EP4076785A1 - KERNSCHIEßVERFAHREN UND KERNSCHIEßVORRICHTUNG FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON KERNEN MIT GLEICHZEITIGEM HÄRTUNGSVERFAHREN - Google Patents
KERNSCHIEßVERFAHREN UND KERNSCHIEßVORRICHTUNG FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON KERNEN MIT GLEICHZEITIGEM HÄRTUNGSVERFAHRENInfo
- Publication number
- EP4076785A1 EP4076785A1 EP20820327.3A EP20820327A EP4076785A1 EP 4076785 A1 EP4076785 A1 EP 4076785A1 EP 20820327 A EP20820327 A EP 20820327A EP 4076785 A1 EP4076785 A1 EP 4076785A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- core
- tool
- core shooting
- shooting
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/06—Core boxes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/10—Cores; Manufacture or installation of cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C23/00—Tools; Devices not mentioned before for moulding
- B22C23/02—Devices for coating moulds or cores
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C25/00—Foundry moulding plants
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C7/00—Patterns; Manufacture thereof so far as not provided for in other classes
- B22C7/06—Core boxes
- B22C7/065—Venting means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/12—Treating moulds or cores, e.g. drying, hardening
- B22C9/123—Gas-hardening
Definitions
- the invention relates to a core shooting method with a plurality of core shooting tools each having at least two tool contour shells or tool halves that are adjustable between an open position and a closed position, the core shooting tools in the closed position each forming a hollow chamber that is geometrically adapted to a core to be shot.
- a core shooting method is known, for example, from FR 3047429 Ai.
- cores are often necessary that can be used in casting molds, for example to form cavities in the structural or molded part.
- Such cores can be made with core shooting tools.
- a core molding material made of sand and a binder is usually shot into the core shooting tool.
- the core molding material assumes the shape of the hollow chamber enclosed by the tool and can then be cured.
- the core can, for example, be gassed or flowed through with a gas.
- the independent claim 12 relates to a corresponding core shooting tool.
- Advantageous embodiments of the invention are each the subject of the dependent claims. Accordingly, a core shooting method using a plurality of core shooting tools is proposed, each of which can be adjusted between an open position and a closed position, the core shooting tools in the closed position each forming a hollow chamber that is geometrically adapted to a core to be shot, the method comprising the following steps:
- the main advantage of the invention is that by using a plurality of core shooting tools and ejecting core shooting tools already filled with core molding material from the core shooting machine, on the one hand, one does not rely on just one core shooting tool, but can also prepare further core shooting tools for the shooting process in parallel while the first core shooter is still in the machine.
- the stress on the individual tools or the use of environmentally friendly inorganic binders can be made possible. Worn tools can also be successively replaced with new tools so that an intact core shooting tool is always available and machine downtimes can be minimized.
- binding agent can be applied to the inner surfaces of the hollow chamber. It can be provided that the introduction of a first core shooting tool into a core shooting machine includes the introduction of two tool contour shells and their locking in a closed position by means of a toggle lever device.
- the introduction of core molding material and a binding agent into the first core molding tool comprises: shooting core molding material into the first core molding tool and injecting binding agent into the injected core molding material.
- This can be done, for example, via an injection device with a plurality of injection nozzles which, after the core molding material has been introduced into the cavity of the core shooting tool, is introduced through corresponding openings in one of the tool contour shell in order to inject binding agent into the molding material in this position.
- the injection device's binding agent can be introduced via the venting nozzles of the core shooting tool.
- a device for introducing the binding agent via the vapor or gas phase can be provided.
- the introduction of core molding material and a binder into the first core shooting tool comprises: shooting a core molding material / binder mixture into the core shooting tool.
- this can take place via a metering pump that functions according to the endless piston principle, with the binding agent being mixed with the core molding material only in the nozzle tip.
- the core shooting tool is transferred to a hardening furnace, in particular a continuous hardening furnace.
- the core shooting tool can be left in the oven until the binding agent has hardened to such an extent that it can be removed.
- the tool is preferably heated in an oven until a stable outer shell has formed.
- the oven can be an infrared oven for rapid heating.
- the core shooting tool can be heated with flames or inductively.
- the humidity in the furnace can be kept at a high level.
- the oven can preferably have a circulating air device for circulating the air humidity.
- the process can also be carried out using gas curing.
- the tool can be placed in a gas-tight chamber instead of in an oven after shooting. There the tool is rinsed with C0 2 or an amine gas, for example, until the Gas has penetrated the entire core. The tool can then be taken out of the gas-tight chamber and opened so that the hardened core can be removed.
- the method is a mask form or croning process.
- a binder-covered core molding material can be shot into the core shooting tool.
- the tool can then be heated in an oven until a stable outer shell has formed, whereby the oven can be, for example, an infrared oven for rapid heating, alternatively the core shooting tool can be heated with flames or inductively heated.
