly, an essential technical effect of the process according to the invention is the increase in the water solubility of the lipophilic compound.
- the water solubility of the lipophilic compound which is obtained in step (iv) is increased compared to the lipophilic compound which is used in step (i).
- An increased solubility of the lipophilic compound comprises at least an increase by a factor of 2, in particular by a factor of 5, 10, 25, 100, 200 or 500.
- the solubility is improved by the method according to the invention by a factor between 500 and 2000, 600 and 1800, 700 and 1400, or 800 and 1200.
- the lipophilic compound is preferably a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound obtained is dissolved in the water in a concentration of at least 0.1 g / L.
- the lipophilic compound is in a concentration of at least 0.2 g / L, at least 0.5 g / L, at least 1 g / L, at least 2 g / L, at least 3 g / L, at least 4 g / L or at least 5 g / L dissolved.
- the concentration of the dissolved lipophilic compound in the aqueous solution is at least 8 g / L, for example about 10 g / L.
- the lipophilic compound is preferably a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the water used in step (v) to dissolve the lipophilic compound is, in particular, water that is as pure as possible.
- the water can be selected, for example, from distilled water, double-distilled water, demineralized water, ultrapure water and deionized water.
- Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous since the aqueous solution obtained is very pure and preferably consists essentially of the lipophilic compound and water and does not contain any impurities.
- the aqueous solution with the lipophilic compound in step (v) essentially comprises water and curcumin.
- the water which is used in the method according to the invention for dissolving the lipophilic compound in step (v) has in particular a conductivity of 5 pS / cm or less at 25 ° C., for example a conductivity of 2 pS / cm or less, 1 , 5 pS / cm or less, 1 pS / cm or less, or 0.5 ps / cm or less, all at 25 ° C.
- the water in step (v) can be selected from tap water, spring water, rain water, ground water, drinking water, process water, Aquifer water, glacier water, treated and untreated water, steam, or atmospheric moisture.
- the lipophilic compound can be dissolved in aqueous solutions selected from milk, soy, vegetable, fruit, coffee and tea beverages, as well as soft drinks, alcoholic or de-alcoholised beverages and other beverages suitable for consumption .
- the present invention relates to an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound.
- An aqueous solution according to the invention of a lipophilic compound contains water and the lipophilic compound, in particular with a concentration of at least 0.1 g / L and dissolved lipophilic compound.
- the concentration of dissolved lipophilic compound is at least 0.2 g / L, at least 0.5 g / L, at least 1 g / L, at least 2 g / L, at least 3 g / L, at least 4 g / L or at least 5 g / L.
- the concentration of the dissolved lipophilic compound in the aqueous solution is at least 8 g / L, for example about 10 g / L.
- the lipophilic compound is completely dissolved here.
- the lipophilic compound is dissolved without the aid of solubilizers or nanotechnology.
- the lipophilic compound is preferably a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the aqueous solution according to the invention is particularly advantageous since very high concentrations of a lipophilic compound can be present. Such high concentrations of lipophilic compounds are interesting and advantageous for a large number of applications. For example, lipophilic compounds often have a reduced bioavailability, so that the medical application is often limited, or further components are required which increase the bioavailability but can have side effects.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound according to the invention can be produced with a particularly high purity. Furthermore, the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound according to the invention can have wide applicability in the food industry.
- the preparation of aqueous solutions of a lipophilic compound can be particularly advantageous in the form of beverages.
- the dissolved lipophilic compound can be curcumin, so that drinks with a particularly high concentration of curcumin can be produced without the need for additional components (eg stabilizers, solubilizers, etc.).
- beverages with lipophilic compounds eg curcumin
- the lipophilic compound is a compound from the class of curcuminoids, in particular curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is curcumin.
- the water is selected from distilled water, double-distilled water, demineralized water, ultrapure water and deionized water.
- the water has a conductivity of 5 pS / cm or less at 25 ° C., for example a conductivity of 2 pS / cm or less, 1.5 pS / cm or less, 1 pS / cm or less or 0.5 ps / cm or less, each at 25 ° C.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound contains essentially no or no components that support the dissolution of the lipophilic compound (for example stabilizers, solubilizers, surface-active substances, surfactants, etc.).
- the aqueous solution contains essentially no or no liposomes, oils or phosphates such as orthophosphates.
- the aqueous solution contains essentially no or no piperine.
- the aqueous solution essentially comprises water and the lipophilic compound. Such an embodiment is particularly advantageous since a particularly pure aqueous solution can be produced.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound comprises the lipophilic compound in a concentration at which saturation occurs, the lipophilic compound being partially present as a solid in the aqueous solution at concentrations above saturation.
- concentration at which the saturation of the lipophilic compound occurs depends on the lipophilic compound and is correspondingly different.
- the saturation concentration is> 0.2 g / L,> 0.5 g / L,> 1 g / L,> 2 g / L,> 3 g / L,> 4 g / L or> 5 g / L.
- the saturation concentration is between 5 and 15 g / L, for example between 8 and 12 g / L.
- the lipophilic compound can no longer be dissolved and / or partially precipitates, so that part of the lipophilic compound is present as a solid, for example in the form of a dispersion or suspension.
- Supersaturation can be particularly advantageous if as much lipophilic compound as possible is to be present in the aqueous solution, that is to say that the maximum possible amount is dissolved in the aqueous solution.
- the part of the lipophilic compound which is then present as a solid can then either remain in the aqueous solution or be removed, depending on the application.
- a part is present as a solid, for example if the aqueous solution is mixed with another aqueous solution so that more water is available for the undissolved lipophilic compound.
- the part of the lipophilic compound which is present as a solid can then go into solution.
- 5 to 40 g / L or 10 to 30 or 15 to 25 g / L, for example about 20 g / L, of the lipophilic compound are mixed with water, so that an aqueous solution is prepared in which part of the lipophilic compound is present as a solid and a part is dissolved.
- the lipophilic compound can be dissolved and the corresponding remaining part can be present as a solid.
- the lipophilic compound is in particular a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- Solids within the meaning of the invention have a solid aggregate state in the aqueous solution and are accordingly not dissolved. Solids can occur in the form of particles or deposits or be distributed in the solution, e.g. in the form of a suspension.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound is produced by a method for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound according to the first aspect of the invention.
- the embodiments, features and examples of this method accordingly also relate to the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound according to the second aspect of the invention.
- lipophilic compounds include cinnamon, ingredients of cinnamon, carotenoids, in particular astaxanthin, cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD).
- the lipophilic compound is cinnamon, ingredients of cinnamon, in particular cinnamaldehyde, carotenoids, in particular astaxanthin, cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD).
- Cinnamon, ingredients of cinnamon, carotenoids, in particular astaxanthin, cannabis and ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD) can be extracted from plants or chemically synthesized, using methods which are known to the person skilled in the art.
- the lipophilic compound is preferably derived from natural sources.
- Cinnamon or ingredients in cinnamon preferably come from natural sources. Cinnamon is made up of a variety of ingredients, including cinnamaldehyde, trans-cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid and numerous essential oils, including trans-cinnamaldehyde, cinnamyl acetate, eugenol, L-borneol, caryophyllene oxide, B-caryophyllene, L-bornyl acetate, E-nerolidol, a- Cub level, a-terpineol, terpinoia and a-thujene.
- the lipophilic compound is an ingredient of cinnamon, especially cinnamaldehyde.
- the lipophilic compound is a mixture of an ingredient of cinnamon, a mixture in particular of several cinnamon ingredients disclosed here or in Rao et al. , 2014 disclosed cinnamon ingredients.
- the mixture of cinnamon ingredients comprises a mixture of cinnamaldehyde and eugenol.
- Astaxanthin is preferably natural astaxanthin. Examples of naturally obtained astaxanthin are derived from algae such as Haematococcus, yeasts such as Phaffia, crustaceans such as shrimp, krill and crabs, cephalopods such as squid and cuttlefish, various seafood; Plants such as Adonis, Paracoccus sp. N81106, Brevundimonas sp.
- SD212 Erythrobacter sp. Bacteria such as PC6; Gordonia sp. Actinomycetes such as KANMONKAZ-1129; Schizophytrium sp. Astaxanthin from Labyrinthulas such as KH105.
- Cannabis or the cannabis plant in the sense of this disclosure refers to the plant species Cannabis sativa, which comprises at least three important subspecies, namely C. sativa sativa, C. sativa indica and C. sativa ruderalis, and includes all naturally occurring cannabis species, hybrids or other varieties, cultures, or clonal varieties derived from or derived from any of these subspecies, including industrial hemp or drug varieties, cultures, or clonal strains.
- Cannabis is an umbrella term for dried or fresh cannabis flowers, leaves or other plant biomass including trichomes and for all products made from extracts of C. sativa or containing phytocannabinoids that are identical to naturally occurring phytocannabinoids, regardless of the source.
- the ingredients of cannabis include, in particular, phytocannabinoids.
- Phytocannabinoids include decarboxylated phytocannabinoids such as delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabidiol (CBD), cannabichromene, cannabielsoin, delta-8-tetrahydrocannabinol, iso-tetrahydrocannabinol, cannabicyclol, cannabicitran.
- an ingredient of the cannabis plant is cannabidiol, which can be added to an aqueous solution in the method according to the invention.
- the lipophilic compound is an ingredient of cannabis, in particular cannabidiol.
- the lipophilic compound is a mixture of an ingredient of cannabis, a mixture, in particular, consisting of several ingredients disclosed here.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound can in particular have one of the following concentrations and lipophilic compounds:
- a concentration of at least 0.1 mg / L cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant such as cannabinoids, in particular cannabidiol (CBD).
- CBD cannabidiol
- the concentration of dissolved lipophilic compound, in particular cinnamon or one or more ingredients of cinnamon is at least 10 g / L, at least 20 g / L, at least 50 g / L, at least 100 g / L, at least 200 g / L, at least 250 g / L, e.g. 500 g / L.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound is used as a food, drink or cosmetic, preferably as a drink.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound is particularly advantageous for the food industry, since the increased solubility of the lipophilic compound in the aqueous solution enables better applicability.
- beverages can thereby be produced which contain the lipophilic compound in dissolved form.
- lipophilic substances for example, can be dissolved in drinks, which can have various effects.
- new or more flavorings can be added that were previously insoluble or poorly water-soluble.
- lipophilic substances can be added to beverages, which have positive effects on health.
- curcumin can be used as a lipophilic compound in aqueous solutions, with a particularly high solubility of the curcumin in the aqueous solution being able to be achieved according to the invention.
- beverages containing curcumin in high concentrations can be produced.
- beverages can be produced which contain lipophilic compounds (for example curcumin), with no further components having to be added which increase the solubility of the lipophilic compounds.
- lipophilic compounds for example curcumin
- particularly pure aqueous solutions which essentially contain water and the lipophilic compound (eg curcumin) can be used as a drink.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound is mixed with other aqueous solutions.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound can be mixed with aqueous solutions selected from milk, soy, vegetable, fruit, coffee and tea drinks, as well as soft drinks, alcoholic or de-alcoholised drinks and other beverages suitable for consumption .
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form, comprising the steps:
- the process according to the third aspect of the invention serves to produce a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form, the lipophilic compound obtained after drying being the end point of the second process according to the invention.
- the lipophilic compound obtained can be dissolved in an aqueous solution, if this is desired.
- a step is not an essential part of the process according to the invention for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form.