- loose material can be emptied from the core in order to improve the gas permeability.
- the method can be carried out with cold-setting binders such as slowed-down furan resins, cement binders or gypsum binders.
- cold-setting binders such as slowed-down furan resins, cement binders or gypsum binders.
- the tool can be placed in an oven and left there at a moderate temperature until the binder has hardened to such an extent that it can be removed.
- the humidity in the furnace can be kept at a high level.
- the method is a cold box method.
- a particular advantage of a cold box method is the possibility of using lighter tools compared to hot box methods.
- lower process temperatures can achieve lower wear and a clear cost advantage using hot box processes.
- the method is carried out as a hot box process with inorganic or other hot-curing binder systems.
- the binder is an inorganic binder.
- inorganic binders are more environmentally friendly than organic binders and produce less smoke during casting. This reduces the burden on employees through reduced odor development and prevents condensate deposits on the casting tools.
- the curing temperature during curing of the core is less than or equal to no ° C, preferably less than or equal to 100 °, particularly preferably less than or equal to 90 ° C.
- the core shooting tool is opened after the core has hardened and the hardened core is removed.
- the core-shooting tool can be cleaned after the core has been removed, reset to a condition capable of being fired, and then reintroduced into the core-shooting machine. Because the cleaning takes place "offline", the duration of this production step can also be deducted from the cycle time.
- the outsourcing of as many functions as possible from the core shooting machine also has the advantage that the functional scope of the core shooting machine is reduced and this is basically reduced to a simple sand conveying device. By regularly removing the tool from the machine, the tool condition can also be checked at regular intervals, so that the tool condition is fundamentally better. As a result, the cores can be shot at lower pressures, which in turn has a beneficial effect on tool wear and energy consumption.
- the same geometrically adapted hollow chamber is formed in each of the plurality of core shooting tools.
- time-consuming conversion processes between the individual core shooting processes can be avoided.
- the hardening of the cores can also take more time due to the many identical tool trays available while maintaining the low cycle time. This redundancy through several identical core shooting tools thus enables the outsourcing of the time-consuming steps that do not necessarily have to be carried out within the machine, such as curing, core removal, cleaning and putting them back into a shootable state.
- a core shooting tool for carrying out the core shooting process, with a first tool contour shell and a second tool contour shell, which can be moved back and forth between a closed position and an open position, with a core to be shot in the closed position in the core shooting tool geometrically adapted hollow chamber is formed, with at least one injection bore for introducing core molding material and / or binding agent into the hollow chamber, and with at least one frame for moving the core shooting tool into and out of the core shooting machine, the frame at least one horizontal and / or vertical has supporting support element for absorbing forces acting on the tool contour shells.
- At least one closing element can be provided for automated closing, in particular at least two closing clips, which hold the tool contour shells in the closed position.
- the locking clips can in particular be designed as C-profiles which encompass the lower and upper tool contour shells and thereby generate a predetermined preload.
- the C-profiles can be designed to be laterally adjustable, guided by rails. Furthermore, the height of the C-profiles can be adjusted by means of a hydraulic system, so that the profile width can also be adjusted.
- the locking element can also be designed as a toggle lever locking element mounted on the core shooting tool. Alternatively, it can be provided that the tool contour shells are screwed together.
- the tool contour shells each have a wall thickness of less than 20 mm, preferably less than 10 mm, particularly preferably less than 5 mm.
- the use of thin tool contour shells will have a particularly advantageous effect on material consumption.
- Thin tool contour shells also have the advantage that the core accommodated in the shells can be brought to the predetermined hardening temperature in the hardening furnace more quickly and with less energy input.
- the tool contour shells can be formed essentially from plastic. So-called "cast copying processes" can be used to produce the tools.
- Plastic has the particular advantage that it can be produced more cheaply and with less energy expenditure. Furthermore, handling is simplified because the tool contour shells have a lower weight.
- the plastic can, for example, be a polymer
- the polymer can be, for example, a thermoplastic or a thermosetting plastic.
- the thermoplastic can have one or more of the following groups: polyamide, polyoxymethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polycarbonate / Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene, polyetheretherketone, polyetheracrylketone, polytetrafluoroethylene
- the thermoset can be one or more of the following group have: polyurethane, cast polyamide, epoxy resin, melamine resin, urea resin, phenolic resin, furan resin.
- a ventilation nozzle can be provided on at least one of the tool contour shells.
- the tools can alternatively be vented via several nozzles, as no explicit exhaust air ducts have to be present.
- the core shooting tool can be vented via the venting nozzles.
- the binding agent is introduced via the ventilation nozzles.
- special access nozzles can also be provided, via which the binding agent is introduced into the core shooting tool.
- the binding agent is introduced via the injection bore.