- the method according to the third aspect of the invention is particularly advantageous for preparing lipophilic compounds which have increased solubility in aqueous solutions. Such compounds can then be used to be placed in aqueous solution. At the same time, the lipophilic compounds are preferably obtained as a solid and are therefore very stable to natural degradation (e.g. hydrolysis). Furthermore, solids can be packaged and transported more easily.
- a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form which is preferably obtained as a solid, also enables the solid to be dissolved in any aqueous medium, for example for medical applications or in the food industry, for example as an addition to beverages.
- the present invention provides a method of increasing the water solubility of a lipophilic compound comprising the steps of:
- the features of the method according to the invention for increasing the water solubility of a lipophilic compound correspond to those of the method for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form according to the third aspect of the invention.
- the water solubility of the lipophilic compound is increased by a factor of 2, in particular by a factor of 5, 10, 25, 100, 200 or 500.
- the solubility is improved by the method according to the invention by a factor between 500 and 2000, 600 and 1800, 700 and 1400, or 800 and 1200.
- the lipophilic compound is preferably a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound in one embodiment be selected from curcuminoids such as curcumin and other ingredients of turmeric.
- the lipophilic compound is in particular curcumin, demethoxycurcumin or bisdemethoxycurcumin or a mixture thereof, preferably curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is processed by the method according to the invention in such a way that the solubility in aqueous solutions is significantly increased.
- the lipophilic compound curcumin can be dissolved significantly better in water, so that aqueous solutions can be produced with at least up to 10 g / L or more of dissolved curcumin.
- a fourth aspect of the present invention relates to lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form.
- a lipophilic compound of the present invention in water-soluble form can be produced by a process for producing a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form according to the third aspect of the invention.
- the embodiments, features and examples of this method accordingly also relate to the lipophilic compound in water-soluble form according to the fourth aspect of the invention.
- a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form is particularly advantageous for dissolving lipophilic compounds, which are usually not soluble in water, in water. As a result, increased concentrations of lipophilic compounds in water can be achieved without the need for further components that must enable water solubility.
- aqueous solutions which essentially comprise the lipophilic compound in water-soluble form and the water in which this compound has been dissolved.
- Lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form are particularly advantageous in medicine, the food industry (especially in beverages), cosmetics and in research.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound or the lipophilic compound in water-soluble form is used as a food, drink or cosmetic, preferably as a drink.
- Lipophilic compounds can be particularly advantageous in foods or beverages and have various positive effects there.
- curcumin is used as a natural color in foods.
- the application is limited by the fact that curcumin has only a very low solubility in water.
- the lipophilic compound is curcumin, so that the curcumin is converted into a water-soluble form and can thus be better dissolved in water. As a result, curcumin can be added to beverages in a water-soluble form.
- the lipophilic compound is curcumin, which is brought into a water-soluble form by a method according to the invention and is dissolved in water in order to produce a beverage.
- a drink is particularly advantageous because it is particularly pure and essentially contains water and curcumin. No other components are necessary to dissolve or stabilize the curcumin in water.
- the lipophilic compound is selected from curcuminoids such as curcumin, and other ingredients of turmeric.
- the lipophilic compound is in particular curcumin, demethoxycurcumin or bisdemethoxycurcumin or a mixture thereof, preferably curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is soluble in water in water-soluble form in a concentration of at least 0.1 g / L, in particular at least 1 g / L, at least 2 g / L, at least 5 g / L or at least 8 g / L, e.g. about 10 g / L.
- the lipophilic compound is preferably a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the present invention relates to a device for producing lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form or aqueous solutions of lipophilic compounds, comprising:
- the water tank can hold at least 1 L of water, in particular at least 4 L of water.
- the water tank can be made of any suitable material, in particular made of metal such as, for example, stainless steel or stainless steel.
- the container is designed in such a way that it enables the water in the water tank to come into contact with the lipophilic compound in the container. In certain embodiments, leakage of the lipophilic compound in undissolved form from the container is prevented or slowed down.
- An example of a corresponding container is a metal sieve whose meshes are so narrow that the lipophilic compound cannot pass through them, or only in small quantities.
- the container is in particular made of a material that withstands the heating by the flame of the gas burner undamaged.
- the container is preferably made of metal, in particular made of steel, for example stainless steel or stainless steel.
- the container can be a stainless steel sieve, for example.
- the gas burner can be any suitable gas burner which can heat the lipophilic compound in the container to a temperature of at least 200 ° C.
- the gas burner is aimed in particular at the interior of the container so that the flame of the gas burner can heat a lipophilic compound in the container.
- the gas burner is operated with water gas.
- the device can comprise a water gas cell.
- the water gas cell generates the water gas, which is burned in the gas burner to heat the lipophilic compound.
- the water gas cell can be connected directly to the gas burner, or the water gas generated is first collected in a suitable container and later fed into the gas burner.
- the water gas cell has a plurality of metal plates, preferably arranged in parallel, which are each separated from one another in such a way that there is an interspace between the metal plates are created into which water can be introduced.
- the metal plates are preferably made of steel, in particular stainless steel such as rust-free stainless steel, for example stainless steel of the alloy AISI 316.
- the metal plates can have a thickness of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, in particular about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm.
- the metal plates can have a size of 10 to 4000 cm 2 , 20 to 2000 cm 2 , 30 to 1000 cm 2 , 40 to 600 cm 2 or 50 to 400 cm 2 , in particular about 200 cm 2 .
- the metal plates are preferably at a distance of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, in particular about 1 mm to about 1.5 mm, from one another.
- the space between the metal plates can be filled with water, from which the water gas is formed.
- the metal plates can, for example, be separated from one another by a rubber seal, the rubber seal sealing the space between the metal plates.
- the water gas cell comprises an inlet for water into the interior space between the metal plates and an outlet for water gas from the interior space.
- the water gas cell comprises a voltage generator which can generate a voltage suitable for generating water gas between the metal plates.
- the electrical voltage per metal plate can be in a range from 0.5 V to 5 V, for example between 1 V and 3V or between 1.5 V and 2.5 V.
- the electrical voltage per metal plate is not greater than 2 .4 V and is preferably about 2.0 V or about 2.2 V.
- a current intensity is preferably applied which is in a range from 0.001 to 0.01 amperes per cm 2 for the total surface of the metal plates.
- the current strength is no greater than about 0.005 amperes per cm 2 for the total surface area of the metal plates.
- the water gas cell can have between 2 and 20 metal plates, in particular between 6 and 8 metal plates, such as 7 metal plates.
- the water gas cell can also include cooling for the metal plates.
- the water gas generated can be fed directly to the gas burner via a line.
- the device thus comprises, in one embodiment, a line between an outlet of the water gas cell and the gas burner which guides the generated water gas from the water gas cell to the gas burner.
- the device according to the invention can have an element for foam formation in the water tank.
- the element for foam formation can in particular be a stirrer or mixer. It can also be an element for shaking the water tank.
- the device is particularly suitable for performing the method according to the first and / or third aspect of the invention.
- the embodiments, features and examples of these methods also relate to the device according to the invention, in particular with regard to the water tank, the container for the lipophilic compound, the heat source, the water gas cell and the element for foam formation. 6.
- Alternative process for the preparation of aqueous solutions of a lipophilic compound
- the present invention relates to an alternative method for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound, comprising the steps of:
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound of at least 0.1 g / L.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can have a concentration of the lipophilic compound of at least 0.2 g / L, at least 0.5 g / L, at least 1 g / L, at least 1.5 g / L, at least 2 g / L, at least 3 g / L, at least 4 g / L, or at least 5 g / L.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound between 0.1 to 1000 g / L.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound of between 1 and 1000 g / L. In a preferred embodiment, the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound of between 1 and 1000 g / L cinnamon. In one embodiment, the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound of between 10 to 1000 g / L, 20 to 900 g / L, 30 to 800 g / L, 40 to 750 g / L, 50 to 700 g / L, 60 to 650 g / L, 80 to 600 g / L, 90 to 550 g / L or 100 to 500 g / L cinnamon.
- cinnamon relates in particular to cinnamaldehyde or to mixtures of cinnamaldehyde with other cinnamon ingredients.
- the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound has a concentration of the lipophilic compound which is above the saturation concentration.
- Such an embodiment can be advantageous in order to prepare highly concentrated aqueous solutions of the lipophilic compound.
- the supersaturated solution can then be mixed with more water so that the supersaturated part of the lipophilic compound can also be dissolved.
- It can also be advantageous to prepare aqueous solutions of the lipophilic compound that are particularly highly concentrated and then to add the water.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be in the form of a concentrate which is subsequently diluted to the desired concentration, for example by the customer or consumer.
- step (i) of the process the lipophilic compound is brought into contact with water in a water tank, whereby a mixture is obtained.
- the water can first be introduced into the water tank and then a defined amount of the lipophilic compound can be added.
- the lipophilic compound can also be added first and then the water.
- the water and the lipophilic compound can also be brought into contact first and then introduced into the water tank.
- the water is first introduced into the water tank and then brought into contact with the lipophilic compound.
- a mixture By bringing the lipophilic compound into contact with water in a water tank in step (i) of the process, a mixture is obtained.
- This mixture essentially comprises the lipophilic compound and the water.
- a mixture in the context of the invention is to be understood in such a way that the lipophilic compound and the water are in contact with one another / with one another and the lipophilic compound partially dissolves.
- the lipophilic compound is largely in the form of a solid.
- the lipophilic compound is in the form of a solid, part of the lipophilic compound being dissolved in the water, but at most that part of the lipophilic compound which corresponds to the water solubility known in the prior art.
- the water used in step (i) of the method is selected from distilled water, double-distilled water, demineralized water, ultrapure water and deionized water.
- the water used in step (i) of the method can furthermore be process water in the sense of the first aspect of the invention.
- the water is provided in a water tank.
- the water tank preferably corresponds to the water tank that has already been described in the first aspect of the invention.
- the water tank holds a volume selected from the range from 0.1 to 1,000 L, in particular 5 L.
- the water tank does not consist of a magnetic metal and not of a plastic, in particular plastic.
- a region of the water tank is heated by a water gas flame. So that the water tank does not melt or deform or be damaged in any other way by the heating, the water tank is preferably selected from a material which can withstand the increased temperatures caused by the water gas flame.
- the water tank preferably comprises a material that is heat-stable at least as long as the water gas flame is used for heating. For example, when heating for a short period of time, a less heat-stable material is sufficient than when heating for a long period of time.
- the water tank is made of stainless steel.
- at least 10 g of the lipophilic compound per liter of water are used in step (i). For example, at least 100 g, in particular at least 200 g, at least 300 g, at least 400 g or at least 500 g of cinnamon per liter of water of the lipophilic compound can be used. In certain embodiments, between about 10 g and about 1000 g of cinnamon per liter of water are used, for example about 50 g to about 750 g, in particular about 100 g to about 500 g.
- step (ii) of the method according to the invention an area of the water tank is heated by a water gas flame, the water gas flame being directed at an area on the outside of the water tank.
- an area of the water tank is heated by a water gas flame, the water gas flame being directed to an area on the outside of the water tank.
- the area is located below the surface of the water, where underneath is to be understood as meaning that the area is located on the outside of the water tank, but is lower than the surface of the water.
- below the surface is preferably not in the water during the heating step, i.e. the water gas flame is preferably not in direct contact with the water or mixture.
- the area of the water tank is on the side, with lateral heating preferably being understood in such a way that the water tank is neither heated from below (e.g. the standing surface) nor from above (e.g. the main opening of the water tank).