- the binding agent can be introduced into the core shooting tool as an aerosol, in gaseous form or in its vapor phase.
- the tool contour shells can be porous or perforated.
- the binding agent can be introduced by means of a dipping process.
- FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a cast part to be produced
- FIG. 2 shows an exemplary embodiment of a lower tool contour shell
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a core shooting tool clamped in the closed position by means of a clamp
- FIG. 4 shows a core shooting process in a core shooting tool (not shown) provided with a clamp
- FIG. 5 shows the heating of the shot and clamped core shooting tool in a hardening furnace
- FIG. 6 shows an exemplary circulatory system using a plurality
- FIG. 7a shows an exemplary embodiment in which binder is placed on the inner surfaces of the tool contour shells
- FIG. 7b shows the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7a, in which, after binder has been placed in front of it, binderless sand is shot / filled into the core shooting tool;
- FIG. 8a shows a further exemplary embodiment in which, after the introduction of sand, the binder is introduced into the sand via ventilation nozzles in the lower tool contour shell;
- FIG. 8b shows the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 8a, in which the injector system introduces binder into the sand via the ventilation nozzles;
- FIG. 9 shows an embodiment of a core shooting tool with a sideshift.
- Figure 1 shows an example of a sand core to be used for a cast part 16, which corresponds to the negative of a section of the inner contour of the cast part.
- the pouring of liquid metal into a mold leads to a solid cast part 16 without the use of cores intricate, geometrical construction, for example as a weight saving or the passage of media, there are different methods to achieve this by means of cores produced by the core shooting process.
- the shape of the cavity to be created is produced with specially prepared molding material.
- This sand core is then placed inside the mold at the point where the cavity or an undercut is to be created. If necessary, this core can be reinforced with iron cores so that it is not destroyed during the casting process.
- FIG. 2 shows a lower tool contour shell 3, which depicts the lower half of the contour of the sand core from FIG.
- the lower tool contour shell 3 has, at least in sections, flat bearing surfaces on its underside, its upper side and on the side walls so that it can be easily placed and moved into the core shooting machine or that the upper tool contour shell 2 is placed on the lower tool contour shell 3 in a particularly simple manner can be or an unproblematic fastening of the fastening clips 5 for bracing both tool contour shells 2, 3 against each other is made possible.
- a core shooting tool 1 with both tool contour shells 2, 3 in their closed position is shown in FIG. 3.
- the tool contour shells 2, 3 are placed on top of one another in such a way that a cavity 4 geometrically adapted to the sand core to be produced is formed in their interior.
- the contact surfaces of the contour shells 2, 3 can preferably be designed in such a way that they have a self-centering function and the contour shells 2, 3 are thereby automatically correctly aligned with one another.
- the contact surfaces of both tool contour shells 2, 3 can be angled complementarily to one another.
- the contact surface of the lower tool contour shell 3 can be angled circumferentially in a gullet or funnel shape and the contact surface of the upper tool contour shell 2 can be designed accordingly.
- the core molding material and, if necessary, also the binding agent can be introduced into the core shooting tool 1.
- a shot bore 8 via which the core molding material and, if necessary, also the binding agent can be introduced into the core shooting tool 1.
- two C-shaped brackets 5 grip around both halves of the core shooting tool 1 and hold them against one another under a certain pretension.
- FIG. 1 A core shooting process in a core shooting tool 1 closed with a clamp 5 (not shown) is shown in FIG.
- the core shooting tool 1 is supported on a carrier plate 7.
- the core shooting tool 1 can also be moved into and out of the machine via this carrier plate 7.
- a vertically adjustable shooting head 6 is shown, which docks with a corresponding nozzle on the injection bore 8 in order to shoot the necessary material such as sand and / or binder into the cavity 4 of the core shooting tool 1.
- both tool contour shells 2, 3 can be introduced separately into the machine and only closed and clamped together in this.
- the core shooting tool is positioned below the shooting head 6 by horizontally moving the carrier plate 7, the shooting head 6 then moves vertically into the injection bore 8 and shoots sand and / or binder into the cavity 4.
- FIG. 6 shows schematically the sequence of the core shooting process according to the invention for the production of cores with simultaneous hardening process.
- a lower and an upper tool contour shell 2, 3 are placed on top of one another in such a way that they form a geometrically adapted cavity 4 inside.
- the tool contour shells 2, 3 are then fixed to one another by means of clamps 5 under a predetermined pretension.
- the core shooting tool 1 prepared in this way is then transferred to the core shooting machine, in which sand and / or binder is injected into the cavity 4 via the injection bore 8 by means of a shooting head 6.
- the core shooting tool 1 is then transferred together with the enclosed sand-binder mixture into the hardening furnace 9 in order to harden there.
- the core shooting tool 1 is removed from the hardening furnace 9 and both tool contour shells 2, 3 are separated from one another so that the core can be removed.