- the lateral surfaces preferably correspond to the surfaces of the water tank that do not represent the standing surface, but are adjacent to it. Further, it is preferable that the portion of the water tank that is heated is an outer surface of the water tank. In one embodiment, the outer surface of the water tank corresponds to an area that is not located on the inside and is not in direct contact with water.
- part of the mixture in the water tank is also heated in step (ii) adjacent to the heated area of the water tank.
- Heating of the mixture is preferably indirect, so that the mixture is not in direct contact with the water gas flame.
- the heating of a region of the water tank transfers the heat to the mixture, so that the mixture is heated indirectly.
- the heating preferably takes place indirectly, with indirect heating being defined by the fact that a heat source directly heats another area, but the mixture is heated indirectly by heat transport from the directly heated area.
- part of the mixture which has a temperature of more than 50 ° C, more than 60 ° C, more than 70 ° C, more than 80 ° C or more than 90 ° C is also heated in step (ii) or a temperature at which the water starts to boil.
- Part of the mixture that is adjacent to the area of the water tank that is heated in step (ii) is heated and can reach a temperature of more than 50 ° C, more than 60 ° C, more than 70 ° C , has more than 80 ° C or more than 90 ° C or a temperature at which the water begins to boil.
- the heat can be distributed through heat transport, so that not only the adjacent part is heated, but also the remaining part of the mixture. There can be gradients in the temperature within the mixture. Parts of the mixture can be more heated than other parts of the mixture in step (ii) of the process.
- the heating takes place by means of a water gas flame.
- the water gas flame can in particular be generated by a gas burner, the gas burner in particular being introduced to gas that is generated by a water gas cell.
- Gas burners are known in the prior art and the exact structure of the gas burner is not limiting in terms of the method according to the invention.
- the gas burner is designed in such a way that the water gas flame can be emitted in a targeted manner onto an area of the water tank.
- the gas burner comprises at least one outlet channel through which the water gas emerges.
- the water gas can be ignited when it exits through the outlet channel, so that a water gas flame is created.
- a water gas flame can be defined by the size and geometry of the outlet channel, as well as by the water gas itself (e.g. in a mixture) and the volume flow of the water gas.
- a gas burner can be adapted to the size of the water tank, e.g. by using a larger gas burner (e.g. with a larger outlet duct) with a higher water tank (e.g. 1000 L) than with a smaller water tank (e.g. 1 L).
- a water gas flame can be generated by using a water gas cell.
- the water gas cell produces water gas, which can be ignited to create a water gas flame.
- Water gas cells have already been described in the context of the first and fifth aspects of the invention, to which reference is made here.
- the water gas flame used is particularly suitable for generating a temperature of, for example, at least 250 ° C, in particular at least 300 ° C or at least 350 ° C.
- heating is carried out in step (ii) for a period of time of about 0.5 to 10 minutes, for example at least about 1 minute, at least about 3 minutes or at least about 5 minutes.
- step (iii) of the process according to the invention the mixture is mixed.
- the mixture can be mixed in various ways.
- the mixture can be stirred. Agitation of the mixture to mix may be performed at a speed of 10 RPM (revolutions per minute), 20 RPM, 30 RPM, 40 RPM, 50 RPM or more.
- Mixing of the mixture in step (iii) can take place by stirring, which is carried out by a device selected from a propeller stirrer, inclined blade stirrer, disc stirrer, swash plate stirrer, hollow blade stirrer, impeller stirrer, cross-beam stirrer, anchor stirrer, blade stirrer, grid stirrer with exchangeable blade stirrers, gas inlet stirrers with truncated or pointed ends, stirrers with movable glass or PTFE blades, spiral stirrers, toothed disk stirrers, residual quantity stirrers or other stirring devices known in the prior art.
- a homogenizer can also be used for mixing.
- the stirrer can be inserted and operated in the kettle.
- step (iv) of the method according to the invention an aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound is obtained.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound is obtained in step (iv) by removing it from the water tank.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be obtained in step (iv) in various ways.
- the aqueous solution can be obtained through an outlet, for example a tap, of the water tank. To do this, the outlet is opened and the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound flows from the water tank into a container that is used for extraction.
- the water tank can also be swiveled so that the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound flows out of the water tank and is preferably collected in a container.
- a receiving device in particular a trowel or a spoon, can be used to obtain the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound in step (iv).
- the lipophilic compound obtained by the process according to the invention from step (iv) has an increased solubility in aqueous solutions compared to the starting substance from step (i). This is a great advantage of the method according to the invention, since the increased solubility in aqueous solutions is used in a large number of areas. For example, the bioavailability for medical applications can be increased.
- the increased solubility in water is also advantageous in the food industry, for example in order to dissolve the lipophilic compound in beverages.
- An increased solubility of the lipophilic compound comprises at least an increase by a factor of at least 1.5, at least 2, at least 5, at least 10, at least 25, at least 100, at least 200 or at least 500.
- cinnamon for example cinnamaldehyde
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound obtained in step (iv) has a dissolved concentration of at least 0.1 g / L of the lipophilic compound.
- the lipophilic compound is in a concentration of at least 0.2 g / L, at least 0.5 g / L, at least 1 g / L, at least 2 g / L, at least 3 g / L, at least 4 g / L or at least 5 g / L dissolved.
- the concentration of the dissolved lipophilic compound in the aqueous solution is at least 8 g / L, for example about 10 g / L.
- the aqueous solution comprises the lipophilic compound has a concentration of cinnamon or one or more cinnamon ingredients (e.g. cinnamaldehyde) of at least 10 g / L water, at least 20 g / L water, at least 50 g / L water or at least 100 g / L water, for example selected from the range 100 to 1000 g / L water, such as 500 g / L.
- cinnamon ingredients e.g. cinnamaldehyde
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be processed further.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be transferred to collecting and / or storage containers.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound is filled into bottles or similar containers known in the art.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be filled in plastic containers, for example in bottles or bags made of plastic.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can also be processed further by adding additional components, in particular further water.
- additional components in particular further water.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be diluted to such an extent that the dilute aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be consumed or drunk.
- Other fields of application of the diluted or nondiluted aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound are also possible and are not limiting in the context of the invention.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be used in medicine or as a cosmetic.
- further components are present or added in addition to the water and the lipophilic compound.
- the lipophilic compound can be diluted in aqueous solutions selected from milk, soy, vegetable, fruit, coffee and tea beverages, as well as soft drinks, alcoholic or dealcoholized beverages and other beverages suitable for consumption .
- the expression “approximately” means that a value can have a deviation of up to +/- 10%, in particular a deviation of up to +/- 5%.
- “About 10” thus relates to a range from 9 to 11, in particular from 9.5 to 10.5.
- the expression “substantially” means that the corresponding characteristic is mainly fulfilled, in particular to at least 95%, to at least 97% or to at least 99%.
- the aqueous solutions of lipophilic compounds and the lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form as described herein have various uses in the art.
- One important area of application is medicine.
- the present invention therefore provides the use of the aqueous solutions of a lipophilic compound as described herein for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a Illness ready.
- the present invention provides the use of the lipophilic compound in water-soluble form as described herein for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment or prevention of a disease.
- the lipophilic compound can in particular be a compound as described herein.
- the lipophilic compound is a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is a cannabinoid such as CBD or THCA.
- the lipophilic compound is a carotenoid such as astaxanthin.
- the lipophilic compound is cinnamon or a cinnamon ingredient.
- the disease is amyloidosis.
- Amyloidosis is a condition in which proteins accumulate. The enriched proteins form insoluble deposits (amyloid) such as fibrils.
- amyloidosis is a tauopathy.
- tauopathies the tau protein is deposited in nerve and glial cells.
- the group of tauopathies includes in particular Alzheimer's disease, chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), Parkinson's disease, corticobasal degeneration and frontotemporal dementia.
- the amyloidosis is Alzheimer's disease.
- plaques consisting of incorrectly folded beta-amyloid (Aß) peptides form in the brain of the person affected, and defective tau proteins attach themselves to the axons from the cell body.
- Aß beta-amyloid
- Treatment is given to a patient who needs it. These are especially patients with amyloidosis such as Alzheimer's disease.
- the treatment can take place with the beginning of the disease as well as with advanced disease.
- Prevention can be done on any individual. In particular, prevention is used in older people, such as those aged 60, 65, 70 or 75 years of age. However, individuals of younger age can also benefit from the prevention, e.g. individuals aged at least 20 years, at least 30 years, at least 40 years or at least 50 years. In individuals with incipient or undiagnosed amyloidosis, prevention and treatment can merge. The patients and individuals are especially humans.
- an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound can be used, which is selected from the group consisting of curcuminoids such as curcumin, cannabinoids such as CBD and THCA, carotenoids such as astaxanthin, cinnamon and a cinnamon ingredient, and mixtures of this.
- a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form can be used, which is selected from the group consisting of curcuminoids such as Curcumin, cannabinoids such as CBD and THCA, carotenoids such as astaxanthin, cinnamon and a cinnamon ingredient, and mixtures thereof.
- the disease is inflammation or an inflammatory disease.
- Inflammatory diseases include, for example, atherosclerosis, osteoarthritis, autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, ankylosing spondylitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis and ulcerative colitis.
- an aqueous solution of a curcuminoid such as curcumin can be used to treat or prevent inflammation or inflammatory diseases.
- aqueous solutions of lipophilic compounds and the lipophilic compounds in water-soluble form can be used as food or food supplements or as an ingredient in food or food supplements.
- the present invention therefore provides a food or dietary supplement that contains an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound or a lipophilic compound in water-soluble form as described herein.
- the lipophilic compound can in particular be a compound as described herein.
- the lipophilic compound is a curcuminoid such as curcumin.
- the lipophilic compound is a cannabinoid such as CBD or THCA.
- the lipophilic compound is a carotenoid such as astaxanthin.
- the lipophilic compound is cinnamon or a cinnamon ingredient.
- the food or dietary supplement can additionally contain further constituents, in particular constituents commonly used for foods or dietary supplements.
- the food or dietary supplement contains, in addition to the aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound or the lipophilic compound in water-soluble form, a probiotic bacterium.
- the probiotic bacterium can be any probiotic bacterium as well as mixtures of different probiotic bacteria.
- a “bacterium” in the context of the present invention generally relates to a large number of bacterial cells and not to a single bacterial cell.
- the term "bacterium” refers to a plurality of bacterial cells of the same genus, species, or strain.
- Probiotic bacteria in particular, are live bacteria that provide health benefits when given in adequate quantities.
- the probiotic bacterium is selected from the group consisting of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus and bacteria of the genus Streptococcus, bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium, bacteria of the genus Enterococcus, bacteria of the genus Pseudomonas, and mixtures of bacteria containing bacteria of one or more of these genera.
- the probiotic bacterium can be selected, for example, from the group consisting of bacteria of the genus Lactobacillus, bacteria of the genus Streptococcus, bacteria of the genus Bifidobacterium and bacteria of the genus Enterococcus.
- the probiotic bacterium is a lactic acid bacterium.
- the probiotic bacterium can be a bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus or a bacterial mixture containing a bacterium of the genus Lactobacillus.
- the probiotic bacterium is selected from the group consisting of Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium breve, bacteria containing one or more of these bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and mixtures of these.
- the probiotic bacterium can be selected, for example, from the group consisting of bacteria of the species Enterococcus faecium, Bifidobacterium longum, Streptococcus thermophilus, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium breve.