- the two tool contour shells 2, 3 are then transferred to a cleaning device 10, in which sand and binder residues are removed and the tool contour shells 2, 3 are returned to a condition suitable for shooting.
- both mold contour shells 2, 3 are prepared for shooting in a further core and the cycle begins again from the beginning.
- Another core shooting tool 1 is transferred to the core shooting machine as soon as the previous core shooting tool 1 has left it and is in turn transferred to the hardening furnace 9.
- the hardening furnace 9 is preferably a continuous furnace which accommodates the individual subsequent core shooting tools 1 in accordance with the cycle time of the core shooting machine.
- FIG. 7a shows an alternative embodiment of the invention in which a sand-binder mixture is not injected into the cavity 4 at the same time, but rather the binder is applied to the inner contour of the cavity halves before the tool contour shells 2, 3 are closed. The shells are then closed and the core molding material is injected into the cavity 4 via the injection opening 8, as shown in FIG. 7b.
- Figures 8a and 8b show an embodiment of the invention in which the binder is introduced neither via the injection bore 8, nor by prior application to the cavity halves, but via a separate injector system 15, which is optionally via the ventilation nozzles 12 or via several injector nozzles 13 additionally provided openings in one of the tool contour shells is injected into the cavity 4.
- the sand is first shot into the cavity 4 via the shooting head 6 through the injection bore 8.
- the injection nozzles 13 of the injector system 15 are then introduced through the associated bores into the cavity 4 and the binder is then injected into the sand that has been injected.
- Figure 9 shows a further embodiment of the core shooting tool 1, in which the lower tool contour shell 3 and the upper tool contour shell 2 are designed so that they together form an additional opening 16 via which access to the cavity 4 is provided from the outside of the core shooting tool 1.
- This opening 16 serves to receive a sideshift 14. This is moved laterally into the cavity 4 before the sand is injected into the cavity 4 and serves to form an undercut contour of the sand core.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102019134739.4A DE102019134739B3 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Kernschießverfahren und Kernschießvorrichtung für die Herstellung von Kernen mit gleichzeitigem Härtungsverfahren |
PCT/DE2020/100993 WO2021121467A1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-11-24 | KERNSCHIEßVERFAHREN UND KERNSCHIEßVORRICHTUNG FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON KERNEN MIT GLEICHZEITIGEM HÄRTUNGSVERFAHREN |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4076785A1 true EP4076785A1 (de) | 2022-10-26 |
Family
ID=73740160
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20820327.3A Withdrawn EP4076785A1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-11-24 | KERNSCHIEßVERFAHREN UND KERNSCHIEßVORRICHTUNG FÜR DIE HERSTELLUNG VON KERNEN MIT GLEICHZEITIGEM HÄRTUNGSVERFAHREN |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230024847A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP4076785A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN114786836A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102019134739B3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2021121467A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4083396A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1978-04-11 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Rotary type core-making machine |
DE3221357A1 (de) * | 1982-06-05 | 1983-12-08 | Plasticonsult GmbH Beratungsgesellschaft für Kunststoff- und Oberflächentechnik, 6360 Friedberg | Verfahren zur herstellung von formen und kernen fuer giesszwecke |
SU1759525A2 (ru) * | 1990-03-02 | 1992-09-07 | Производственное Объединение "Ровенский Завод Тракторных Агрегатов Им.Хху Съезда Кпсс" | Блок стержневой оснастки и установка дл изготовлени литейных стержней |
DE20320923U1 (de) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-06-09 | Hydro Aluminium Alucast Gmbh | Fertigungslinie zum im kontinuierlichen Durchlauf erfolgenden Herstellen von Gussteilen aus einer metallischen Schmelze, insbesondere einer Leichtmetallschmelze |
JP2006061948A (ja) * | 2004-08-27 | 2006-03-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | 水溶性中子の造型方法 |
DE102012019181A1 (de) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-03-21 | Daimler Ag | Fertigungsanlage und Verfahren zum Herstellen von Sandkernen für den Metallguss |
FR3047429A1 (fr) * | 2016-02-10 | 2017-08-11 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif de noyautage pour fonderie par gravite |
-
2019
- 2019-12-17 DE DE102019134739.4A patent/DE102019134739B3/de active Active
-
2020
- 2020-11-24 CN CN202080085666.5A patent/CN114786836A/zh active Pending
- 2020-11-24 EP EP20820327.3A patent/EP4076785A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-11-24 US US17/785,579 patent/US20230024847A1/en active Pending
- 2020-11-24 WO PCT/DE2020/100993 patent/WO2021121467A1/de active Search and Examination
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN114786836A (zh) | 2022-07-22 |
DE102019134739B3 (de) | 2021-04-01 |
WO2021121467A1 (de) | 2021-06-24 |
US20230024847A1 (en) | 2023-01-26 |
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