- the probiotic bacterium is a bacterium of the species Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus rhamnosus or a bacterial mixture containing a bacterium of the species Lactobacillus plantarum and / or Lactobacillus rhamnosus.
- the probiotic bacterium is a bacterium of the species Pseudomonas fluorescens.
- Figure 1 shows a water gas cell made of rubber seals (1) and stainless steel plates (2).
- Figure 2 shows a device for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound with a container (3), e.g. a stainless steel sieve, for receiving a lipophilic compound, a gas flame (4) directed at the lipophilic compound, and a water tank (5) .
- a container (3) e.g. a stainless steel sieve
- Figure 3 shows a device for producing an aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound with a water tank (7) for receiving a lipophilic compound and the water.
- the lipophilic compound can be present on the surface of the water (6) right at the beginning.
- a gas flame (8) is directed to a side area of the outside of the water tank for heating.
- Figure 4 shows the effects of paralysis in C. elegans nematodes that accumulate A ⁇ plaques.
- L4 animals were exposed to the indicated compound and analyzed for loss of neuronal activity. During each point in time, 30 animals per treatment were evaluated as to whether they show a direct reaction to a touch stimulus.
- a control healthy nematodes.
- B control nematodes with A ⁇ accumulation (strain CL2006).
- C control CL2006 and solvent (water).
- F CL2006 and 0.25% (w / v) cinnamon are examples of cinnamon.
- Figure 5 shows the quantification of a learning and memory assay.
- Nematodes of the C. elegans strain CL2355 served as an Alzheimer's model.
- the chemotaxis index for butanone is plotted on the Y axis. The higher the chemotaxis index, the better the nematodes had learned that the butanone odor is associated with food.
- Figure 6 shows the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in an inflammation assay with macrophages.
- An inflammatory response was induced with LPS and the amount of TNF-a (A) and interleukin-6 (B) in the cell supernatant was determined.
- Unstimulated macrophages served as controls (left side).
- the release of the cytokines was measured depending on the treatment of the macrophages with test substances. The mean value of 6 measurements ⁇ SD is shown. n.d. not detectable. ** p ⁇ 0.1. *** p ⁇ 0.01. Control: no test substance added.
- PC Dexa positive control with dexamethasone.
- Example 1 Devices for performing the method according to the invention
- FIG. 1 An embodiment of a water gas cell is shown schematically in Fig. 1.
- the water gas cell is made up of several stainless steel plates (2) (AISI 316) with a thickness of 1.5 mm, which are separated from one another by rubber seals (1) with a thickness of 1 mm. The gap between the metal plates is sealed by the rubber seals. Water can be fed into the space through an inlet in the lower part of the metal plate and the water gas produced can escape through an outlet in the upper part.
- An electrical voltage of about 2.2 V per neutral stainless steel plate and a current strength of not more than 0.005 amperes per cm 2 is applied for the total surface of the neutral plates. Water is converted into water gas in the water gas cell.
- a device for the production of an aqueous solution with the dissolved lipophilic compound eg curcumin water
- the water tank (5) is filled with process water and the lipophilic compound, with the process water reaching almost to the edge.
- a stainless steel sieve (3) is used on the surface of the water.
- a small amount of the lipophilic compound (eg curcumin powder) is placed in this sieve (3).
- the water gas flame (4) is then directed at the lipophilic compound (eg curcumin powder) floating in the stainless steel sieve (3).
- the powder is heated and decomposes. This is followed by the triggering of foam formation on the process water surface by a mixer, the foam containing the lipophilic compound.
- the mixer is used and controlled in such a way that a vortex is created in the middle of the process water, whereby the water does not flow over the The edge of the water tank sloshes. You can now see that the lipophilic compound (in powder form) quickly disappears in the process water and is completely absorbed. Mixing also creates foam. The mixer can then be turned for an additional minute or several minutes. Then the mixer is removed from the process water. The foam is then collected, for example with a skimmer. Most of the lipophilic compound (e.g. curcumin) is in this foam. After collecting the foam, the process can be repeated, checking whether the water level is still sufficient to process the next load of lipophilic compound (e.g. curcumin powder).
- the lipophilic compound e.g. curcumin powder
- curcumin water was produced.
- a water gas flame was aimed at a point in the boiler.
- the water gas was generated by a water gas cell as described in Example 1 (Fig. 1).
- the water tank (5) was filled with 5 L demineralized process water and approx. 250 g curcumin from a biological source was added to the process water.
- a stainless steel sieve with about 5 g of curcumin in powder form was inserted so that it floats on the surface of the process water.
- water gas was generated with a water gas cell and the resulting water gas was fed into a gas burner.
- the water gas flame was aimed at the stainless steel sieve with curcumin. This burned the curcumin powder.
- a mixer was then added to the process water and turned on, which led to foam formation. As soon as enough foam had formed, the mixer was removed and the foam was removed with a skimmer.
- the foam contained most of the water-soluble curcumin.
- the foam was collected on a cloth to remove more water and then placed in a drying cabinet. To obtain the water-soluble curcumin, the foam was slowly dried at approx. 40 ° C. for 2 days.
- the curcumin powder was dissolved in distilled water by stirring to obtain curcumin water with a very high concentration.
- the foam that formed on dissolution was removed.
- 20 g of the curcumin processed according to the method were dissolved in 1 L of distilled water, an excess of curcumin being achieved so that part of the curcumin settles.
- the concentration of dissolved curcumin in water was measured by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS / MS, Waters ® ACQUITY UPLC I-Class and Waters ® Xevo TQ-S) in Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode.
- MRM Multiple Reaction Monitoring
- the chromatographic separation was performed with a standard gradients within 5 minutes on a Waters UPLC BEH C18 ® ACQUITY column (2.1 x 100 mm, 1.7 pm) is performed. 2 mM ammonium formate with 0.2% formic acid and 2 mM ammonium formate with 0.2% formic acid in acetonitrile were used as eluents.
- the calibration was carried out with an analytical curcumin standard from Sigma-Aldrich. Diazepam-D5 was used as an internal standard.
- the specific parameters of the process can also be adapted so that, in principle, other lipophilic compounds can be brought into solution with water.
- the process described above is particularly suitable for improving the solubility of curcumin in aqueous solutions.
- Example 3 Devices for carrying out the alternative method
- a device for the production of an aqueous solution with the dissolved lipophilic compound eg cinnamon water
- the water tank (7) is filled with water and the lipophilic compound, the lipophilic compound (for example in the form of a powder) preferably being applied to the water.
- the water reaches almost to the edge so that the water surface (6) is just below the edge.
- the water gas flame (8) is then directed at a level slightly below the water level (6) on an area of the outside of the water tank. Heating with the water gas flame (8) helps dissolve the lipophilic compound in the water.
- a mixing process by means of a mixer can assist in dissolving the lipophilic compound.
- the mixer is used and controlled in such a way that a vortex is created in the middle of the water, whereby the water does not spill over the edge of the water tank.
- the mixer can then be turned for an additional minute or several minutes. Then the mixer is removed from the water.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound obtained therefrom can be liquid or pasty, depending on the amount used.
- the aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can then optionally be brought into contact with water, so that a dilute aqueous solution of the lipophilic compound can be obtained.
- Example 4 Preparation of cinnamon water
- cinnamon water was produced.
- a device as described in Example 3 was used for this purpose.
- a water gas flame was aimed at a location on the outside of the water tank just below the water level.
- the water gas was generated by a water gas cell as described in Example 1 (Fig. 1).
- the water tank (7) was filled with 5 liters of demineralized water and approx. 500 g of cinnamon per liter of water.
- water gas was generated with a water gas cell and the resulting water gas was fed into a gas burner.
- the water gas flame was aimed at the kettle at a point just below the water level.
- a mixer was then added to the water and turned on. Once the lipophilic compound has dissolved, the mixer is removed.
- the pulpy product represents the cinnamon water that is obtained.
- the cinnamon water can then be further diluted by adding water.
- the cinnamon water obtained was very pure and essentially contained cinnamon and water. Neither additives such as solubilizers nor technologies such as micelle formation or nanodispersion were necessary.
- the specific parameters of the process can also be adapted so that, in principle, other lipophilic compounds can be brought into solution with water.
- the process described above is particularly suitable for improving the solubility of cinnamon or cinnamon ingredients in aqueous solutions, but also for other lipophilic compounds such as carotenoids, especially astaxanthin, cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant, such as cannabinoids, especially cannabidiol (CBD) .
- carotenoids especially astaxanthin
- cannabis or ingredients of the cannabis plant such as cannabinoids, especially cannabidiol (CBD) .
- CBD cannabidiol
- Example 5 Therapeutic effect of the lipophilic compounds against Alzheimer's disease
- a ⁇ extra-neural amyloid plaques
- the effects of the lipophilic compounds on the loss of memory and learning ability due to Alzheimer's disease were determined.
- C. elegans strain CL2355 plaques accumulate in the neurons of the nematode brain. As a result, the nematodes lose their ability to remember and learn.
- the A ⁇ accumulation in this strain can be induced by a heat shock to 25 ° C.
- the nematodes were grown to the L4 larval stage and then treated with 25 ° C. heat shock to induce A ⁇ accumulation. When hungry, they were then put on their food, either with or without an olfactory stimulus (butanone). The memory and learning test was carried out 2 hours later.
- the nematodes were placed between two different smells (ethanol and butanone) and it was observed whether they migrated to the smell associated with food (learning effect). If the ability to learn and remember is prevented, the nematodes migrate randomly, while if the ability to learn and remember is intact, the nematodes migrate to the learned smell (butanone). The number of nematodes for butanone minus the number for ethanol divided by the total number of nematodes gives the chemotaxis index.
- Control animals were not trained with butanone. Untreated nematodes showed only a very low chemotaxis index for butanone.
- the aqueous solutions described herein with curcumin or astaxanthin thus showed a therapeutic effect for improving the ability to learn and remember in Alzheimer's disease.
- Example 6 Therapeutic effect of the lipophilic compounds in inflammatory diseases
- aqueous curcumin solutions prepared according to the method described herein, was examined in an inflammation assay.
- THP-1 cells a human monocyte cell line
- PMA phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate
- the differentiated cells were exposed to the test substance for 24 h and then the inflammatory process was triggered by treatment with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) for one hour. After 24 hours of incubation, the cell supernatant was collected and frozen for analysis.
- the concentrations of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF- ⁇ and interleukin-6 were determined using ELISA kits. Dexamethasone served as a positive control for that Anti-inflammatory.
- Various dilutions of an aqueous curcumin solution (20 g / l) were used as the test substance.
- the release of TNF- ⁇ and IL-6 was extremely low in unstimulated cells.
- the aqueous curcumin solution suppressed the TNF- ⁇ and IL-6 secretion of the cells to a significantly greater extent.
- the IL-6 secretion was completely suppressed at all concentrations used and the TNF- ⁇ secretion was reduced as a function of the concentration, the highest concentration also causing complete inhibition.
- the aqueous curcumin solution described herein was shown to have a potent anti-inflammatory effect.
- a lipophilic compound e.g. stainless steel sieve
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DE102020000111.4A DE102020000111A1 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2020-01-13 | Aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound |
DE102020000113 | 2020-01-13 | ||
DE102020002948 | 2020-05-18 | ||
PCT/EP2021/050479 WO2021144262A1 (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2021-01-12 | Aqueous solution of a lipophilic compound |
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DE202012012130U1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-03-21 | Aquanova Ag | Curcuminsolubilisat |
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